Semester 2 Final Exam Review
Motion and Force Vocab Motion object changes position relative to a reference point. Speed distance traveled in a period of time. Velocity speed in a direction. Acceleration rate at which velocity changes. Negative Acceleration slowing down Force a push or a pull. Friction force that 2 surfaces exert on each other when they rub against each other.
Analyze different motion graphs
Analyze different motion graphs Can you predict?
Force and Motion Examples Average Speed: Example: Speed = distance time Speed = 100 miles 3 hours Speed = 33.33 m/hr
Force and Motion Examples Velocity: Velocity = distance time Velocity = 100 miles 3 hours Velocity = 33.33 m/hr south
What effects the force of gravity between two objects?
Describe different scenario's of inertia.
What would happen if two object with different masses are dropped from a height at the same time?
Force and Motion Examples Net Force:
Force and Motion Examples Acceleration Formula: Acceleration = final speed initial speed time Examples: Acceleration = final speed initial speed time Acceleration = 60 m/hr 25 m/hr 5 hours Acceleration = 7 m/hr Note: Can be Negative Acceleration
What does negative acceleration mean? The acceleration is less than the distance it traveled during the previous second.
Mechanical Energy: Kinetic or potential energy associated with the motion or position or an object. Mechanical Energy
What is Electrical Energy, Nuclear Energy, Electromagnetic Energy, Thermal Energy, and Chemical Energy? Electrical Energy Nuclear Energy Electromagnetic Energy Chemical Energy Thermal Energy
What is Conduction, Convection, and Radiation?
Explain Potential and Kinetic Energy? *need to know crests and troughs
How are sound waves (mechanical waves) created? Sound waves are created when a source of energy causes a medium to VIBRATE. Speed of sound depends on the temperature, stiffness, and density of the medium it travels through.
What are the parts of a wave?
What is Regular Reflection, Diffuse Reflection, Refraction, and Diffraction? Regular Reflection Diffuse Reflection Refraction Diffraction
What is Constructive and Destructive Interference and how do they interact? Constructive Interference 2 waves combine to form a wave with a larger amplitude than either individual wave. Destructive Interference 2 waves combine to form a wave with a smaller amplitude than either individual wave.
Why does an object appear to be a certain color? The object appears to be a certain color because that color is reflected back to your eye (because of its wavelength) and all of the other colors are absorbed into the object.
Transparent, Translucent, Opaque Opaque Translucent Transparent Opaque Reflects or Absorbs all of the light that strikes the object. Translucent Scatters the light that passes through the object. Transparent Transmits MOST of the light that passes through the object.
Identify the pitch and frequency of waves?
Electromagnetic Energy Electromagnetic Energy: The energy of light and other forms of radiation, which travels through space as waves. Radio Waves, Microwaves, Infrared rays, Visible Light Ultraviolet Rays, X-rays, Gamma Rays
What is the Doppler Effect?
Energy Energy The ability to do work Efficiency the percentage of energy that is actually used to perform work.
Energy Transformations Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy is neither created nor destroyed; it simply changes form. Note: many times energy is lost due to friction and/or heat energy. Energy Transformation: A change from one form of energy to another. Ex. Chemical energy from food converts to food energy or calories for our body to function.
Energy Transformations Need to Know the Process:
Sources of Energy Renewable Resources: Resources that are always available or is naturally replaced in a short time. Nonrenewable Resources: Takes millions of years to make and cannot be easily replaced in our lifetimes. Fossil Fuels: Coal, Oil, or Natural Gas that forms over millions of years from the remains of ancient organisms. Burned to release energy. *Nonrenewable Biomass Fuels: Fuel made from living things (ex. seaweed). Sustainable.
Renewable Sources of Energy Wind Solar Hydroelectric Geothermal Nuclear Electric
Pros and Cons of Energy Fossil Fuels Pros: Easiest Type of Energy; Advanced Technology Cons: Nonrenewable, Pollution Biomass Fuels Pros: Renewable, all over world Cons: Expensive in some areas Solar Energy Pros: Renewable, Placed where needed Cons: Expensive, No Sun means no energy Wind Energy Pros: Renewable, No Pollution Cons: Unpredictable Hydroelectric Energy Pros: Renewable, Reliable Cons: Location needed by water, droughts Geothermal Energy Pros: Renewable, never run out Cons: Possible negative effects on Earth s Crust Nuclear Energy Pros: High Energy Production Cons: Unstable and Dangerous
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