Proposed manufacturing unit for production of food preservatives

Transcription

1 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Baseline Study Period March to May 2018 Proposed manufacturing unit for production of food preservatives At Plot No E - 73, Additional Patalganga MIDC, Tal. Panvel, Dist. Raigad, and Maharashtra. Fine Organic Industries Limited ENVIRONMENT CONSULTANT AND LABORATORY MITCON CONSULTANCY AND ENGINEERING SERVICES LTD. Environment Management and Engineering Division (NABET accredited consultant organization) Agriculture Campus, Shivajinagar, Pune , Tel /407 EME/CS/FOIL/ /101/ R00 Date: 25/10/2018 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

2 CONTENTS DECLARATION BY EXPERTS INVOLVED IN PREPARATION OF EIA REPORT... A TOR COMPLIANCE... I CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION PURPOSE OF THE REPORT IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT EIA CONSULTANT BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT Nature and size of the project Location of the project IMPORTANCE TO COUNTRY REGION APPLICABLE ENVIRONMENTAL ACTS & RULES CHRONOLOGY OF THE PROJECT OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF STUDY The steps of EIA CONCLUSION CHAPTER II: PROJECT DESCRIPTION PROJECT LOCATION Description of the Site SIZE AND MAGNITUDE OF THE PROJECT OPERATION PROJECT DESCRIPTION WITH PROCESSES DETAILS RESOURCE REQUIREMENT Chemical Requirement Product Details Power requirement Fuel Water requirement Man Power Requirement Utilities Details List of Machinery and Equipment s ENVIRONMENT ASPECTS SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF THE FEASIBILITY DRAWING ON INFORMATION OF EIA PURPOSE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE PROCESS CHRONOLOGY PROJECT COST ESTIMATE CONCLUSION CHAPTER III: DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS STUDY PERIOD FREQUENCY OF MONITORING STUDY AREA PHYSIOGRAPHY Geology Hydrology i MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

3 3.5.3 Topography LAND USE PATTERN Land Cover of the study area SEISMOLOGY CLIMATIC CONDITION & METEOROLOGY Methodology Average Meteorological Condition (Source: IMD) Temperature Relative Humidity Precipitation Wind Speed and Wind Direction AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT NOISE MONITORING WATER QUALITY Surface Water Ground water sampling location & Frequency SOIL ENVIRONMENT ECOLOGY BIODIVERSITY Flora Faunal Studies Cropping Pattern SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT Demography of the Taluka Health Status Cultural and aesthetic attributes Infrastructure resource base EXISTING INDUSTRIES IN THE STUDY AREA CONCLUSION CHAPTER IV: IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES IDENTIFICATION OF THE IMPACTS IMPACT IDENTIFICATION During construction and commissioning phase During operation phase IMPACT ASSESSMENT MATRIX Conclusion of impact matrix assessment SUMMARY OF ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES CONCLUSION CHAPTER V: ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS SITE SELECTION TECHNOLOGY ALTERNATIVES CONCLUSION CHAPTER VI: ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM IMPORTANCE OF POST ENVIRONMENT MONITORING ENVIRONMENT ASPECTS TO BE MONITORED Ambient Air and Stack Monitoring Water and waste water quality Soil and Solid/ Hazardous Waste MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. ii

4 6.2.4 Noise monitoring Occupational health and safety ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN Environmental Monitoring During Project Construction Stage Monitoring during Operational Phase Monitoring methodologies REPORTING AND DOCUMENTATION FORMULATION OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL (EMC) BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CONCLUSION CHAPTER VII: ADDITIONAL STUDIES PUBLIC CONSULTATION REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT PLAN (R & R PLAN) RISK ASSESSMENT & HAZOP STUDY Scope of work Methodology Site activity Identification of Hazards Relative ranking Mond Index Compatibility /Reactivity Hazard Transformation hazards Preliminary Hazard Analysis HAZOP Study Identified Hazards Consequence Analysis Frequency Analysis Impact Assessment Thermal Radiation Impact Risk estimation Societal Risk CONCLUSION CHAPTER VIII: PROJECT BENEFITS PROPONENT APPROACH TOWARDS THE PROJECT PROJECT BENEFITS SOCIAL BENEFITS CHAPTER IX: ENVIRONMENT COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS CONCLUSION CHAPTER X: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN INTRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE Site preparation Noise Construction equipment and waste Site security iii MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

5 10.3 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR OPERATION PHASE Air Pollution Management Noise Pollution Management Water and Waste Water Management Solid hazardous waste management Greenbelt Development Rainwater Harvesting Plan Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Socioeconomic Development ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL (EMC) POST CLEARANCE MONITORING PROTOCOL ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT COST CONCLUSION CHAPTER XI: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT PROJECT DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ADDITIONAL STUDIES PROJECT AND ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP): CONCLUSION CHAPTER XII: DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT BACKGROUND OF THE ORGANIZATION ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND ENGINEERING DIVISION (EME) NABET ACCREDITATION KEY PERSONNEL S ENGAGED IN PREPARATION OF EIA REPORT Table Table No Chronology of the environmental clearance process... 6 Table No EIA Structure... 8 Table No Area statement Table No Magnitude of project operation Table No Major Raw materials and its storage & Mode of Transportation Table No Details of product and its storage Table No Fuel Consumption Table No Water Balance Table No List of Machinery and equipment s Table No Summary of anticipated waste emissions and its disposal Table No Environment Management Cost Table No Environmental Parameter & Frequency of Monitoring MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. iv

6 Table No Environmental Setting Table No Land use land cover statistics of the study area Table No Average of meteorological data Table No Average of the site-specific meteorological data (March 18 to May 18) Table No Methodology for AAQM Table No Air sampling locations Table No Ambient Air analysis results Table No Noise Level Monitoring Locations Table No Results of noise monitoring half day Table No Surface water sampling locations Table No Ground water sampling locations Table No Results of surface water sampling Table No Results of ground water sampling Table No Soil sampling locations Table No Results of soil sampling Table No Ecological Sampling Location Table No List of species recorded in the study area during the Study Table No List of Trees, Shrub, Climber, and Herbs reported at Karnala WLS Table No Faunal species observed during field visit Table No Ave species observed during field visit Table No Birds reported in the Karnala Wild Life Sanctuary Table No Checklist of Prominent Mammals in the Study Area Table No Major Crops of the region Table No Village s wise demography at a glance within 10 km Study Area Table No Environmental parameter for impact identification Table No Construction and commissioning phase impact matrix Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for land environment.. 90 Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for air environment Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for noise environment 91 Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for water environment 92 Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for Ecological environment 93 Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for social environment 94 Table No Operation phase impact matrix impact assessment Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for Soil environment.. 96 Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for Air Environment Table No Stack height details Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors on Noise Environment Table No Composition of waste water generated Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for Water Environment Table No Identification of impacts & mitigation measures for Ecological environment Table No Identification of impacts & mitigation measures for socio-economic environment Table No Impact Matrix of Proposed Project v MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

7 Table No Impacts and mitigation measures Table No Environmental monitoring during project- Construction Stage Table No Environmental monitoring schedule during Operation Table No Methodology of environmental monitoring Table No List of Products for Environmental Clearance Table No Hazardous Waste Table No Inventory Table No Inventory Level (Tank Farm) Table No Flammability Hazards (Top Five) Table No Toxicity Hazards (Top Five) Table No Reactivity Hazards (Top Five) Table No Applicability of MSIHC Rules Table No Dow F & E index Table No Mond Index Table No Compatibility /Reactivity Hazard Chart Table No Transformation If any which could occur Table No Table 7.13: Nodes of HAZOP Study Table No Top Ten Identified Hazards Table No Down Wind Affect Distance Table No Down Wind Affect Distance Table No Event Failure Frequency Table No Fatal Thermal Radiation Exposure Levels Table No Effects of Thermal radiation on unprotected skin Table No Effect of Blast Pressure Wave Table No Individual Fatality Criteria Table No Individual Risk Results* Table No Utility emission Table No Fugitive emissions Table No Solid waste generation and disposal Table No Planned Schedule for greenbelt development Table No List of Plant Species for Plantations Table No Incremental Run off due to project development Table No CER Activity Action Plan Table No Environment Monitoring Cell and its responsibilities Table No EMP implementation phases during Construction Table No EMP implementation phases during Operation Table No EMP Cost Bifurcation Table No Project description in brief Table No Frequency of primary data collection and its results Table No Experts engaged in the Figure Figure No Location of Project Figure No Google Image with Geo-graphical coordinates Figure No Plant Layout Figure No Photographs of proposed project site MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. vi

8 Figure No Manufacturing flow chart of calcium propionate/ calcium acetate / sodium propionate/potassium propionate by spray drying method Figure No Mass balance of calcium propionate (CP) Figure No Mass balance of sodium propionate (SP) Figure No Mass balance of calcium acetate (CA) Figure No Mass balance of potassium propionate (PP) Figure No Calcium Propionate Manufacturing Process by mixing process Figure No Toposheet of the 10 km Study Area Figure No Satellite Image of the study area Figure No Drainage map of the study area Figure No Digital elevation of 10 km study area Figure No Land Use Land cover of 10 km study area Figure No Seismic zone map Figure No Wind rose diagram and Frequency class distribution for the period March to May Figure No Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations Figure No Noise sampling Locations Figure No Surface and ground water sampling Locations Figure No Soil sampling location Results Figure No Glimpses of Karnala Wild Life Sanctuary Figure No Photographs during baseline data collection Figure No Spatial distribution of 24-hour average SO2 conc. (g/m3) Figure No Spatial distribution of 24-hour average NO2conc. (g/m3) Figure No ETP-STP hydraulic flow diagram Figure No Environment Management Cell Figure No Event Tree Figure No Marplot: Vulnerable Zone: Acetic acid release Figure No Marplot: Vulnerable zone: Acetic acid release Figure No Marplot: Vulnerable Zone: Propionic Acid Release Figure No Marplot: Vulnerable Zone: Acetic Acid Pool Fire Figure No Marplot: Vulnerable Zone: Propionic Acid Pool Fire Figure No Marplot: Vulnerable Zone: Acetic acid Pool fire Figure No Disaster Management Plan Figure No Rainwater harvesting and storm water drainage plan Figure No Environment Monitoring Cell Figure No Manufacturing flow chart of Calcium Propionate/ Calcium Acetate / Sodium Propionate by spray drying method Figure No Manufacturing flow chart of Calcium Propionate/ Calcium Acetate / Sodium Propionate by mixing method vii MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

9 List of Annexures Annexure No. Annexure I Annexure II Annexure III Annexure IV Annexure V Annexure VI Annexure VII Name ToR letter MIDC Land transfer letter MSDS Wild life sanctuary map NBWL application copy QRA and HAZOP study report Correspondence with MOEFCC 1. Public hearing exemption clarification letter submission 2. Addition of product keeping same total production capacity+ project Title change intimation to EAC MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. viii

10 DECLARATION BY EXPERTS INVOLVED IN PREPARATION OF EIA REPORT Proposed manufacturing unit for production of Food Preservatives at Plot no E - 73, Additional Patalganga MIDC, Dist Raigad, Maharashtra, India. I, hereby certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA. EIA Coordinator Signature & Date: Name : Mr. Sanjay Shevkar Period of involvement Contact information Functional Area Experts S. No. Name of the expert/s 1. Dr. Sandeep Jadhav : December 2017 to till date : MITCON Consultancy and Engineering Services Ltd. Environment Management & Engineering Division Agriculture College Campus, Next to DIC office, Shivaji Nagar, Pune , Maharashtra (India) Tel: Fax No mitconenviro@gmail.com Functional Area Involvement (Period & Task) Signature & Date EB & SC December 2017 to till date, Baseline Survey & preparation of EIA EMP report Study of flora and fauna in the 10 km area/ Interpretation of observations, identification of impact and proposing mitigation measures, preparation of green belt development plan and formulation of EMP. Soil study and data interpretation of laboratory results. Impact predictions and suggesting of mitigation measures. A MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

11 S. No. Name of the expert/s 2. Mr. Shrikant Kakade 3. Mr. Sanjay Shevkar 4. Dr. Hemangi N. Nalavade 5. Mr. Sunil Natu 6. Mr. Nikhil Chavan Functional Area Involvement (Period & Task) Signature & Date EB and Assisting in WP AP,WP AQ, SHW NV FAA- AP, WP December 2017 to till date to till date, Baseline Survey & preparation of EIA EMP Study of flora and fauna in the 10 km area/ Interpretation of observations, identification of impact and proposing mitigation measures, preparation of green belt development plan and formulation of EMP. Writing, inputs Water & social aspects. December 2017 to till date Identification of air and wastewater sources, emission generation, observations, identification of impact if any and proposing mitigation measures Jan 2018 to till date Study of air pollution sources, meteorological condition, air quality modeling. Solid waste generation and it sources, observations, identification of impact, data interpretation and proposing mitigation measures. Jan 2018 to till date Identification of Noise Pollution, identification of impact if any and proposing mitigation measures March 2018 to till date Assisting to AP and WP 7. Mr. Ganesh Khamgal 8. Dr. Nitin Karmalkar 9. Ananat Gadre SE HG & GEO LU January 2018 to till date Data collection, interpretation and impact assessment.. January 2018 to till date Baseline Survey, Interpretation of data. January 2018 to till date Baseline Survey, Report Preparation with respect to impact assessment due to proposed project. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. B

12 S. No. 10. Name of the expert/s Mr. Chetan Patil 11. Mr. Aniket Taware Functional Area Involvement (Period & Task) Signature & Date ISW RH January 2018 to till date Baseline Survey, Report Preparation with respect to impact assessment due to proposed April 2018 to till date Assisting in Risk assessment and its report preparation Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization I, Dr. Sandeep Jadhav (Executive Vice President & Head, EME Division) hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts involved in Environmental Impact Assessment of Proposed manufacturing unit for production of Food Preservatives at Plot no E - 73, Additional Patalganga MIDC, Dist Raigad, Maharashtra, India. I also confirm that I shall be fully accountable for any misleading information mentioned in this statement Signature: Name Designation EIA Consultant Organization Dr. Sandeep Jadhav Executive Vice President & Head, EME Division MITCON Consultancy and Engineering Services Ltd C MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

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14 ToR Compliance ToR Letter No. IA - J-11011/47/2018-IA-II (I) Dated 22 Mar 2018 A. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE Sr. Awarded ToR s Compliance No. 1. Executive Summary It is attached as a separate chapter to the EIA/ EMP report. Chapter No. 11 Summary and Conclusion 2. Introduction i. Details of the EIA Consultant Mitcon Consultancy and Engineering Services including NABET accreditation Ltd., is a NABET accredited consultant ii. Information about the project proponent iii. Importance and benefits of the project 3. Project Description i. Cost of project and time of completion. ii. Products with capacities for the proposed project. iii. If expansion project, details of existing products with capacities and whether adequate land is available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any. iv. List of raw materials required and their source along with mode of transportation. organization A (NABET/EIA/1720/RA0075). Refer Chapter No. 1 Section 1.2 Identification of project & project proponent Please refer Chapter No. 1, Section 1.5 Importance to country region and Chapter No. 8 Project Benefits Cost : Approx Cr. Completion Period : 12 months from date of grant of Environmental clearance For details Please refer Chapter No.2 Section Product Details Sr. No. Name Of Products Batch Size MT Capacity MTPA Spray Drying method 1.1 Calcium Propionate and/or Sodium Propionate and /or , Calcium acetate Potassium propionate Mixing method 2.1 Calcium Propionate ,000 TOTAL Not Applicable Please refer Chapter No. 2 Section 2.4 Resource Requirement, Sub Section Chemical Requirement Table No Major Raw materials and its storage & transportation I MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

15 Sr. No. Awarded ToR s v. Other chemicals and materials required with quantities and storage capacities vi. Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous waste generation and their management. vii. Requirement of water, power, with source of supply, status of approval, water balance diagram, man-power requirement (regular and contract) viii. Process description along with major equipment s and machineries, process flow sheet (quantitative) from raw material to products to be provided ix. Hazard identification and details of proposed safety systems. Expansion/modernization proposals: a. Copy of all the Environmental Not Applicable Clearance(s) including Amendments thereto obtained for the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the Compliance Please refer Chapter No. 2 Section 2.4 Resource Requirement, Sub Section Chemical Requirement Particulate Matter (PM), SO2 & NOx are main pollutants being/to be emitted from stacks (3 Thermopac with adequate 39.5 m stack height each) Total effluent generation will be CMD; out of that 70 CMD will be recycled in the process. Other domestic effluent and process, lab effluent will be treated in proposed ETP of 5 CMD capacity Water Requirement : The total water requirement is about 220 CMD for domestic, process, cooling and gardening purpose (Source MIDC) Power : 2000 kva (Source MSEDCL grid) Man Power : During Construction: 50 to 60 Nos. During Operation: 80 Nos. For Please refer Chapter No. 2 Section 2.4 Resource Requirement, Sub Section to Please refer Chapter No. 2 Section 2.3 Project Description with Processes Details Please Refer QRA and HAZOP Study MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. II

16 Sr. Awarded ToR s No. status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing /existing operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIA-EMP report. b. In case the existing project has not obtained environmental clearance, reasons for not taking EC under the provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/ No Objection Certificate and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY ) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted. 4. Site Details i. Location of the project site covering village, Taluka/ Tehsil, District and State, Justification for selecting the site, whether other sites were considered. ii. A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10 km and site location on 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco-sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places) Not Applicable Compliance Please refer Chapter No. 1 Section 1.4 Brief Description of the Project Sub Section Nature and size of the project & Location of the project Map of study area of 10 km radius marked on Toposheet is given in Chapter No. 3, Figure No. 3.1 Environmental Setting Refer Table No Environmental Setting III MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

17 Sr. No. Awarded ToR s iii. Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection of site iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of the site. v. Google map-earth downloaded of the project site. vi. Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as proposed unit indicating storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located within an Industrial area/estate/complex, layout of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/estate. vii. Photographs of the proposed and existing (if applicable) plant site. If existing, show photographs of plantation/greenbelt, in particular. viii. Land use break-up of total land of the project site (identified and acquired), government/ private - agricultural, forest, wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc shall be included. (not required for industrial area) ix. A list of major industries with name and type within study area (10 km radius) shall be incorporated. Land use details of the study area x. Geological features and Geohydrological status of the study area shall be included. Compliance Analysis for selection of site information is given in Chapter No. 5 Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all corners of the site are A: N, E B: N, E C: N, E D: N, E Please refer Chapter No. 3 Figure No. 3.2 Satellite Image of the Study Area Please refer Chapter No. 2 Figure No Plant Layout Please refer Chapter No. 2 Figure No Photographs of proposed project site Please refer Chapter No. 3 Section 3.6 Land Use Pattern Land Cover of the study area Refer Chapter No. 3, Section 3.15 Existing Industries In The Study Area Please Refer Chapter No. 3, Section 3.5 Physiology MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. IV

18 Sr. No. Awarded ToR s xi. Details of Drainage of the project up to 5km radius of study area. If the site is within 1 km radius of any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects) xii. Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not complete, stage of the acquisition process and expected time of complete possession of the land. xiii. R&R details in respect of land in line with state Government policy 5. Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable) i. Permission and approval for the use of forest land (forestry clearance), if any, and recommendations of the State Forest Department. (if applicable) ii. Landuse map based on High resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site delineating the forestland (in case of projects involving forest land more than 40 ha) iii. Status of Application submitted for obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest status shall be submitted. iv. The projects to be located within 10 km of the National Compliance Sub Section Geology, Hydrology and Topography Please Refer Chapter No. 3, Section 3.5 Physiology Sub Section Hydrology Figure No. 3.3 Drainage Map of the Stud Area The total land is in possession with management The site is within the Additional Patanganga MIDC Area. Not Applicable as the site is within the Additional Patanganga MIDC Area. Please refer Chapter No. 3 Section 3.6 Land Use Pattern Land Cover of the study area Not Applicable Not Applicable. V MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

19 Sr. No. Awarded ToR s Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-àvis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area vi. Copy of application submitted for clearance under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife 6. Environmental Status i. Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and site-specific ii. micrometeorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other parameters relevant to the project shall be collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and take into account the predominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests Compliance Please refer Chapter No. 4 Sub Section Impacts on ecological environment Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for Ecological environment Online Application Submitted Proposal No. FP/MH/IND/2849/2018 Please refer Chapter No. 3 Section 3.8 Climatic Condition & Meteorology Please refer Chapter No. 3 Section 3.9 Ambient Air Quality MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. VI

20 Sr. No. Awarded ToR s iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeks of all stations as per frequency given in the NAQQM Notification of Nov along with - min., max., average and 98% values for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report. iv. Surface water quality of nearby River (100m upstream and downstream of discharge point) and other surface drains at eight locations as per CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines. v. Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details. vi. Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8 locations shall be included vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within the study area viii. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB guidelines ix. Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, frequency of vehicles for transportation of materials, additional traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement etc. x. Detailed description of flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the study area shall be given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found within the study Compliance Please refer Chapter No. 3 Section 3.9 Ambient Air Quality Please refer Chapter No. 3 Section 3.11 Water Quality Sub section Surface Water No. Please refer Chapter No. 3 Section 3.11 Water Quality Sub section Ground Water Please refer Chapter No. 3 Section 3.10 Ambient Noise Monitoring Please refer Chapter No. 3 Section 3.12 Soil Environment Please refer Chapter No. 4 Sub Section Impact on traffic density Please refer Chapter No. 3 Section 3.13 Ecology Biodiversity Sub Sections Flora, Faunal Studies, Cropping Pattern VII MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

21 Sr. No. Awarded ToR s area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and furnished. xi. Socio-economic status of the study area. 7. Impact and Environment Management Plan i. Assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack emission based ii. on site-specific meteorological features. In case the project is located on a hilly terrain, the AQIP Modeling shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics for determining the potential impacts of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modeling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any. Water Quality modeling - in case of discharge in water body iii. Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end products on the surrounding environment shall be assessed and provided. In this regard, options for transport of raw materials and finished products and wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail-cum road transport or convey or Compliance Please refer Chapter No. 3 Section 3.14 Socio-Economic Environment Impact assessment of all sources of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area have been assessed and described in Chapter IV Sub Section Impacts on Air Quality Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for air environment and Sub Section Ambient Air Environment Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for Air Environment Not Applicable There will be no negative impact of the transport of the raw materials and end products on the surrounding environment. All product and raw material transportation will be done by national highways and village pacca road. Transportation of Products and Raw material will be done by Trucks. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. VIII

22 Sr. No. Awarded ToR s cum- rail transport shall be examined. iv. A note on treatment of wastewater from different plant operations, extent recycled and reused for different purposes shall be included. Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under EPA Rules. v. Details of stack emission and action plan for control of emissions to meet standards vi. Measures for fugitive emission control vii. Details of hazardous waste generation and their storage, utilization and management. Copies of MOU regarding utilization of solid and hazardous waste in cement plant shall also be included. EMP shall include the concept of waste-minimization, recycle/reuse/recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation. viii. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, A detailed plan of action shall be provided. ix. Action plan for the green belt development plan in 33 % area i.e. land with not less than 1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of species, width of plantation, planning schedule etc. shall be Compliance Please refer Chapter No. 4 Sub Section Water Environment Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for Water Environment Table No Composition of waste water generated Figure No ETP-STP hydraulic flow diagram Details of stack emissions and control measures are given in Chapter No. 4 Please refer Chapter No. 4 Sub Section Air Pollution Management Table No Fugitive emissions There will be negligible non-hazardous solid waste generation and it will send to authorized recycler. Hazardous waste will be ETP Sludge (20-25 kg/m) and filter sludge material from the process (80-85 MT/m) that will be send to CHWTSDF. Not Applicable Please refer Chapter No. 10 Sub Section Greenbelt development IX MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

23 Sr. No. Awarded ToR s included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated. x. Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site shall be submitted to harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water and also to use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources. xi. Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures shall be included. xii. Action plan for post-project environmental monitoring shall be submitted. xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and Man-made) Preparedness and Emergency Management Plan including Risk Assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan. 8. Occupational health i. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the occupational health & safety of all contract and casual workers ii. Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of Compliance Please refer Chapter No. 10 Sub Section Rainwater Harvesting Plan The approximate cost for the EMP will be Rs. 97 Lakhs and Recurring Cost per annum (Lakhs) will be Rs Action plan for post-project environmental monitoring is given in detail in chapter No. 6 Please refer QRA and HAZOP Study Please refer Chapter No. 10 Sub Section Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Initial fund allocation to ensure the occupational health & safety of all contract and casual workers. Please refer Chapter No. 10 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. X

24 Sr. No. Awarded ToR s worker. If the workers' health is being evaluated by pre designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre-placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise. iii. Details of existing Occupational & Safety Hazards. What are the exposure levels of hazards and whether they are within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved, iv. Annual report of health status of workers with special reference to Occupational Health and Safety. 9. Corporate Environment Policy i. Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the. ii. Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms /conditions? If Compliance Sub Section Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Not Applicable Annual report of health status of workers will be submitted in the six monthly compliance reports after the accord of EC as it is a new project. No, at the movement factory does not have approved Environment Policy; however company shall be planning the same. Company shall be planning to develop environmental policy and ensures, environment policy prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions XI MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

25 Sr. No. Awarded ToR s so, it may be detailed in the EIA. iii. What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions? Details of this system may be given. iv. Does the company have system of reporting of noncompliances / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the 10. Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be provided to the labour force during construction as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during operation phase. 11. Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC) Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the project cost) shall be earmarked towards the Enterprise Social Commitment based on Public Hearing issues and item-wise details along with time bound action plan shall be included. Socio-economic development activities need to be elaborated upon. 12. Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment Compliance Hierarchical system of the company deal with the environmental issues is given in Chapter No. 10 Figure No Environment Monitoring Cell Table No Environment Monitoring Cell and its responsibilities The company deal with the environmental issues is given in Chapter No. 10 Figure No Environment Monitoring Cell Table No Environment Monitoring Cell and its responsibilities Section 10.4 Environment Management Cell (EMC) Facilities during construction and operation such as clean water for washing the hands, sanitation facility and cleanup after work, Clean area for eating and taking rest shall be provided. Please refer Chapter No. 10 Sub Section Socioeconomic Development Proposed CER activities: Table No CER Activity Action Plan No MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. XII

26 Sr. Awarded ToR s No. (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/atr to the notice(s) and present status of the case. 13. 'A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above TOR. 14. The ToRs prescribed shall be valid for a period of three years for submission of the EIA-EMP reports. Compliance Point-wise compliance of the ToRs has been given in the tabular form. Noted B. SPECIFIC TERMS OF REFERENCEFOREIASTUDIES FOR SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY Sr. Description No. 1. Details on solvents to be used, measures for solvent recovery and for emissions control. 2. Details of process emissions from the proposed unit and its arrangement to control. 3. Ambient air quality data should include VOC, other process-specific pollutants* like NH3*, chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, H2S*, HF*,etc.,(*-as applicable) 4. Work zone monitoring arrangements for hazardous chemicals. 5. Detailed effluent treatment scheme including segregation of effluent streams for units adopting 'Zero' liquid discharge. Details Please refer Chapter No. 2 Section 2.4 Resource Requirement Chemical Requirement Please refer Chapter No. 2 Section 2.3 Project Description with Processes Details Please refer Chapter No. 3 Section 3.9 Ambient Air Quality Not Applicable Please refer Chapter No. 4 Sub Section Water Environment Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for Water Environment XIII MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

