Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 3: Basic Structures of Organisms Lesson 1: Basic Structures of Organisms

Transcription

1 Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 3: Basic Structures of Organisms Lesson 1: Basic Structures of Organisms

2 Organism A form of life that is considered as an entity; an animal, plant, fungus, protistan, or moneran.

3 Cell The smallest living parts of plants and animals. Cells are the basic unit of all living things.

4 Cellular Respiration The process by which cells break down sugar and oxygen to release energy, water, and carbon dioxide.

5 Membrane A thin, pliable sheet or layer of animal or vegetable tissue, serving to line an organ, connect parts, etc.

6 Organelle A specialized part of a cell having some specific functions; a cell organ.

7 Cytoplasm A gel-like fluid that contains the cell s parts. It lies between the nucleus and the cell membrane.

8 Ribosome Organelles that begin the process of making proteins in a cell.

9 Nucleus Directs the cell s activities. It stores information that will be passed on to new cells.

10 Vacuole It is surrounded by a membrane and contains fluid. It stores water and nutrients. It may also help the cell digest food.

11 Mitochondria Organelles that changes the chemical energy of food into a form that the cell can use.

12 Tissue A group of the same kind of cells that work together to do a job.

13 Organs A group of different tissues that join together to form one structure.

14 Nutrients Something that provides nourishment or nutrients.

15 Circulatory The system of the body that transports nutrients and oxygen to cells and carries away cell wastes.

16 Respiratory The system of the body that takes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.

17 Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 3: Basic Structures of Organisms Lesson 2: How Do Materials Move Through Plants?

18 Vascular Describes the system of tubes in certain plants that transports water and minerals. It is made up of two kinds of tissues called the xylem and the phloem.

19 Xylem Tubes that carry water and minerals from a plant s roots to its leaves.

20 Phloem Tubes that carry sugar from a plant s leaves to the rest of the plant.

21 Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 3: Basic Structures of Organisms Lesson 3: How Do Cells Get and Use Energy?

22 Chlorophyll A green substance that allows plants to make their own food.

23 Chloroplast A structure in plant cells that stores chlorophyll.

24 Photosynthesis The process by which plants use water, carbon dioxide, and energy from sunlight to produce oxygen and sugar.

25 Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 4: Human Body Systems Lesson 1: How Does Blood Circulate?

26 Arteries Blood vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart to other parts of the body.

27 Capillary The smallest kind of blood vessels.

28 Veins A blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart.

29 Atrium Two upper chambers of each side of the heart that receive blood from the veins and in turn force it into the ventricles.

30 Ventricles Either of the two lower chambers on each side of the heart that receive blood from the atrium and in turn force it into the arteries.

31 Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 4: Human Body Systems Lesson 2: What is the Respiratory System?

32 Sinus One of the hollow cavities in the skull connecting with the nasal cavities.

33 Mucus A sticky, thick fluid that helps trap dust and germs.

34 Larynx Air moves from the sinus to the back of the throat and into the larynx. It contains the vocal cords.

35 Trachea The tube that carries air from the larynx to the lungs.

36 Bronchioles A small tube in the lungs that carries air to the air sacs.

37 Air Sacs The thin walled sacs in the lungs where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves the blood.

38 Diaphragm The muscle below your lungs that contracts to let air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out of them.

39 Inhale: Oxygen

40 Exhale: Carbon Dioxide

41 Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 4: Human Body Systems Lesson 3: What Are the Digestive and the Urinary Systems?

42 Digestion A process that changes food into forms that the body can use.

43 Esophagus A tube that carries food to the stomach.

44 Small Intestine A narrow, winding tube that receives digested food from the stomach.

45 Large Intestine A wider tube connected to the small intestine that removes water from undigested food and stores the waste until it is removed from the body.

46 Bladder A sac that collects and stores urine formed by the kidneys.

47 Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 3: Basic Structures of Organisms Lesson 1: Basic Structures of Organisms

48 An Organism is a form of life that is considered as an entity; an animal, plant, fungus, protistan or moneran. What is an organism? An organism is any form of, such as an, a plant, or fungus.

