MAPPING FUNDAMENTALS

Transcription

1 MAPPING FUNDAMENTALS COMPOSED AND PRODUCED BY : Chris Rule Permission is granted for use by anyone who acknowledges the author s name in their presentation.

2 To locate a point you need to know two things: #1 How far east or west the point is from a known reference point. #2 How far n or south the point is from a known reference point.

3 N Where is the rustler's cabin located???? The cabin is located from the reference point: N - 3 units and West - 4 units West 3N X 4W X Known point

4 Latitude Let's apply this grid system to the world...in order to locate any point on earth. Remember the world is divided at the Equator into the Nern and Southern LATITUDES. Latitude is measured in degrees from the Equator, the starting point, 0 degrees, and designated either N or South The equator is a line of latitude. The other lines of latitude are parallel to the equator, which means they are equal distant apart at all points.they never meet.

5 Latitude The lines of Latitude shown here are 0 degrees (Equator), 30 degrees, 60 degrees and the poles at 90 degrees. Always be sure to specify N or South. The equator is a line of latitude. All the lines of latitude are parallel to the equator, which means they are equal distant apart at all points.they never meet. o 3 0 SO o 6 0 SO 0 U TH o U TH 6 0 o 3 0 o 0 o N ORTH N ORTH

6 Longitude LONGITUDE is measured in degrees either East or West of the Prime Meridian which is 0 degrees of longitude. Shown here is 90 West Longituderunning through New Orleans. 60 WEST Longituderunning through South America,

7 Longitude LONGITUDE is measured in degrees either East or West of the Prime Meridian which is 0 degrees of longitude. Lines of Longitude meet at the poles. They are NOT parallel. They are widest apart at the Equator (69 miles)

8 Longitude Remember that lines of Longitude are measured in degrees East or West from the Prime Meridian until they meet at the International Date Line which is degrees from Greenwich. (the Prime Meridian)

9 To find a place exactly, you need crossing lines that create an intersection. This is a grid system. One grid system is used by mapmakers all over the world. It helps you locate any place on Earth. It is known as the LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE grid

10 75 N Let s apply what we have learned to a map of CANADA 60 N 45 N First we apply the lines of LATITUDE This is the distance N of the Equator in degrees

11 75 N Now add in the lines of LONGITUDE. 60 N This is the distance West from the Prime Meridian measured in degrees 20 W 105 W 90 W 75 West 45 N You now have a grid

12 75 N Using the Latitude and Longitude grid you can locate or describe any locatio in the world. 60 N For example let s locate the city of Prince Albert on this Map of CANADA 105 W 90 W 75 West 45 N First we will find a better map!

13 5 0 0 This map shows the city of Prince Albert a little more than 53 degrees N Latitude and a little more than 105 degrees West Longitude For a more accurate location we need a larger map.

14 Prince Albert Here we see Prince Albert is located in the grid 53 N by 105 West Let s look at the grid in finer detail 50 0

15 N minutes West minutes 1 5 se c o n d s 3 0 se c o n d s 4 5 se c o n d s seconds 30 seconds 15 seconds The city of Prince Albert is a bit N of 53 degrees yet less than 53 degrees and 15 seconds. It is West of 105 degrees and 30 minutes, but less than 45 minutes. Now let s take a closer look

16 " ' - 0" 40" 30" 20" 10" '- 0 " 50" 40" 30" 20" ' - 0" 10" '- 0 " Here you see the door of the school house is N W

17 5 0 0 Congratulations!!!!!! You were able to find a location using. Now for a quick review..

18 5 0 0 Find N To find a location on a map (in the Nern hemisphere) First look at the Latitude find the latitude in degrees usually on the right side of the map. Once you find the degrees then look how much farther n (up) to go in minutes, then look for the seconds. Draw a horizontal line across the map. This is the LATITUDE

19 5 0 0 Next look at the Longitude find the longitude in degrees usually on the top of the map. Once you find the degrees then look how much farther west or to the left (in N America) to go in minutes, then look for the seconds. Draw a vertical line down the map '' 45" 30 " 15" '' Find West

20 5 0 0And Where the LATITUDE line And the LONGITUDE line cross This is the location

21 5 0 0 You now have the basics of how LATITUDE and LONGITUDE work

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