Bereich für Bild Efficient Buildings Plus Solar Astrid Schneider, Solar Architecture www.efficiency-from-germany.info
Latest developments in Research, Realisation and building standards for highly efficient buildings with active solar energy generation at the building shelter Astrid Schneider Solar Architecture www.efficiency-from-germany.info
Astrid Schneider - Solar Architecture Design, Research & Communication Specialized as Architect and Author on solar Architecture and Photovoltaic-Building-Integration: Solar Architecture / Design Solar Integration PV-Product Development BIPV-Research Projects Publications Solar Architecture www.efficiency-from-germany.info
Effizient House Plus Aktive Town House BNB Gold -Standard Solar Refurbishment - EnEV Latest state of the art in Research, Realization and standards www.efficiency-from-germany.info
EU-Directive for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings Directive 2010/31/EU: of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings: Nearly zero-energy building: a building that has a very high energy performance. The nearly zero or very low amount of energy required should be covered to a very significant extent by energy from renewable sources, including energy from renewable sources produced on-site or nearby. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/en/txt/?uri=celex:32010l0031
EU-Directive Nearly Zero Energy Buildings Germany = Europe aims to construct and refurbish due to EU- Directive 2010/31/EU and consecutive national laws (EnEV 2014) Nearly Zero Energy Buildings. Measures: Highest efficiency by strong insulation and heat recovery Solar energy generation at the building skin Use of environmental energy by heat pumps Life Cycle -analysis of used materials (DGNB) Construction and operation contracts for huge public buildings for about 25 30 years to allow investment in renewable energy and efficiency
kwh/m 2 a Efficiency standards for buildings in Germany in 1980-2020 Primary energy demand for heating for a semi detached house in [kwh/m 2 a] Source: BMUB Wege zum Effizienzhaus Plus 2015 www.bumb.bund.de
Solar Systems Price -68% Solar Electricity grows 35 TWh in 2014 In Germany are Photovoltaic Systems with 39 GW installed until Juli 2015. In 2014 Electricity Generation by Photovoltaic Systems = 5.8% of German Electricity Demand Source: Bundesverband Solarwirtschaft www.solarwirtschaft.de
Costs of Solar Electricity Generation Public Electricity Solar Electricity should be competitive in Mexico Source: Bundesverband Solarwirtschaft www.solarwirtschaft.de
Efficiency House Plus Complete energy demand shall be covered by Solar Generation on the south façade and the flat roof Source: BMUB Effizienzhaus Plus 2015 www.bumb.bund.de
Efficiency House Plus Energy system: PV-panels facade and roof heat pump heat recovery ventilation battery electric cars and bikes Energy Balance: panels facade Source: BMUB Effizienzhaus Plus 2015 www.bumb.bund.de
Efficiency House Plus Energy Balance Yearly Energy Balance 2012/2013: Solar generation: 13,306 kwh Energy demand: 12,400 kwh Direct self consumption: 6,555 kwh Feeding into grid: 6,751 kwh Consumption from grid: 5,800 kwh Energy Use: 47 % heating and hot water 4 % light 25 % household energy 24 % ventilation, auxiliary energy Surplus usable for electric mobility: 906 kwh Source: Fraunhofer IPB, BMUB Effizienzhaus Plus 2015 www.bumb.bund.de
Efficiency House Plus Energy rating by official labeling Source: BMUB Effizienzhaus Plus 2015 www.bumb.bund.de
Federal Ministry for Education and Research in Berlin The building received Gold Certification according to BNB / DGNB-Standard Architects: Heinle, Wischer and Partner Christian Pelzeter; Berlin Facade Planning, Sustainability, Energy Planning: Werner Sobek, Stuttgart Foto: Bernadette Grimmenstein / BMBF
Federal Ministry for Education and Research in Berlinrlin Solar Electricity is produced on the facade and at the roof Foto: Bernadette Grimmenstein / Foto Solar: BMBF SunStrom GmbH, Dresden
