Philippine Transportation Statistics

Transcription

1 1

2 Chapter 1 Introduction 2

3 1. Introduction The Philippines is an archipelago of 7,107 islands spread over a total land area of 299,764 square kilometers. Efficient transportation system that will interconnect all the islands in the country is vital in supporting the development programs of the country. As such, information or statistical data relating to the country s transport sector serves as essential input in the design of appropriate programs and projects. In the Philippines, there is a government-wide system of providing statistical information to the public, the Philippine Statistical System (PSS). This is a decentralized system composed of a policy-making body, data producers, users, research and training institutions, and data providers. The present system is defined by Executive Order No. 121 of the Philippines. The framework of coordination is shown in Figure 1. Legislative Offices Executive Offices Training, Education and Research Institutions 0 Data Users Policy- Making/ Coordinating Agency Data Producers Data Suppliers/Respondents Figure 1. Framework of Coordination in the Philippine Statistical System The policy making and coordinating body is the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB). The NSCB formulates policies, delineates responsibilities, sets priorities and standards on statistics and administers the one-stop statistical information center. It also maintains multi-sectoral frameworks/indicator system. It also provides links for coordination between and among the key players. It also serves as the statistical clearing-house and liaison for international matters. Based on the PSS, the data producers or the agencies that produce statistics as their primary function are the National Statistics Office (NSO), Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) and Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics (BLES). In addition to these statistical agencies, various other government departments/agencies generate statistics as byproducts of their primary functions. These agencies disseminate directly to data users and provide NSCB a copy of their data. With regards to transport sector, the NSCB compiles data from several government agencies. The statistics on land surface and rail transport are provided by the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), Philippine National Railways (PNR), Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC) Road and Rail Division and the Land Transportation Office (LTO). Philippine Ports Authority (PPA) and Maritime Industry 3

4 Authority (MARINA) provide the maritime transport data. Air transport data are sourced from the Air Transportation Office (ATO). Aside from those agencies mentioned above, there are other government agencies, which generate transport statistics. The Philippine National Police produces data on road traffic accidents. The Philippine Coast Guard, which is under the Philippine Navy generates maritime incidents data. The Department of Interior and Local Government, which collects road inventory data from Local Government Units (LGUs). This paper elucidates the situation of transportation statistics data collection in the country. An attempt has been made to identify the transportation statistics currently generated by different government agencies in the country and to identify the transportation data gaps. 4

5 Chapter 2 Land Surface Transport (Road Transport) 5

6 2. Land Surface Transport For the case of land surface transport, the agencies that actually produce statistics are the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC), Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) and the Philippine National Police (PNP). These agencies disseminate directly to data users and provide the National Statistics and Coordination Board (NSCB) a copy of their report. When there are new data requirements, the NSCB requests data from these agencies thru proper channels. a. Road Length based on Administrative Road Classification Road length in the Philippines is usually reported based on the five (5) administrative road classification, namely: National Road, Provincial Road, City Roads, Municipal Roads and Barangay Roads. National Roads: These are roads continuous in extent that form part of the main trunk line system. The road administrator for this type of road is the National Government, specifically the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH). Provincial Roads: Roads connecting one municipality with another. The provincial government covers the maintenance of these roads. City Roads: Roads/streets within the urban area of the city to be designated by the City council. The city government is responsible for the operation and maintenance of these roads/streets. Municipal Roads: Roads or streets within the poblacion area of a certain municipality to be designated by the Municipal Council. Barangay Roads: Rural roads located either outside the urban area of city or outside industrial, commercial or residential subdivisions which act as feeder farm-to-market roads, and which are not classified as national, provincial, city or municipal roads. This type of road is to be designated by the Barangay Council concerned. Table 1 and Figure 2 shows the historical development of the Philippine Road Network. Total road length has increased gradually from 1985 to 1997 and a remarkable increase of 21.9% was noted in The increase was mainly due to the expansion of barangay roads. The decrease of the total length of road network from 1985 to 1988 was due to the correction of national and barangay road sections nationwide with overlapping section and double listed road section and the non-inclusion of the physical length in the lineal meters of bridge. It is also important to note that Table 1 data for the national road includes the north and south Luzon expressways. The data for the national road is readily available because there is a database under the Roads and Bridges Information Application System (RBIA) of the DPWH. The national road data is updated quarterly by DPWH regional offices. The data, on the other hand, for other road classification are collected by the DILG. As of 2007, from the four (4) road classification being collected by DILG, only the Provincial Road is up-to-date. The road length of city, municipal and barangay roads are still for verification. 6