27 Table No Composition of waste water generated 6. Action plan for odour control to be submitted 7. A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding signed with cement manufacturers indicating clearly that they co-process organic solid/hazardous waste generated 8. Authorization/Membership for the disposal of liquid effluent in CETP and solid/hazardous waste in TSDF, if any. 9. Action plan for utilization of MEE/dryers salts. Figure No ETP-STP hydraulic flow diagram Not Applicable In Process Please refer Chapter No. 4 Sub Section Water Environment Figure No ETP-STP hydraulic flow diagram 10. Material Safety Data Sheet for all the Chemicals Attached As Annexure are being used/will be used. 11. Authorization/Membership for the disposal of In Process solid/hazardous waste in TSDF. 12. Details of incinerator if to be installed. Not Applicable 13. Risk assessment for storage and handling of hazardous chemicals/solvents. Action plan for handling & safety system to be incorporated. QRA and HAZOP Study report attached 14. Arrangements for ensuring health and safety of workers engaged in handling of toxic materials Please refer Chapter No. 4 Section 4.2 Impact identification MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. XIV

28 Chapter I: Introduction This chapter is intended to give Identification of project & project proponent, brief description of nature, size and location of the project, importance of project to the region and country including scope and overview of. 1.1 Purpose of the Report Fine Organic Industries Ltd., proposes to establish a new manufacturing facility for Food preservatives at Additional Patalganga MIDC, Panvel, Raigad, Maharashtra. Prior Environmental Clearance is mandated by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change as vide EIA Notification SO 1533, dated September 14, 2006 and its amendments. This project falls under category A and item no. 5(f): Synthetic organic chemicals, as general conditions apply. To initiate the EC process, ToR application in the form of Form I, PFR and proposed TOR were submitted to the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) on 3 rd Feb is prepared on the basis of granted standard ToR letter no. No.IA-J-11011/47/2018-IA-II (I) dated 22 Mar Identification of project & project proponent Fine Organics was the brainchild of Mr. Ramesh Shah, a Mumbai-based businessman with experience in chemical trading and Mr. Prakash Kamat, a skilled technocrat from India s most premier chemical technology school and Founded in This is a new project for the manufacturer of new facility of food additives which find its application in the Bakery Industry, by well-known business house Fine Organics. The project is titled as New proposed manufacturing unit for production of Food preservatives. Propionic acid is a permitted substance and is closely related to acetic acid familiar in vinegar. Mostly the Calcium and Sodium salts of this acid are used. Fine Organics are the major manufacturer of variety of specialty additives with expertise in the field of Oleochemistry. Majority of additives goes as Food additives with varied application with exports to more than 80 countries. We would like to start offering production of Food preservatives to the export market thereby generating revenue. All of Fine s facilities are fully geared 1 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

29 towards meeting growing global demands. Products are appreciated by customers worldwide for their consistent quality and packaging standards. Others manufacturing facilities are located near Mumbai (around 65 km from the port). Additionally, we have joint ventures in Malaysia (since 1988) and Thailand (since 1994). Regardless of their location, these facilities follow the same standards set by Fine's founders in safety, housekeeping, productivity, and controls. Facilities are audited regularly by internal as well as external teams. 1.3 EIA Consultant MITCON Consultancy and Engineering Services Ltd., is a rapidly growing, an ISO certified Consultancy Company, promoted by ICICI, IDBI, IFCI, and State Corporations of Maharashtra and Public Commercial Banks. It was founded in 1982; with Head Office at Pune and with supporting offices spread over entire country including Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Chennai, Chandigarh, and Ahmadabad etc. With experience, expertise and track record developed over last almost three decades, MITCON provides diverse range of macro and micro consultancy services in the areas of Environment Management and Engineering (EME), Energy Efficiency, Biomass and Co-gen power, Agricultural Business and Bio-technology, Infrastructure, Market Research, Banking Finance and Securitization, Micro Enterprise Development, IT Training and Education. EME division of MITCON serves to various sectors like GIS & RS, solid waste, infrastructure, power, sugar, engineering, chemical, real estate etc. MITCON Consultancy and Engineering Services Ltd. is accredited from National Accreditation Board for Education and Training (NABET), Quality Council of India for the EIA consultancy services in 18 sectors. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 2

30 1.4 Brief Description of the Project Nature and size of the project Proposed manufacturing unit for production of food preservatives of capacity MTA by M/s. Fine Organic Industries Ltd. at Plot No.E-73 Additional Patalganga MIDC, Dist. Raigad, Maharashtra As per EIA Notification dated 14th September, 2006 and its amendment thereof comes under category B activity - 5(f) Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical intermediates). However, project falls under general condition that any project or activity specified in Category B will be appraised at the Central Level as Category A, if located in whole or in part within 5 km from the boundary of: (i) Protected Areas notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972). Karnala Bird Wildlife sanctuary falls within 5 km radius of the study area. Hence, proposed project will be approved at EAC Ind-II, MoEFCC Location of the project The project is proposed at Plot No E-73, Additional Patalganga MIDC, Dist. Raigad, Maharashtra. The Geographical location of this plot is at 18 52'30.22"N Latitude and 73 09'48.79"E Longitude with an elevation of 10 meter above sea level MSL. This site is in premises of MIDC Estate which is meant for these types of Industries. MIDC letter is attached in annexure. Land is on plain contour, it is flat terrain. Land ownership is with project proponents. The Land is reserved for Industrial use & the proposed project shall be at the same plot. Presently there is an existing warehouse on the site admeasuring around 1500 sq.m. of area from that of the plot area. The existing Infrastructure around the site like water, electricity, telephone facility, roads already available. Other Infrastructure like, hospital, school, housing, entertainment, daily needs are available easily. There is no other sensitive establishment in the vicinity such as health resort, hospital. Karnala Bird sanctuary is within 5 km from the project area. 3 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

31 1.5 Importance to country region India is a major manufacturing house for bakery products and is the third- largest biscuit manufacturing country after USA and China (NPCS, 2013). The Indian bakery market is valued at Rs. 3,295 crore and out of this, bread and biscuits hold 82% of the share (Assocham, 2012). India bread market stood at $ million in 2016, and is projected to grow at a CAGR of over 11.29%, in value terms, during , to reach $ million by Market forces and demographic trends are continuously influencing supply and demand; expanding working population and increasing number of health-conscious consumers are aiding India bread market. Changing lifestyles due to increased disposable income in advanced countries led to an increase in demand for processed foods (Wilkinson, 1987). Changes in food consumption patterns contribute to the development of food processing industry (Gopalan, 1994). Processing not only reduces the perishability but also increases shelf life of a product and makes it available to the consumer in a ready-to-consume and convenient form throughout the year is some of the other factors expected to propel demand for bread over the next five years i.e Thus the proposed product finds its increasing demand in Bakery Industry especially Breads and Cake application. Present manufacturing facility at Dombivali is falling short for catering the increasing demands of domestic needs for these additives and also meets the additional export market needs. Thus company have decided to initiate this proposed project at additional MIDC, Patalganga. Export Possibility Fine s range of innovative additives have expanded their applications in food, plastics, cosmetics, textiles, paints, inks, rubber and many more. Thus, 80% of our products are exported to various countries. Thereby company is adding value to our nation s Global business & also benefiting the economy. Similarly the proposed products of this project will find its export business to cater the increasing demand of bread industry. Thus the establishment of the proposed project is very well beneficiary & justified. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 4

32 1.6 Applicable Environmental Acts & Rules As per the notification, proposed project falls under Activity 5 (f) cat. A Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical intermediates) The following are the some other acts and rules related to environment which will be applicable for the proposed project The Forest (Conservation) act 1980, amended 1988 The Wildlife Protection Act 1972, Amendment, 2002 The Biological Diversity Act 2002 Ozone depleting substances regulation and control rules 2000 EIA Notification dated 14th September, 2006 and its sub sequent amendments In addition to the above mentioned acts and rules, some of the rules which are of importance in context with this assignment include The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001 & amendment rules 2010 The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical (Amendment) Rules, 2000 Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 Dangerous Goods (Classification, Packaging and Labelling) Rules, 2013 Plastic Waste Management & Handling Rules 2016 Plastic Waste (M &H)Rules, 2011 Plastic Waste (M&H)Amendment Rules, 2011 Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 E-Waste Management Rules 2016 E-Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2011 Minimum Wages Act, 1948 Contract Labour Act, MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

33 Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 1996 along with Rules, 1988 Children (Pledging of Labour) Act, 1933 (as amended in 2002) Fire Safety Act, 2002 Disaster Management Act, Chronology of the project The chronology of the activities during initial stages of the environmental clearance work for the proposed project is given in Table 1.1. Table No Chronology of the environmental clearance process Sr. No. Particulars Date 1. TOR Application 3 rd Feb Standard ToR granted 22 nd March Baseline Monitoring March to May Objective and Scope of study The baseline studies required for has been conducted as per the ToR granted by letter no. No.IA-J-11011/47/2018-IA-II (I) dated 22 nd Mar Detail baseline study was undertaken during the month of 1st March to 31st May The objective of the study is to carry out Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the proposed project, to meet the environmental compliances laid down by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate change (MoEFCC), Government of India. The scope of study would be as per the EIA guidelines outlined by the MoEFCC for construction projects and it will include detailed characterization of existing status of environment in an area of 10 km radial distance from the boundary of the project site for various environmental components viz., air, noise, water, soil, land, biological and socioeconomic components including parameters of human interest as per the model TOR. The study would include the description of project setting, appraisal of project activities and assessment of adverse impacts related to the location, design, construction and operation of the Project. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 6

34 The purpose of EIA study is to identify and evaluate the potential impacts of the proposed project. Environment Impact Assessment Study has been carried out considering the 10 km surroundings of the proposed project. This study will identify, evaluate and report the likely impacts on the environment and prepare an Environmental Management Plan covering the mitigation measures and Environmental Monitoring Program. The objective of this EIA study is also to collect the baseline data within the impact zone so as to identify the associated impacts and propose suitable mitigation measures due to the construction and operation of the proposed project. The objectives of the EIA study can be summarized as follows: To identify and describe the elements of the community and environment likely to be affected by the proposed project. To establish the baseline environmental and social scenario of the Project surroundings, To identify, predict and evaluate environmental and social impacts expected to arise during the construction and operation phase of the Project in relation to the sensitive receptors, To develop mitigation measures so as to minimize pollution, environmental disturbance and nuisance during construction and operation of the proposed project, To design and specify the monitoring and auditing requirements necessary to ensure the implementation and the effectiveness of the mitigation measures adopted The steps of EIA Collection of baseline data on water, air, noise, biological & socio-economic status, existing roads and railway lines, water bodies and ecological sensitive areas in the project region. Identification of potential impacts on various environmental components due to activities envisaged during preconstruction, construction, and operational phases of the proposed developments. 7 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

35 Prediction and evaluation of significant impacts on the major environmental components. Preparation of environmental impact assessment statement based on identification, prediction, and evaluation of impacts. De-lineation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlining preventive and control strategies for minimizing adverse environmental impacts. With above view to assess the environmental impacts arising due to proposed project, the project proponent appointed MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd, Pune to undertake Environmental Impact Assessment and prepare a detailed environmental management plan to mitigate the adverse impacts. The baseline data collected in pre monsoon season i.e. for the period 1 st March 2018 to 31 st May 2018 for air, noise, water, land, biological and socio-economic environment and presented in this report. Final has been prepared in accordance with the granted TOR issued and as per the generic structure of the EIA mentioned in EIA notification dated 14 th September 2006 and its subsequent amendments. The structure of EIA is given in Table No. 1.2 Table No EIA Structure Chapter No. I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Chapters Name Introduction Project Description Description of the Environment Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site) Environmental Monitoring Program Additional Studies Project Benefits Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis Environmental Management Plan (EMP) Summary & Conclusion Disclosure of Consultant engaged MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 8

36 Detailed scope of studies is given below. Executive summary: Brief of summary of EIA Chapter I: Introduction This chapter furnishes the purpose of the report, brief information of the project and project proponent, nature, size and location of project, objectives of the project, estimated project cost, scope, and organization of the study. The key environmental legislation and the standards relevant to the project Chapter II: Project Description Project description chapter deals with the need of the project, location, environmental setting of the project, details of project, other technical and design details and sources of pollution from the proposed activity and measures proposed to control pollution. Chapter III: Description of the Environment This chapter illustrates the description of existing environmental status of the study area with reference to the prominent environmental attributes. Primary and Secondary data collection & findings of field studies are undertaken to establish the environmental baseline conditions. Chapter IV: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures This chapter deals with the prediction and evaluation of the overall impacts of the proposed project activities which need mitigation measures. The impacts resulting from the various activities during construction and operation phase of the proposed project. The environmental impact assessment of the proposed project is during various phases of project advancement, such as design, location of project, construction, & regular operations. Chapter V: Analysis of Alternatives Chapter provides the information on various alternatives for the site and technology. 9 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

37 Chapter VI: Environmental Monitoring Program Chapter delivers environment monitoring program, its frequency, parameters and methodology for air, water, noise, and solid hazardous waste/ soil environment. Chapter VII: Additional Studies Additional studies like review of social impact were undertaken. Major portion is dedicated to the study of hazard identification and risk assessment. Chapter VIII: Project Benefits Project benefit chapter furnishes the benefits of the project towards the society. Chapter IX: Environment Cost Benefit Analysis This chapter provides information about benefits of the proposed project to the environment. Chapter X: Environment Management Plan This chapter provides recommendations/ Environment Management Plan (EMP) including mitigation measures for minimizing the negative environmental impacts of the project. Chapter XI: Summary and conclusion This chapter executes summary of whole which includes project description in brief, environmental setting in 10 km radius, impact identification and mitigation measures and environmental management plan. Chapter XII: Disclosure of consultants engaged This chapter provides brief introduction of the consultancy organization involved in EIA report and information of various experts involved in preparation of the present EIA/EMP report is given. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 10

38 1.9 Conclusion Chapter I is a brief description of the project rations, need of the project, importance of the project to the region and country, value additional due to project. After understanding the project, legislative rule and regulation requirement and scope of the EIA study has been described. 11 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

39 Chapter II: Project description This chapter furnishes detail information on project type, its need, location, size/magnitude, technology and process. It also gives details on complete of the project its description, operating conditions and implementation schedule. 2.1 Project Location Proposed manufacturing unit for production of food preservatives of capacity MTA by M/s. Fine Organic Industries Ltd. at Plot No.E-73 Additional Patalganga MIDC, Dist. Raigad, Maharashtra Description of the Site The Geographical Location of this plot is at 18 52'30.22"N Latitude and 73 09'48.79"E Longitude with an elevation of 10 meter above sea level MSL. This site is in premises of MIDC Estate which is meant for these types of Industries. Land is on plain contour, it is flat terrain. Land ownership is with project proponents. The Land is reserved for Industrial use & the proposed project shall be at the same plot. Presently there is an existing warehouse on the site admeasuring around 1500 sq.mt of area from that of the plot area. The existing Infrastructure around the site like water, electricity, telephone facility, roads already available. Other Infrastructure like, hospital, school, housing, entertainment, daily needs are available easily in the town. There is no sensitive establishment in the vicinity such as health resort, hospital, except Karnala Bird sanctuary which is placed within 5 km from the project site. GPS Location on Google Imagery of the proposed site is given below. Figure No Location of Project MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 12

40 Figure No Google Image with Geo-graphical coordinates Land Details A: N, E B: N, E C: N, E D: N, E The total land 12,000 m 2 is in possession with management. Detail Area bifurcation and Plant layout is given below. Table No Area statement No Description Area in sq. m. 1. Total plot area 12, Deduction Explosive area Net plot area Allowable ground coverage of net plot area Proposed ground coverage (Ground floor area) 1. Main Plant, Lab and admin Production house Warehouse and worker amenity MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

41 No Description Area in sq. m. 4. Tank farm Thermopack room Panel Room Generator room Transformer yard ETP area Pump house Work Amenities and Utilities Meter room Finished liquid tank Total Furnace oil/hsd tank yard 250 Parking area 15. Loading/unloading parking area Visitors parking Four wheelers parking Two wheeler Parking 178 Total Parking area Green belt area 1491 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 14

42 Figure No Plant Layout 15 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

43 Figure No Photographs of proposed project site 2.2 Size and Magnitude of the Project Operation Project information in brief is given below, Table No Magnitude of project operation Sr No Particulars Details 1. Products Salts of Propionic & Acetic acid e.g. Calcium Acetate (CA), Calcium Propionate (CP), Sodium Propionate SP) & Potassium Propionate (PP). 2. Location Plot No E-73, Additional Patalganga MIDC, Dist. Raigad, Maharashtra, India. 3. Product Capacity Proposed manufacturing unit for production of food preservatives Salts of Propionic & Acetic acid e.g. Calcium Acetate (CA), Calcium Propionate (CP), Sodium Propionate (SP) & Potassium Propionate (PP). (1) Spray drying method 10,000 MTPA MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 16

44 Sr No Particulars Details (2) Mixing method 15,000 MTPA Total production 25,000 MTPA 4. Total plot area 12,000 sq. m. 5. Total built up area sq. m. 6. Raw material Raw Material Unit Quantity Propionic acid /Acetic acid MTA 20,000 Hydrated Lime / Lime MTA 9900 Sodium hydroxide/potassium hydroxide MTA Water Total fresh water requirement shall be approximately 220 CMD. It will be source from MIDC. 8. Power Total power requirement is 2000 kva. It will be sourced from MSEDCL. 9. Thermopac = 3 (15 lac kcal/hr) 10. DG set 2 DG sets of total 1000 KVA (each) capacity are proposed to be installed at this site. 11. Fuel Furnace oil 354 kg /hr 12. Manpower Approx. 80 ( )skilled and unskilled 13. Waste water Total effluent generation approx CMD and it will be quantity (estimate) treated in 5 CMD ETP cum STP. 14. Air emissions Air emissions will be from Thermic fluid heater and DG set. DG sets shall act as stand by source of electricity for the site. Adequate 39.5 m stack height as per statutory norms will be provided to all the utilities. All 3 (2 + 1) stacks will be of ht mt 15. Project cost Approx Cr. 16. EMP cost Rs lakhs 2.3 Project Description with Processes Details Brief Process Description: Process I - Spray Drying method It is a Neutralization process where Propionic acid or Acetic acid is neutralized with mixture of hydrated Lime + water in case of Calcium Propionate and Calcium acetate resp. Whereas in case of Sodium Propionate Propionic acid is neutralized with Sodium hydroxide (Caustic soda) + water and similarly for Potassium propionate is neutralized with KoH. All the starting raw materials are mixed till they get completely neutralized. After this the neutralized mixture is passed through a Filter press to obtain the semi-finished product in liquid phase. 17 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

45 This is then spray dried to obtain the Calcium Propionate / Sodium Propionate powder as finished product. The steam formed due to drying process will be scrubbed to trap the fines & then condensed to recycle the condensate, if any, and it will be again recycled at the stage of neutralization of next batch of product. Process flow diagram for food preservatives by Spray drying method is given below, Propionic Acid / Acetic Acid Water + Hydrated lime / Caustic Soda Filter washings recycled to next batch Calcium propionate (CP) / sodium propionate (SP) / calcium acetate (CA) solution/ Potassium Propionate (PP) Recovered product recycled Filter Press Clear Semi-Liquid Calcium Propionate/ Sodium Propionate / Calcium Acetate/ Potassium Propionate (PP) Spray dryer Water Loss as Calcium Propionate (CP) / Sodium Propionate (SP) / Calcium Acetate (CA) Powder /Potassium Propionate (PP) Scrubber Condenser Packing Figure No Manufacturing flow chart of calcium propionate/ calcium acetate / sodium propionate/potassium propionate by spray drying method MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 18

46 Input Propionic acid: 2350 kg/b Lime: 1250 kg/b Water: 6600 L Total: Neutralization Output Liquid CP Liq. Calcium propionate kg/b Filter Press Filtrate 9900 Sludge 300 Total Filtrate 9900 kg/b Spray Drying CP Powder 2950 Condensate water 6950 Total 9900 CP Powder 2950 kg/b Powdering & packing CP Powder 2950 Note: The processing powder accumulated on air filters during powdering/packing process is recycled in subsequent batches. Figure No Mass balance of calcium propionate (CP) Input Propionic acid: 3334 kg/b NAOH: 2051 kg/b Water: 4615K L Total: Liq. sodium propionate kg/b Neutralization Spray Drying Output Liquid SP Sodium Propionate powder 4500 Condensate water 5500 Total SP Powder 4500 kg Powdering & packing SP 4500 Figure No Mass balance of sodium propionate (SP) 19 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

47 Input Acetic acid: 2400 kg/b Lime: 1600 kg/b Water: 6000 L Total: Neutralization Output Liquid CA Liquid CA10000 kg/b Filter Press Filtrate: 9615 Sludge: 385 Total: Filtrate: 9615 Spray Drying CP Powder 3160 Condensate water 6455 CA Powder 3160 kg Powdering & packing CA 3160 Figure No Mass balance of calcium acetate (CA) Input Propionic acid: 3334 kg/b KOH: 2876 kg/b Water: 4615K L Total: Liquid PP Neutralization Spray Drying Output Liquid PP Potassium propionate 5200 Condensate water 5625 Total : PP Powder 5200 kg Powdering & packing PP 5200 Figure No Mass balance of potassium propionate (PP) Process II - Mixing method It is also a Neutralization process where Propionic acid is mixed with alkaline salts in a blender. Due to chemical reaction steam is generated which is passed through a condenser and the condensate is collected separately. This condensate can be used in Process I at the stage of neutralization for a fresh batch of Calcium Propionate. After blender the semifinished product is send to Disintegrator to get the final product in desired size. After this product is send to sifter so as to obtain the granular grade of Calcium Propionate & Fine MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 20

48 grade of Calcium Propionate. Process block diagram for Calcium Propionate manufacturing process by mixing process is given below, Input Propionic acid: 3120 kg/b Lime: 1500 kg/b Total: 4620 Neutralization Output CP mixture 4080 Water of condensation 540 CP mixture 4080 kg/b Processing CP powder 4080 CP granules/ Powder 4080 kg Powdering & packing CP granules/ powder 4080 Figure No Calcium Propionate Manufacturing Process by mixing process 21 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

49 2.4 Resource Requirement Chemical Requirement The detail raw material required for operation listed below in Table 2.3 Table No Major Raw materials and its storage & Mode of Transportation Sr. No. Particulars Unit Total consumption Qty. per year Raw Material 1 Propionic acid/ Acetic acid Storage condition & capacity in KL MTA 20,000 Tank 5 x 250 1X Hydrated Lime / Lime MTA 9900 Silo 2 X Sodium hydroxide /Potassium hydroxide MTA 450 Bags Mode of Transport Through road Trucks, Tempos Product Details Table No Details of product and its storage Sr.No. CAS Name Of Products Batch Size Capacity MT MTPA 1 Spray Drying method Calcium Propionate and/or Sodium Propionate and /or Calcium acetate , Potassium propionate Mixing method Calcium Propionate ,000 TOTAL Storage Provision Store in Bags FG warehouse Power requirement The proposed power requirement for the facility is 2000 kva which will be source from MSEDCL grid. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 22

50 2.4.4 Fuel Furnace oil 354 Kg /hr will be used In Thermo pack ((15 lac kcal/hr)). HSD diesel will be used in 2 DG sets of total 1000 KVA (each) capacity in case of power shut down or emergency. Fuel consumption details are given in below in Table 2.5. Table No Fuel Consumption Sr. No Fuel Quantity Storage GCV Sulphur Ash 1. Furnace oil* 354 kg/hr 100 KL % HSD 370 kg/hr 20 KL mg/kg 0.01 * PCRO- Petroleum Conservation Research Organization Water requirement The total water requirement is about 220 CMD for domestic, process, cooling and gardening purpose. It will be source from MIDC which is available at site. Water requirement and its quantification is given below, Table No Water Balance Sr. Consumption Input Output Effluent Disposal No. CMD CMD CMD 1. Cooling water requirement if any Blow down is very less and not come out daily. Based on the cycles of concentration (COC) water will be recycled in cooling tower makeup water or send to ETP 2. Domestic Send to ETP cum STP 3. Process, laboratory, washing and Other misc from process from Lab 0.02 Entire 70 CMD process water will be recycled. Lab water will be treated in combined ETP followed by Evaporation. 4. Gardening Total MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

51 2.4.6 Man Power Requirement During construction phase skilled and un-skilled labors will be required. Local labors will be engaged during construction phase. During operation phase around 80 skilled and unskilled employees will be needed. Skilled worker like Manager, Process Engineers, Supervisor, and Operators will be required. The plant operation team will work in three shifts per day. Each shift will be controlled by a shift charge engineer. The shift charge engineer will be located at the control room and will be in full charge of the plant operation during the shift Utilities Details Thermopack Total 3 Thermopack of capacity 15 lac kcal/hr 2 working + 1 standby Stack details Sr. Particulates Stack One Stack 2 no 1 Fuel Firing rate Air/Fuel Ratio Excess air 17.0 % 17.0 % 4 Temperature 320 o C 320 o C 5 Flow 2379 Nm3/hr 2379 Nm3/hr 6 Analysis% N O2 5.6 CO H2O SO2 quantity 15.9 kg/hr 15.9 kg/hr 8 Height 39.5 m 39.5 m 9 Stack dia 375 mm 375 mm 10 Exit temp. 180 o C 180 o C List of Machinery and Equipment s Details of machinery and equipment s required for production is given below, Table No List of Machinery and equipment s Sr.No. Description Qty. 1 Neutralizer(15kl Working ) 2 2. Open Tank ( Cp-1, Cp-2, Sp ) 3 3. Pump 2 4. Filter Assembly 4 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 24

52 Sr.No. Description Qty. 5. Fire Fighting 6. Transfer Pump 1 7. Cp/Sp Clear Liquid Tank 4 8. Feed Pump 2 9. Spray Drier With Scrubber Thermic Fluid Heater Cooling Tower Mixer Blender Pneumatic Conveying Syst Propionic Acid Tank Acetic Acid Tank Utilities 19. Lights 20. Air Conditioner 2.5 Environment Aspects Summary of anticipated waste emissions from the proposed project and its proposed disposal/ treatment mechanism is given below Table No Summary of anticipated waste emissions and its disposal Aspect Waste water Process effluent, Cooling water, domestic, Lab etc. Air Emission PM10, CO, SO2, NOX, etc Solid Process waste and ETP sludge Quantity and its treatment Total effluent generation will be CMD; out of that 70 CMD will be recycled in the process. Other domestic effluent and lab effluent will be treated in proposed ETP of capacity 5 CMD. No process emission from the manufacturing process. Air emissions are anticipated from Thermopac stack and from DG set. However, DG set will be utilized in case of power failure. D.G set will be placed in acoustic enclosure. Thermopac with adequate 39.5 m stack height. The air pollutant that are discharged from the proposed unit are, Dust particulate from vehicular movement in the premises Particulate matter, Sulfure-di-Oxide and Nitrogen oxide etc. From DG and stack. There will be negligible non-hazardous solid waste generation and it will send to authorized recycler. Hazardous waste will be ETP Sludge (20-25 kg/m) and filter sludge material from the process (80-85 MT/m) that will be send to CHWTSDF. 25 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

