Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud Datacenter Design Alex M. Hurd Clarkson Open Source Institute March 24, 2015 Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 1 / 14
Overview Datacenter Tiers Components of a Datacenter Power Data Cooling Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 2 / 14
Datacenter Tiers Datacenters may have different tiers for different parts of the infrastructure The Datacenter s overall tier is equal to the lowest tier obtained Specifications for the tiering system are located in TIA-942 Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 3 / 14
Redundancy N - Base Requirement System Meets Base Requirements Has no Redundancy N + 1 Redundancy Failure or maintenance of any single unit, module or path will not disrupt operations. N + 2 Redundancy Failure or maintenance of any two single unit, module or path will not disrupt operations. 2(N + 1) Redundancy 2 (N + 1) redundancy provides two complete N + 1 systems. In the event of a failure or maintenance of any single unit some redundancy will be maintained. Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 4 / 14
Datacenter Tier 1 Non-Redundant Components Guaranteeing 99.671% uptime Annual Downtime: 28.8 Hours Minimal Security Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 5 / 14
Datacenter Tier 2 Tier 1 Requirements Plus Redundant Server Capacity UPS, On-Site Generators N+1 Guaranteeing 99.741% uptime Annual Downtime: 22 Hours Moderate Security Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 6 / 14
Datacenter Tier 3 Tier 1 and 2 Requirements Plus Redundant Power and Network Uplinks Guaranteeing 99.982% uptime Annual Downtime: 1.6 Hours High Security Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 7 / 14
Datacenter Tier 4 Tier 1, 2, and 3 Requirements Plus Fault Tolerant Network Uplinks Fault Tolerant HVAC Entire Datacenter is Connected to Redundant Power Datacenter employs high availability IT concept (RAID, CPU Clustering, etc.) Guaranteeing 99.995% uptime Annual Downtime:.4 Hours Compartmentalized Security with Biometric Access Control Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 8 / 14
Datacenter Power Ranges from kws to tens of MWs Energy Efficiency of a Datacenter is measured as Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) PUE is a measure of the Total Facility Power / IT Equipment Power A typical US datacenter has a PUE of 2.0 New High Efficiency Datacenters have a PUE of 1.2 Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 9 / 14
ACT Datacenter Closed Loop Geothermal Cooling HVAC Dry Coolers Tornado Resistant Active-Active configuration with second datacenter 8km away Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 10 / 14
ACT Datacenter Continued Reclaimed raised flooring Aspen fiber ceiling tiles A computer room temperature of 72 degrees Fahrenheit Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 11 / 14
Data Fiber Optic lines to the datacenter take multiply paths Fiber Interconnects allow multiple provider to service COLO customers Connections can range from about 512Mbits to over 100Gbits per uplink Upwards of 5 uplinks for a single datacenter Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 12 / 14
Cooling Systems Geothermal Heating and Cooling Computer Room Air Conditioners (CRAC) - Refrigerant Base is installed in the floor, condensing units are located outside. Computer Room Air Handlers (CRAH) - Chilled water based, installed in floor, connected to outside chiller plant Humidifier - Installed with CRAH/CRAC to keep humidity within acceptable ranges Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 13 / 14
Air Flow Management Cold Isle and Hot Isle Prevent mixing of hot and cold air Alex M. Hurd (COSI) Introduction to Datacenters & the Cloud March 24, 2015 14 / 14