7 Based on the 2006 data, about 14.5% is under the jurisdiction of the National Government through the DPWH. The remaining 85.5% fall under the jurisdiction of the Local Government Units (LGUs). Table 1. Growth of Road Length in the Philippines YEAR NATIONAL ROAD PROVINCIAL ROAD CITY ROAD MUNICIPAL ROAD BARANGAY ROAD TOTAL ,783 29,554 3,740 12,142 85, , ,190 28,194 3,987 12,825 90, , ,230 28,334 3,987 12,841 87, , ,082 28,928 3,984 12,875 85, , ,070 29,174 3,982 12,626 85, , ,110 29,144 3,949 12,707 87, , ,272 29,156 3,949 12,820 88, , ,422 29,156 3,949 12,820 88, , ,554 29,158 3,949 12,820 88, , ,594 29,158 3,949 12,820 88, , ,659 29,156 3,949 12,819 88, , ,720 29,117 3,949 12,820 88, , ,369 28,762 3,949 12,820 88, , ,650 28,530 3,949 12,820 88, , ,162 28,503 5,767 15, , , ,524 27,224 5,767 15, , , ,013 27,136 7,052 15, , , ,161 27,076 7,052 15, , , ,030 26,926 7,052 15, , , ,649 26,926 7,052 15, , , ,030 26,926 7,052 15, , , ,952 26,926 7,052 15, , , ,098 26,926 7,052 15, , , Source: Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) Figure 2. Growth of Road Length in the Philippines Road Length (Kms) 140, , ,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20, NATIONAL ROAD PROVINCIAL ROAD CITY Year ROAD MUNICIPAL ROAD BARANGAY ROAD Source: Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) 7

8 b. Road Length by Surface Type The statistics on road length by surface type is also collected and reported by DPWH and DILG. The data for national road is collected by DPWH while the data for provincial, city, municipal and barangay roads are gathered by DILG. Table 2 below shows the existing road length by surface type for the whole country. Of the total of 200,869 kms of roads in the Philippines, 21 % is paved and 79% is still unpaved. The percentage of paved roads has increased by only 8% from 1982 to This may be attributed to the inadequate financial and technical resources of the LGUs considering that about 85% of the total roads fall under their responsibility. For , there was no update on road length by surface type because during this time the DPWH is doing the roads and bridges database for the country. Comparing Table 1 and 2, it will be observed that there are some discrepancies on values. This happens when data is gathered at different times of the year. The road length data may vary when the data gathered is in May and December. There may be road improvement projects finished between May and December. As such, the road length especially on national road may differ. Regional offices of DPWH do the inventory of roads for national roads every quarter. Table 2. Existing Road Length by Surface Type and Paved Ratio LENGTH (Kilometer) PERCENT (%) YEAR PAVED UNPAVED TOTAL PAVED CONCRETE ASPHALT GRAVEL EARTH ROADS ,337 11, ,613 10, , ,331 11, ,643 9, , ,366 11, ,515 9, , ,564 12, ,399 9, , ,804 12, ,051 9, , ,146 12, ,679 8, , ,358 12, ,953 8, , ,682 13, ,401 8, , ,389 13, ,830 8, , ,409 13, ,840 8, , ,586 13, ,743 8, , ,713 13, ,704 8, , ,487 13, ,634 8, , ,937 13, ,165 8, , ,013 12, ,584 56, , ,593 12, ,930 56, , ,922 13, ,929 56, , ,639 13, ,048 56, , ,870 13, ,277 57, , ,816 13,867 99,782 56, , Source: Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) 8