Federal Ministry for Education and Research in Berlin Solar Electricity Generation at the Facade alterning glass and stone - with custom sized monocrystalline Solar Modules Foto: Bernadette Grimmenstein / BMBF
Federal Ministry for Education and Research in Berlin Analysis Solar Irradiation Building Skin Gas fired fuel cell Simulation: Heinle Wischer und Partner Architekten Werner Sobeck / Foto: A. Schneider
Federal Ministry for Education and Research in Berlin Building Data: Average U-Value 0,16 (W/m²K) Transparent facade areas U-Value 0,84 (W/m²K) Glass roofs U-Value 1,70 (W/m²K) Photovoltaik-System: Capacity 115 kw p Energy Generation ca.100 000 kwh/year Companies: SunStrom GmbH, Solar World AG, GSS Gebäude Solar Systeme GmbH Energy System: Fuel Cell: 250 kw el der FuelCell Energy Solution GmbH IKTS, Absorption Chiller: 105 kw, Heat Pump: 80 kw, CHP fired with Gas: 140 kw el, Compression Chiller: 590 kw, Gas-Boiler: 400 kw Simulation: Heinle Wischer und Partner Architekten Werner Sobeck / Foto: A. Schneider
Federal Ministry for Education and Research in Berlin Energiebedarf gemäß Energieeinsparverordnung: EnEV 2009: Primärenergiebedarf 36,1 kwh/(m 2 a) Gold Certification according to BNB / DGNB-Standard Life Cycle Analysis : for building construction and energy-, airing-, and water-supply systems (KG 300 und 400 nach DIN 277) im Betrachtungszeitraum 50 Jahre für die allseitig baulich umschlossene Nettogeschossfläche: Gesamtprimärenergiebedarf PE ges 101,32 kwh/(m 2 NGFa a) Primärenergiebedarf nicht erneuerbar Pe ne 82,9 kwh/(m 2 NGFa a) Anteil erneuerbarer Primärenergiebedarf am Gesamtprimärenergiebedarf PE e 18,2% Treibhauspotenzial GWP 21,86 kg CO 2 -Äqu./(m 2 NGFa a) Simulation: Heinle Wischer und Partner Architekten Werner Sobeck / Foto: A. Schneider
Federal Ministry for Education and Research in Berlin Lessons learned: Gold-Certification = extremely efficient Such a huge building can not cover too much of it s electricity / overall energy demand with relatively small solar facade and roof areas on site Big buildings stay dependent on external renewable energy supply from the countryside Simulation: Heinle Wischer und Partner Architekten Werner Sobeck / Foto: A. Schneider
Aktiv-Stadthaus Active City Building in Frankfurt Inner city solar house designed by Manfred Hegger, HHS-Arhitects Bild: ABG Frnkfurt Holding GmbH, Frankfurt Gebäudeschnitt: HHS-Architekten
Aktiv-Stadthaus Active City Building in Frankfurt Solar Facade with Solar Cells in custom sized Glass-Glass module produced by solarnova Deutschland GmbH, Wedel / Mexico Bild:ABG Frankfurt Detailschnitt: HHS-Architekten Manfred Hegger, Kassel
Aktiv-Stadthaus Active City Building in Frankfurt Sewage Water System as Heat Source Touchpad for Energy Management Fotos: ABG Frankfurt
Active City Building in Frankfurt Final Energy Balance PV-facade Solar Generation PV Roof Solar Generation Mobility Electricity Demand Household Electricity Demand General Electricity Demand Auxiliary equipment El-Demand Hot water El. Demand Heating El. Demand (both supplied with heat pump) Solar Electricity shall cover total demand by more than 100% Source: EGS-Plan Steinbeis Transfere Zentrum, Stuttgart
Active City Building in Frankfurt Energy System Data Photovoltaic system: Sum Solar electricity production 299 MWh/a Facade: 348 PV-Modules by Solarnova GmbH each 338 Wp, size 2106 x 1300 mm, Glass-Glass-Laminates with PVB-Foil, 117,6 kw Power, Solar generation 55 MWh/a Roof: 769 Modules by Sunpower with 333 Wp, size 1569 x 1046 mm, capacity 251 kwp, Solar generation 246 MWh/a Battery: 250 kwhcapacity Heat pump: with sewage system as heat source, Hersteller Uhrig Heat Demand: Space heating demand: 18,4 kwh/m²a (average COP WP 4,8) Hot water demand: 16,8 kwh/m²a (average COP WP 3,1) Quelle Energieschema: EGS-Plan Steinbeis Transfere Zentrum, Stuttgart
