The ithemba LABS Radioactive Beam Project R A Bark
Scientific Committee Local Committee Rob Bark Krish Bharuth-Ram Pete Jones Steve Karataglidis Kobus Lawrie Rudzani Nemutudi Rudolf Nchodu Paul Papka Carlos Pineda-Vargas Smarajit Triambak International Advisors Gordon Ball (TRIUMF) Peter Butler (Liverpool/ISOLDE) Robert Janssens (ANL) John Wood (Georgia Tech)
Department of Science & Technology Developing South African Research Infrastructure Roadmap ithemba LABS upgrade Ranked Highly NOT ON IT ONLY AS POSSIBLE SITE FOR TECHNICASL SUPPORT BASE ithemba LABS Flagship Project Cost of Project R1300M National Research Foundation RIB Project Strongly Supported R32M Technical Design Study & Low Energy Facility NECSA/NTP On-going discusion about commercial isotope production venture/ new cyclotron
C70 General Description Diameter < 4m Weight > 120t Magnetic field: 1.55T Magnetic Gap: 30mm Extraction Radius: 1.2m 2 exit ports Particles: H - / D - / He 2+ / HH + Variable Energy : 15 MeV 70 MeV extraction Systems: Stripper H - / D - Deflector He 2+ / HH + Performances: 750µA H - 70MeV 35µA He 2+ 70MeV Current upgrade up to 1.5mA
A New Cyclotron at ithemba LABS Isotope Production off SSC and onto new cyclotron Proton Therapy to ithptc (probably to a hospital) Free SSC for use by Physics and neutron therapy More than doubles physics beamtime (including stable beams) Production of radioactive beams using the ISOL method In-flight production of RIBs (with SSC upgrade)
Mode of Operation Structural Integrity of ISOL targets is still the subject of research Sudden changes in beam current/ temperature probably not a good idea at this stage Makes shared beam use with isotope production potentially hazardous to ISOL target extra start/stop cycles, because in dual operation, cannot switch off one beam and leave the other running increased number of beam trips All of which implies RIB production (at least initially) requires sole use of 70 MeV cyclotron
Mode of Operation Cannot safely run two beams simultaneously with one beam for RIB production (RIB target potentially too fragile) New cyclotron will run two weeks Radionuclide Production then two weeks RIB production
Additions to the existing facility
Making Radioactive Beams at itl H.I. Fusion-Evaporation In-Flight Inverse Kinematics (p,xn), (p,yp,xn), (p, za, xn) Proton induced Fission of Uranium
Isotope Separation Online, ISOL New Accelerator RIB Production Target 1 + Ion- Source Mass Selector Charge Breeder Injector Cyclotron SSC Experiment
RIB Production To injector/ssc Low-energy beamlines Charge breeder Mass analyser Beam cooler Target / ionsource maintenance RIB production stations Robot Target storage
SPES Target/Ion-source Collaboration with INFN Legnaro, Italy High-power tests of SPES targets. Front-end R6.5M
RIB Target/Ion-SourceTest Facility & Technical Design Study Technical Design Study R7M Test Facility R25M Funded by NRF Later to be used for -decay studies Materials sciences Testing fundamental symmetries
Demonstrator Permission to deviate from normal tender process and buy front-end from Legnaro signed by NRF president, 2 weeks ago. Deliver beginning 2016 First beam late 2016/2017?? 2017 developing beams Available for physics 2018?? Tape Station Group Needs YOU!!
Direct Targets: UC x LaC SiC AL 2 O 3 B 4 C BeO + Ta converter for 9 Be(n, ) 6 He
High Power Test of SiC Target 60 µa, 66MeV = 4 kw
SPES ISOL Beams
Ucx Direct Target: Collaboration with Legnaro INFN Upgrade SPES direct target from 40 MeV beam to 70 MeV beam (design at ithemba LABS by Alberto Monetti) More than doubles the fission yield (2 x 10 13 ) Power in this design limited to P = MeV x µa = 70 x 150 = 10.5 kw
Fission of Uranium Beams from hot source Refractory Elements
ISOL Beams - some of the strong ones
ISOL Beam Intensities
Fission of Uranium Beams from hot source Refractory Elements
Refractory Fission Fragment Beams IGISOL METHOD Ionizing laser beam Gas flow Primary beam neutron converter n thin U target Fission fragments
Upgrade SPC2 and SSC: Present SPC2 inflector unsuitable for heavy-ions Double-drift buncher in injection line before SPC2 Puts 80% of beam within phase acceptance Presently have Variable Frequency Flat-Topping on SPC1 Introduce the same to SPC2 Variable frequency flat-topping on SSC Upgrade Vacuum Overall transmission to reach up to 30%
Proton Rich Beams In-flight production of n-deficient beams Fusion-evaporation; inverse kinematics Beam A ~ 120 1 pµa; 6 MeV/A A ~ 20 Products A ~ 140 ~ 4MeV/A 10 7 pps In-flight Coulex
Coulex of Proton Rich Nuclei
Beam Energies Cyclotron Energy E/A = Kq 2 /m 2 K = 200 for light ions K = 230 for heavy ions (260??); typically q/m = 0.2 using ECR source
ESIS - type of EBIS
ESIS - type of EBIS Element Xe M=129.0 Charge state q Binding energy E_b; Optimal e-beam energy 2.0KeV E_e 2.5xE_b Relative abudance in charge state spectrum Ionization time at J= 300 A/cm 2 Ionization time at J= 500 A/cm 2 Ionization time at J= 1000 A/cm 2 Beam Energy K=230 Xe26+ q/m 0.201 E_b=0.86 KeV; E_e=2.0 KeV; 30% 24 ms 14 ms 7 ms 9 MeV/U Xe42+ q/m 0.326 E_b=3.07 KeV; E_e=7.5 KeV; 33% 528 ms 317 ms 160 ms 8M Xe43+ q/m 0.333 E_b=3.25 KeV; E_e=7.5 KeV; 40% 840 ms 500 ms 250 ms 23 MeV/U Xe44+ q/m 0.341 E_b=3.34 KeV; E_e=7.5 KeV; 60% 1.0 s 630 ms 315 ms 70% 1.3 s 800 ms 400 ms 80% 1.7 s 1.0 s 500 ms
Cost estimates Phase I Cost MR Cyclotron & services 304 Isotope production 274 RIB (building only) 24 Salaries 38 TOTAL 640 Phase 2 Cost MR Cost (cheap) Beam transport (3 70MeV p beamlines) 54 18 RIB target vaults (x2) 115 79 RIB beam transport 130 66 North Area (building & beam transport) 70 0 Safety & Control 75 50 Instrumentation 236 0 Salaries 52 16 TOTAL 732 229
Thank You