9 Table 2 and Figure 3 shows the surface type and paved ratio of national roads per region for The cut-off data for this set of data is October 31, There are some areas with no inventory. This means that there are some road sections, which are either under construction and/or within Urban Metropolitan Area. By surface type, the National Capital Region (NCR) was noted to have the highest paved ratio with the total length of its road composed by 68.57% concrete and 30.36% asphalt. Regions with very high gravel roads includes Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) (65.38%), Region IV-B (54.69%) and Region XIII (52.25%). On the other hand, Regions I, III, IV-A and VII were noted to be with higher percentage of paved roads. Road length data by surface type for other road classification per region is not yet available for 2007 Table 9. Existing Surface Type and Paved Ratio By Region(National Road) 2007 Region Concrete Asphalt Gravel Earth No Inventory TOTAL (km) (%) (km) (%) (km) (%) (km) (%) (km) (%) CAR , ,843 NCR ,031 Region I ,610 Region II ,765 Region III ,993 Region IV-A , ,403 Region IV-B , ,185 Region V ,197 Region VI 1, ,880 Region VII ,034 Region VIII 1, ,370 Region IX ,218 Region X ,651 Region XI ,447 Region XII ,304 Region XIII ,357 Source: Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) Figure 3. Surface Type and Paved Ratio By Region (National Road) CAR NCR Region I Region II Region III Region IV-A Region IV-B Region V Region VI Region VII Region VIII Region IX Region X 9 Region XI Region XII Region XIII Source: Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) No Inventory Earth Gravel Asphalt Concrete

10 c. Existing Bridges Along National Roads The DPWH also maintains and collects data on the length and status of bridges located along national roads. Table 3 shows the existing bridges along national roads. The bridges are classified according to the type of structure: permanent or temporary. From , only the total length of the existing bridges and the number of bridges are available. Table 3. Existing Bridges Along National Roads ( ) YEAR LENGTH ACCORDING TO TYPE OF STRUCTURE TOTAL LENGTH NO. OF BRIDGES PERMANENT TEMPORARY ,478 56, , ,404 55, , ,612 57, , ,936 57, , ,577 53, , ,149 48, , ,672 50, ,251 7, ,684 44, ,438 7, ,563 44, ,191 7, ,639 45, ,766 7, ,821 41, ,261 7, ,362 40, ,738 7, ,455 33, ,015 7, ,206 29, ,969 7, ,704 29, ,833 7, ,685 29, ,988 7, ,123 28, ,870 7, ,228 27, ,536 7, ,850 21, , ,586 7, ,960 7, ,102 7, ,365 7,517 Source: Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) Note: Length of Bridges is in linear meters. d. Motor Vehicle Registration Motor vehicle registration is under the jurisdiction of the Land Transportation Office (LTO). The LTO s mission is to rationalize the land transportation service and facilities and to implement effectively the various transportation laws, rules and regulations. Basically, their mandate and main functions are: inspection and registration of motor vehicles, issuance of licenses and permits, enforcement of Land Transportation Rules and Regulations, adjudication of traffic cases and collection of revenues for the Government. Registered motor vehicles are classified into seven groups, namely: cars, Utility vehicles (UV), sports utility vehicle (SUV), trucks, buses, motorcycles/tricycles and trailers. Based 10

11 on the data obtained from the Land Transportation Office (LTO), all types of vehicles have more or less steadily increased in the past 17 years as shown in Table 4 and Figure. The average growth per year is 3.12% for cars, 5.88% for UV, 21.26% for SUV, 4.72% trucks, 3.35% for buses, 12.13% for MC/TC and 1.92% for trailers. In the year 2007, total registered vehicles is 5,530,052 consisting of 751,092 cars or 14.09%, 1,602,619 or 30.06% UV, 192,991 or 3.62% SUV, 281,261 or 5.28% trucks, 30,159 or 0.57% buses, 2,647,574 or MC/TC,24,356 or 0.46% Trailers. Table 4. Registered Motor Vehicles for the Philippines YEARS CARS UV SUV TRUCKS BUSES MC/TC TRAILERS TOTAL , ,603 * 130,973 18, ,426 18,345 1,620, , ,848 * 138,338 20, ,927 18,957 1,715, , ,190 * 146,689 25, ,938 20,297 1,879, , ,168 * 165,280 24, ,655 22,169 2,125, , ,675 * 179,793 27, ,292 24,348 2,341, , ,331 * 192,792 28, ,059 27,409 2,581, ,578 1,101,077 * 220,388 29, ,599 29,515 2,904, ,299 1,191,392 * 242,842 31, ,044 32,022 3,193, ,204 1,244,019 * 231,342 31,806 1,032,594 27,852 3,316, ,835 1,310,865 * 243,443 33,193 1,144,666 27,730 3,533, ,948 1,388,117 * 248,369 33,886 1,236,241 26,612 3,701, ,350 1,425,880 63, ,596 31,686 1,338,263 23,701 3,865, ,553 1,554,619 97, ,774 33,915 1,470,383 23,734 4,187, ,665 1,570, , ,509 31,349 1,552,579 23,853 4,292, ,160 1,647, , ,977 35,003 1,847,361 23,121 4,760, ,408 1,633, , ,915 30,977 2,157,737 23,922 5,059, ,373 1,618, , ,901 29,144 2,409,363 23,898 5,331, ,092 1,602, , ,261 30,159 2,647,574 24,356 5,530,052 Source: Land Transportation Office Note: * - During this year, Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV) is not yet considered as one of the motor vehicle classification in the Philippines Figure 4. Motor Vehicle Registration in the Philippines ( ) 6,000,000 5,000,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 0 CARS Utility Vehicles (UV) Trucks Motorcycle/ Tricycle Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV) No. of Registered Vehicles Year 11