53 2.6 Schematic representation of the feasibility drawing on information of EIA purpose As per EIA Notification dated 14th September, 2006 and its amendment thereafter project comes under category A activity - 5(f) Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical intermediates). Project attracts general conditions of the EIA notification. Karnala Bird Wildlife sanctuary within 5 km radius of the study area Cat. A, Activity-5(f) General condition apply Scoping by EAC IND-II ToR application: Form I, ToR & Pre- Feasibility 2.7 Project Implementation Schedule It is expected that the project shall be completed within 12 months from date of grant of Environmental clearance Environmental Clearance Process Chronology ToR Application: 3 rd Feb 2018 ToR granted: 22 th March 2018 Baseline data collection period : March 2018 to May Project Cost Estimate The total cost of the project is estimated about Rs Cr. The project cost estimates include land & land development, civil, building structure, plant & machinery, other expenses, on building, plant & machinery, margin money of working capital. Environment management cost will be around Rs Lakh & recurring cost will be Rs lakhs. The details of EMP cost are given in Table MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 26

54 Table No Environment Management Cost Sr. No. Description Capital Cost (Lakhs) Recurring Cost per annum (Lakhs) 1. Air Pollution Control Water Pollution Control Environment monitoring and Management Rain Water harvesting Occupational health Green belt Solid waste management 3 36 Total Conclusion Chapter II describes the size, magnitude, and basic requirements of the project. Environmental impacts due to proposed project activities have been identified. From the project description it is clear that major anticipated impacts are from wastewater disposal, solid waste generation, and air emissions. To predict the future environmental impact due to project, baseline studies have been conducted in the month of March 2018 to May MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

55 Chapter III: Description of the environment This chapter concise details of site information related environmental setting like ambient air quality, monitored data, ground water quality in and around the plant etc. within 10 km radius of the project, the environmental parameters which are likely to be affected by project activities are air, water, soil, and socio-economics. The data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Primary source data were collected through environmental monitoring in the study area. Primary survey involved climate, hydro geological aspects, atmospheric conditions, water quality, soil quality, vegetation pattern, ecology, and socio-economic profile of the study area. 3.1 Environmental Parameters Field monitoring was done for primary data collection of various environment components such as air quality, water quality, soil quality, noise, micrometeorology, flora & fauna, socioeconomic, hydro-geological study etc. Also, secondary data from authenticated sources was used as a guideline and reference material. The entire data has been collected through actual physical surveys and observations, literature surveys, interaction with locals, government agencies, and departments. The baseline study begins with reconnaissance visit in the study area. During these visit the locations were fixed for the monitoring and collection of primary data. The guiding factors for the present baseline study are the requirements prescribed by the guidelines given in the EIA Manual of the MoEFCC. 3.2 Study Period The studies were conducted during summer season for the period of 1 st March st May Frequency of Monitoring Frequency of environment monitoring considered is given in Table 3.1. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 28

56 Table No Environmental Parameter & Frequency of Monitoring Components Parameters Frequency Methodology adopted Ambient air quality Meteorology Water quality Ecology Noise PM2.5,PM10, SO2, NOx Surface : Wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity and rainfall Physical, Chemical and Bacteriological parameters. Terrestrial fauna and flora Noise levels in db(a) Ambient air quality samples are monitored at 9 locations for 24 hours twice a week for the study period. Hourly continuous readings during the study period at plant site secondary data collected IMD Primary data :- Ground water samples were collected from 8 locations and 2 surface water samples were collected Field survey conducted in 10 km study area, once during the study period Continuous 24 hourly monitoring at 9 locations once during the study period Soil Physico-chemical Sampling at 9 locations around project site once during the study period. Socioeconom ic Data Land use pattern Geology and hydrogeology Socio-economic characteristics of the affected area Land use for different categories Type, drainage etc. General in 10 km radial study area and data collected around the project site 10 km radius, Based on data published in Primary Census Abstract and satellite imagery Field Observations in 10 km study area and from secondary data PM10/PM2.5: Gravimetric method SO2: Modified West and Gaeke Method. (IS : 5182, Part II) NOx: Jacobs and Hochheiser Method. (IS 5182 Part VI) - Standard methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater published by American Public Health Association (APHA) Listing of floral and faunal species. IS: 4954 as adopted by CPCB. BIS specifications Census 2011 Topo-sheets Satellite imageries Authenticate published data. 29 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

57 3.4 Study Area The project site is located at Plot no E - 73, Additional Patalganga MIDC, Dist Raigad, Maharashtra. Brief of Environment setting is given in Table 3.2. Table No Environmental Setting Sr. Particulates Description No. 1. Project Location Geographical Coordinates Latitude: 18 52'30.22"N, Longitude 73 09'48.79"E Elevation: 10 m above MSL. 2. Toposheet number 47 F/1 and 47F/5, 3. Nearest IMD station Mumbai(Colaba) Nearest Town Mohopada 3 km in NE Khopli 21 kmin SE Panvel 13 km in NW 5. Nearest airport Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, Mumbai at 39.5 km in NW 6. Nearest Railway station Apta railway station 1.78 km in SW, Rasayani Railway station 2.5 km in NW 7. Nearest Road MIDC road connecting to Mumbai-Pune Express way at 5.0 km in E 8. Nearest Village Kharade (Kh) 0.30 km 9. Nearest densely populated Mohopada at 3 km, Panvel at 13 km 10. No. of Villages in 10 km Bio-geographical zone Coast 12. Nearest Water body Patalganga River 0.6 km in North West 13. Eco-sensitive area Karnala Bird Wildlife sanctuary falls within 5 km radius i.e. around 2 km in west. 14. Precipitation Avg. Monthly total mm 15. Temperature Highest recorded: C Lowest record: C 16. Humidity Annual mean Relative humidity: 81% 17. Wind Direction Dominant wind directions from West, North west and South west 18. Soil Type course soil, medium black soil, deep black soil and lateritic soil MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 30

58 Figure No Toposheet of the 10 km Study Area 31 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

59 Figure No Satellite Image of the study area MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 32

60 3.5 Physiography The area fall under Konkan Region of Maharashtra. The district has a long indented coastline. The Sahayadri ranges in the east send several transverse numbers of subsidiary hills westwards denying the plains of a uniform level and continuous character. Many of the subsidiary hills of varying heights reach the coastline to form headlands or promontories. On the basis of variation in local relief and other characteristics the district can be grouped into six physiographic divisions i.e. (i) Sahayadri Hills, (ii) Konkan Forested Hills, (iii) Sudhagad Plateau, (iv) Ulhas Basin, (v) Kal-Savitri Valley and (vi) Raigarh Coast. Raigarh district has six main drainage systems namely Ulhas, Patalganga, Amba, Kundlika, Savitri, Bhogavati rivers etc. originated in Sahyadri ranges and flows from east to west Geology The geology of the area consists of dark colored volcanic lava and laterites which date back to Mesozoic period. These are spread out in the form of horizontal sheets and beds and have innumerable spurs, hills, ridges, peaks and plateau. In the plains and valleys, the lava flows occurred below a thin blanket of soil which varies in thickness from place to place. The basalt is a predominant rock formation of the district. The basalts are usually dark grey to grey in color and are hard compact and tough and fine to medium grained structure. Deccan Trap rock which is completely impervious to percolation, these causing an accuse shortage of water in summer. Beds of laterite, usually formed by mechanical and chemical disintegration brought by atmospheric agencies on the underlying trap, cap of several picks and lofty ridges in the district Hydrology The district drained most by short westward flowing parallel streams which originate in the Sahayadri hills in the east and flow into the Arabian Sea. All the rivers are tidal for a considerable extent. Industrial Estates developed by MIDC namely Additional Patalganga MIDC located in catchments of Patalganga River Basin A-II class. The Patalganga receive the 33 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

61 tail waters of the Khopoli hydel power station. The depth to water levels during pre-monsoon ranges between 5-10 m bgl. The depth to water levels during post monsoon ranges between 2-5m bgl. Drainage system of the proposed project study area is given in below figure. Figure No Drainage map of the study area MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 34

62 3.5.3 Topography An uneven topology is an important feature of the district. The proposed site is located near Patalganga River around 0.6 km. Wildlife sanctuary falls within 5 km radius i.e. around 2 km in west. Coastline is around 25 km in west. So, there is uneven topology found in the study area. Digital elevation map of the project site and the study area is given in Figure 3.4. Figure No Digital elevation of 10 km study area 35 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

63 3.6 Land Use Pattern Land use is characterized by the arrangements, activities and inputs people undertake in a certain land cover type to produce, change, or maintain it. Definition of land use in this way establishes a direct link between land cover and the actions of people in their environment. "Grassland" is a cover term, while "rangeland" or "tennis court" refer to the use of a grass cover; and "Recreation area" is a land use term that may be applicable to different land cover types: for instance sandy surfaces, like a beach; a built-up area like a pleasure park; woodlands; etc Land Cover of the study area Land cover is the observed (bio) physical cover on the earth's surface. When considering land cover in a very pure and strict sense, it should be confined to the description of vegetation and man-made features. Consequently, areas where the surface consists of bare rock or bare soil are land itself rather than land cover. Also, it is disputable whether water surfaces are real land cover. However, in practice, the scientific community usually includes these features within the term land cover. Land Use/Land cover for 10 km radius from project site of were delineated based on the Landsat ETM+ satellite data; the land use/land cover classes are categorized based on the ground trothing and site visit. The land is classified in vegetation, barren land, Built up area and water Body etc. classes, detailed distribution of units showing in the below map, table and graph. These images provide the information about the land use pattern of the study area. The different color represents the settlement or built up land Vegetation (include Agriculture and forest) area, barren Land and water bodies. Built up land It is defined as an area of human habitat developed due to non-agriculture use. The built-up land in 10 km radius from project site comprises of villages, towns, panchayat and revenue villages that include buildings, Industries, factories, transport, communications, utilities in MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 36

64 association with water and vegetation. Out of total 24 % (total sq.km) of area cover in Built up class. Table No Land use land cover statistics of the study area Vegetation & Agricultural The vegetation class use is a function of land productivity and land utilization practices over a period of time. It is an area within the notified forest boundary bearing an association of predominantly of trees and other vegetation types capable of producing timber and other forest produces. These lands are generally occupying the topographically high regions. Vegetation area 24 % of the area. Water Bodies This category comprises areas with surface water, either impounded in the form of ponds, lakes and reservoirs or flowing as streams, rivers, canals etc. These are seen clearly on the satellite image in blue to dark blue or cyan color depending on the depth of water. These areas were identified and mapped as water bodies; this unit is spatially distributed, 3.83 sq.km which is 1 % of the study area. Open Land and Fallow land It is described as degraded land which can be brought under vegetative cover with reasonable effort and which is currently under-utilized and land which is deteriorating due to lack of appropriate water and soil management or on account of natural causes. Wastelands can result from inherent/imposed constraints such as, by location, environment, chemical and physical properties of the soil or financial or management constraints. 51 % of the Open and Fallow Land are identified in study area. 37 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

65 Figure No Land Use Land cover of 10 km study area MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 38

66 3.7 Seismology Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) has prepared a seismic zoning map of India based on tectonic features and records of past earthquakes. Approx. 59% of the land area of India is liable to seismic hazard damage. In India, seismic zones are divided into four zones i.e. II, III, IV and V. Zone V: Very High Risk Zone Zone IV: High Risk Zone Zone III: Moderate Risk Zone Zone II: Low Risk Zone The site is located in Zone-III Moderate as per the seismic map given in Figure No Seismic zone map 39 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

67 3.8 Climatic Condition & Meteorology The climate here is tropical. Most months of the year are marked by significant rainfall. The short dry season has little impact. May is the warmest month of the year. The lowest average temperatures in the year occur in January Methodology Secondary data from already published literature of National Data Centre of Indian Meteorological Department, Mumbai (Colaba) have been utilized to establish the general meteorological pattern. Site-specific meteorological data i.e. temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, wind speed and wind direction for the project site have been generated by installing weather station at project site during the period of March 2018 to May Average Meteorological Condition (Source: IMD) The IMD observatory is situated at the Regional Meteorological Centre at Colaba almost at the extreme south end of the narrow ridge of the land extending about 5 kms to the southwest of the fort of Bombay. There are some trees and staff quarters inside the observatory compound eastern wall of the observatory compound faces the sea. Wind instrument on the electrometer tower, exposure fair. The average of meteorological data of IMD observatory is presented in Table 3.4 and the average of the site-specific meteorological data generated during the study period is presented in Table 3.5. The wind rose diagram of the study period is given as Figure 3.7. Table No Average of meteorological data Location: Situated at the Regional Meteorological Centre at Colaba almost at the extreme south end of the narrow ridge of the land extending about 5 km to the west of the fort of Bombay. (Lat: N 18 54', Long: E 72 49') (Station Code: 43057) Aerial distance from Project Site: Approx Km SE Height of wind instrument installation: 16 m above ground and 11 m above MSL Month Temperature ( C) Relative Humidity (%) Max. Min. Mor. Eve. Mean Wind Speed (km/h.) Predominant Wind Direction Precipitation (mm) Monthly total January NW, NE, N 0.9 February NW, N, NE 0.2 March NW,N, 0.4 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 40

68 April NW,W, 0.5 May NW, W 20.2 June Sometime W, SW, NW July Sometime W, SW, NW August Sometime W, NW, SW September W, NW, SE October E, NE, NW 78.4 November NE, E, NW 14.9 December NE, E, NW 2.6 Annual Total or Mean Table No Average of the site-specific meteorological data (March 18 to May 18) Month Temperature ( C) Wind speed Wind Direction Relative Humidity (%) Rainfall (mm) Min. Max. Max. Min. March N, NW, W April NW, N, W May W, NW, N Temperature The summer season from March to May is one with continuous increase in temperatures which decreases during monsoon, increases slightly during the post monsoon season and again decreases during the winter. During the study period, the daily maximum temperature was recorded at 39 C in the month of March & April and daily minimum temperature was recorded at 21 C in the month of March. The average temperature of the study period has been recorded at 28 C Relative Humidity The climate of the region is characterized by general dryness except during south west monsoon season. Humidity is usually high during the monsoon months, on average, July is the most humid. On average, February is the least humid month. Humidity decreases gradually during the post monsoon months and for rest of the year, the average relative humidity around 75% for Panvel Tehsil. The values of maximum & minimum relative humidity observed during the study period are %. 41 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

69 3.8.5 Precipitation The annual rainfall is received during the southwest monsoon season i.e. from June to Sep, July being the month with highest rainfall. The total monthly annual rainfall observed from the IMD data is mm Wind Speed and Wind Direction Wind rose based on hourly readings of wind speed and direction monitored during monitoring period at the factory site for the month of March 2018, April 2018 and May In general, the primary meteorological data obtained at the project site are in agreement with the data of previous years available from secondary source. The wind rose diagram reveals that wind was blowing predominantly from the west and South west direction with frequency of approximately 45.6% having speed in the range of m/s during the monitoring period with frequency of calm winds 17.6 % during the monitoring period. Wind rose graphically shown in Fig 3.7. Figure No Wind rose diagram and Frequency class distribution for the period March to May 2018 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 42

70 3.9 Ambient Air Quality Samples were collected in the 10 km study area to observe pollution trends throughout the region. It helps in providing a data base for evaluation of effects of a project activity in that region. Methodology The air quality monitoring study was conducted keeping the following points into consideration. Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale; i.e. after considering the pre-dominant wind direction. Two locations in the upwind direction; Four Locations in the downwind direction considering maximum impact. Nearest habitat and sensitive receptors (Kharda Kh., Kharda Bk. and village Ladivali near boundary of Karnala Bird Sanctuary ) Table No Methodology for AAQM Parameter PM 10 PM 2.5 NO x SO 2 Monitoring Equipment s Fine Dust sampler Fine Dust sampler Gaseous sampler Gaseous sampler Analytical Method IS 5182 (Part 23) :2006, RA-2012 Guidelines for the measurement of Ambient Air pollutant Vol. I,2011(CPCB Guidelines) IS 5182 (Part VI) : 2006, RA-2012 IS 5182 (Part II) : 2001, RA-2012 Minimum Technical Protocol Detectable limit 10 µg/m 3 Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM 10) gravimetric method 10 µg/m 3 Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) gravimetric method 5 µg/m 3 Modified Jacob & Hochheiser (Na- Arsenate) method 5 µg/m 3 Improved West and Geake method 43 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

71 Sampling location & Frequency Ambient air quality of the study area has been assessed during summer period of March 2018 to May, 2018 through a network of nine ambient air quality stations within an area of 10 km region around the project site and including the project site. The sampling was done continuously for 24 hours for SO2, NOx, VOCs, and PM10 & PM2.5 with a frequency of twice a week for three months (24 observations for one location). The air monitoring locations are shown in Figure 3.8 and Table 3.7. Table No Air sampling locations Air Stations Location Distance (km) Geographical coordinates Direction Justification for selection A1 Project Location N, E - Core A2 Kharda Kh 0.5 km N, E NW UW A3 Kharda Bk N, E SE DW A4 Ladivali N, E W UW A5 Ambivali tarf Wankhal N, E NE CW A6 Kaire N, E E DW A7 Borivali N, E E DW A8 Jambhivali N, E S CW A9 Vadgaon N, E SE DW MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 44

72 Figure No Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 45 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

73 Table No Ambient Air analysis results Statistical parameter PM 10 PM 2.5 SO 2 (µg/m 3 ) NO x (µg/m 3 ) (µg/m 3 ) (µg/m 3 ) A1-Project Site Minimum Maximum Average th Percentile A2- Kharda Kh Minimum ND ND Maximum ND ND Average ND ND 98 th percentile ND ND A3- Kharda Bk. Minimum ND ND Maximum ND ND Average ND ND 98 th percentile ND ND A4- Ladivali Minimum ND ND Maximum ND ND Average ND ND 98 th percentile ND ND A5- Ambivali tarf Wankhal Minimum ND ND Maximum ND ND Average ND ND 98 th percentile ND ND A6- Kaire Minimum ND ND Maximum ND ND Average ND ND 98 th percentile ND ND A7- Borivali Minimum ND ND Maximum ND ND Average ND ND 98 th percentile ND ND A8- Jambhivali Minimum ND ND Maximum ND ND Average ND ND 98 th percentile ND ND A9- Vadgaon CO Total VOC MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 46

74 Minimum ND ND Maximum ND ND Average ND ND 98 th percentile ND ND NAAQS standards 2009, Ministry of Environment & Forest, Gov. of India Industrial, Residential and Rural Areas The concentrations of PM10 PM2.5, SO2 and NOx (Table 3.8 ) were found within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQ). Interpretation Particulate matter emission (PM10& PM2.5): After completion of baseline survey it was found that all ambient air quality parameters are within the NAAQ standards of Central Pollution Control Board. At Ambivali tarf Wankhal and Borivali, it was found that high percentage of particulate matter as compared to other monitoring locations as it is densely populated area and vehicular movement and local activity are higher compare to other. SO2 emission: SO2 emission is found at Ambivali tarf Wankhal and Borivali due to vehicular movement. NOx emission: NOx emission at all monitoring location are within the NAAQ standards. At Ladivali it was found that high percentage of NOx as compared to other monitoring. Nitrogen dioxide is a large scale pollutant, with rural background ground level concentrations in some extent. Nitrogen dioxide plays a role in atmospheric chemistry, including the formation of troposphere ozone. Nitrogen dioxide is also produced naturally during electrical storms. The term for this process is "atmospheric fixation of nitrogen". The rain produced during such storms is especially good for the garden as it contains trace amounts of fertilize 3.10 Ambient Noise Monitoring Ambient noise standards are prescribed for residential, commercial and industrial areas and silence zone vide The Noise Pollution (Regulation and control) Rules, 2000, notified by the MoEF&CC on February 14, 2000 and amended thereof. The ambient noise standards have 47 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

75 been stipulated during day time (6 am to 10 pm) and night time (10 pm to 6 am) keeping in the view the different sensitive and the resultant impacts at community level during these periods. The ambient noise levels were monitored at selected villages within the study area during day and night time covering residential, commercial/industrial and silence zones. Background noise levels were measured at the project site and surrounding villages by standard- noise- level- meter for 24 hours. Equivalent noise levels for day & night values were calculated. Methodology Site visit and identification of sources of noise Identifying monitoring locations and conducting noise monitoring Determining possible impacts of noise on the environment from proposed activities Suggestions of mitigation measures of noise and to reduce noise of sources exceeding the allowable limits The Noise quality monitoring Station presented in Figure 3.9 & observed noise level is described in Table 3.9. Table No Noise Level Monitoring Locations Noise sampling Location Aerial distance (km) Geographical coordinates Direction N1 Project Location N, E - N 2 Kharda Kh 0.5 km N, E NW N 3 Kharda Bk N, E SE N 4 Ladivali N, E W N 5 Ambivali tarf Wankhal N, E NE N 6 Kaire N, E E N 7 Borivali N, E SE N 8 Jambhivali N, E S N 9 Vadgaon N, E SE MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 48

76 Figure No Noise sampling Locations 49 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

77 Results The results of all nine noise monitoring stations are summarized in the below Table Table No Results of noise monitoring half day Station codes Location Equivalent noise level, Leq in db (A) CPCB permissible limits Day Time Night Time Day Time Night Time N1 Project Location N2 Kharda Kh N3 Kharda Bk N4 Ladivali N5 Ambivali tarf Wankhal N6 Kaire N7 Borivali N8 Jambhivali N9 Vadgaon Interpretation The above results are within the CPCB Standards. The minimum noise level 36.2 db (A) and the maximum noise level 55.2 db (A) were observed in rural residential area. The relative high values of noise recorded in factory premises and suburban areas were primarily due to vehicular traffic and other activities Water Quality The surface and ground water quality of the project area may get affected due to various factors. Assessment of baseline data on water environment (surface and ground) includes Identifying sensitive receptors nearby Identification of nearest impact zone in case of failure of pollution control equipment Identification of ground and surface water sources Collection of water samples Analyzing water samples for physio-chemical and biological parameters Methodology Assessment of water quality in the study area includes the water quality testing and assessment as per the Indian standard IS 10500:2012 (drinking water standard). MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 50

78 The surface and ground water sampling was carried out by using central pollution control board (CPCB) guidelines. A sample container was properly cleaned and rinsed with sample for three-four times before it was filled. Sample containers were labeled properly and sample code, sampling date was clearly marked on container. Surface water sample was collected from surface water body about 30 cm below the water surface using grab sampling method. Ground water samples were collected from bore well, hand pump & dug well Water samples from various locations in and around the project site within 10 km radius were collected for assessment of the physico-chemical and bacteriological quality. Methodologies adopted for analysis were according to the IS methods. The parameters thus analyzed were compared with IS 10500: Surface Water Sampling location & frequency Surface water samples were collected from three different locations within the study area as shown in Table 3.11 and Fig 3.10 once in May Table No Surface water sampling locations Sampling Location Stations Code SW1 Karada Kh: : Patalganga river SW2 Ladivali :Patalganga river Aerial distance w.r.t project site Geographical coordinates 0.57 km N E 1 km N E Direction w.r.t project site NW W Type Upstream Downstream Ground water sampling location & Frequency Ground water samples were collected from eight different locations within the study area as shown in Table 3.12 and Figure 3.10 once in May MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

79 Table No Ground water sampling locations Stations Location Distance Direction Geographical coordinates Sample Source GW1 Karade (Budrukh) 0.84 SE N, E Dug Well GW2 Karade (Khurd) 0.30 W N, E Dug Well GW3 Ladivali 1 WSW N, E Bore well GW4 Mohopada 3.11 NE N, E Bore well GW5 Chavane 2.2 SSW N E Dug well GW6 Savle 3.28 NNW N, E Hand pump GW7 Jambhivali 2.6 SSE N, E Dug well GW8 Vadgaon 4.5 SE N, E Hand pump MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 52

80 Figure No Surface and ground water sampling Locations 53 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

81 Results Surface water quality analysis report The result of the surface water monitoring station is summarized in the below Table Table No Results of surface water sampling Sr.No. Parameters Karada Kh (Patalganga river ) Chemical Potability 1. Biochemical Oxygen Demand 2. Chemical Oxygen Demand Ladivali (Patalganga river ) Unit IS:10500:2012 Required Standards <1 <1 mg/l N.S. <5 <5 mg/l N.S. 3. ph at 25 o C to Temperature C N.S. 5 Electrical Conductivity µs/cm N.S. at 25 o C 6 Turbidity <1 <1 NTU 1 7 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Total Solids mg/l N.S. 9 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l N.S 10 Acidity as CaCO 3 <5 <5 mg/l N.S. 11 Total Alkalinity as mg/l 200 CaCO 3 12 Total Hardness as mg/l 200 CaCO 3 13 Calcium as Ca mg/l Magnesium as Mg mg/l Chloride as Cl mg/l Sulphates as SO mg/l Nitrate as NO3 < mg/l Ammonical Nitrogen as <0.1 <0.1 mg/l N.S. NH 4-N 19 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen <1 <1 mg/l N.S. NH3-N 20 Salinity ppt N.S. 21 Fluoride as F <0.1 <0.1 mg/l Total Phosphorous <1 <1 mg/l N.S. 23 Silica as SiO mg/l N.S. 24 Phenol <0.001 <0.001 mg/l Sodium as Na mg/l N.S. 26 Potassium as K mg/l N.S. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 54

82 27 Hexavalent Chromium <0.02 <0.02 mg/l N.S. (as Cr6+) 28 Iron (as Fe) <0.05 <0.05 mg/l Copper (as Cu) <0.04 <0.04 mg/l Manganese as Mn <0.1 <0.1 mg/l Nickel <0.01 <0.01 mg/l Zinc as Zn <0.05 <0.05 mg/l 5 33 Boron as B <0.04 <0.04 mg/l chromium <0.03 <0.03 mg/l lead <0.01 <0.01 mg/l cadmium <0.003 <0.003 mg/l BACTERIOLOGICAL POTABILITY 01 Total Coliforms MPN./100 ml Absent 02 Fecal coliform MPN./100 ml Absent Inference A review of the above chemical analysis reveals that water from Patalganaga River not suitable for drinking purposes due to presence of MPN in the surface water samples collected. This is due domestic activity carried out near river bank. Domestic activity like washing of utensil, cloths, animal cleaning, human and animal excreta etc. are dumped in river water. Rest all the constituents are within the limits prescribed for drinking water standards promulgated by Indian Standards (10500: 2012). Ground Water Results The results of all eight ground water monitoring stations are summarized in the below Table No Table No Results of ground water sampling Characteristics GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 IS 10500: 2012 ph at 25 o C Temp N.S. EC N.S. Turbidity <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 1 TDS TSS N.S. Acidity as CaCO3 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 N.S. 55 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