49 A cell is the smallest living parts of plants and animals. Cells are the basic unit of all living things. What is the basic unit of all living things? An is the basic unit of all things.

50 Cellular Respiration is the process by which cells break down sugar and oxygen to release energy, water, and carbon dioxide. Explain what occurs during cellular respiration. Sugar CELLS Oxygen Energy Water Carbon Dioxide Cells break down and to release,, and.

51 A Membrane is a thin, pliable sheet or layer of animal or vegetable tissue, serving to line an organ, connect parts, etc. What is a cell membrane? A cell membrane is a layer of or tissue that lines an organ. Predict if a cell could survive without a cell membrane? Based on the fact that a cell membrane controls materials going in and out of a cell, I predict that a cell (will/will not) survive without a membrane.

52 An Organelle is a specialized part of a cell having some specific functions; a cell organ. What is an organelle? An organelle is part of a that has a specific function. The nucleus,, and are 3 organelles of a cell.

53 Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid that contains the cell s parts. It lies between the nucleus and the cell membrane. Where in a cell is the cytoplasm located? The cytoplasm is located between the and the. What is a cytoplasm? A cytoplasm is a fluid that contains the parts.

54 Ribosomes are organelles that begin the process of making proteins in a cell. What are ribosomes? Where do you find ribosomes? Ribosomes the process of making. You can find in an animal or plant cell.

55 The Nucleus Directs the cell s activities. It stores information that will be passed on to new cells. What does the nucleus do? The nucleus the cell s. How does the nucleus help new cells? The nucleus stores that will be passed on to cells.

56 A Vacuole is surrounded by a membrane and contains fluid. It stores water and nutrients. It may also help the cell digest food. Where in the cell is the vacuole located? The vacuole is surrounded by the and contains. What are 2 functions of the vacuole? The vacuole stores and, as well as helps the cell food.

57 The Mitochondria are the organelles that change the chemical energy of food into a form that the cell can use. What is the mitochondria purpose in a cell? The mitochondria changes the energy of into a form that the cell can use.

58 Tissues are a group of the same kind of cells that work together to do a job. What does the picture show? Tissues work with the kind of cells that work to do a job. For example, muscle cells make up tissue, while nerve cells make up tissue.

59 Organs are a group of different tissues that join together to form one structure. What is an organ? Organs are a group of tissue that together to form one structure. For example, your heart,, and are organs because they work together to do a main job in your body.

60 Nutrients are something that provides nourishments or nutrients. What are some examples of nutrients? and are examples of nutrients. To be useful, from foods must be carried to the body s cells in the circulatory system.

61 Circulatory system transports nutrients and oxygen to cells and carries away wastes. What is the job of the circulatory system? The circulatory system transports and to cells and carries away.

62 Respiratory system takes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. What is the job of the respiratory system? The respiratory system takes in and removes.

63 Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 3: Basic Structures of Organisms Lesson 2: How Do Materials Move Through Plants?

64 Vascular system is system of tubes in certain plants that transports water and minerals. It is made up of two kinds of tissues called the xylem and phloem. What is the job of the vascular system? The vascular system transports and. Describe the vascular system. The vascular system can be found in certain and is made up of two kinds of tissues called the and the.

65 Xylem tubes carry water and minerals from a plant s root to its leaves. How do xylem tubes help a plant? Xylem tubes carry and minerals from a plant s to its

66 Phloem tubes carry sugar from a plant s leaves to the rest of the plant. How do phloem tubes help a plant? Phloem tubes carry from a plant s to the rest of the plant.

67 Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 3: Basic Structures of Organisms Lesson 3: How Do Cells Get and Use Energy?

68 Chlorophyll is a green substance that allows plants to make their own food. Chlorophyll comes from chloro which means greenish, and phyll meaning leaf. Chlorophyll is a substance that allows to make their own food.