12 Table 5 presents the total number of registered motor vehicles by region for the year 1997 to The highest number of vehicles is noted in Luzon, particularly in the National Capital Region (NCR), and the lowest share is noted in Mindanao. Table 5. Registered Motor Vehicles per Region ( ) REGION MOTOR VEHICLE REGISTERED I 150, , , , , , , , , , ,783 II 102, , , , , , , , , , ,491 III 347, , , , , , , , , , ,360 IV 383, , , , , , , , , , ,627 V 81,009 86,921 92,315 96, , , , , , , ,940 NCR 1,253,669 1,234,372 1,271,227 1,286,176 1,255,140 1,390,579 1,389,808 1,505,409 1,580,753 1,555,174 1,592,036 CAR 38,443 41,920 45,004 47,213 50,605 52,798 51,308 52,300 63,921 63,505 64,664 LUZON 2,356,115 2,430,861 2,572,046 2,674,464 2,751,634 2,977,496 3,009,321 3,301,296 3,581,797 3,691,634 3,857,901 VI 164, , , , , , , , , , ,498 VII 236, , , , , , , , , , ,156 VIII 55,720 59,220 65,305 69,515 72,636 81,752 87, , , , ,996 VISAYAS 456, , , , , , , , , , ,650 IX 68,947 74,200 83,783 89,842 98, , , , , , ,635 X 71,403 74,482 79,206 83,902 89, , , , , , ,416 XI 158, , , , , , , , , , ,951 XII 52,953 56,382 61,466 66,586 64,511 85, , , , , ,211 CARAGA 29,401 34,012 33,824 36,329 39,758 42,341 44,631 48,569 54,335 58,241 59,288 MINDANAO 380, , , , , , , , , , ,501 TOTAL 3,193,549 3,316,817 3,533,732 3,701,173 3,865,862 4,187,673 4,292,272 4,760,593 5,059,753 5,331,574 5,530,052 For Year 2007, the total number of registered motor vehicles in the Philippines reached 5,530,052 units. This figure is equivalent to a 3.72% increase from the previous year. No. of Registered REGION Vehiclesegistered Vehicles Region I 310,783 Region II 192,491 Region III 733,360 Region IV 795,627 Region V 168,940 Region VI 305,498 Region VII 436,156 Region VIII 119,996 Region IX 168,635 Region X 158,416 Region XI 218,951 Region XII 205,211 NCR 1,592,036 CAR 64,664 CARAGA 59,288 5,530,052 Total Vehicle Registration, Year % 4% 4% 3% 3% 2% 1% 1% 6% 8% 3% 3% 6% 13% 14% Region I Region II Region III Region IV Region V Region VI Region VII Region VIII Region IX Region X Region XI Region XII NCR CAR CARAGA Figure 4. Total Vehicle Registration,