83 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 Total Hardness as CaCO3 Calcium as Ca Magnesium as Mg Chloride as Cl Sulphates as SO < Nitrate as NO Ammonical Nitrogen as <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 N.S. NH4-N Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 N.S. Salinity N.S. Fluoride <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 < Total Phosphorous <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 N.S. Silica as SiO N.S. Phenol <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 < Sodium N.S. Potassium N.S. Hexavalent Chromium <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 N.S. (Cr 6+) Iron (as Fe) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < Copper (as Cu) <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 < Manganese as Mn <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 < Nickel <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 < Zinc as Zn <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < Chromium <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 < Lead <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 < Cadmium <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 <0.003 < Total coliforms <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 900 Absent Fecal coliform <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 500 Absent Inference Higher electrical conductivity of water sample was recorded in bore well, hand pump water dug well in Karade (Kh.) due to increase in concentration of dissolved ions in water in summer season. Increasing TDS concentration, hardness is due to salts enter groundwater through dissolution of soil, rock, and organic material. In summer season might be due to low water level and high rate of evaporation of water and addition of calcium and magnesium salts. Heavy metals are not detected in all the samples. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 56

84 3.12 Soil Environment Soil is the unconsolidated material on the earth surface that serves as a natural medium for plant growth. Medium black and deep black soil is observed in the project area. Methodology Site visit and collection of soil sample Manual sample collection using hammer and container bags for collecting undisturbed top soil. Sample was taken from the surface to plough depth 0-22 cm Recently fertilized, old bunds, marshy spots, near trees, compost heaps and farm sheds etc. these locations are avoided at the time of sampling. Each Sample collected was a uniformly thick 2 cm slice of soil from the exposed soil face V in shaped hole. Selection of locations of soil sample is done on the basis nearest impact zone and possibility to alter the characteristics of soil due to failure of pollution control equipment and runoff. Sampling location & frequency Soil samples were collected from eight different locations within the study area as shown in Table 3.15 and Fig 3.11 once in May Table No Soil sampling locations Sampling Stations Location Distance Direction Geographical coordinates S1 Karade (Budrukh) 0.84 SE N, E S2 Karade (Khurd) 0.30 W N, E S3 Ladivali 1 WSW N, E S4 Mohopada 3.11 NE N, E S5 Chavane 2.2 SSW N E S6 Sawale 3.28 NNW N, E S7 Jambhivali 2.6 SSE N, E S8 Vadgaon 4.5 SE N, E 57 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

85 Figure No Soil sampling location MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 58

86 Results Table No Results of soil sampling Characteris tics Unit Karad e (Bk.) Karad e (Khur d) Texture - Clay Loam Clay Loam Percentage of different components Sand % Silt % Clay % Soil Moisture Ladiva li Clay Loam Mohopa da Clay Loam Chava ne Clay Loam Savle Clay Loam Jambhiv ali Clay Loam Vadgao n Clay Loam % Bulk Density g/cm Water % Holding Capacity ph Conductivity µs/cm Organic % Carbon Calcium (as mg/kg Ca) Magnesium mg/kg (as Mg) Available kg/ha Nitrogen Phosphorous kg/ha (as P) Potassium kg/ha (as K) Iron (as Fe) mg/kg Zinc (as Zn) mg/kg Copper (as mg/kg Cu) Sodium mg/kg Manganese mg/kg <0.05 (as Mn) Total mg/kg <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Chromium (as Cr) Nickel (as Ni) mg/kg <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 Cadmium mg/kg <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 (Cd) Lead (as Pb) mg/kg <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Sodium Adsorption Ratio MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

87 Inference All the samples having ph in range of 7.64 to 7.9 Conductivity of the samples is in between to mho/cm. Vadgaon Village has the highest conductivity value. Nitrogen concentration in all the soil samples are in the range of to kg/ha. Soil Organic Matter also acts the major sink and source of soil carbon. The concentration of the organic matter in the soil is 0.62 to 0.90 %. Heavy metals like Copper, Cadmium, Lead, Boron, Chromium, Manganese, and Molybdenum are not detected in all the samples. Overall it is observed that the soils of the region are good for agriculture 3.13 Ecology Biodiversity Flora The floral and faunal studies were conducted in the month of May 2018 for the entire project area covering 10 km radial distance from the project site. The sites for terrestrial and aquatic ecology sampling were identified during the reconnaissance visit and sampling was carried out thereafter. Ecological studies helps in evaluation of biological impacts viz. deforestation/ tree cutting and shrinkage of animal habitat, impact on flora and fauna due to the interventions of the proposed project. This involves impact on rare and endangered species, endemic species and migratory path/ route of animals and impact on breeding and nesting. Methodology In order to assess the prevailing status of flora and fauna in the project region, particularly on the endemic, rare and endangered species; and migratory path/ route of animals and birds and their breeding and nesting places in different terrestrial and aquatic locations of project area; baseline ecological surveys were conducted during the study period. Reconnaissance visit of the entire project area, in order to have a broad understanding on the prevailing situation on flora and fauna in the project area for MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 60

88 stratifying different areas into different representative classes in order to select most appropriate sampling locations for conducting detailed ecological surveys The sites for Ecology and Biodiversity sampling were identified during the reconnaissance survey and sampling was carried out thereafter. GPS instrument (GARMIN Oregon 550) was used to record details of sampling stations. The methodology adopted for faunal survey involves random survey, diurnal bird observation, active search for reptiles and review of previous studies. Detailed primary ecological field surveys for establishing the first-hand information on prevailing ecological status in the project area, covering different representative physiognomic and habitat conditions Observation for endemic species, threatened species, if any present in the study area. The sites for ecology sampling were identified during the reconnaissance survey and sampling was carried out thereafter. The photo documentation was done by using the COOLPIX P-510 Digital Camera. References used to identify the representative spectrum of threatened species, population and ecological communities listed by Indian wild Life Protection Act, 1972, ENVIS Database, IUCN Database, Red Data Book. The status of individual species was assessed using the revised IUCN/IWPA category system. Field reference book namely Common Indian Wild Flower by Issac Kehimkar, Flowers and Further Flowers of Sahyadri by Shrikant Ingalhalikar and Birds of Indian Subcontinent by Richard Grimmett are used for the identification of flora and birds. Monitoring location & frequency The baseline study, for the evaluation of the floral and faunal biodiversity of the study area, with in 10 km radius from the proposed project has been conducted during May, MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

89 Table No Ecological Sampling Location Name of village Distance Direction Geographical coordinates Karade (Budrukh) 0.84 SE N, E Karade (Khurd) 0.30 W N, E Ladivali 1 WSW N, E Mohopada 3.11 NE N, E Chavane 2.2 SSW N E Sawale 3.28 NNW N, E Jambhivali 2.6 SSE N, E Vadgaon 4.5 SE N, E Observations during site visit The study area represents as dry deciduous Patches of reserve forest, open mixed jungle, and Karnala Wild Life Sanctuary etc. observed in the study area. During the field survey 61 species (excluding Karnala WLS) recorded in and around periphery of the proposed project. Family wise tree species recorded as below. Table No List of species recorded in the study area during the Study No. Botanical Name Family Common Name Type 1. Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd. Mimosaceae Khair Tree 2. Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.) Willd. Mimosaceae Hivar Tree 3. Acacia nilotica (L) Willd. Mimosaceae Babul Tree 4. Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. Rutaceae Bel Tree 5. Agave cantula Roxb Agavaceae Ghayapat Shrub 6. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. Apocynaceae Saptaparni Tree 7. Annona squamosa L. Annonaceae Sitaphal Tree 8. Argemone mexicana L. Papaveraceae Pivala Dhotra Herb 9. Artocarpus heterophyllus Moraceae Phanas Tree 10. Azadirachta indica Linn. Meliaceae Neem Tree 11. Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Nyctagineae Boganvel Tree 12. Butea monosperma L. Leguminosae Palas Tree 13. Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. Caesalpiniaceae Shankasur Tree 14. calotropis procera Asclepiadaceae Rui Tree 15. Carissa congesta Wight. Apocynaceae Karvand Shrub 16. Caryota urens L. Palmae Fish Tail Palm Tree 17. Cassia siamea Lamk. Caesalpiniaceae Kashid Tree 18. Cocos nucifera L. Palmae Naral Tree 19. Delonix regia (Hook.) Ref. Caesalpiniaceae Gulmohor Tree MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 62

90 No. Botanical Name Family Common Name Type 20. Erythrina variegata Fabaceae Pangara Tree 21. Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Myrtaceae Nilgiri Tree 22. Eucalyptus tereticornis Myrtaceae Nilgiri Tree 23. Ficus benghalensis L. Moraceae Wad Tree 24. Ficus racemosa L. Moraceae Umbar Tree 25. Ficus religiosa L. Moraceae Pimpal Tree 26. Gliricidia sepium Fabaceae Glirididia Tree 27. Gossypium arboreum L. Malvaceae Kapus Shrub 28. Hibiscus esculentus Linn. Malvaceae Bhendi Crop 29. Hibiscus indicus Burm. F. Hochr Malvaceae Jasvand Shrub 30. Ipomoea carnea Jacq. Convolvulaceae Beshram Shrub 31. Lagerstroemia speciosa Lythraceae Tamhan Tree 32. Lantana camara Verbenaceae Ghaneri Shrub 33. Leucaena leucocephala Fabaceae Subabhul Tree 34. Limonia acidissima L. Rutaceae Kavath Tree 35. Mangifera indica L. Anacardiaceae Amba Tree 36. Moringa oleifera Moringaceae Shevga Tree 37. Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. Rutaceae Kadipatta Tree 38. Ocimum sanctum L. Lamiaceae Tulas Herb 39. Parthenium hysterophorus L. Compositae Gajargavat Herb 40. Phoenix sylvestris Roxb Palmae Shindi Tree 41. Phyllanthus emblica L. Euphorbiaceae Avala Tree 42. Plumeria alba L. Apocynaceae Chapha Tree 43. Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thw. Annonaceae Ashok Tree 44. Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre Leguminosae Karanj Tree 45. Prosera juliflora Fabaceae Vedi babhul Tree 46. Prosopis juliflora (SW.) DC. Mimosaceae Vedi Babul Tree 47. Ricinus communis L. Euphorbiaceae Erand Tree 48. Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. Mimosaceae Rain Tree Tree 49. Spathodea campanulata Bignoniaceae Pichkari Tree 50. Syzygium cumini Myrtaceae Jambhul Tree 51. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Myrtaceae Jambhul Tree 52. Tamarindus indica L. Caesalpiniaceae Chinch Tree 53. Tectona grandis L.f. Verbenaceae Sag Tree 54. Terminalia catappa L. Combretaceae Badam Tree 55. Thespesia populnea Malvaceae Ranbhendi Tree 56. Tribulus lanuginosus L. Zygophylaceae Gokharu Herb 57. Tridax procumbens L. Compositae Dagdi Pala Herb 58. Vachellia nilotica Fabaceae Kateri Babhul Tree 63 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

91 No. Botanical Name Family Common Name Type 59. Vitex negundo L. Lamiaceae Nirgudi Shrub 60. Ziziphus jujuba L. Rhamnaceae Bor Tree 61. Ziziphus xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd. Rhamnaceae Ghati Bor Tree Karnala Bird Wild Life Sanctuary The Karnala Bird Sanctuary is located within 5 km radius study area. The sanctuary is quite small with an area of sq.km. This forest is mainly classified under mixed deciduous forest and is majorly comprised of grassy, riparian, Evergreen, Deciduous and Rocky habitats. Figure No Glimpses of Karnala Wild Life Sanctuary MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 64

92 Table No List of Trees, Shrub, Climber, and Herbs reported at Karnala WLS No Name No Name Trees 1. Vangueria spinosa 57 Azadirachta indica 2. Flacoartia indica 58 Ficus retusa 3. Bauhinia racemosa 59 Butea monosperma 4. Emblica offcinalis 60 Stereosparmum chelonides 5. Bridelia retusa 61 Ficus tseila 6. Morinda pubescens 62 Peltophorum ferrugineum 7. Spondias pinnata 63 Erythrina indica 8. Mangifera indica 64 Acacia ferruginea 9. Ficas glomerata 65 Randia uliginosa 10. Terminalia timentosa 66 Ficus religiosa 11. Hymenodictyon excelsum 67 ficus arnottiana 12. Ficus asperrima 68. Oleo dioica 13. Murraya koeniglii 69. Albizzia chinensis 14. Dillenia pentagyna 70. Microcos paniculata 15. Pongamia glabra 71. Dalbergia paniculata 16. Mitragyana parvifolia 72. Mimusops elengi 17. Garuga pinnata 73. Cassia fistula 18. Lepisanthes tetraphylla 74. Pterocarpus Marsumpium 19. Wrightia tinctoria 75. Elaeodendron glaucum 20. Anacardium occidentale 76. Semecarpus anacaedium 21. Sideroxylon tomentosum 77. Aegle marmelos 22. Albizia procera 78. Terminalia bellirica 23. Casearia tomentosa 79. Lagerstroemia parviflora 24. Holarrhena antidysentrrica 80. Cordia dichotoma 25. Schleichera oleos 81 Ziziphus jujuba 26. Garcinia indica 82 Thespesia populnea 27. Bauhinia malabarica 83 Murraya exotica 28. Stericulia cotorata 84 Dolichondrone falcate 29. Careya arborea 85 Madhuca latifolia 30. Stereospermum xylocarpum 86 Maba nigrescens 31. Sterculia cotorata 87 Trewia nudiflora 32. Streblus asper 88 Sapindus emerginata 33.,mimusops hexandra 89 Wringhtia arborea 34. Acacia catechu 90 Ixora parvifolia 35. Randia dumetorum 91 Ixora arborea 36. Gliricidia sepium 92 Ficus Bengalensis 37. Ziziphus xylopyrus 93 Albizia odoratissima 38. Grewia serrulata 94 Heterophragma roxburghii 39. Erinocarpus nimmonii 95 Kotoptelea integrifolia 40. Bauhinia foveolata 96 Embelia robusta sensu 41. Macaranga peltata 97 Kydia calycina 42. Tamarindus indica 98 Albizia lebbek 43. Lagerstroemia 99 Gmelina arborea 44. Xylia xylocarpa 100 Dalbergia lalifolia 45. Eugenia jambolana 101 Lannea coromandelica 46. Oroylum indicum 102 Phoenix sylvestris 47. Diospyros melanoxylon 103 Mallotus philippensis 48. Borassus Flabellifer 104 Tectono grandis 49. Gardenia gummifera 105 Alstonia scholaris 65 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

93 No Name No Name Trees 50. Cordia macleodii 106 Bombax ceiba 51. Ficus heterophylla 107 Salmalia insignis 52. Dalbargia lanceolaria 108 Sageraea laurifolia 53. Grewia titiaefolia 109 Mammea suriga 54. Anogeissus latifolius 110 Terminalia chebula 55. Tabernaemontana heyneana 111 Adina cordifolia 56. Lagerstroemia microcarpa 112 Saccopetalum tomentosum Shrubs Climbers 1 Adhatoda Vasica 1 Gnetum ula 2 Jatropha curcas 2 Calycopteris floribunda 3 Carissa congesta 3 Gloriosa superba 4 Moghania Strobelifera 4 Celastrus Paniculatos 5 Strobilanthes Callosus 5 Mucuna pruriens 6 Crotolaria refusa 6 Entada rheedei 7 Lantana camera 7 Abrus precatorius 8 Allophylus cobbe 8 Tinospora cordifolia 9 Zizphus rugosa 9 Caesalpinia sepiaria 10 Wood fordia fruticosa 10 Butea superta 11 Datura innoxia mill 11 Dalbergia horrida 12 Vitex negundo 12 Combretum ovalifolium 13 Opuntia elatior 13 Capparis sepiaria 14 Pogostemon purpurascens 14 Clematis triloba 15 Barteria prionitis 15 Wagatea Spicata 16 Helicteris isora 16 Diploclisia glaucescens 17 Ocimum americanum 18 Thespesia lampas 19 Eupatorium glandulosum 20 Calotropis gigantean 21 Xanthium indicum Herbs Grasses 1 Hemidesmus indicus 1 Ischaemum pilosum 2 Blumea tecera 2 Eragrostis tenella 3 Indigofera enephylla 3 Andropogon pumilis 4 Cassia tora 4 Andropogon pertusus 5 Urena lobata 5 Andropogon monticola 6 Pavetta tomentosa 6 Dendrocalamus strictus 7 Cleome viscose 7 Ischaemum rugousm 8 Musa superba 8 Andropogontriticeus 9 Solanum anguivi 9 Anthistria ciliate 10 Cureuma aromatic 10 Andropogon annulatus 11 Asteracantha iongifolia 11 Andropogon schoenanthus 12 Senecio grahami 12 Ischaemum indicum 13 Cynodon dactylon Faunal Studies Faunal studies were restricted to major groups such as reptiles, birds, and mammals. For preparation of the checklist of fauna of the project area, direct sightings during various MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 66

94 baseline studies, discussion with local communities regarding presence or absence of species and literature studies were taken into consideration. The areas reported for the presence of the species were visited during the day as well as night. Apart from the direct sightings of the animals during visits, indirect signs such as dry skin, pugmarks, calls, and droppings were also considered as an indicator for the presence of the species. Field reference book namely Birds of Indian Subcontinent by Richard Grimmett. Table No Faunal species observed during field visit Sr. No Common Name Scientific Name Mammals 1. Squirrel Funambulus palmarum 2. Indian Grey Mongoose Herpested edwardsil 3. Common Cat Felis silvestris catus 4. Cow Bos primigenius 5. Domestic Buffalo Bubalus bubalis 6. Goat Capra hircus aegagrus 7. Common Dog Canis lupus familiaries Amphibians/ Reptiles 1. Common Garden Lizard Calotes versicolor 2. Brahminy Skink Mabuya carinata 3. Northern House Gecko Hemidactylus flaviviridis 4. Common Indian toad Bufo melanostictus 5. Brook s Gecko Hemidactylus brookii 6. Blind Snake Ramphotyphlops braminus 7. Cobra Naja naja 8. Rat snake Pantherophis obsoletus 9. House Gecko Hemidactylus brooki 10. Rock Lizard Psmmophilus blanfordanus 11. Common Garden Lizard Calotes versicolor 12. Turtle Butterfly 1. Common Grass Yellow Eurema hecabe 2. Common Indian Crow Euploea core 3. Red Pierrot Talicada nyseus 4. Blue Mormon Papilio polymnestor 5. Blue Pansy junonia orithya 6. Chocolate Pansy Junonia iphita 7. Common Evening Brown Melanitis leda 8. Orange-tip Anthocharis cardamines 67 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

95 Dragon flies and Damselflies 1. Senegal Golden Dartlet Ischnura senegalensis 2. Yellow Bush Dart Copera marginipus 3. Ditch Jewel Brachythemis contaminata 4. Crimson Marsh Glider Trithemis aurora 5. Long legged Marsh Skimmer Trithemis Pallidinerries Table No Ave species observed during field visit Sr. No. Common Name Scientific Name 1. Painted Partridge Francolinus pictus Least Concern 2. Black Kite Milvasmigrans NA 3. Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis NA 4. Indian robin Saricoloides fulicata NA 5. Little cormorant Phalacrocoras niger NA 6. Jungle crow Corrus macrorhynehw NA 7. Darter Anhinga Melanigaster NA 8. Pond heron Ardeola gragisi NA 9. River turn Sterna auranta NA 10. Cotton teal Etapus coromandelisanus NA 11. Kingfisher Halcyon Pisteata NA 12. Grey heron Ardea cinerca NA 13. Purple sunbird Nectarinia asiatica Least Concern 14. Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus Least Concern 15. Blue rock pigeon Columba livia Least Concern 16. Myna Acridotheres tristis N.A. 17. Indian Grey hornbill Ocyceros birostris Least Concern 18. Brahmini Kite Haliasture Indus N.A. 19. Crow Corvus Splendens Least Concern 20. Pond Heron Ardeola Grayii Least Concern 21. White breasted water hen Amaurnis Phoenicurus N.A. 22. Red Vent Bulbul Pycnonotus sps. N.A. 23. Red whispered Bulbul P.Jocosus N.A. 24. Magpie Robin Copsychus saularis Least Concern 25. Tailor Bird Ortomus Sutorius N.A. 26. Purple Sun Bird Nectarina Asiatica N.A. 27. Little Green Bee Eater Merops Orientalis Least Concern 28. Rose ringed parakeet Psittacula Krameri Least Concern 29. Barn Owl Halcyon chloris Least Concern 30. Kingfisher Alcedo atthis Least Concern 31. Lark Alaudidae Least Concern 32. Coppersmith barbet Megalaima haemacephala Least Concern 33. Green bee-eater Merops orientalis Least Concern 34. Pied bush chat Saxicola caprata Least Concern MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 68

96 Sr. No. Common Name Scientific Name 35. Black drongo Dicrus adsimilis NA 36. Common swallow Hirando rustica NA 37. Koel Eudynamys scolopacea Least Concern 38. Large Indian parakeet Psiltacula eupatria NA 39. Shrike Disambiguation NA 40. Hoopoe Upupa epops Least Concern 41. Crow pheasant Centropus cinensis NA Faunal Studies Table No Birds reported in the Karnala Wild Life Sanctuary Sr. No. Species Name R/M Status 1 Babbler 2 Indian Scimitar R C 3 Jungle R C 4 Puff Throated (Spotted) R C 5 Tawny Bellied R O 6 Fulveta Brown Checked (Quaker Babbler) R C 7 Barbet 8 Brown headed (large green) R C 9 Coppersmith (Crimson breasted) R C 10 Bee Eater 11 Small green R O 12 Bulbul 13 Red vented R C 14 Red Whiskered R C 15 White Browed R C 16 White Eared (White checked) R Rare 17 Buzzard 18 Oriental Honey R C 19 White Eyed LM O 20 Crow 21 House R C 22 Large billed (Jungle) R C 23 Coucal (Crow Pheasant) R C 24 Cuckoo 25 Koel Asian R C 26 Banded bay BM O 27 Common Hawk BM O 28 Drongo BM rare 29 Pied BM O 30 Dove 31 Emerald R O 69 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

97 Sr. No. Species Name R/M Status 32 Spotted R C 33 Drongo 34 Ashy M C 35 Black R C 36 Bronzed R O 37 Greater Racket tailed R C 38 Hair crested M O 39 White bellied R O 40 Eagle 41 Black LM rare 42 Booted M rare 43 Crested Serpent R C 44 Egret 45 Cattle R C 46 Falcon 47 Common Kestrel LM O 48 Peregrine-Shaheen R C 49 Hawk/Shikra 50 Shikra R C 51 Basera Sparrow hawk M Rare 52 Eurasian Sparrow hawk M rare 53 Flower pecker 54 Pale billed (Tickle s) R C 55 Thick billed R C 56 Flycatcher 57 Asian brown M O 58 Asian Paradise LM C 59 Grey headed M O 60 Monarch R C 61 Red Breasted M O 62 Rusty tailed M rare 63 Tickle s blue R C 64 Ultramarine M O 65 Verditer M O 66 White Throated R C 67 Heron 68 Black crown R C 69 Indian Pond R C 70 Hoopoe 71 Common M O 72 Hornbill 73 Indian Grey R C 74 Iora 75 Common R C MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 70

98 Sr. No. Species Name R/M Status 76 Fowl 77 Jungle fowl, Grey R rare 78 Peafowl, Common R rare 79 Spur fowl, Red R rare 80 Kingfisher 81 Common R C 82 Oriental dwarf (three-toed) BM rare 83 White Throated R C 84 Kite 85 Black R C 86 Black Shouldered R O 87 Lapwing 88 Red Wattled R C 89 Lark 90 Malabar R O 91 Leaf bird 92 Blue winged /Jordon s R C 93 Golden fronted R C 94 Martin 95 Dusky crag R C 96 Minivet 97 Orange R C 98 Small R C 99 Munia 100 Scaly breasted R C 101 White rumped R O 102 Avadavat, red R O 103 Myna 104 Common R C 105 Jungle R O 106 Nightjar 107 Grey R O 108 Jungle R O 109 Oriole 110 Black hooded R C 111 Black napped M rare 112 Eurasian golden M C 113 Owlet/Owl 114 Jungle barred R C 115 Spotted R O 116 Parakeet 117 Alexandrine R C 118 Plum-headed R C 119 Rose ringed R C 71 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

99 Sr. No. Species Name R/M Status 120 Vernal hanging (Lorikeet) LM rare 121 Grey fronted R C 122 Blue Rock R C 123 Yellow footed Green R O 124 Pipit 125 Tree Pitta 127 Indian Pitta R O 128 Redstart 129 Black M rare 130 Robin 131 Indian R C 132 Oriental Magpie R C 133 Roller 134 Indian M Rare 135 Sandpiper 136 Common M O 137 Green M O 138 Shama 139 White rumped R C 140 Shrike 141 Long tailed/ backed M C 142 Common hood R C 143 Black headed BM O 144 Large grey R O 145 Sparrow 146 Chestnut shoulder R C 147 Sparrow house R C 148 Starling 149 Asian pied R O 150 Chest nut tailed M O 151 Sunbird 152 Crimpson R O 153 Crimpson-backed R C 154 Loten s R O 155 Purple R C 156 Purple rumped R C 157 Swallow 158 Barn M C 159 Red Rumped R O 160 Swift 161 Asian Palm R C 162 House LM O 163 Tailor Bird MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 72

100 Sr. No. Species Name R/M Status 164 Common R C 165 Thrush 166 Blue Rock M rare 167 Blue capped rock M rare 168 Malabbar whistling R C 169 Orange headed R C 170 Tree Pie 171 Rufous R C 172 Wagtail 173 Forest M O 174 Grey M O 175 Booted M C 176 Greenish M C 177 Sulpher bellied M O 178 Water Hen 179 White breasted R C 180 Weaver 181 Baya R C 182 Wood pecker 183 Brown capped Pigmy R C 184 Heart spotted R O 185 Rufus R C 186 White napped R rare 187 Yellow crowed R O R= resident M= Migratory LM= Local migratory BM= Breeding Migratory C= Common, O= Occasional Mammals, which are present in the study area, are enumerated in the table below. Table No Checklist of Prominent Mammals in the Study Area Sr. No Scientific Name Common Name IWPA Status IUCN Status 1. Order: Primates Family: Cercopithecidae Subfamily: Colobinae Macaca mulatta (Zimmermann, 1780) Rhesus Least Concern Macaques Semnopithecus schistaceus Hanuman - - Desmarest, 1822 Langoor 2. ORDER: RODENTIA SUBORDER: SCIUROMORPHA Family: Sciuridae (Squirrels) Subfamily: Callosciurinae MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

