Production Planning and Control

Transcription

1 Production Planning and Control School of Engineering The University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 1

2 Agenda Details of PPC course Introduction to PPC/Operation Management Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 2

3 Course Description อ งค ป ระก อ บ ข อ งก ารผล ต ใน ก จก รรม อ ต ส าห ก าร ก ารค วบ ค ม ค ณ ภ าพ แล ะป ร ม าณ รวม ท งราค าแล ะม าต รฐาน ท ต อ งก าร ก ารเล อ ก ท าเล ท ต งข อ งโรงงาน ก ระบ วน ก ารท ใช ใน ก ารผล ต ก ารค าด ก ารณ ใน อ น าค ต ก ารว เค ราะห ต ล าด ก ารค วบ ค ม ส น ค าค งค ล ง ก ารจ ด ล าด บ ก ารผล ต ก ารว เค ราะห เพ ร ท ซ พ เอ ม (project management) Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 3

4 รายละเอ ยด ข อ งคะแน น ค ะแ น น เก บ ระห ว างภ าค 25 ค ะแ น น Class Attendance 5 ค ะแ น น Assignment 10 ค ะแ น น Report 10 ค ะแ น น ค ะแ น น ส อ บ ก ล างภ าค 35 ค ะแ น น ค ะแ น น ส อ บ ไล 40 ค ะแ น น Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 4

5 ต าราป ระก อ บ ก ารเร ยน ก ารส อ น ตำ าราห ล ก ใน ก ารเร ย น Slide Handout William J. Stevenson, Production Operations Management, seventh edition, 2002 ตำ าราอ างอ งใน ก ารเร ย น ภ าษ าไท ย (In Thai) : รศ.ดร.ว ช ย แห ว น เพ ช ร, การว างแผน และคว บ ค ม การผล ต, 2543 ภ าษ าอ งกฤษ (In English) : Richard B. Chase, Nicholas J. Aquilano, F. Robert Jacobs, Operations Management for Competitive Advantage, ninth edition Steven Nahmias, Production and Operations Analysis, fourth edition Seetharama L. Narasimhan, Dennis W. CmLeavey, Perter J. Billington, Production Planning and Inventory Control, second edition Lee J. Krajewski, Larry P. Ritzman, Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, fifth edition Jay Heizer, Barry Render, Operations Management, sixth edition Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 5

6 ก ารเข าเร ย น เช ค ช อ ก ารเข าเร ยน ท ก ค ร ง ก ารเข าเร ยน ม ผล ต อ ค ะแน น เก บ ก ารเข าเร ยน ก ารเข าเร ยน ม ผล ต อ ก ารส งงาน ภ ายใน ช วโม ง ซ งน น ห ม ายถ งม ผล ต อ ค ะแน น Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 6

7 Production Planning and Control 1 School of Engineering The University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 7

8 Introduction School of Engineering The University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 8

9 Introduction Operations management is the management of process or systems that create goods and/or provide services. It encompasses Forecasting Capacity planning Scheduling managing inventories Assuring quality Motivating employees Deciding where to locate facilities more Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 9

10 Why are we here? OM/PPC activities are at the core of all business organizations. 50% or more of all jobs are in OM/PPC related areas. Activities in all of the other areas of business organizations are all interrelated with OM/PPC activities. Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 10

11 Functions within business organizations organization Finance Operations Marketing Operations Finance Marketing Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 11

12 Operations Operations function consists of all activities directly related to producing goods or providing services. The operations function is the core of most business organizations. The essence of operations function is to add value during the transformation process Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 12

13 Finance Comprises activities related to securing resources at favorable prices and allocating those resources throughout the organization. Budgeting. Budgets must be periodically prepared to plan financial requirements. Economic analysis of investment proposals. Evaluation of alternative investments in plant and equipment requires inputs from both operations and finance people. Provision of funds. The necessary funding of operations and the amount and timing of funding can be important and even critical when funds are tight. Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 13

14 Marketing M arketin g s focus is o n se lling and/or promoting the goods or services of an organization. Mkt is also responsible for assessing customer wants and needs and for communicating those to operations people and to design people. purchasing Accounting distribution Industrial engineering operation maintenance Public relations MIS personnel Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 14

15 Differentiating features of operations systems Degree of standardization Standardized output Goods: radios, televisions, computers, newspapers Services: automatic car washes, taped lectures, commercial airline service Customized output Goods: eyeglasses, custom-fitted clothes, window glass Services: tailoring, taxi rides, surgery Type of operation Production of goods versus service operations Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 15

16 Production of goods versus service operations Customer contact Uniformity of input Labor content of jobs Uniformity of output Measurement of productivity Simultaneous production and delivery Quality assurance Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 16

17 Operations Manager and Decision Making Models Quantitative approaches Analysis of trade-off Establishing priorities Ethics Work safety, product safety, quality, the environment, the community, hiring and firing workers, closing facilities, w orkers rig hts Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 17

18 The historical evolution of operations management The industrial revolution Scientific management The human relations movement Decision models and management science The influence of Japanese manufacturers Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 18

19 Trends in Business Recent Trends The Internet and e-business Supply Chain Management Continuing Trends Quality and process improvement Technology Globalization Operations strategy Environmental issues Corporate downsizing Lean production: system that uses minimal amounts of resources to produce a high volume of high quality goods with some variety Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 19

20 Case: Wegmans Food Markets Premier grocery chains Employs over 28,000 people Strong reputation for offering its customers high product quality and excellence service Do market research, trial and error, listening to its customers Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 20

21 Case: Wegmans Food Markets Superstore Giant 100,000 square foot (double or triple size of average supermarkets) checkout lanes Fish section, bakery section, film processing, pharmacy, a card shop, video rentals, flora shops, bulk food department Produce department Replenished 12 times a day Farm to market Meat department Full service butcher shop Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 21

22 Case: Wegmans Food Markets Ordering Each department handles its own ordering For seasonal periods, managers often check scanner records to learn what past demand was during a comparable period Typically receive one truckload of goods per day from main warehouse, peak periods, may receive two truckload Inventory management Departments take a monthly inventory count to verify the amount shown in the companywide system Department receive a periodic report indicating how many days of inventory the department has on hand. Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 22

23 Case: Wegmans Food Markets Employees Recognizes the value of good employees. Invest on employees to train each new employee Learn the importance of good customer service and how to provide it Employees are helpful, cheerfully answering customer questions or handling complaints. Employees are motivated through a combination of compensation, profit sharing, and benefits. Quality Private label food item Managers are responsible for checking and maintaining product and service quality in their department Employees are encouraged to report problems to managers. The customers is offered a choice of a replacement or refund. If the item is a Wegmans brand food item, it is then sent to the test kitchen to determine the cause of the problem Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 23

24 Discussion Briefly describe the term PPC and operation management Identify some of the current trends in PPC and relate them to recent new items or to personal experience. Why are services important? Why is manufacturing important? Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 24

25 Discussion How do customers judge the quality of a supermarket? Indicate how and why each of these factors is important to the successful operation of a supermarket: Customer satisfaction Forecasting Capacity planning Location Inventory management Layout of the store Scheduling Production Planning and Control UTCC Page 25