13 e. Licenses The Land Transportation Office (LTO) handles the issuance of licenses in the Philippines. There are three types of driver's license in the Philippines, namely: Student Permit, Non- Professional driver's license, and Professional Driver's license. The minimum age for driving in the Philippines is 16 years old provided that they must have a student permit and must be accompanied by a person with a professional driver's license. The minimum age to get a Non-Professional license is 17 years old. And to secure a Professional driving license, the age requirement is at least 18 years old. Table 6 shows the license issuance in the country per region for This includes the three types of driver s license being issued in the Philippines and the conductors permit. Based on the table, the regions with very high percentage of license issuance are the National Capital Region (28.25%), Region III (13.02%) and Region IV-A (12.74%). Table 6. Licenses Issued per Region 2007 STUDENT CONDUCTORS PERMIT NON-PROF PROFESSIONAL TOTAL GRAND TOTAL MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE CO , ,700 2,695 2, ,873 3,182 12,055 I 71,793 14, ,550 9, , ,691 24, ,789 II 41,110 6, ,117 4,845 64, ,281 11, ,140 III 148,511 41,177 1, ,483 33, ,772 7, ,175 82, ,302 IV-A 148,538 41, ,128 33, ,891 3, ,499 78, ,228 IV-B 21,581 4, ,930 2,402 25, ,693 6,896 57,589 V 42,206 10, ,712 4,713 56,247 1, ,491 16, ,052 VI 67,350 12, ,233 11, ,539 2, ,878 27, ,578 VII 78,600 22, ,730 25, ,221 3, ,806 51, ,048 VIII 26,106 6, ,234 4,784 34, ,121 11,327 82,448 IX 29,096 4, ,908 4,403 45, ,463 9,365 98,828 X 38,615 8, ,842 7,440 60,634 1, ,266 17, ,141 XI 53,657 8, ,391 7,915 81,697 2, ,281 19, ,691 XII 50,072 6, ,818 4,983 69,717 1, ,755 12, ,083 NCR 211,156 83,195 3, , , ,406 8, , ,248 1,122,118 CAR 16,989 4, ,706 2,733 23, ,705 7,183 52,888 CARAGA 22,255 3, ,606 1,576 29, ,630 6,037 62,667 TOTAL 1,068, ,271 10, , ,099 1,702,099 36,447 3,362, ,167 3,972,645 Source: Land Transportation Office The data on driver licenses issued are also classified according to the type of applicationn, namely: new, renewal or conversion. Table 7 illustrates the data from As shown in the table, the licenses issued by the LTO is increasing every year. As of 2007, there are already 3,972,645 licenses issued. 13

14 Table 7. Number of Driver Licenses Issued New and Renewal YEAR NEW RENEWAL CONVERSION TOTAL , , , , ,719 30,485 1,081, , ,057 31,318 1,213, , ,865 1,221, , ,781 39,522 1,555, , ,164 36,249 1,635, , ,225 36,201 1,710, , ,962 34,380 1,983, ,022,828 1,038,141 33,619 2,094, ,079,712 1,027,932 39,168 2,146, ,172,061 1,216,766 40,969 2,429, ,316,448 1,284,503 46,136 2,647, ,451,212 1,226,247 44,818 2,722, ,459,980 1,414,555 44,418 2,918, ,452,030 1,486,811 48,573 2,987, ,432,990 1,453,507 49,005 2,935, ,379,211 1,487,560 46,271 2,913, ,431,248 1,505,213 41,662 2,978, ,634,905 1,596,448 52,817 3,284, ,728,468 1,765,285 54,288 3,548, ,823,296 1,860,716 27,844 3,711, ,960,204 2,012,441 * 3,972,645 Source: Land Transportation Office Note: *Not yet available f. Road Accidents The traffic accidents in the Philippines are collected by the Philippine National Police Traffic Management Group (PNP-TMG) and DPWH. However, the classification of road accidents differs between the two (2) agencies. The PNP- TMG data is classified into 12: driver s error, drunk driving, mechanical defect, over speeding, use of cellphone while driving, road defect, hit and run, bad overtaking, bad turning, overloading, self accident and others. The DPWH data on the other hand is classified into three (3): human error, vehicular defect and road defect. DPWH also classify the accidents based on the severity of accidents, namely: fatal, serious injury, Minor injury and property damage. Table 8 shows the traffic accidents in the Philippines from This indicates the data coming from the PNP-TMG and DPWH. The data from DPWH is readily available since they are already developing the accidents database for the country. Table 9 and Figure 5 illustrate the traffic accidents per region for Region XI exhibited the highest frequency of accidents with a share of 32.54%. It is also important to note that NCR has the highest number of motor vehicle registration but it has fairly low number traffic accidents. 14