101 Sr. No Scientific Name Common Name IWPA Status IUCN Status Funambulus paimarum (Linnaeus, Indian Palm - Least Concern 1766) Squirrel 3. SUBORDER: MYOMORPHA Family: Muridae Subfamily: Muridae (Rats and Mice) Mus booduga (Gray, 1837) Little Indian Schedule V Least Concern Field Mouse Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758 House Mouse Schedule V Least Concern 4. SUBORDER: HYSTRICOMORPHA Family: Hystricidae (Old world porcupines) Hystrix indica Kerr, 1792 Indian Crested Schedule IV Least Concern Porcupine 5. ORDER: LAGOMORPHA Family: Leporidae (Hares and Rabbits) Lepus nigricollis F. Cuvier, 1823 Indian Hare Schedule IV Least Concern 6. ORDER: CARNIVORA SUBORDER: FELIORMIA Family: Herpestidae (Mongooses) Subfamily: Herpestinae (Mongooses) Herpestes edwardsii (t.geoffroy Grey Mongoose Schedule IV LR-lc Saint-Hilaire, 1818) 7. ORDER: ARTIODACTYLA Family: Suidae (Pigs) Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 Wild Boar Schedule III LR-nt Family: Cervidae Muntiacus Rafinesque, 1815 Bhekar Schedule III Least Concern Cropping Pattern Proportion of people engaged in various types of occupations. Rice, Wari, Nachni, Pulses, Spices, Oil Seeds, Fruits and vegetables and Fodder crops are the major eight crops grown in the study area. Table No Major Crops of the region Sr. No. Crops 1. Rice 2. Pulses (Lab lab bean, cowpea, black gram, horse gram, etc 3. Finger millets 4. Pros millet 5. Groundnut MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 74

102 6. Sasamum Horticultural crops Vegetables, Fruit 7. Mango 8. Cashew 9. Sapota 10. Other fruit crops 11. Okra, Brinjal, Chillil and Leafy vegetables etc. 12. Coconut 13. Arecanut Interpretation The vegetation of the area is deciduous type with some evergreen patches. The vegetation found here consist of shrubs, pasture, and grass and trees are found. As per the ecological studies conducted it can be seen that the study area shows extreme species diversity. Total 61 floral species recorded & no RET floral species is reported in the study area. The most abundant species in the study areas are, Acasia Sp. Azadirachta indica Linn. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Heteropogon triticeus (R.Br.), Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Pongamia pinnata (L.) etc Socio-Economic Environment In order to study the socio-economic aspects of the communities living in and around proposed project, the required data has been collected from the publications of Census Department, (2011 Census) Government of India. The growth of any economy is dependent on various factors which include availability of natural resources, presence of feasible climatic conditions, skilled man-power, infrastructural support and a steady orientation and research towards growth and development. A vast range of developmental projects have been carried out in the country. Their sole purpose has been improving the living conditions of the citizens. All developmental activities are primarily centered on human development. However, when a country needs to grow in terms of its industrial and technological standing, infrastructural development is necessary. Infrastructure ranges from providing resources to employing sets of skilled manpower for obtaining the desired results. All these elements when balanced at an international level bring about global development. 75 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

103 At a local level when such activities are to be scoped socio-economic surveys play a key role. They not only emphasize the individual standing of a community but also delineate the possible socio-economic outcomes of any project. They include all the elements; from the conditions of the people living in that area to their working status. When developmental activities are about to occur in any area the socio-economic standing of the locality comes to the forefront. A socio-economic survey highlights all the characteristics that jointly constitute a community. To conduct this study both primary and secondary data sources are used. The methodology applied for primary data collection is as follows Sampling Method A purposive random sampling method has applied for selection of respondents from various sections of the society. The purposive random sampling method is helpful to choose right samples for the study. Data Collection Method In order to assess and evaluate the likely impacts arising out of any developmental projects on socioeconomic environment, it is necessary to gauge the apprehensions of the people in the project area. Field survey and observations Field Survey and Observations is made at each sampling village and the quality of life of that region is studied. The census data is collected from census department. A thoughtful questionnaire is prepared and during survey the questions were asked to the respondents and given information is recorded. Interview Method The interview method has the advantage that almost all perfect sample of the general population can be reached and respond to the approach. Interview method helps to collect more correct and accurate information as the interviewer is present during the field survey. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 76

104 The respondents were asked for their awareness/opinion about the region and also of their opinion about the impacts of the proposed project area which is an important aspect of socioeconomic environment, viz. job opportunities, education, health care, housing, transportation facility, and economic status. The salient observations recorded during survey in the study area: Majority of the respondents are engaged in Working in Industry, Cultivation activity and other work. Sanitation facilities are satisfactory in the study area. There are open drains from where the domestic waste water is disposed. People are not at all aware and careful about hygiene and cleanliness, this has resulted to increase of health problems in the area Power supply facility is available in almost villages and town in the study area mostly for domestic purpose Drinking water sources is mostly from MIDC, wells and hand pump. As regard to the drinking water facility Medical facilities in terms of Hospital, primary health center and primary health sub centers in the rural areas are good. The hospitals are available, have very good facilities. Doctors and nurse visit the villages for providing medical treatment. Transportation facility is seen very satisfactory in the study area because the road conditions are very good and satisfactory. Almost all the people use LPG and Kerosene as a main source of fuel and few people use wood for cooking purpose Sufficient communication facility are available in the study area Educational facilities are available in the form of primary and middle schools. In some villages, it is extended up to high school. For higher studies people avail the facility from the nearest town Houses of the region are mostly puccha house Awareness among the people regarding the study region project is poor 77 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

105 Demography of the Taluka Dynamics of population is one of the prime aspects in environmental studies. The demographic attributes such as population growth, population density and its distribution, sex composition, etc. are used to understand the condition of the region. In this phase basic population aspects are studied. As per provisional reports of Census India, population of Panvel in 2011 is 180,020; of which male and female are 92,484 and 87,536 respectively. In education section, total literates in Panvel city are 151,693 of which 79,450 are males while 72,243 are females. Average literacy rate of Panvel city is percent of which male and female literacy was and percent. he sex ratio of Panvel city is 946 per 1000 males. Child sex ratio of girls is 904 per 1000 boys. Total children (0-6) in Panvel city are 18,459 as per figure from Census India report on There were 9,695 boys while 8,764 are girls. The child forms % of total population of Panvel City. Sr. No. Table No Village s wise demography at a glance within 10 km Study Area Name No_H H TOT_P TOT_ M TOT_ F P_SC P_ST P_LIT P_ILL TOT_ WORK P MAIN WORK P 1 Akulwadi Ambivali T. Tungartan (CT) Ambivali T. Tungartan (CT) WARD NO Ambivali T.Wankhal Apte Ariwali Ashte Barwai Bhingar Bhingarwadi Borivali Borle Chambharli Chawane Chinchavan Chirvat Chouk Manivali Dahivali Dapiwali MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 78

106 Sr. No. Name No_H H TOT_P TOT_ M TOT_ F P_SC P_ST P_LIT P_ILL TOT_ WORK P MAIN WORK P 20 Derawali Devloli Bk Dharni Dolghar Dushmi Gherakilla Manikgad Ghote Gulsunde Hatnoli Isambe Jambhivali Jambhivali Tarf Boreti Jatade Jawali Kaire Kalhe Kaliwali Kambe Kandroli Tarf Wankhal Karade Bk Karade Kh Karnala Karodi Kasal Khand Kasap Kasar Bhat Kharpada Kon Kopari Koral Ladiwali Lohop Majgaon Mandap Mohili Inam Mohili Khalsa Mohope Mohpada Alias Wasambe (CT) MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

107 Sr. No. 58 Name Mohpada Alias Wasambe (CT) WARD NO No_H H TOT_P TOT_ M TOT_ F P_SC P_ST P_LIT P_ILL TOT_ WORK P MAIN WORK P Nadhal Narpoli Nidhavali Nigdoli Niphad Padale Pali Bk Pali Kh Parade Parkhande Posari Poud Poyanje Ransai Rees (CT) Rees (CT) WARD NO Sangurli Sarang Sarsai Savale Savane Shedung Shirdhon Somtane Talashi Talavali Tupgaon Turade Turmale Vanivali Vat Vaveghar Vayal Wadgaon Warad Washiwali MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 80

108 Health Status As per the National Health Policy (1983), Primary Health Care has been accepted as main instrument for achieving this goal of development and strengthening rural health infrastructure through a three-tier system, viz., Primary Health Centre (PHCs), Sub Centres and Community Health Centre, which have been established. During discussion with the supervisor of PHC of the region it has been revealed that the general prevailing diseases in the region are Gastroenteritis, Diarrhea, Fever and Malaria. Cough, cold, viral fever, diabetes, hypertension, and tuberculosis are the common diseases prevalent in the study area. Every Primary health centre organizes immunization camp, pulse polio camp, eye camp, ANC and PNC clinic and respiratory clinic Cultural and aesthetic attributes A few of the foremost celebrated festivals are Gokulashtami, Gudi Padwa, Rangapanchami, Diwali, and Ganeshotsav, and popular deities are Ganesha, Shiva and Krishna. All most all villages have temples in their villages. All people celebrate all Hindu festival commonly few villages celebrate grand yatra and puja in their villages. Villagers celebrate Ganesh chaturthi, Shiv Jayanti, Hanuman Jayanti and Gram Dev puja. Proposed project don t disturb any cultural and aesthetic environment in study area Infrastructure resource base The infrastructure resources base of the study area with reference to education, medical facility, water supply, post and telegraph, transportation and communication facility and power supply etc. are available in the area. The infrastructure resources details have been abstracted from village Directory CD 2011 of Maharashtra State and are described below: Education: Educational facilities are available in all of the villages in the study area. Literacy rate of the study area is quite good that is about 80 %. Primary, Middle and Higher schools are available in the villages. College facility is available in nearby town. Female literacy is good; people attitude regarding female education is good. 81 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

109 Drinking Water: The water supply in the region is mostly through wells and hand pumps. For drinking purpose people are using only ground water supply, but very few hand pumps are available for drinking water. Communication and Transportation: Transportation is to the satisfactory level in the villages. Bus service is available in all most all villages. The roads condition is good and also properly maintained. Most of the villages in the study area have the communication facility i.e. post office at village. Private telephone connections in most of the villages. Power Supply: Almost all villages are electrified in the region and electricity is available for domestic purpose in all the villages while power supply used for agricultural purpose is rare. Medical/Primary Health Care: Medical facilities in terms of; primary health center and primary health sub centers are adding medical facility in the villages. Primary Health Centre in the study area is available at a distance of 0-5 km in the villages & primary health sub centers are also available in most of the village. Community Health worker & doctors visit villages periodically & provide health facilities to the people. Vaccination & health camps are also organized by PHC to aware the people about family planning, hygiene, & health care. Observation The salient observations recorded during survey in the study area: Majority of the respondents are engaged in working in Industry, agriculture activity and other work and allied activities. Sanitation facilities are unsatisfactory in the study area. There are open drains from where the domestic waste water is disposed. People are not at all aware and careful about hygiene and cleanliness, this has resulted to increase of health problems in the area. Power supply facility is available in almost villages and town in the study area mostly for domestic purpose. Drinking water sources is mostly from gram Panchayat water supply also from wells and hand pump. As regard to the drinking water facility people expressed that the quality of river water is poor. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 82

110 Medical facilities in terms of primary health center and primary health sub centers in the rural areas are good. The hospitals are available, have very good facilities. Doctors and nurse visit the villages for providing medical treatment. Transportation facility is seen very satisfactory in the study area because the road conditions are very good and satisfactory. People awareness about the development of Industrial area. Some of the villagers are complaining for pollution 3.15 Existing Industries in the Study Area Alkyl Amines & Chemicals Ltd. Jaysynth Dyestuff Ltd. A/7, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga A/29, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Amri India Pvt Ltd. Joti Foam Products Ltd. Plot No. 181, Jawahar Co-Indstrial Estate A/27, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga Kamothe Tal : Panvel Dist : Raigad Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Anaga Specialities Pvt Ltd Kamani Oil Industries Pvt Ltd Gat No. 28, 2b, Savroli Kharpada Road, Takai - Adoshi Road Tal : Khalapur At : Kumbhivali, Tal : Khalapur Khopoli Dist : Raigad Antony Garages Pvt. Ltd. K.D.L Bio - Tech Ltd. Plot No. D-2, Add. Patalganga Ind. Area Village : Savaroli, Khopoli - Khalapur (Engg. Zone) Patalganga, Post Box - 07 Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad Dist: Raigad, Pin Astec Lifesicences Ltd Lakeland Chemicals ( I ) Ltd. B/17 Midc Industrial Area, Mahad Survey No. 63, 6a, 6b, At : Madap Dist ; Raigad Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad Azeocryst Organics Pvt. Ltd. Lona Industries Ltd. A/17, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga At : Ladivali, Po : Rasayani Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Dist: Raigad, Pin: Baba Steels Pvt Ltd Om Barrels 102/25 Savroli, Khopoli - Khalapur Hissa No. 1 - A / 2 - A, Survey No. 108 Tal : Khalapur, Dist : Raigad Village : Wavanje, Tal : Panvel, Dist : Raigad Bakul Aromatics & Chemicals Ltd. P I Drugs & Pharmaceuticals Ltd A/6, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga Plot No. B - 32, G - 2 & G - 3, Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Midc Industrial Area Mahad, Dist : Raigad Bhansali Bright Bars Pvt Ltd Parekh Stainless Wire Pvt Ltd Plot No. 24/2-25/2 Survey No ,108-B,108-C, Village : Tambati Village : Kumbhivali Tal : Khalapur Khopoli - Khalapur, Tal : Khalapur, Dist : Raigad Bhushan Steels Ltd Parale International Pvt. Ltd. At : Savroli, Tal : Khalapur, At : Vanivali, Tal: Khalapur, Dist : Raigad Dist: Raigad, Pin: Bombay Dyeing & Mfg. Co. Ltd. Pradeep Shetye Pvt Ltd A/1, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga 23, Majethia Industrial Estate Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: W. T. Patil Marg, Chembur Mumbai Castrol ( I ) Ltd. Prasol Chemicals Ltd A/8-15, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga Takai Adoshi Road Honad Village Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Khopoli Tal : Khalapur Dist : Raigad 83 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

111 Cipla Ltd. Reliance Industries Ltd. A/33/1-2, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga B/1, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Conros Steel Pvt. Ltd. Rishraj Filaments Ltd Survey No. 26,28,29,12, At: Vanvathe Survey No. 45,46,47-1-1b( 3 ) At : Kumbhivali Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Tal : Khalapur, Dist : Raigad D S V Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. Romit Resins Pvt Ltd Unit No. 2, Plot No. 10, At: Esambe, Po: Majgaon P/25, Gala No. 4, Community Building Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin : Bawan Bunglow, Panvel Co-Op Hsg. Society Panvel, Pin : Dawood Scrap Merchants Rubby Mills Ltd Rohinjan Village At : Panvel Village : Dhamni, Savroli - Kharpada Road Mumbra Panvel Road Dist : Raigad Tal : Khalapur, Dist Raigad Delta System Plot No. 17, Panchsheel Ind. Estate Ruchi Soya Industries Ltd. Savroli Kharpada Road, Kharsundi Village At : Esambe, Tal: Khalapur, Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Dist: Raigad, Pin: Dimple Drums & Barreles Ltd. S.H.Kelkar & Co. Pvt. Ltd. At: Gulsunde, Po: Rasayani Lal Bahadur Shastri Marg, Mulund, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Mumbai Dujodwala Products Ltd. Saiprabha Marine Services Pvt Ltd Savroli Kharpada Road, At: Kumbhivali A/P : Dighode Tal : Uran Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Dist : Raigad Eastern Petroleum Pvt Ltd Samrat Wire And Steel , Jawhar Indl Estate, Survey No , Village : Dheku Kamothe, Panvel Khopoli - Khalapur Dist - Raigad, Maharashtra Tal : Khalapur, Dist : Raigad Elder Health & Care Ltd. Santogen Silk Mills Ltd. A/38-3, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga A/13, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Elder Pharmaceutical Ltd. Satyam Pharma Chem Pvt Ltd A/36, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga A/31, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Elder Projects Ltd. Siddhant Industries Pvt. Ltd A/38-2, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga At: Ransai ( Khopoli Pen Road ) Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Tal : Khalapur, Dist: Raigad Gargi Huttenes Albertus Pvt Ltd ( Khopoli Unit ) Silicon International Products Takai - Adoshi Road, Vill : Atkargaon S R 3615, A - 2, Villege : Dahivali, Tal : Khalapur Dist : Raigad Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Gayatri Paper Mills Ltd. Sundshield Chemicals Ltd A/32, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga Village : Rasal Pali Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Tal : Khalapur Dist : Raigad Global Towers Limited Tata Power Company Ltd Gat No. 143, Mouje : Dingrajwadi Mw Dg Set Project Bhima Koregaon, Tal : Shirur Survey No. 119 A/B, Village : Ris Dist : Pune, Pin : ( Lodhivali ) Tal : Khalapur, Dist : Raigad Hanil Era Textiles Ltd Thermax Ltd Village : Vanivali, Tal : Khalapur At : Paudh Tal : Khalapur Dist : Raigad, Pin Dist : Raigad Hindustan Insecticides Ltd. Times Mauser Industries Pvt Ltd Po : Rasayani, Dist : Raigad Survey No. 160/191 At ; Ambeghar, Pin : Pen Khopoli Road Tal : Pen Dist : Raigad MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 84

112 Hindustan Organic Chemicals Ltd. Unitop Chemicals Ltd. Po : Rasayani, Dist : Raigad A/18, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga Pin : Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Hindustan Stainless Vasundhra Fine Organics Pvt Ltd Savroli - Kharpada Road Village : Kumbhivali 48, Vridc Village : Lohop, Po: Majgaon Tal / Po : Khalapur, Khopoli, Dist : Raigad Tal : Khalapur, Dist : Raigad Pin : Indian Speciality Chemical Company Venus Wire Industries Pvt Ltd Gat No. 355, Takai - Adoshi Road, At : Atkargaon Po : Sajgaon Village - Adoshi, Tal: Khalapur, Tal " Khalapur Dist : Raigad Dist: Raigad Wanbury Ltd. Indoco Remedies Ltd A/15, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga A/26, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Inox Air Products Ltd. Woodall India Pvt Ltd A/5, Midc Industrial Area, Patalganga Plot No. 15, 18, Lophgaon, Po: Isamba (Ptg) Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Insinox Steels Ltd Yash Enterprises Village : Savaroli, Khopoli - Khalapur Plot No. 32, Honad Tembewada Road Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad Honad, Khalapur, Dist : Raigad Interdril Repair & Services Zenith Multiple Wires Pvt Ltd Gat No. 24, At : Borivali, Grass Steels Compound Sr. No. 7 Tal: Khalapur, Dist: Raigad, Pin: At : Dheku, Tal : Khalapur, Dist : Raigad 3.17 Conclusion All the basic facilities like road and rail connectivity, medical and educational facilities and other required basic facilities are available in and around the project site to some extent. People residing near MIDC are aware of industrial development around. People have given mixed opinion about Industrial development. Due to MIDC, Infrastructural development is happen rapidly. MIDC providing water supply, Road development, employment opportunity. Due to upcoming proposed project, there will be additional requirement of facilities by the employees of the project. Baseline Environmental quality fund well within prescribed limit of the IS/CPCB standard. 85 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

113 Figure No Photographs during baseline data collection MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 86

114 Chapter IV: IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES In this chapter prediction and evaluation of impacts from the various activities during construction and operation phase of the proposed project are interpreted. The possibility of alteration of environmental conditions or creation of a new set of environmental conditions, adverse or beneficial, caused or induced by the action or set of actions under consideration are described in this chapter. Beneficial (positive) and adverse (negative) impacts on various components of environment are identified based on the nature of the various activities associated with proposed project Predictions are superimposed over baseline environmental status to derive ultimate environmental scenario 4.1 Identification of the Impacts The purpose of identifying the impacts is that it aids in making appropriate decision to mitigate the adverse consequences if any. It may be pointed out that the distinction between magnitude and importance of impact should be appreciated. Thus the degree of extensiveness and scale of impacts and the consequences based on value judgments are generalized while identifying impacts; as it is imperative that the impact will normally lead to a chain of reactions. The construction of network charts brings out to certain extent the appropriate levels of risks that may occur due to the interventions while interacting with hydrological, biological and social systems. The proposed project may influence the environment of the area in two phases: Construction phase: During the Construction period, the impact may be temporary or short term. Construction activities are as under, Site development (Excavation) Civil and structural construction Transportation of raw materials labor Erection and commissioning phase Transpiration and Installation of machinery Erecting other infrastructure 87 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

115 Operational Phase: During the Operation Phase which may have long term effects Fuel & raw material consumption Storage and transportation Manufacturing process Resource utilization (power, water, land etc.) Waste generation (Solid and hazardous waste): handling, storage and disposal Air emission and its control Water and waste water minimization, reuse, recycling and final disposal. Transportation of raw material and end products Green belt development Below mentioned environmental parameters are considered while identifying the impact. Table No Environmental parameter for impact identification Air Environment Water Environment Noise Environment Soil/ Land Environment Biological Environment Socioeconomic Environment Occupational health and Safety Environment Sources, ambient air quality, emission control, environment and health effects, meteorological conditions Sources, water & wastewater quality, environment and health effects Sources, control measures, environment and health effects Land use, change in land use pattern, pollution sources, soil quality change, environment and health effects Flora and fauna of the study area, vegetation and habitat change and control measures Demographical details, economic status, employment status, infrastructure availability, environment and health effects Identification of health hazard due to operation, material handling, exposure of hazardous chemical, health and safety plan and disaster management. Impact criteria will be Negligible Impacts: It signifies that the actions have some effect, but it will not cause any harmful quantifiable damage or benefit to the environmental parameters concerned. Moderate Impacts: The activities and their environmental impacts are to be slightly potential significant or significant but for short term Significant Impacts: If the activities and their environmental impacts are to be potential significant or reversible MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 88

116 4.2 Impact identification During construction and commissioning phase The construction phase of the project is expected to last for about one year. Hence, all construction impacts on the environment can be considered short term as compared to the operational impacts. During construction stage, excavation, material storage and movement, vehicular movement, mixing operation etc. could affect air quality. However, such impacts will be minimized by taking appropriate measures as described in EMP. The following activities given in matrix among others are likely to contribute towards impacts on the surroundings during construction phase Table No Construction and commissioning phase impact matrix Environment components Resources utilization Project activity Impacts on Construction Phase Site clearing Site preparation Transportatio n of material Civil/construct ion work Influx of construction workers Fuel Electricity Water Air Air Quality Land/ Soil Soil erosion Contamination Alteration of Soil properties/ Soil Quality Land topography Noise Noise pollution Ecology Effect on trees, grasses, herbs & shrubs Occupational Health & Hazards Health Sanitation Generation of temporary and permanent Jobs 89 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

117 Land/ Soil environment Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for land environment Activities Excavation, land clearance Waste water and solid waste from construction activity Impact without mitigation measures Site preparation activities shall change land use and land cover which will result in loss of fertility of top soil and will change the natural terrain of the land. Fertile soil and nature of terrain supports associated living of organisms. Sewage by the worker and other staff involved during construction phase. Untreated sewage and garbage disposal on land might pollute the land which may change physical and chemical properties of soil. Soil properties affects the living organisms present in the soil. Improper disposal of sewage and garbage provides breeding ground for pathogenic bacteria. Proposed mitigation measures Proposed site is plan with few undulating patches. No major excavation will be needed. Excavated soil will be stored properly to avoid the spread of wind-blown dust and shall be reused for backfilling and landscape development. Proposed land is vacant with minor scrubby vegetation. Local labor will be involved in the construction work. Hence no labor colony will be on the site. Sewage generation will be very minor and will not cause harmful effect on land. Spillage & leakage material during construction will be prevented by providing well lined/ paved area for the works having potential of leakage/ spillage of fuel or material. Materials like wooden boxes and jute wrappers will be stored and disposed of properly. Impact Potential control major Temporary Negligible impact Temporary Negligible impact Impacts on Air Quality Impact will be predicated on sources, ambient air quality, emission control, and environment and health effects. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 90

118 Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for air environment Sources leveling, grading, earthworks, foundation works and other construction related activities Resources utilization Transportation Impact without mitigation measures Increase in the levels of SO2, NOx, PM and CO within the plant area. Dust accumulation on leaf retard the photosynthesis rate of plant which affect growth of plants Health problems to construction workers Ex. eye irritation, coughing & sneezing. Handling construction material such as cement, Stone, Bricks, sand etc. Dust generation. Continuous exposure causes respiratory dieses. Increase in the levels of SO2, NOx, PM and CO within the plant area Proposed mitigation measures Temporary impact within factory premises. Temporary impact within factory premises. Precautions like water sprinkling, PPEs to worker temporary walls around construction site will minimize to health effect and property damage. Covered transportation, regular maintenance of vehicles, PUC check, avoiding overloading, minimize Idling of vehicles Impact Potential with control major Short-term Negligible impact Short-term Negligible impact Impacts on Noise Quality Major noise generation due to handling of raw material, construction equipment, DG set. However, it will be up to 75 db (A) and it will be within plant premises. Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for noise environment Sources leveling, grading, earthworks foundation works and other Impact without mitigation measures High noise level leads to disturbance to immediate surrounding i.e. workers, biological and social environment. Proposed mitigation measures Ear muffs and Ear plugs shall be provided to workers. Regular maintenance of vehicles. Temporary walls Impact potential with control major Short-term Negligible impact 91 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

119 Sources construction related activities Transportation Impact without mitigation measures Biological environment i.e. Birds, reptiles are sensitive to high noise level. Continuous exposure of high noise level sometimes leads to hearing defects and physical Increasing in road traffic disrupts social environment i.e. Residential, hospital, school religious places in the area. Proposed mitigation measures around construction will acts as noise barrier. Night time construction activity shall be prohibited. Peak hour traffic shall be avoided. Regular maintenance of vehicles. Internal village road shall be avoided. Impact potential with control major Short-term Negligible impact Impacts on water quality Anticipated impact on water quality will be from sewage disposal, leachate percolation, and surface runoff. Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for water environment Sources/Activity Sewage disposal surface and ground water contamination due to percolation of leachate generated during construction Impact without mitigation measures Disposal of sewage, runoff, & percolation of leachate causes water pollution and deterioration of water quality i.e. ph, EC, BOD, COD. Proposed mitigation measures Temporary arrangement for sanitation facility shall be done construction materials shall be stored on tarpaulin sheets Leachate from storage shall not be allowed to runoff into natural water body. Separate drain will be provided to avoid surface runoff. Impact Potential with control major Short-term Negligible impact Impacts on ecological environment The proposed project will be located in notified industrial area of Additional Patalganga MIDC. Hence, impacts on ecology due project on immediate surrounding is not envisaged. No major impacts on water and land environment is anticipated. Identified impacts are short MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 92