Active City Building in Frankfurt Project Data New advanced Energy-Standard: EffizienzhausPlus-Standard Efficiency Plus Standard: Renewable energy production on site bigger, as demand for heating, cooling, hot water, auxiliary equipment electricity demand (ventilation) and household electricity U-Werte Gebäudehülle in (W/m 2 K) Facade 0,13 Windows 0,80 Roof 0,10 Floor 0,14 Quelle Energiedaten: EGS-Plan, Stuttgart / HHS-Architekten, Kassel
Active City Building in Frankfurt Project Partners Client: ABG FRANKFURT HOLDING GmbH Architects: HHS Planer + Architekten AG, Kassel Energy Planning: EGS-Plan Ingenieurgesellschaft für Energie-, Gebäude- und Solartechnik mbh, Stuttgart Research and Monitoring Energy data: TU Darmstadt Prof. Manfred Hegger, Darmstadt und Steinbeis Transferzentrum für Energie-, Gebäude- und Solartechnik, Stuttgart Research funded by German Federal Ministry for Construction and Environment
Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Revitalization The village Nechlin in North-East-Germany before refurbishment Foto: Astrid Schneider, Solar Architecture
Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Revitalization Energy Village Nechlin with solar facades client: Wärme für Nechlin Design Solar Systems and Facades: Astrid Schneider, Solar Architecture Foto: Astrid Schneider, Solar Architecture
Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Revitalization Nechlin as a left over Eastern German village Foto: Astrid Schneider, Solar Architecture
Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Revitalization Energy Village Nechlin with Photovoltaic roofs and facades Foto: Astrid Schneider, Solar Architecture - http://www.nechlin.de/
Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Revitalization Energy Village Nechlin with solar facades Renovation Buildings G. Krekow Design PV Systems and Facades: A. Schneider Foto: Astrid Schneider
Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Revitalization Energy Village Nechlin with solar facades client: Wärme für Nechlin Sun Tracking Mechanism Walter Mikesch, Solventure AG Foto: Astrid Schneider
Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Revitalization Energy Village Nechlin with solar facades client: Wärme für Nechlin Design Solar Systems and Facades: Astrid Schneider, Solar Architecture Foto: Astrid Schneider
Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Revitalization Energy Storage with custom sized glass-glass-modules, produced by Solarnova Deutchland GmbH Design Solar Systems and Facades: Astrid Schneider, Solar Architecture Foto: Astrid Schneider
Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Revitalization The Schnitterhaus with Solar Roofs, Shades and Solar Window Shutters Solar Design and Fotos: Astrid Schneider, Solar Architecture
Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Revitalization Solar Shading Solutions with Electricity Generation are interesting for sunny regions Astrid Schneider Solar Architecture - Client: Wärme für Nechlin GmbH
Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Revitalization Energy Village Nechlin: district heating with 100% Sun and Biomass Client: Wärme für Nechlin GmbH, District Heating by Axel Thiemann, Energosun
Conclusions: Efficiency and renewable energy are uniting forces in a new architecture, the Efficiency Plus Solar Building Passive House = Efficiency House +,Solar House =,Active House Aim: Solar Energy generated on the building skin shall supply all needs in a yearly balance Solar and other renewable electricity activates often environmental heat and cold via heat pumps Often storage and battery use for high share of direct solar energy use Electric mobility is an integral future part of such energy concepts Not autarky, but a high self supply and an optimal integration in local energy networks in an interactive smart manner is the aim
Thanks for your Attention! Astrid Schneider Solar Architecture Berlin astrid (a) astrid-schneider.de www.astrid-schneider.de www.efficiency-from-germany.info