69 Chloroplast is a structure in plant cells that store chlorophyll. What does the picture show? The picture shows which is a structure in cells that store chlorophyll. Do animal cells have chloroplast? Explain. Animals have chloroplast because they can t make their own.

70 Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use water, carbon dioxide, and energy from the sunlight to produce oxygen and sugar. Describe photosynthesis. Plants use, carbon dioxide, and from the Sun to make and sugar. Carbon Dioxide Water Sun Energy Chlorophyll Oxygen

71 Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 4: Human Body Systems Lesson 1: How Does Blood Circulate?

72 Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart to other parts of the body. What are arteries? Arteries are vessels that carry blood from the heart to other parts of the body. Arteries are part of the system.

73 A Capillary is the smallest kind of blood vessels. What is a capillary? A capillary is the smallest kind of vessels. Capillaries are part of the system.

74 Veins are blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart. What are veins? Veins are vessels that carry blood the heart. Veins are part of the system.

75 The Atrium is the two upper chambers of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the ventricles (lower part of the heart). Where is the atrium located? The atrium is located in the part of the heart. The atrium receives from the and forces it into the ventricles. What is the atrium s function?

76 Ventricles are the two lower chambers on each side of the heart that receive blood from the atrium and then forces it into the arteries. Where are the ventricles located? The ventricles are located in the part of the heart. What is the ventricles' function? The ventricles receive from the and forces it into the arteries.

77 Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 4: Human Body Systems Lesson 2: What is the Respiratory System?

78 Sinuses are hollow cavities in the skull that connect the nasal cavities. What are sinuses? Sinuses connect nasal cavities to help you. Sinuses are part of the system.

79 Mucus is a sticky, thick fluid that helps trap dust and germs. What is mucus? Mucus is a sticky, thick that helps trap and germs. Mucus is part of the system.

80 In the Larynx, air moves from the sinus to the back of the throat and into the larynx. Explain how air travels to the larynx. First, mucus helps the nose trap and germs. Next, air moves from the to the back of the throat. Then the air goes into the. The larynx is part of the system.

81 The Trachea is the tube that carries air from the larynx to the lungs. What is the trachea? The trachea is a tube that carries from the to the lungs. The trachea is part of the system.

82 Bronchioles are small tubes in the lungs that carry air to the air sacs. What are bronchioles? Bronchioles carry to the air sacs. Bronchioles are part of the system.

83 Air Sacs are thin walled sacs in the lungs where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves the blood. What are air sacs? Air sacs are sacs in the lungs where enters the blood and carbon dioxide the blood. Air sacs are part of the system.

84 A Diaphragm is the muscle below your lungs that contracts to let air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out of them. What is a diaphragm? A diaphragm contracts to let air into the lungs and relaxes to air out of them.

85 Inhale: Oxygen What happens when a person inhales? A person oxygen.

86 Exhale: Carbon Dioxide What happens when a person exhales? A person carbon dioxide.

87 Grade 5 Science Unit B: Life Science Chapter 4: Human Body Systems Lesson 3: What Are the Digestive and the Urinary Systems?

88 Digestion is a process that changes food into forms that the body can use. What is the digestive system? The digestive system is a process that changes into forms that the body can.

89 The Esophagus is a tube that carries food to the stomach. What is an esophagus? The esophagus carries food from the mouth to the. The esophagus is part of the system.

90 The Small Intestine is a narrow tube that receives digested food from the stomach. What is function of the small intestine? The small intestine receives food from the Food is chewed in the mouth Food carried through the esophagus The small intestine is part of the system.

91 The Large Intestine is a wider tube connected to the small intestine that removes water from undigested food and stores the waste until it is removed from the body. What is function of the large intestine? The large intestine receives undigested food from the Food is chewed in the mouth Food carried through the esophagus to the stomach Small intestine receives food from the stomach The large intestine is part of the system.

92 The Bladder is a sac that collects and stores urine formed by the kidneys. What is function of the bladder? The bladder and urine formed by the kidneys.