120 terms and restricted to factory premises. Nearby ecologically sensitive receptor are Karnala Bird Wildlife sanctuary falls within 5 km radius i.e. around 2.0 km in west and Patalganga River is flowing at a distance of 0.6 km in North West from the project site. However, as stated proposed project will be in notified MIDC, there will not be any adverse negative impact during construction phase. No major tree cutting is involved. Proposed plot is vacant with minor scrubby vegetation with seasonal herbs and shrubs. Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for Ecological environment Sources/Activity Transportation, leveling, grading, earthworks, foundation works and other construction related activities Impact without mitigation measures Impacts on ecology due project on immediate surrounding is not envisaged. Particulate matter emission affect impacts on flora & fauna in the area. Particulate matter hindered Photosynthetic activities. Proposed plot is vacant with minor scrubby vegetation with seasonal herbs and shrubs. Proposed mitigation measures Temporary walls around construction site will avoid dust emission out site the site. It will be restricted to construction site only. Top soil will be reutilize in green belt development in the factory premises. Impact Potential with control major Short-term Negligible impact Impacts on Social environment The proposed project will be located in notified industrial area of Additional Patalganga MIDC. Hence, there will not be any habitation and resettlement problems. Positive social benefits are envisaged due to project in terms of employment generation. 93 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

121 Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for social environment Sources/Activity Transportation, leveling, grading, earthworks, foundation works and other construction related activities, Resources consumption, Impact without mitigation measures Emission of particulate matters/dust during construction work. Dust emission may cause health impact like respiratory problems. Risk associate during construction work. Accidents due to unsafe practices, leads to sever health injuries. Influx of people causes minor increase in road traffic. There will be direct and indirect employment generation. Approximately 50 workers will be benefited. Proposed mitigation measures All necessary PPEs shall be provided to workers. Water sprinkling will be done whenever necessary. Training shall be conducted between construction workers for safe practices. Proper supervision on construction work to avoid major accidents The impacts on traffic due to increase in vehicle movement shall not be anticipated as truck trips will not exceed more than 5 trips per day. Impact Potential with control major Short-term Negligible impact with some positive Impact in terms of employment generation During operation phase During operation phase emission from storage, transportation, manufacturing processes there will be minor impacts on air, water, soil, and biological environment. In absence of mitigation measures effluent generation deteriorates the water quality, which ultimately affect other environmental parameters. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 94

122 Table No Operation phase impact matrix impact assessment Environment components Activities Impacts on Manufacturing Operation Phase Thermo pack operation Storage of raw material & Products Fugitive and Stack emissions Effluent generation Solid hazardous disposal Traffic Runoff Green belt development Resources Fuel utilization Electricity Water Air Air Quality Soil/Land Contamination Alteration of Soil properties/ Soil Quality Noise Noise pollution v Ecology Effect on trees, grasses, herbs & shrubs, fauna Occupational Health & Hazards Health Sanitation Generation of temporary and permanent Jobs Considering the project activities above mentioned impact prediction has been made, the anticipated considerable impacts on the environment are, Land/ Soil environment Ambient air quality Water quality Noise levels Water resources Land/ Soil environment Soil quality can be deteriorate due to improper storage and disposal of chemicals & products. Major anticipated impacts are described below. 95 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

123 Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for Soil environment Sources/Activity Storage and transportation of chemicals, other raw material, product. Leakages through various connecting pipelines, breakdown of storage utility other control equipment Storage of hazardous chemicals, Waste material. Storage of Propionic acid, acetic acid Hydrated Lime/Lime, Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, Furnace oil. Waste water generation and disposal. Total effluent generation will be CMD; out of that 70 CMD will be recycled in the process. Other domestic effluent and Impact without mitigation measures Soil deterioration change in soil properties due to disposal of chemicals Other toxic material leads to low fertility. Hazardous waste will be Sludge (20-25 kg/m) and filter material from the process (85 kg/m). Disposal or leakages on land causes soil deterioration, change in soil properties due to disposal of chemicals or other toxic material leads to low fertility. Untreated effluent may increase level of toxic compound in soil. Toxic compound in soil will result in change in soil property ultimately leads to low fertility of the soil of the contaminated area. Proposed mitigation measures Regular monitoring of the storage area for leakages Periodic maintenance of vehicles and storage facility Provision of garland drain. Training to employees for proper handling and precautionary measure to be taken. Concrete flooring will be provided within the storage area and plant area. In case of failure of pollution control equipment emergency shutdown shall be taken. Hazardous will be stored in designated area. Leakages shall be avoided with proper maintenance and monitoring. Hazardous waste shall be send to CHWTSDF. Proper effluent treatment shall be provided. No effluent shall be dispose on the land. Factory proposes ZLD scheme for proposed effluent treatment. Impact Potential with control major Negligible Negligible Negligible MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 96

124 Sources/Activity lab effluent will be treated in proposed ETP of 5 CMD capacity. Impact without mitigation measures Negative effect on aesthetic environment Proposed mitigation measures Impact Potential with control major Ambient Air Environment No process emission from the manufacturing process. Air emissions are anticipated from Thermo Pac and D.G set stack. Two DG set of capacity will be utilized in case of power failure. Three Thermo Pac with total capacity 15 lacs kcal/hr will be provided. Adequate stack height of 39.5 m will be provided. The air pollutant that are discharged from the proposed unit are Dust particulate from vehicular movement in the premises Particulate matter Sulphur-di-Oxide and Nitrogen oxide etc. from DG and stack. Fugitive emissions from raw material storage and handling. TPM shall be less than <100 mg/nm 3, SO2 and NOx emission shall be below prescribed limit of MPCB guideline. Probable Ground Level Concentration (GLC) of pollutant due to proposed project is estimated by AERMOD model. Anticipated impact and its mitigations measures are described in below Table. Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for Air Environment Sources/Activity Vehicular movement, material and product transportation Impact without mitigation measures Increase in PM, SO2, NOx & CO due to vehicular emission. The truck trips during the operation phase will not exceed more than 8-10 truck trips per day. Air quality gets deteriorated Proposed mitigation measures Periodic maintenance of vehicles should be carried out. Green belt development Impact Potential with control major Negligible impact 97 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

125 Sources/Activity Fugitive emissions due Storage and handling of raw materials & products Impact without mitigation measures and negatively affect human & ecological health. Impact on air quality are likely to occur due to fugitive emissions during handling and transferring of materials, products & storage Tanks, in case of improper handling or absence of proper control. During product storage & packing odour will be generated which could affect mood, anxiety and stress level. Hazards material storage may affect impact on ambient air quality and may cause human & ecological health due to temporary increase in level of PM, SO2, NOX No process emissions are anticipated Air emissions are anticipated from Thermo Pac stack and from DG set Proposed mitigation measures Periodic maintenance of vehicles and material storage area Workplace monitoring will be carried at regular intervals. Impact Potential with control major Negligible impact Process emissions & Utility Operations System break down Deterioration ambient air quality due to emissions resulting in increase in PM, SO2, NOx, CO & VOC Thermo Pac with adequate 39.5 m stack height. DG set will be utilized in case of power failure. D.G set will be placed in acoustic enclosure with adequate stack height as per CPCB norms. Also, the predicted level of pollutants in the ambient air are well below the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Emergency shutdown will be done in case of system failure Solid hazardous waste management (handling, storage, transportation, & disposal) shall be made as Moderate Impacts Significant Impacts MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 98

126 Sources/Activity Impact without mitigation measures Proposed mitigation measures per statutory equipment/ guidelines. For complying with the regulations regarding emergency situations, standard operating procedures shall be made. Impact Potential with control major Model accepts hourly meteorological data records to define conditions for plume rise, transport, diffusion and deposition. The model estimates the concentration value for source and receptor combination for each hour of input meteorology and calculates user-selected short-term averages. Air modeling Air pollution causes harmful effect on environment and on living organism. Air pollutants can be in the form of particulate matter which can be harmful to human health. Short-term effects include irritation to the eyes, nose and throat, and upper respiratory infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia. Others include headaches, nausea, and allergic reactions. Short-term air pollution can aggravate the medical conditions of individuals with asthma and emphysema. Long-term health effects can include chronic respiratory disease, lung cancer, heart disease, and even damage to the brain, nerves, liver, or kidneys. Continual exposure to air pollution affects the lungs of growing children and may aggravate or complicate medical conditions in the elderly. Air emissions from stacks and other sources can cause health and nuisance problems in the locality. Air Dispersion Modelling predicts emissions from a site and help explore the effect of various solutions. The air dispersion model will take the stack emissions and combine these with the weather conditions and effects of topography (hills, buildings etc.) and then predict the concentration at ground level of the emissions. The concentration of the substances are then generally compared to the ambient air quality standards. 99 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

127 Methodology The dispersion modeling studies of proposed pollutant was carried out using AERMOD version which is also approved by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and also recommended by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC). The AERMOD atmospheric dispersion modeling system Atmospheric dispersion modeling is the mathematical simulation of how air pollutants disperse in the ambient atmosphere. It is performed with computer programs that include algorithms to solve the mathematical equations that govern the pollutant dispersion. The dispersion models are used to estimate the downwind ambient concentration of air pollutants or toxins emitted from sources. They can also be used to predict future concentrations under specific scenarios. Prior to air quality modeling exercise, meteorological condition of one season within the study area was studied. Concentrations were estimated for the critical pollutants over 8 and 24 hours and compared with NAAQS. Potential Air Environment Impact Assessment During operation phase, three Thermo pack 15 lac kcal/hr will be proposed with separate stack. The main air pollution source and SO2 and NOx may be expected as prime criteria air pollutants. Based on the model simulation result under observed meteorological condition, 24 hours average maximum GLC of SO2 and NOx due to proposed boilers are predicted to be approximately 11.0 and µg/m 3 respectively and occurs at a distance at about 750 m from the common stack location in the SE and W direction. Model simulated result envisages that incremental ground level concentrations of critical pollutants due to proposed plant operation may be expected minimal and the resultant concentration level of SO2 and NOx pollutants may also be expected well within the NAAQS. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 100

128 Table No Stack height details No Particulates Stack One Stack 2 1 Fuel Firing rate Air/Fuel Ratio Excess air 17.0 % 17.0 % 4 Temperature 320 o C 320 o C 5 Flow 2379 Nm3/hr 2379 Nm3/hr 6 Analysis% N O2 5.6 CO H2O SO2 quantity 15.9 kg/hr 15.9 kg/hr 8 Height 39.5 m 39.5 m 9 Stack dia 375 mm 375 mm 10 Exit temp. 180 o C 180 o C Figure No Spatial distribution of 24-hour average SO2 conc. (g/m3) 101 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

129 Figure No Spatial distribution of 24-hour average NO2conc. (g/m3) MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 102

130 Impact on traffic density Incoming raw material will be mainly Propionic acid, Acetic acid, Hydrated Lime/Lime, Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide. The transportation shall be carried out by tempos or trucks. Existing Road network details The site is well connected by pacca internal village roads Savroli Kharpada road adjacent and Mumbai Pune express way 5 km. Impacts During operation phase, approx nos. of raw material transportation vehicles will be running. Present road condition is good and capacity to carry the number of vehicle during season. Road will be maintained in good condition. Covered transportation shall be preferred. Hence there will not be any fugitive dust/ VOC generation during transportation of raw materials, fuel, and products. Good traffic management system will be developed and implemented for the incoming and outgoing vehicles so as to avoid congestion on the public road. Separate 1495 sq.m. area is earmarked for parking in the company premises Impact on Noise Environment Ambient noise levels will be increased during operation phase due to machineries and other industrial activities. However the impacts of noise during this phase will be confined within plant boundary or within the source of generation. Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors on Noise Environment Sources/Activity Vehicular movement, material, product transportation, storage Impact without mitigation measures Loading and unloading of material /products continuous Proposed mitigation measures Regular maintenance of vehicles and PPES to workers Impact potential with control major Negligible impact 103 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

131 Sources/Activity and handling of raw materials & products Process & Utility Operations (Raw & finished product handling, machineries, Thermo- packs, DG set etc.) Impact without mitigation measures exposure causes hearing problems Fans, blowers and compressors, Thermopack, anticipated noise level will be < 70 db. continuous exposure causes hearing problems Proposed mitigation measures PPES to workers Maintenance of all equipment s. Acoustic enclosures will be provided to all high noise generating equipment s. Green belt development in the premises helps to minimize and restrict the noise level in the factory premises. Impact potential with control major Moderate impact Water Environment The total water requirement is about 220 CMD for domestic, process, cooling and gardening purpose. It will be source from MIDC which is available at site. Total effluent generation will be CMD; out of that 70 CMD will be recycling in the process. Domestic effluent and process, lab effluent will be treated in proposed ETP cum STP of 5 CMD capacity. Zero discharge system will be achieved. Table No Composition of waste water generated Sr. No. Parameter Unit Inlet to ETP After Primary treatment Inlet to STP Composite ETP and STP After Sec. treatment 1. Flow m 3 /d BOD mg/l COD mg/l TSS mg/l < TDS mg/l Tert. Treatment MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 104

132 Table No Impact prediction and proposed mitigation majors for Water Environment Sources/Activity Storage and transportation of raw materials & products Consumption of resources (water) Manufacturing of Products and Utility operations Temporary breakdown & repair of equipment Impact without mitigation measures Disposal/leakages/ spillage deteriorate the surface water and ground water quality in the area which ultimately affect aquatic & terrestrial ecosystem. Exploitation of resources Disposal of untreated effluent into surface water and ground water will deteriorate water quality in the area which affect aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem Untreated water spillages on land or surface water bodies will contaminate water. Proposed mitigation measures Dyke wall shall be constructed wherever necessary. Storage area shall be on concrete based plant form So surface water extraction will be done. Water will be recycled in the process and in gardening. Roof top rain water harvesting shall be done in the premises. Wastewater will be generated from cooling and domestic, laboratory, and very less effluent will be generated from processing. Cooling blow down and domestic water shall be treated in proposed 5 CMD ETP cum STP. Strom water drainage shall be provided to avoid missing of industrial area runoff to the natural rain water runoff. Regular maintenance of the ETP shall be done. ETP tanks shall have impervious flooring with garland drains. In case of failure of ETP, emergency shutdown of plant will be taken. Impact potential with control major Negligible Impact Moderate Impact Negligible Moderate 105 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

133 Figure No ETP-STP hydraulic flow diagram MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 106

134 Impact on Ecological Environment As stated earlier project will be located in notified MIDC area. There will not be any ecological damage is anticipated as far as the project site is concern. No major tree cutting will be envisaged. Only ground clearance with some herbaceous species with few shrubs and 2-3 tress will be cleared. Karnala Bird sanctuary is within 5 km from the project site. River Patalganaga flowing at a distance of 0.6 km in west. There will be no major impact anticipated on air, water, noise, land environment considering the potential emissions form the proposed project. Hence, no major ecological damage will be on occurred. Table No Identification of impacts & mitigation measures for Ecological environment Sources/Activity Storage and transportation of raw materials & products, Hazardous storage Impact without mitigation measures Disposal of raw material/ product on land, dust accumulation causes toxic effect on terrestrial flora in terms of hindering the growth, photosynthetic activity, burning of leaves, affect flowering fruiting. Proposed mitigation measures Covered transport, concreted storage lining. Reduction of fugitive emissions through Proper storage, regular maintenance of raw material and product. Impact potential with control major Negligible Impact Manufacturing of Products and Utility operations Burning of fuel stack emissions of PM, SO2, NOx, and CO etc. Disposal of untreated effluent, Storm water runoff drains contaminates of surface water bodies thereby changing water characteristics which effect aquatic in terms of flora loss of species, bioaccumulation and bio- magnification ultimately can affect food chain. Adequate stack height will be provided by the proponent for better dispersion of pollutants generated from the utilities. Negligible Impact 107 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

135 Sources/Activity Temporary breakdown & repair of equipment Impact without mitigation measures Ecological damage in case of complete failure of the pollution control equipment s and other utilities. Proposed mitigation measures Regular maintenance and supervision of the all pollution control equipment s and the process utilities. Impact potential with control major Moderate Impact Impact on Socio-Economic Environment No resettlement and rehabilitation (R&R) will be required as the proposed project will be located in notified industrial estate of Additional Patalganga MIDC. No additional infrastructure is required, MIDC has provided proper road network, Water, electricity availability. Hence, there will not be any burden of natural resources exploitation on local community. Minor increase in traffic is anticipated due to transportation of materials. Table No Identification of impacts & mitigation measures for socio-economic environment Sources/Activity Storage and transportation of raw materials & products Impact without mitigation measures Occupational health and safety hazard may occur due to transportation & handling of materials. Exposure of chemicals causes health effect like, bronchitis, eye irritation, cough, stress, skin irritation and headache. Proposed mitigation measures All precautionary PPES shall be provided. Safety officers shall monitor the workers Proper training for handling of equipment s, chemicals shall be provided. Precautionary measures signs shall be displayed wherever needed. Standard operating procedure for storage & handling, safety, disaster & emergency action shall be displayed and strictly followed by the workers/ staff engage in such activities. Impact potential with control major Negligible impact MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 108

136 Sources/Activity Solid hazardous waste management Manufacturing of Products and Utility operations Temporary breakdown & repair of equipment Impact without mitigation measures Impact on health of the employee and the immediate surrounding if improperly handled. Fugitive emissions are storage, transportation, handling are anticipated. Health and safety during operation of equipment operation Employment generation Migratory population influx causes certain changes in the social culture Spillage/emissions of chemicals, gaseous emissions, effluents, hazardous waste affect human health of immediate surrounding Proposed mitigation measures Safety officer will supervise the same. Identification of risk and hazards due to storage and of hazardous waste like process filtrate, process residues and spent oil shall be assessed and its emergency action plan shall be executed. SOPs shall be made and displayed wherever it is necessary. All precautionary PPES and first aid shall be provided. Local people shall be engaged as much as possible to avoid migratory influx Corporate Environment responsibility plan as per MOEFCC rules with the help of local need shall be implemented. Proper safety measures with PPES, First aid box, awareness, and training will be provided. Impact potential with control major Moderate impact Moderate impact 4.3 Impact Assessment Matrix Impact matrix facilitates to identify components and phases of project activities for determination of likely impacts. Matrix identifies the interaction between project activities and environmental components using a grid like table. Entries are made in the cell which highlights impact severity in the form of symbols or numbers or descriptive comments. The impact of different project activities on various environmental components like biological 109 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

137 environment, air environment, aesthetics and socio-economic have been summarized in a form of a matrix in Table Environmental Pollution Water: surface and ground water pollution Air: Ambient air quality Soil: Soil quality Land: Change in land use pattern and topography Biological Environment Existing Flora and fauna Aquatic Ecosystem Socioeconomic Environment Health and safety, cultural, aesthetic and economic aspects MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 110

138 Table No Impact Matrix of Proposed Project Environment components Project activity Parameters Pre-construction Construction Phase Operation and maintenance Land acquisition Site clearing Site preparation Excavation / Temporary structure Transportation of material Civil/construction work Influx of construction workers Transportation of material Movement of energy reserves Manufacturing process Raw Material / Finished Products Storage & Handling Storage of raw material and finished products Operation of cooling system Pollution control equipment s non functioning Resources utilization Fuel Electricity Water Construction material ex. Stone Land Air Air Quality Climate Water Alteration of surface/ groundwater bodies Alteration of surface run-off and interflow Alteration of Hydraulic Regime Contamination MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

139 Environment components Project activity Parameters Pre-construction Construction Phase Operation and maintenance Land acquisition Site clearing Site preparation Excavation / Temporary structure Transportation of material Civil/construction work Influx of construction workers Transportation of material Movement of energy reserves Manufacturing process Raw Material / Finished Products Storage & Handling Storage of raw material and finished products Operation of cooling system Pollution control equipment s non functioning Soil/Land Soil erosion Contamination Alteration of Soil properties/ Soil Quality Land topography Noise Noise pollution Ecology Effect on trees, grasses, herbs & shrubs Effect on farmland Effect on aquatic Effects on fauna ex Birds, butterflies, mammals etc. Habitat change and removal Introduce new exotic species Health MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 112

140 Environment components Project activity Parameters Pre-construction Construction Phase Operation and maintenance Land acquisition Site clearing Site preparation Excavation / Temporary structure Transportation of material Civil/construction work Influx of construction workers Transportation of material Movement of energy reserves Manufacturing process Raw Material / Finished Products Storage & Handling Storage of raw material and finished products Operation of cooling system Pollution control equipment s non functioning Occupational Health & Hazards Socioeconomic Sanitation Creation of new economic activities Commercial value of properties Generation of temporary and permanent Jobs Effect on crops Reduction of farmland productivity Income for the state and private sector Savings in foreign currency for the state MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

141 Environment components Project activity Parameters Pre-construction Construction Phase Operation and maintenance Land acquisition Site clearing Site preparation Excavation / Temporary structure Transportation of material Civil/construction work Influx of construction workers Transportation of material Movement of energy reserves Manufacturing process Raw Material / Finished Products Storage & Handling Storage of raw material and finished products Operation of cooling system Pollution control equipment s non functioning Training in new technologies & new skills to workers Political/social Conflicts Land use change Aesthetics and human interest Cultural status Evaluation marking criteria Description Value No / Zero Impact : 0 Minor/ Negligible negative impacts : -1 Minor / Negligible positive impacts : +1 Significant negative impact : -2 Significant positive impact : +2 High negative impact : -3 High positive impact : +3 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 114

142 4.3.1 Conclusion of impact matrix assessment Malfunctioning of pollution control equipment, project will have high negative impact. Appropriate Environmental Management Plan (EMP) nullifies all high potential adverse impacts. Moreover, implementation of EMP helps to convert negative impact into positive impacts. Thus proposed project is certainly safe from the environmental point of view. 4.4 Summary of anticipated Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures Significant impact from the project activities and its mitigation measures are summarize in Table Table No Impacts and mitigation measures Sr. Environment No. Aspects 1. Air Environment 2. Water Environment Potential source of Impact Stack emissions, vehicular movement, raw material handling Exploitation of surface water and disposal of waste water on land 115 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. Proposed mitigation measures Effective stack height PUC of the vehicles shall be checked periodically Periodical maintenance of vehicles If required spraying of water on the road to suppress the dust emission The total water requirement is about 220 CMD for domestic, process, cooling and gardening purpose. It will be sourced from MIDC which is available at site. 3. Land Land use Land is in MIDC area. It is under Industrial use. 4. Soil Disposal of waste on the land Total effluent generation will be CMD; out of that 70 CMD will be recycled in the process. Other domestic effluent and process, lab effluent will be treated in proposed ETP of 5 CMD capacity. 5. Noise During Operation Acoustic enclosure will be provided. Sound from the machineries or from other operation shall be restricted within plant boundary 6. Ecology Release of pollutant in environment and loss of No major vegetation clearance is required

143 vegetation during construction 7. Socioeconomic Influx of people, settlement and existing resource utilization 8. Occupational Health and safety Exposure to the chemicals, Operation of machines, Fire hazardous All required pollution control equipment will be provided to ensures the control of pollution Over all positive impact is envisaged CSR activities by proponent will be beneficial to local people All safety measures and safety equipment s will be placed. PPEs will be provided to workers and associated staff 4.5 Conclusion Major impact envisaged from proposed project activity will be waste water disposal, solid waste disposal and air emissions. An effective mitigation measure, reduction at source will reduced level of significant impact. All required control measures and required equipment shall be provided to mitigate the impacts. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 116

144 Chapter V: ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS Chapter provides the information on various alternatives for the site and technology. The industry shall explore and adopt cleaner technologies and improve the management practices to reduce generation of pollutants. 5.1 Site Selection The proposed project site is located in the MIDC area and the said area is having number of industrial estates, all basic infrastructure facilities like availability of water, electricity, fuel, transport, telecommunication systems etc. MIDC plans to further develop the infrastructure in the area. The Patalganga industrial area, adjacent to the Mohopada village, is one of the 13 chemical industrial areas developed by MIDC. Advantages of site selected are Required land is available and it is allotted by MIDC Intended use of land is for industrial use only Port availability and distance All relevant infrastructures and utilities will be provided by MIDC Site is well connected by road to Mumbai -Pune highway/expressway Raw material and products will be transported by road No homesteads are affected, hence no displacement Availability of raw material/fuel Proximity of raw material and cost-effective transportation logistics Availability of water supply The availability of water from the source is adequate to meet the requirement. Source of water for project is from MIDC. Availability of infrastructural facility Industrial infrastructural facilities such as roads, transport, security, water, power, administration etc. are available with existing MIDC. Community facilities such as quarters, medical services, education and training facility etc. are also available at site. 117 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

145 Environmental features of site There are no biosphere, mangrove, national parks etc. or protected monuments, historical places within 5 km from the site. Karnala Bird Wildlife sanctuary falls within 5 km radius i.e around 2.5 km in west. Hence, proposed project will be apprised at EAC Ind-II, MoEFCC. Patalganga River is flowing at a distance of 0.6 km in North West from the project site. Nearest village is Karade Village at 0.30 km., nearest town Mohopada at 3 km, Panvel at 13 km. 5.2 Technology Alternatives The technology selection is done on the basis of following considerations Indigenous technology Least stress on resources Reduce, recycle and reuse of wastes Reduce the pollution from the industry No risk to human and property Technology selection has been done on the basis of efficient utilization of raw material, water, electricity, fuel, and considering the recycle and reuse of wastes generated from industry. Proposed industry will be manufacturing food preservatives i.e. Calcium Propionate / Sodium Propionate powder/ calcium acetate through spray drying method and mixing method. Proponent has proposed, use of clean fuel PNG. At present Add. Patalganga MIDC does not have PNG gas provision. Whenever, PNG come to MIDC, factory management will switch to PNG, so as to reduce air emission from the stack. 5.3 Conclusion This chapter described possibility for alternative of site location and technology. Proponent has considered efficient utilization of raw material, water, electricity, fuel, and considering the recycle and reuse of wastes generated from industry. Due care will be taken from the factory management to adopt newer technology which will reduce consumption of the resources which ultimately reduce carbon foot print. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 118

146 Chapter VI: Environment Monitoring Program Present chapter delivers environment monitoring program, its frequency, parameters, and methodology for air, water, noise, and solid hazardous waste/ soil environment. It also furnishes the information of reporting system of environmental parameters and responsibility of environmental monitoring program. An environmental monitoring plan provides a delivery mechanism to address the adverse environmental impacts of a project during its execution by periodic monitoring of important environmental parameter so as to maintain the environmental quality within the standards, and to introduce standards of good practice to be adopted for all project works. 6.1 Importance of Post Environment Monitoring An environmental monitoring program is important as, It assists in detecting the impacts and control measures. It evaluates the performance and effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed in the Environment Management Plan (EMP) and suggests improvements in management plan, if required. An Environmental Monitoring Program has scheduled with the following objectives, To verify the result of the impact assessment study with respect to new developments To study the parameters which have been identified as critical Status of pollution load within the project site and its vicinity Generation of data for predictive or corrective purpose in respect of pollution To check or assess the efficiency of controlling measures 6.2 Environment aspects to be monitored Proposed project shall monitor the following environmental aspects to ensure effectiveness of EMP and mitigate any impact envisaged during the commissioning and operation phase Ambient Air and Stack Monitoring Ambient air quality will be monitored at three locations and pollutants monitored will be Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM 10, 2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx),TOC/ VOC c, O3, CO and HC 119 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

147 Monthly monitoring of stack will be carried out for the parameters such as PM, SO2 and NOx, VOC c to assess the performance of pollution control facilities installed for the unit Water and waste water quality Surface and ground water samples towards downstream of project will be collected and analyzed periodically. Inlet and Out let characteristics of ETP The characteristics of cooling water, process, and steam condensate wastewater will be analyzed periodically. Environment Statement Reports will be filed as per the schedule prescribed by Pollution Control Board Analysis of water, wastewater will be in laboratories approved by Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEFCC) or National Accreditation Board of Laboratory (NABL) will be hired Soil and Solid/ Hazardous Waste One surface soil sample from proposed ETP and project site will be taken and analyzed as per the standard method. Solid hazardous waste will be disposed of regularly as per EMP Noise monitoring Five noise monitoring location will be selected considering noise generation area. Personal protective equipment like ear plugs/ear muffs will be provided to employees working near such noisy area. The noise attenuation measures will be taken at the design stage. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 120

148 6.2.5 Occupational health and safety Routine medical examination of personnel will be carried out at regular intervals and followed for all workers to determine any changes in health condition due to the working conditions. Pre-medical check-up will also be carried out at the time of employment. 6.3 Environment Monitoring Plan The post project monitoring plan will be as follows, Prior to the commencement of operation After 6 months of commencement of operation Once in a year from the commencement of operation Environmental parameters to be monitored and its frequency after commissioning of proposed project is mentioned in Table 6.1 and Environmental Monitoring During Project Construction Stage The proposed activity envisages setting up of production structure, machineries, admin office, establishment of storage facilities etc. The construction activities are expected to one year from zero date. The generic environmental measures that to be undertaken during project construction stage are given in Table 6.1 Table No Environmental monitoring during project- Construction Stage Sr. No. Potential Impact Action to be Followed 1. Air All equipment s to be operated within specified design Parameters. Vehicle trips to be minimized to the extent possible Maintenance of DG set emissions to meet stipulated standards Ambient air quality within the premises of the Parameters for Monitoring Random checks of equipment s logs/manuals Vehicle logs Gaseous emissions (SO 2,CO,NO X) The ambient air quality will conform to the standards for Frequency of Monitoring Weekly Weekly during site clearance & construction activities Monthly emission monitoring As per CPCB/SPCB requirement or on 121 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

149 Sr. No. Potential Impact Action to be Followed proposed unit to be monitored. 2. Noise List of all noise generating machinery onsite along with age to be prepared. Equipment to be maintained in good working order. Night working is to be minimized. Generation of vehicular noise Noise to be monitored in ambient air within the plant premises. 3. Wastewater Discharge No untreated discharge to be made to surface water, ground water or soil. 4. Soil Erosion Protect top soil stockpile where possible at edge of site. 5. Drainage & Management 6. Waste Management 7. Non-routine events and accidental releases Ensure drainage system and specific design measures are working effectively The design to incorporate existing drainage pattern and avoid disturbing the same. Implement waste management plan that identifies and characterizes every waste arising associated with proposed activities and which identifies the procedure for collection, handling & disposal of each waste arising. Plan to be drawn up, considering likely emergencies and steps required to prevent/limit consequences Parameters for Monitoring PM 10, PM 2.5, SO 2, NO X Equipment logs, noise reading Working hour records Maintenance of record of vehicles Spot noise recording No discharge hoses shall be in vicinity of watercourse Effective cover in place Visual inspection of drainage and record thereof Comprehensive Waste Management plan should be in place and available for inspection onsite. Compliance with MSW Rules,1998 and Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling Rule)2003 Mock drills and records of the same Frequency of Monitoring monthly basis whichever is earlier Weekly during construction activities Daily records Daily records As per CPCB/ SPCB requirement or on monthly basis whichever is earlier Monthly during construction activities. Period during construction activities Weekly during construction activities Fortnightly check during construction activities Monthly during construction activities MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 122

150 Sr. No. Potential Impact Action to be Followed 8. Health Employees and migrant labour health checkup 9. Environmental Management Cell/Unit 10. Loss of flora and fauna The Environmental Management Cell/Unit is to ensure implementation and monitoring of environmental safeguards Re-vegetation as per Forest guidelines Monitoring during Operational Phase Parameters for Monitoring All relevant parameters including HIV Responsibilities and roles will be decided before the commencement of work. No. of plants, species Frequency of Monitoring Six monthly check ups During construction phase During site clearance Phase. The hazardous waste generation from proposed unit will be ETP sludge and ETP silt discarded bags, process sludge/residues/filtrates. Regular monitoring of wastes generated shall be done. The following attributes which merit regular monitoring based on the environmental setting and nature of project activities are listed below, Source emissions and ambient air quality; Groundwater quality; Water and wastewater quality (water quality, effluent quality etc.); Solid and hazardous waste characterization (oily wastes ETP sludge, used and waste oil); Soil quality; Noise levels (equipment and machinery noise levels, occupational exposures and ambient noise levels) Ecological preservation and afforestation. The following routine monitoring program as detailed in Table 6.2 shall be implemented at site. Besides to this monitoring, the compliances to all environmental clearance conditions and regular permits from SPCB/MoEFCC shall be monitored and reported periodically. 123 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

151 Table No Environmental monitoring schedule during Operation Sr. No. 1. Ambient air quality Particulate Parameters Number of location Frequency PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, CO, TOC/ VOC s, O3 and HC etc. Ambient air quality at minimum 3 locations. 1 location within the plant premises, 1 location in upwind, 1 location in downwind direction and 1 location in cross wind direction. Monthly 2. Stack gas PM, SO2 and NOx Number of stacks Monthly 3. Work place PM2.5, SO2, NOx, CO, O3 Process emission in workplace area/plants (for each area/plant minimum 2 locations and 1 location outside plant area near vent) 4. Waste water ph, EC, SS, TDS, O&G, Ammonical Nitrogen, COD, BOD, Chloride, Sulphides etc. Wastewater from all sources. Inlet & outlet of ETP Monthly Monthly 5. Surface water ph, Salinity, and ground Conductivity, TDS, water Turbidity, DO, BOD, Phosphate, Nitrates, Sulphates, Chlorides, Total Coliforms (TC) & E.Coli 6. Solid waste ETP sludge, process sludge 7. Noise Equivalent noise level - db (A) at min. Noise Levels measurement at high noise generating places as well as sensitive receptors in the vicinity 8. Green belt Number of plantation (units), number of survived plants/ trees, 3-5 location Ground as well as Surface water Process dust generated sludge. 5 location At all source and outside the Plant area. In and around the plant site Half yearly Monthly Monthly Monthly MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 124

152 number of poor plant/ trees. 9. Soil Texture, ph, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, alkali metals, Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), permeability, porosity. 10. Occupational health 11. Drainage and effluent Management Health and fitness checkup of employees getting exposed to various hazards and all other staff Design to incorporate Existing drainage pattern and avoid disturbing the same. 2-3 near Solid/ hazardous waste storage. At least five locations from Greenbelt and area where manure of biological waste is applied. All worker Ensure drainage system and specific design measures are working effectively. Quarterly Yearly/ twice a year Periodic during operation phase 12. Emergency preparedness, such as fire fighting Mock drill records, on site emergency plan, evacuation plan Fire protection and safety measures to take care of fire and explosion hazards, to be assessed and steps taken for their prevention. Monthly during operation phase Monitoring methodologies Environmental samples will be collected as per the guidelines provided by MoEFCC/ CPCB. The method followed for monitoring will be recommended/ standard method approved/ recommended by MoEFCC/ CPCB. Detail of the same is mentioned in Table 6.3. Table No Methodology of environmental monitoring Sr. Description No 1. Ambient air monitoring 2. Stack gas monitoring Method Sampling/ Preservation Samplers (Designed as per USEPA) to collect PM 2.5, PM10 & the gaseous samples Samplers (Designed as per USEPA) to collect particulate matter & the gaseous samples Analysis Any standard methods such as IS 5182, CPCB guideline etc MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

153 3. Water and waste water Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater published by APHA 21 st edition, Noise monitoring Instrument : Sound level meter - 5. Soil monitoring Collected as per soil analysis reference book, M. I. Jackson and soil analysis reference book by C.A. Black 6.4 Reporting and documentation Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater published by APHA 21 st edition, 2012 Analysis reference book, M. I. Jackson and soil analysis reference book by C.A. Black All the necessary reports and documents will be prepared to comply with statutory rules and regulations. The records of the monitoring program along with the results of all the parameters being monitored will be maintained on regular basis. The environmental monitoring activities will be recorded and the following documents are proposed to be maintained, 1. Log sheets of operation and maintenance of pollution control facilities/ equipment such as ETP, stack test results of inlet and outlet. 2. Instruction manuals for operation and maintenance of pollution control facilities/ equipment like ETP as well as for manual for monitoring of water, solid and gaseous parameter discharged from the project. 3. Statutory records as per the environment related legislation. 4. Monthly and annual progress report. 5. Bi-annual compliance statement for Regional Office, MoEFCC. 6. Annual environmental audit statements and compliance to NOC/ Consent conditions to State Pollution Control Board/ Regional Office, MoEFCC. 6.5 Formulation of Environment Management Cell (EMC) The Environmental Management Cell shall be responsible for the environmental management, monitoring, and implementation activities of the proposed unit. EMC will carry out various activity of environment under the supervision of the Head of the plant. EMC cell shall be responsible for, MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 126

154 Monitoring of efficiency of pollution control equipment s Preparation of maintenance schedule of pollution control equipment and treatment plants and see that it is followed strictly. Monitoring activities within core and buffer zone of proposed project as per monitoring schedule. Inspection and regular cleaning of setting tanks, drainage system etc. Greenbelt development and maintenance Water and energy conservation measures Good housekeeping Structure of EMC is mentioned in below Sr. Vice president operations General Manager Process Manager Sr. Manager Environment health & safety officer Safety Officer Figure No Environment Management Cell 6.6 Budgetary Provision for Environment Management The costs involved in environmental monitoring and management to mitigate the adverse effects will be put on account for the proposed project. The approximate cost for the EMP will be Rs. 97 Lakhs. Bifurcation of the EMP cost is given in Table MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

155 6.7 Conclusion Considering environmental emissions from the project monitoring program, its frequency, parameters, and methodology for air, water, noise, and solid hazardous waste/ soil environment has been given. Monthly monitoring of Air (stack and workplace), Water, Soil, Solid waste and Noise shall be done. Periodic monitoring shall be for drainage system, Occupation health, and safety of the worker, emergency preparedness, such as firefighting. Budgetary provision for En. Monitoring and occupation health is also given i.e. 2.5 and 5 lakhs per year respectively. Moreover, information of reporting system of environmental parameters and responsibility of environmental monitoring program has been described. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 128

156 Chapter VII: ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 Public Consultation The said project is being located in Notified Industrial Estate (MIDC) area will be considered as category A project and public hearing (consultation) is exempted. 7.2 Rehabilitation & Resettlement Plan (R & R Plan) The intended use of land is for industrial activity and the land already has been allotted by MIDC. So there are no issues related to displacement of people. 7.3 Risk Assessment & HAZOP Study This QRA report is prepared for the above mentioned proposal towards compliance to TOR conditions and forms a part of the required for obtaining Environmental Clearance. Risk assessment Methodology used is as per the Technical EIA Guidance Manual for Synthetic Organic Chemicals, prepared for the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India (MOEF&CC 2010). Detail report of QRA and HAZOP study is attached as Annexure. Identification of hazards materials handled and processes was examined. MSDS of the substances taken for study. Applicability of Manufacture Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals (MSIHC) Rules, formed under Environment protection Act 1986, these were amended in 1994and checked for inventory. The inventory of does not exceed the criteria of threshold quantity as per schedule 2 parts I and Part II of these rules hence the site is not classified as MAH (Major accident hazard installation. Relative ranking by DOW Fire, Explosion & Toxicity index, and MOND Index assessment carried out for the storage installations analysis are applied for storage of flammable substances area, decompositions products, and reactivity and compatibility hazards are assessed. HAZOP study carried out considering storages, major unit processes, and ETP as separate node. The methodology used is as per Hazard Identification and Hazard Analysis Techniques of Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis Code of Practice IS 15656: As an outcome 129 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

157 of this identification of hazards exercise worst possible events are listed and used for selection of events for carrying out consequence analysis Scope of work The scope of the report covers the proposed site activities of manufacturing. The battery limits of this study are restricted to the installations indicated over the proposed site plan ( 18 52'30.22"N Latitude and 73 9'48.79"E Longitude, elevation 10 meter above MSL.)Plot area 12,000 sq. m.; presently there is an existing warehouse on the site admeasuring around 2250 sq.mt of area from that of the plot area Methodology The major steps in risk assessment are as outlined below; Hazard Identification Failure Frequency Analysis Consequence Analysis Impact Assessment Protective System & Hazard Analysis Risk Mitigation Measures DMP Site activity Table No List of Products for Environmental Clearance Sr. no. Cas Name of products Batch size Mt Capacity MTA Total Capacity MTA 1 Spray Drying method 10, Calcium Propionate &/or Sodium Propionate &/or , Calcium acetate Mixing method 15, Calcium Propionate ,000 TOTAL By product: nil MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 130

158 Table No Hazardous Waste Category No. Type Of Waste Quantity Method of disposal 1 Sludge kg/m CHWTSDF 2 filter material from the process kg/m CHWTSDF Table No Inventory No. Name Mode of storage Maximum Quantity Remark Stored at any point of time 1 Calcium Propionate 2 Sodium Propionate Bags 400 MT Finished Good 3 Calcium Acetate 4 Propionic acid 250 kl Tank- 5 nos KL Raw Material 5 Hydrated Lime Silos 2 nos / bags 9900 MT Raw Material 6 Sodium hydroxide Bags 450 MT Raw Material 7 Acetic acid 150 Kl tank 1 no. 100 KL Raw Material 8 Furnace oil 100 kl (AG )Tank 100 KL Fuel 9 Diesel 20 kl (UG) Tank 20 KL Fuel 10 Sludge 11 filter material from the process Bags Table No Inventory Level (Tank Farm) No. Name Maximum Quantity Stored at any point of time 84 MT Max Consumption level TPM Qty 1 Propionic acid 1250 MT Acetic acid 150 KL Hydrated Lime 200 KL Furnace oil 100 KL *Imported, Transport to site is by road truck/tankers. Non- Hazardous Waste Inventory level Number of days storage 131 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

159 7.3.4 Identification of Hazards Hazardous Chemicals Table No Flammability Hazards (Top Five) Sr. No. Name LEL UEL Flash Point Boiling Point % % 0 c 0 c Nf 1. Acetic acid Diesel > Propionic acid Furnace Oil > Sodium Propionate - - >200 NA NFPA 704 M Hazard Index, Scale 1 to 4., NA data not available Toxic *-Indicative Criteria used as per MSIHC Rules 1989, schedule I, Part I (a ). Table No Toxicity Hazards (Top Five) Sr. Name Oral LD 50 Dermal LD 50 Inhalation LC 50 NFPA No. Mg/kg. Ml/kg. mg/m3 Health Index N h 1 Propionic acid Toxic * NA NA 3 2 Sodium hydroxide Toxic * NA NA 3 3 Acetic acid Toxic * Toxic * Toxic * 2 4 Hydrated Lime NA NA NA 2 5 Lime NA NA NA 2 Mg/kg. Ml/kg. mg/m3 N h Table No Reactivity Hazards (Top Five) Sr.No. Name CAS No. NFPA Hazard Index Material Factor N f Nr MF 1 Hydrated Lime Propionic acid Sodium hydroxide Lime Acetic acid NFPA 704 M Hazard Index, Scale 1 to 4., Material factor scale 1 to 40. Table No Applicability of MSIHC Rules 1989 NFPA Flammability Hazard Index Group Material Max. Storage Capacity 5.5 Highly Flammable Liquids Chemicals having 230 C < flash point 600 C. Acetic Acid Propionic acid 150 kl 1250 MT Threshold Qty. Mt.* 2500 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 132

160 Diesel 20 kl 5.6 Flammable Liquids Chemicals having 600 C < flash point < 900 C 5000 Furnace oil 100 kl *Criteria used: MSIHC Rules, 1989, schedule 2 part I and Part II of these rules. Inventory analysis revels that the inventory of hazardous chemicals of any group does not exceeds the threshold specified quantity specified in Schedule II Column 3 of "The the MSIHC Rules, Thus the site is not classified as Major Accident Hazards (MAH) Installation Relative ranking Dow F&E index As per DOW F & E index assessment propionic acid storage installation is having the highest radius of exposure of 10.5 m with damage factor 0.31 and methanol storage installation Toxicity category as I. Table No Dow F & E index Sr. No. Installation DOW F&E Index The Degree Of Hazard Radius Of Exposure (m) Damage Factor Toxicity Index 1. Propionic 43.7 Light II Acid 2. Acetic acid 38.6 Light I 3. Furnace oil 20.7 Light Diesel 19.8 Light Mond Index Toxicity Category Table No Mond Index Sr. No. Installation Fire Index Internal Explosion Index Aerial Explosion Index Over All Hazard Rating 1 Propionic Acid High Moderate Low High Group II 2 Furnace oil Low Moderate Low Moderate 3 Diesel Light Moderate Light Moderate 4 Acetic acid Moderate Moderate Low High Group II The MOND Index is a rapid hazard assessment method for use on chemical plant or in plant design. The use of this technique puts the hazard of a plant on a numerical scale, where the comparative pictures of all subdivisions of the plant form emerge. The assessment is carried out as per MOND INDEX Manual MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

161 As per Mond index assessment for the hazardous chemical storages are Moderate or less than that as overall hazard rating. It is reasonable to assume that a unit assessed at this level can be operated in a satisfactory manner by providing adequate off setting measures, giving full regard to the hazards indicated by the assessment It should be noted that the assessment depends heavily upon the maintenance of the hardware and of the management procedures; neglect of either will lead to loss of protection and the rating will rise Compatibility /Reactivity Hazard Table No Compatibility /Reactivity Hazard Chart Chemicals Mixing With Acetic acid Air, Compressed Acetic acid C Air, Compress ed Calcium Carbona te Calcium Hydroxide Propio nic Acid Calcium C Y Carbonate Calcium hydroxide C Y Y Propionic acid Y C C C Sodium hydroxide N C Y Y N Water Y Y C C Y C Sodium Hydroxid e Solid Potassium hydroxide Water CHART LEGEND Y Compatible - No hazardous reactivity issues expected N Incompatible - Hazardous reactivity issues expected C Caution - May be hazardous under certain conditions SR Self-reactive - Potentially self-reactive e.g. polymerizable (Incompatibility implies as the equimolar mixing of two materials under ambient temperature and pressures that will produce heat (10Kcal per mole), gases, or other real and immediate hazards) Risk Mitigation Storage of chemicals considering the compatibility and reactivity hazards. Smoke detector at warehouses. Transformation products Hazards due to gases released decomposition, transformation during fire condition. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 134

162 7.3.8 Transformation hazards Table No Transformation If any which could occur Sr.No. Name Decomposition Products In Case Of Fire 1. Sodium Sodium oxide. Decomposition by reaction with certain metals hydroxide releases flammable and explosive hydrogen gas. 2. Calcium hydrate Caustic fumes of calcium oxide form when heated to slaked lime decomposition (580C; 1076F). 3. Furnace oil Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide may form when heated to decomposition. 4. Diesel Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide may form when heated to decomposition. 5. Propionic acid Poisonous gases are produced in fire. 6. Calcium Acetate Decomposes above 160) C producing Acetone vapors and Calcium carbonate. 7. Lime Reactivity with water heat may cause ignition of combustibles, material swells during reaction. Separate chemicals storage in bulk considering the compatibility and reactivity hazards at open storage area and warehouse Preliminary Hazard Analysis Preliminary hazard analysis considers stages of the proposal such as pre construction phase, Operation phase and Post operation/de-commissioning /demolition phase. Following aspects are considered during the study. Natural calamities Physical hazards Biohazards Electrical hazard Hazardous substances and wastes Mechanical hazards Frequent causes of accidents during construction Activity Ergonomics & psychosocial hazard General Hazards 135 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

163 HAZOP Study NODES: Identification of hazards by HAZOP Study under following nodes: Table No Table 7.13: Nodes of HAZOP Study Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 4 Node 5 Node 6 Node 7 Node 8 Propionic acid storage tank Furnace oil storage tank Diesel storage tank Caustic soda storage tank Acetic acid storage tank Spray Drying method Operations Mixing method Operations ETP Identified Hazards Top ten identified hazards/events / accident scenarios having risk rating (evaluating the identified hazardous event on severity(s) and Probability (P) of the event on the scale 1 to 5 resulting in risk rating (R) on the scale 1 to 25 during HAZOP study) in 16 to 25 ranges are as follows Table No Top Ten Identified Hazards Sr.no. Identified hazard S P R 1 Spill of Propionic acid, Fire / explosion hazard on propionic acid release as above 54 C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed also it Attacks many metals forming flammable/explosive gas (hydrogen ) 2 Spill of Furnace oil followed by pool fire Spill of Diesel followed by pool fire Organic contaminated water generated during firefighting operations entering storm drain. 5 Static charge accumulation to dangerous level in handling of materials, fire hazard., Dust explosion at spray dryer operations 6 Reactivity and compatibility hazards due to accidental spill and mix up at tank farm / ware house Sr.no. Identified hazard S P R 7 Health hazard due to minor leaks / vapors emissions, and vent of the spray dryer odor issues at work place. (Propionic acid is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor. The odor threshold is 0.16 ppm) MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 136

164 8 Handling alkaline materials at high temperature for long years of service may result in Caustic imbrutement for MS equipment s and weaken the equipment leading to rupture at these week points especially welding joints. 9 Accumulation Impurity in product due to recycle streams Emergency in the neighborhood industrial installations Consequence Analysis Introduction The accident scenarios as identified during HAZOP study are divided in two categories considering the consequence seriousness and occurrence frequency. Maximum Credible Loss Scenario (MCLS) Worst Possible Scenario Maximum Credible Loss Scenario (MCLS) Maximum Credible Loss Scenario (MCLS) is one of the methodologies evolved to access the events in realistic and practical way. An MCLS can be described as the worst credible accident or as an accident with a maximum damage distance, which is still believed to be probable. Minor Leaks from hose/ piping failure are quite probable events. Such accidental release is considered as MCLS. Worst Possible Scenario Worst Case Scenario/ MCA (Maximum Credible Accident) Accident Scenario accidental release of Acetic acid release followed by dispersion down wind and fire/explosion is considered as Worst Case Scenario/ MCA (Maximum Credible Accident). 137 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

165 Results Table No Down Wind Affect Distance Sr. No. Accident Scenario Downwind Affect Distance (m) Toxic Vapor Cloud Flammable Vapor Cloud LEL PAC 3 PAC 2 PAC 1 IDLH 60 % 10 % 1 Propionic Acid Furnace oil <10 <10 3 Diesel <10 <10 4 Acetic acid <10 23 Table No Down Wind Affect Distance Sr. Accident Scenario Downwind Affect Distance (M) No. Blast Over Pressure Psi Thermal Radiation (KW/M2) Propionic Acid Furnace oil Diesel Acetic acid Frequency Analysis Event Tree Event trees begin with an initiating event and work toward a final result. This approach is inductive. The method provides information on how a failure can occur and the probability of occurrence. Frequency of the incident is estimated by Event Tree. POOL FIRE EVENT FREQUENCY: 1 X 10-4 per Year Figure No Event Tree MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 138

166 Initiating event frequency/yr range (all causes included) is 1 x 10-2 to 1x 10-3 typical frequency values assigned to initiating events. (Raf: Table 11.3, Chemical process safety fundamentals with applications; Daniel A Crawl / Joseph L. Second edition). Table No Event Failure Frequency S.N. Event Event Frequency/ Yr 1 Acetic acid pool fire Propionic Acid pool fire Furnace oil pool fire Diesel pool fire It is reasonable to assume this frequency however it should be noted it depends heavily upon the maintenance of the hardware and of the management procedures; neglect of either will lead to loss of protection and the rating will rise to the original estimate (a ) indicated above Impact Assessment Toxicity Impact ALOHA modeling of the vulnerable zones is superimposed on satellite site maps Called MARPLOT for acetic acid release is as follows Figure No Marplot: Vulnerable Zone: Acetic acid release 139 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

167 Short Term Exposure: Can cause severe irritation, burns, and permanent eye damage. Skin contact can cause severe irritation and burns. Breathing can cause irritation of the mouth, nose, and throat; coughing; and shortness of breath. Higher exposures can cause bronchopneumonia and pulmonary edema, a medical emergency. Medical observation recommended for 24_48 h following inhalation overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed. Figure No Marplot: Vulnerable zone: Acetic acid release Short Term Exposure: Corrosive to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Contact can cause severe eye burns, leading to permanent damage. Skin contact causes skin burns. Inhalation can cause irritation of the respiratory tract with mild cough; asthmatic response was found in medical reports of acute exposure of workers. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 140

168 Figure No Marplot: Vulnerable Zone: Propionic Acid Release IMPACT Acetic acid and Propionic acid release - ERPG 3 concentration prevails up to 117 and 75 m downwind respectively and immediate evacuation of the area is required It is reasonable to assume that well trained employees within the vulnerable zone are likely to move out of this zone in less than 10 minutes hence avoiding fatality. It should be noted that depending the prevailing atmospheric conditions at the time of the event the impact will undergo change. The event if not controlled immediately has potential of serious off site consequences affecting surrounding population. Acetic acid can react with water and/or water vapour. This can affect the downwind dispersion estimate Thermal Radiation Impact Release of Flammable material leading to Pool fire at tank farm will result in thermal radiations and likely to have direct impact on the personnel in vulnerable zone with burn injuries and even fatality as given in below table, 141 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

169 Figure No Marplot: Vulnerable Zone: Acetic Acid Pool Fire Figure No Marplot: Vulnerable Zone: Propionic Acid Pool Fire Table No Fatal Thermal Radiation Exposure Levels Radiation Level Kw/M2 Seconds Exposure For A % Fatality Levels 1 % 50 % 99 % MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 142

170 Radiation Level Seconds Exposure For A % Fatality Levels Kw/M2 1 % 50 % 99 % Table No Effects of Thermal radiation on unprotected skin. Radiation Level Duration Period Seconds Before (Kw/M2) Pain Is Felt Blistering Starts Below 2.5 Prolonged exposure can. Be tolerated Impact Acetic acid and Propionic acid release followed by pool fire is estimated to be resulting 30 % and 31 % damage within 9.9 and 10.5 m radius zone respectively. Thermal radiations of 10 Kw/m2 from Acetic acid and Propionic acid are likely within 10 and 20 m radius zone respectively, which is mainly tank farm. It is reasonable to assume that well trained employees within the vulnerable zone are likely to move out of this zone within 90 seconds hence avoiding fatality. Continued exposure to heat flux of 4.0 KW/m2 level of heat flux or greater is considered sufficient to cause injury. Hence, injury risk is likely up to 10 m around the pool fire it may be noted that thermal effect of a pool fire is usually limited to a distance of 2 to 3 times the pool diameter. Acetic acid and Propionic acid pool fire impact at Assembly point will not be significant Over Pressure Impact ALOHA modeling of the vulnerable zones are superimposed on satellite site maps called MARPLOT for estimation of impact Flammable vapors cloud in flammable range finding source of ignition resulting into vapor cloud explosion is considered as Worst case scenario and following Table indicates the over pressure impact. 143 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

171 Table No Effect of Blast Pressure Wave Over Pressure (Bar) Effects 0.01 Shattering of glass windows. Failure of panels Shattering of asbestos siding. 0.1 Collapse of steel framing panels. 0.3 Shearing of brick walls (8-12 inches). Any of the events studied Explosion is not likely as flammable cloud is not formed Risk estimation Individual Risk Individual Risk (Ir) = Where, (1 /N) Ii X F N = number of persons i = Incident identification number I, = impact of Incident i Fi = frequency of the i incident Manpower Approx. 80 ( ) skilled and unskilled.the proposed activity required workers during construction and during operation 80, Threat at assembly point Thermal Radiation Estimates at the AP: Max Thermal Radiation: kw/ (sq. m.) Max Concentration: Outdoor: 387 ppm and Indoor: 135 ppm Average individual risk estimated at assembly point is less than 1.25 x 10-6 Table No Individual Fatality Criteria Individual Fatality (IR) Individual Fatality Criteria per year This contour remains on-site per year This contour extends into industrial developments only per year This contour extends into commercial and industrial developments only. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 144

172 Table No Individual Risk Results* Contour Individual Fatality (IR) Downwind Affect Remarks No. Distance (M) per year. <10 This contour remains within the site per year. <10 This contour remains within the site per year. 12 This contour remains within the industrial area Societal Risk Figure No Marplot: Vulnerable Zone: Acetic acid Pool fire Table 7.3: Societal risk Sr. No. Release event No. Of Cumulative fatality frequency 1. Acetic acid pool fire Propionic Acid pool fire Furnace oil pool fire Diesel pool fire Risk Mitigation Measures To address the residual risk issues risk mitigation measures are suggested which includes preventive as well as protective measures to achieve reasonable acceptable risk level. 145 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

173 1.0 Accidental Spill Control 1.1 Provide dyke for accidental spill containment for above ground storage tanks with mobile pump arrangement to transfer the accidental spill contained in dyke to emergency spare tank. 1.2 Provide overflow line of the day tank back to the storage tank of the origin in order to avoid any spill hazard. 1.3 Provide arrangement to avoid any organic contaminated water generated during firefighting operation going to storm drain without proper treatment 1.4 Provide acid / alkali proof tile lining flooring at corrosive chemicals handling area. 2.0 Fire Protection 2.1 Provide Fire hydrant system, Portable fire Extinguishers, Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) especially SCBA sets, Safety Shower & Eye Wash Fountain and safety training. 2.2 Avoid any sources of ignition and fire hydrant at parking area for road tankers of Acetic acid, Propionic acid, and fuels. 3.0 Dust Handling 3.1 Carry out powder safety tests. 3.2 Ensure absence of any flammable organic vapors at fine powder handling Equipment s such as disintegrator, sifter and packing in this section to eliminate the possibility of formation of Hybrid powder mixture. 3.3 Provide explosion vent at the spray dryer and locate the vent to safe place to avoid any secondary dust explosion. 3.4 Provide electrical to suit the IP class of the powders handled in the area. 4.0 General 4.1 Store chemicals considering the compatibility and reactivity hazards at tank farm. 4.2 Provide effective measures for prevention of static charge accumulation to dangerous level. 4.3 Fugitive emissions over reactors, dusting etc., are to be collected through Hoods & ducts by induced draft, and controlled by scrubber/dust collector. 4.3 Adopt standard engineering practices, System of leak detection and repair (LDAR) program especially for solvents should be developed 4.4 Monitor concentration of air born chemicals within the prescribed limits. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 146

174 4.5 Handling alkaline materials at high temperature for long years of service may result in Caustic imbrutement and weaken the MS equipment leading to rupture at week points.especially welding joints.hence Avoid MS for such service. 4.6 Transport of hazardous materials / waste -Display of class labels, Valid registration to carry the said goods, PPE, First aid box, tool box, safety equipment s, antidotes as may be necessary to contain an accident, TREM card, MSDS, Training to drivers and Specified predetermined routes. 5.0 Disaster management plan A practical working document on site disaster control plan to address the residual risk issues is drawn as per the format specified under "The the MSIHC Rules, 1989". Figure No Disaster Management Plan 147 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

175 7.4 Conclusion The potential consequences from the hazardous scenarios identified are determined and the impact zones modeled using ALOHA and PHAST software tools. The primary consequence types are pressure wave, thermal radiations, and toxic gas release. The stable atmospheric stability conditions, ambient temperature of 30 o C, wind speed was 1.5 m/s. and humidity (50%), No inversion used for Consequence Analysis. Consequence analyses is carried out modeling propionic acid evaporating pool, dispersion down wind, and pool fire is considered as worst possible scenarios having potential for serious off site consequence are considered for further quantities risk estimation. Consequence analyses of furnace oil and Diesel storage tanks pool fire are also carried out. Apart from the maximum credible releases, the conservative approach appears in adoption of atmospheric conditions, used in the dispersion calculation. In general, the assumptions/ conditions will result in the largest damage distances. Hence, it must be remembered that this analysis will be pessimistic & conservative in approach & is only a planning tool. Its use should not be extended without understanding its limitations. Estimation of the event frequency of event is carried by developing Event tree for spill of Acetic acid, Propionic acid & Fuels at storage tank installation. Initiating event frequency as available from the literature is considering while developing the Event tree. The vulnerable zones as obtained during consequence analysis are superimposed on the satellite image of site plan termed as MARPLOT to assess the impact on the site activities and surroundings. The individual risk considering 80 employees engaged in site operations is estimated. The site is located in MIDC industrial Area hence assuming the same population density as that of the site societal risk of fatality is estimated data collected for constructing F-N curve. It should be noted that the risk estimation is for unmitigated risk. A series of risk mitigation measures are of two types 1) to reduce the probability of undesired event and 2) reducing the severity of the consequences. As a part of risk mitigation measures in order to address the residual risk after providing risk mitigation measures following disaster control plans are prepared. Emergency Preparedness Plan, On Site Disaster Control Plan and Off Site Disaster Control Plan. In essence these plans MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 148

176 are relevant to emergency level 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The offsite disaster control plan gives fact sheet and other dove tailing data for further use by the disaster Management Authorities. The study reveals that the risk posed by the proposed site activities are at reasonably acceptable level however, it should be noted it depends heavily upon the maintenance of the hardware and practicing of the management procedures; neglect of either will lead to loss of protection and the rating will rise to the higher level. 149 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

177 Chapter VIII: Project Benefits Project benefit focused on those points which become beneficial to the surrounding area or community in terms of infrastructural development, social development, boosting employment, and other tangible benefits due to upcoming or proposed activities in form side benefits. 8.1 Proponent approach towards the project Fine Organic Industries Ltd., proposes to establish a new manufacturing facility for food preservatives at Additional Patalganga MIDC, Panvel, Raigad, Maharashtra. Considering the increasing demand in bakery industry especially breads and cake application. Present manufacturing facility of Fine Organic at Dombivali is falling short for catering the increasing demands of domestic needs for these additives and also meets the additional export market needs. Thus company has decided to initiate this proposed project at additional MIDC, Patalganga. 8.2 Project Benefits The proposed establishment of these products are due to market demand. Nearly 80% of the products are getting exported to different countries which are certainly increasing the foreign exchange. Also many of these products are equal or better in quality to that of certain imported products. This reduces the dependency on importing the products. 8.3 Social Benefits Project will definitely open an avenue for the young generation of our nation by generating employment. Company will be hiring the local residents nearby project site for employment, as per their competency. This will create employment to these people & thereby will improve their living standard. The proposed project is already located in MIDC area so area development will be as per MIDC, which will improve the living standards of the local people. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 150

178 Chapter IX: ENVIRONMENT COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS This chapter furnishes information about benefits of the proposed project to the environment. Project is intended to achieve the objective of sustainable development. 9.1 Environmental Benefits The proposed project will have overall positive impact The proposed establishment of these products are due to market demand. Nearly 80% of the products are getting exported to different countries which are certainly increasing the foreign exchange. Also many of these products are equal or better in quality to that of certain imported products. This reduces the dependency on importing products. Factory proposes zero liquid discharge method for waste water treatment. Maximum waste water will be recycled back into the system. Factory will developed greenbelt around the factory. Air pollution will be abate through proper stack height, greenbelt around the factory. Water will be recycled in the process, thereby reducing the fresh water demand. Various social and environmental program under CER scheme as described in chapter X. 9.2 Conclusion Environmental benefits of the project comprises, greenbelt development, rainwater harvesting system in the factory premises. Also under CER program, factory proposed different social, and environment program in the area like greenbelt development in the area, closed drainage, filtered drinking water facilities, solar panels for street lightening etc. 151 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

179 Chapter X: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN Environment Management Plan (EMP) is a system to address potential adverse impacts and to instruct project proponent to introduce standards of good practice to be adopted for all project activities. EMP will ensure that the project will be implemented in an environmentally sustainable manner and where all concerned persons of the industry as well as contractors, understand the potential environmental risks arising from the proposed project to implement appropriate actions so that risk can be managed properly. Detail description pertaining to identification of pollution sources, its assessment, and related impact along with mitigation measures are given in Chapter IV 10.1 Introduction Environmental Management is a resource management and environmental planning similar to development planning. Suitable environmental management measures need to be incorporated during the entire planning, construction and operating stages of the project to minimize any adverse environmental impact and assure sustainable development of the area. Proposed project is a manufacturing unit for food preservatives and it is well connected all cities nearby. Details of the proposed project are covered in Chapter II whereas; various existing environmental scenarios are presented in Chapter III Deliberations and prediction of environmental impacts and its analysis are made in Chapter IV. Environmental Impact Analysis carried out in Chapter IV indicated that proposed developmental project would have less significant impact on the environmental attributes. On the other hand, it will have beneficial impacts on socio-economic features, and occupational structure provided following measures are undertaken. The EMP is generally: Prepared in accordance with rules and requirements of the MoEFCC and the State Pollution Control Board To ensure that the component of facility are operated in accordance with the design Process that confirms proper orientation through supervision and monitoring System that addresses public complaints during construction and operation phase Plan that ensure remedial measures are implemented immediately. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 152

180 The key benefits of the EMP are that, it provides the organization with means of managing its environmental performance thereby allowing it to contribute to improved environment quality. The other benefits include cost control and improved relation to stakeholders. EMP includes four major elements Commitment and Policy: of proposed project will strive to provide and implement the Environmental Management Plan that incorporates all issues related to air, land and water. Planning: This includes identification of environmental impacts, legal requirements and setting environmental objectives. Implementation: This comprises of resources available to the developers, accountability of contractors, training of operational staff associated with environmental control facilities and documentation of measures to be taken Measurement and Evaluation: This includes monitoring, corrective actions, and record keeping. During study of the environmental attributes it was seen that all the aspects would be considered to promote the better development in case of future aspects of project as well as environmental aspects Environmental management during construction phase The construction activities of the proposed unit will increase dust concentrations and fugitive emission. The following control measures are recommended to mitigate the probable adverse impacts Site preparation The development of site for erections of plant structure, office building & other allied activities shall require careful management planning as the construction activities shall be located in plain barren land owned by the project proponent. It is necessary to control the dust nuisance that would be created by excavation, leveling and transportation activities so that impacts on the various components of environment would be minimized. Minor 153 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

181 vegetation clearance will be required at site along with soil excavation. Regular sprinkling of water around vulnerable areas of the construction sites to control the dust spread or emission into the atmosphere. However identified impacts would be of temporary type and within the plant boundary. Excavated soil will be covered with tarpaulin sheet or shall be kept in such way that dust emission will be avoided. Green belt area shall be developed to reduce air and noise pollution impacts. Top excavated soil be used in greenbelt development, rest hard rock will be used in leveling work. First aid facilities shall be made available during construction Noise Though level of construction activities shall not be very high, still some specific sources of noise like welding, transportation, movement of earth movers, tractors, concrete or asphalt mixing etc. should be carried out in a controlled manner. Neither the plant nor the construction workers should be exposed to excessive noise levels. No idling of machine shall be allowed during construction activities night time construction activities and vehicular movement shall not be allowed. Personal protective equipment like ear muffs or ear plugs, masks etc. will be provided to workers who will be exposed to high noise Construction equipment and waste Transport vehicles as well as transport routes should be properly maintained during whole construction phase to minimize smoke / dust emission from vehicle exhausts and unpaved roads. Composite solid wastes including metal scrape, earthwork, other wastes, getting generated in construction process should be disposed of in safe manner. Certain hazardous waste materials, though the requirement of such materials shall be small, should be stored safely and be disposed of properly Site security To ensure that the local inhabitants are not exposed to these hazards, the site shall be secured by fencing and manned entry points. It will be fully illuminated during nighttime Necessary care will be taken as per the safety norms for the storage of the chemical products Contractor will supervise the safe working of their employees. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 154

182 Barricades and fences will be provided around the construction area personnel protective equipment s e.g. safety helmet, goggles, gumshoes, etc. will be provided to the workers. Accidental spill of oils from construction equipment and storage sites will be prevented. Tree plantation will be undertaken during the construction phase to prevent air pollution. Provision of mobile toilet facilities during construction period 10.3 Environment Management Plan for Operation Phase Factory proposes comprehensive environment management plan to combat pollution arising from the project activities. Detailed EMP is described below for various environmental parameters Air Pollution Management Baseline ambient air quality monitoring has been carried out during the month of March 2018 to May It is observed that the concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx and VOC s are well within the prescribed limits as per the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The major sources of air emissions from the proposed projects include nonpoint and point source emissions. The major sources of air pollution from the proposed projects will be from flue gas emission, process emission and vehicular emissions. There will not be any air emission anticipated from the process. Emission other sources are particulate matter, sulphur-di-oxide and nitrogen oxide etc., from DG and stack. Thermopac with adequate 39.5 m stack height. Total particulate matter from stack will be <100 mg/nm3 All the conveyors/vehicles conveying raw material within or outside the plant premises shall be covered from all sides to prevent blowing of particles due to wind. 155 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

183 To control the vehicular pollution, control measures will be implemented such as periodical check of Vehicle for its fitness and PUC certificates. Observance of periodical maintenance schedule and its proper implementation. Table No Utility emission Stack Three Thermopac of 15 lac kcal/hr Height (meter) Diameter (meter) Fuel m Furnace oil 354 kg /hr Air Pollution Control Device Emission concentration Stack height PM-< 100 mg/ Nm 3 SO kg/hr Table No Fugitive emissions Sr. No. Process Emissions Mitigation 1. Loading-unloading Particulate matter Dust collectors/ Water sprinkling section whenever required. Close conveyer wherever possible. Training to workers of proper handling of material. Good housekeeping. 2. Storage of Odor, volatile Ventilation chemicals, product, fuel and raw material emissions, gaseous emissions Training to workers of proper handling of material Good housekeeping 3. Vehicular emissions Noise Pollution Management Particulate matter, SO2, NOx Vehicles with valid PUC Certificate. Dust suppression on haul roads Various components of industrial operations cause some amount of noise, which shall be controlled by proper maintenance and compact technology. Closed room shall be provided for all the utilities so as to attenuate the noise pollution. Acoustic enclosure shall be provided to D.G sets. The insulation will be provided to reduce noise. Layouts of equipment foundations and structures will be designed keeping in view the requirement of noise abatement; MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 156

184 Central control room(s) provided for operation and supervision of plant and equipment will be air-conditioned, glass fiber insulated frames which will help in reducing noise levels. Necessary enclosures will also be provided on the working platforms/areas to reduce the noise levels ; Acoustic laggings and silencers will be provided in equipment wherever necessary. The compressed air station will be provided with suction side silencers. Ventilation fans will be installed in enclosed premises. The noise level will not exceed the permissible limit 75 db (A) during the day time 70 db (A) night time within the plant premises. Green belt around the plant area will reduce the noise level further. Occupational Health & Safety (OHSAS) System for evaluation of exposure of noise pollution on the associated staff and comparing it with permissible exposure and subsequently taking corrective actions will be developed. Free flow of traffic movement shall be maintained. Earmuffs shall be used while running equipment s of the plant. Proper maintenance, oiling and greasing of machines at regular intervals shall be done to reduce generation of noise. Regular monitoring of noise level shall be carried out. Greenbelt shall be developed around the periphery of the plant to reduce noise levels Water and Waste Water Management Required water source will be Additional Patalganga. Necessary permission for water extraction is available with the factory. Waste water generation from process, domestic, laboratory etc. will be treated in ETP of Capacity CCC Details are mentioned below: Primary treatment Raw effluent will be received in Bar Screen Chamber where coarse screen and it will be placed to prevent inorganic coarse solids and debris from entering the tank and prevent clogging of pipes 157 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

185 and equipment. Over flow go to collection cum Equalization tank through Oil & Grease trap where floating oil & grease will get removed manually. Oil collection drum shall be provided by client to collect the oil for discharge. In equalization homogenization of effluent is done with the help of blown air through coarse bubble diffuser system. With the help of centrifugal pump effluent is directly pumped to flash mixer where alum will be used as coagulant for separation of suspended solids. Over flow of flash mixer enters primary settling tank where suspended solids settle down & clear overflow enters Bioreactor for biological treatment Secondary treatment Bio Reactor tank will be provided with suspended biological mass. The mixing and Oxygen transfer in the reactor will be provided by fine bubble diffused aeration system. The MLSS from the Bio Reactor overflows to the hopper bottom settling tank. Here the bio-solids settles down and gets separated from the sewage. The settled biomass will be recycled back to the bio reactor for maintaining the MLVSS concentration. Excess biomass shall be taken to Sludge handling unit. The clear supernatant of the Settling tank shall overflow to an intermediate tank. Tertiary treatment This biologically treated effluent from intermediate tank shall be pumped through a pressure sand filter (PSF) for removing any fine solids escaping the secondary settling tank & then through Activated Carbon filter for removal of odor & color. An inline dose of NaOCl shall be given for disinfection. The final treated water shall be collected in the final treated water tank. Treated water from the final tank will be pumped to evaporation system Sludge Dewatering Unit The excess sludge from primary & secondary settling tank will be taken to Sludge Dewatering Unit (SDU). The solid and dried cake from SDU shall be taken for disposal and dewatered liquid shall be pumped back to collection cum equalization tank. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 158

186 Solid hazardous waste management The hazardous waste generated shall be ETP sludge and filter material from the process will be send to CHWTSDF. All solid waste and hazardous waste shall be properly collected, stored, and disposed. Paved areas at the boundary shall be developed with permeable paving & impermeable surfaces to direct all runoff towards storm water collection pits. Storm water shall be collected in proposed rain water harvesting pits & shall recharge the ground water. Table No Solid waste generation and disposal Sr. No. Waste Quantity Treatment and Disposal 1. Sludge kg /m Send to CHWTSDF 2. Filter material from the process/ filter sludge MT/m Greenbelt Development Development of greenbelt in and around the industrial complex is an effective way to attenuate air pollution. The degree of pollution attenuation depends upon height, width, foliage, surface area of leaf and density of planted trees. Greenbelt will be developed as per CPCB guidelines. Taking into consideration ecological perspectives and availability of space and other aspects greenbelt development has been planned for the proposed project. This will help in increasing the aesthetic effect of the environment. Greenbelt will be developed along most of the periphery of the project area as well as along roads for avenue plantation. Area under plantation will be 1491 sq. m. (33 % of the open available plot area). The following characteristics have been taken into consideration while selecting plant species for green belt development and tree plantation. Fast growing Thick canopy cover Perennial and ever green Large leaf area 159 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

187 Preferably Indigenous Resistant to pollutants and should maintain ecological balance for soil and geohydrological conditions of the region. Abundance of surfaces on bark and foliage through roughness of bark, epidermal outgrowth on petioles, abundance of auxiliary hairs, hairs or scales on laminar surfaces and protected stomata (by wax, arches, rings, hairs, etc.) Since, the greenbelt development will be done as per the requirement i.e. type of activity performed at a particular area/ block/ plot, thus the tree spacing will vary from plot to plot. Therefore, approx. 320 plants (including trees and shrubs) are proposed for the greenbelt development. The general guidelines for development of greenbelt will be as follows: Trees growing up to 5 m or more will be planted along the plant premises and along the road sides Planting of trees will be undertaken in rows. Open areas inside the plant boundary will be covered with grass. The spacing between the trees will be maintained slightly less than the normal spaces, so that the trees will grow vertically and slightly increase the effective height of the green belt. Since the trunks of the tall trees are generally devoid of foliage, it will be useful to have shrubs in front of the trees so as to give coverage to this portion. Shrubs and trees will be planted in encircling rows around the project site. The small trees (<10 m height) will be planted in the first two rows (towards plant side) of the green belt. The tall trees (>10 m height) will be planted in the outer three rows (away from plant side). Trees should be planted along road sides, to arrest auto-exhaust and noise pollution. Table No Planned Schedule for greenbelt development Trees interspacing Planned scheduled 3 x 3m Two year plan Tree density per 100 m 2 25 Shrubs, small and medium trees Size/type Location Providing Near storage tanks, process area - Plan to develop well designed greenbelt as per CPCB guidelines MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 160

188 Trees interspacing Planned scheduled Tree density per 100 m 2 5 x 5m 09 Medium to large size trees 20-25m Large size trees Table No List of Plant Species for Plantations Size/type Location Providing Boundary of plot area, periphery of the factory Road side large size trees - Irrigation facility for greenbelt - Monitoring survival rate - Providing fertilizers Sr. No. Species Name Local Name Habit No. of trees to be planted 1. Terminalia arjuna Arjuna Tree Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Willd. Ashok Tree 5 3. Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. Bel Tree 5 4. Erythrina indica Indian Coral Tree Tree 6 5. Azadirachta indica Linn. Neem Tree Schleichera oleosa Kusumb Tree 5 7. Madhuca indica Moha Kat-illipi Tree Butea monosperma L. Palas Tree Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre Karanj Tree Dalbergia latifolia Roxb. Sisoo Tree Michelia champaca Champak Tree Tamarindus indica L. Chinch Tree Ravenala madagascariensis Travellers palm Tree Couroupita guianensis Kailashpati Tree Terminalia catappa L. Badam Tree Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Jambhul Tree Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. Saptaparni Tree Plumeria alba L. Chapha Tree Tectona grandis L.f. Sag Tree Ficus benghalensis L. Wad Tree Ficus religiosa L. Pimpal Tree Ficus racemosa L. Umbar Tree Caryota urens L. Fish Tail Palm Tree Nyctanthus arbor-tristis L. Parijatak Tree Bombax ceiba Linn. Katesawar Tree 10 List of Some Hedge Plants 26. Justicia adhatoda L. Adulsa Shrub Nerium indicum Mill. Kanher Shrub MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

189 Sr. No. Species Name Local Name Habit No. of trees to be planted 28. Tecoma stans (L.) H.B.& K. Tabobia/Phutani Shrub Ocimum americanum L. Ran Tulas Herb Hibiscus indicus Burm. F. Hochr Jasvand Shrub - Total ~ Rainwater Harvesting Plan The Rain Water Harvesting (RHW) program can helps in many ways starting from conservation of natural resources to prevention of soil erosion. Rainwater is very helpful to industry in terms of saving of economy of water consumption. The rainwater collection by roof top harvesting has been preferred at present for the proposed project. Proponent has planned to conduct a detailed study after inception of proposed project for assessment feasibility, suitability of available techniques for implementation of rainwater harvesting program. Proponent has decided to conduct rainwater harvesting. The collected rain water will be used for groundwater recharging. The probable available catchment areas worked out to be approximately m 2. The calculated harvesting potential details are provided in Table Storm Water Drainage Line: Channels will be installed wherever required to collect and transport rain water to the storage tank. Drainage will be semi-circular and will be made using Galvanized Iron sheet folded to required shapes. Drainages will be fixed using Iron Brackets. Conduits: Pipes will be used to carry rain water from catchment to the recharge pit, passing through filter. A valve will be put at the end of wall for first flushing. Filter: Sand Filter will be used to remove suspended pollutants from the rainwater. Recharge: After filtration, water will be recharged using percolation pit, filled with pebbles or brick and river sand and covered with perforated concrete slabs. Depth of recharge pit will be designed according to ground water table of the area. 10 The quantum of water that could be harvested in the study area is calculated using the formula, MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 162

190 Harvesting potential = Catchment Area (m 2 ) * Runoff Coefficient * Annual Rainfall (mm) RWH Quantification Runoff coefficient for calculating flow for rainwater design based on Central Pollution Control Board Ministry of Environment & Forests data. Average rainfall of Panvel District from last 10 years is mm (Source. cgwb.gov.in/district_profile/maharashtra/raigarhf and Table No Incremental Run off due to project development Particulars Total Avg. rainfall m Catchment area (m 2 ) Rooftop area m 2 Landscape area(soft cape) 2500 Open area 1470 Run off co-efficient Rooftop area 0.95 Landscape area(soft cape) 0.6 Open area 0.8 Harvesting potential (m 3 ) Rooftop area Road area m 3 /year Open area Recommendations: Owing to the nature of aquifer rock, i.e. moderately weathered, fractured/jointed at most of the places, it is having moderate potential for recharge of aquifers. 1. Based on the survey and sec. information area shallow recharge structures such as recharge bores of limited depth around 2-5 m are suitable for the area. 2. Recharge pit around the dug well is recommended on site. 3. A recharge pit of 1.0 m x 1.0 m x 1.5 m depth should be constructed around the with filter media. Surrounding recharge pits and filter media as provided in the design can be sufficient to recharge the aquifer area available on site in a scenario of reasonable distributed rainfall in the season. 163 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.

191 The surface run off is not directly led into the recharge bore, to avoid chances of contamination of groundwater. Instead rainwater is collected in a recharge pit which will be 1.0 m x 1.0 m x 1.5 m depth. After the excavation the pits are filled with pebbles, boulders as well as coarse sand which act as filter. The size of the filter material is generally taken as: Coarse sand 1.5 to 2 mm Gravels 5 to 10 mm Boulders- 5 to 20 cm The filter material should be filled in graded manner. Boulders at the bottom, gravels in the middle and coarse sand at the top. Inside this tube well a perforated casing should be inserted up to the depth where the upper loose strata give way to the hard strata. The annular space between the tube well and the slotted casing should be filled with gravel. MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd. 164

192 Figure No Rainwater harvesting and storm water drainage plan 165 MITCON Consultancy & Engineering Services Ltd.