15 Table 8. Traffic Accidents in the Philippines ( ) PNP-TMG Cause of Accident Driver's Error 4,319 3,301 4,182 Drunk Driving Mechanical Defect 2,087 1,434 2,388 Over speeding 1,505 1,624 1,958 Using Cellphone while Driving Road Defect Repair 1, ,021 Hit and Run Bad Overtaking 1, ,067 Bad Turning Overloading ,038 Self Accident ,115 Others TOTAL 14,202 11,236 15,068 DPWH Cause Of Accident Human Error 6,352 6,720 5,470 4,206 Vehicular Defect Road Defect TOTAL 7,110 7,585 6,097 4,606 Source: Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) REGION Freq. of Accidents Table 9. Traffic Accidents per Region (2007) Main Cause Of Severity of Accidents No of Casualties Accident Alcohol/ Drug Suspected Accidents Serious Minor Property Serious Minor Human Veh. Road Fatal Injury Injury Damage Killed Injury Injury Error Defect Defect PHIL. 4, ,428 2, ,292 3,107 4, NCR CAR I II III IV-A IV-B V VI VII VIII IX X XI 1, , XII XIII Source: Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) 15

16 Figure 5. Summary of Traffic Accidents per Region 2007 SEVERITY AND CASUALTY NCR CAR I II III IV-A IV-B V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII REGION Fatal Serious Injury Minor Injury Property Damage Killed Serious Injury Minor Injury Source: Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) 16

17 Chapter 3 Maritime Transport 17

18 3. Maritime Transport Several departments of the Philippine government have a participation in running the maritime transportation industry, with its own functions and powers. The main government authority with respect to policy formulation and infrastructure investment is the Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC) and the Philippine Ports Authority (PPA). Other government agencies involved in safety and security, industry promotion, and system operation are: Maritime Industry Authority (MARINA), Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) and Office of Transport Security (OTS). There are also devolved localized bodies, which includes Cebu Port Authority (CPA), Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA), Cagayan Export Zone Authority and Phividec Industrial Authority (PIA). a. Ports The development of ports in the Philippines was carried out before through different port administrative system. Today, the structure of the Philippine Port System can be divided into four categories: (1) the PPA port system consisting of public and private ports; (2) ports under the jurisdiction of independent port authorities; (3) public ports devolved to the local government units (LGUs); and (4) the recently-established Road RO-RO Terminal System (RRTS). Ports in the Philippines can be classified by port authorities, that is, ports managed by PPS, CPS, ARMM,-RPMA, LGUs/DOTC, PPMBs and the private sector. There is no accurate statistical number of ports in the Philippines since there are various types of ports ranging from big international ports to extremely small, which is catering to local fishing and passenger movements. Based on table 11, there are around 2,451 ports in the country. There are 423 private ports, mostly ports belonging to private enterprises for their own exclusive use. There are 421 fishing ports, most of which are under the administration of the Philippine Fisheries Development Authority. The Philippine Port Authority (PPA) operates 239 public ports, which consists of 25 base ports and 214 secondary ports or terminal ports. In addition, around 1,369 ports, which are handled by the LGUs. 18

19 Table 10. Port Development in the Philippines Source: Collated by the JICA Study Team on JICA-MARINA Study on Domestic Shipping Development Plan in the Philippines (DSDP) including the Port Master Plan (JICA, 2004) 19

20 Table 11. Number of Ports in the Philippines Source: JICA Study on the Port Master Plan (PPA, CPA, DOTC and Public Port Development Bodies, SBMA, PPMC, CEZA, PIA), 2000 Quinquennial Inventory of Ports in December 1999 (NSCB) [Number of Fishing Ports]) b. Passenger and Cargo Movements The passenger and cargo movements come from the Philippine Ports Authority (PPA). Table 12 shows the passenger and cargo movements in the Philippines from Table 12 Passenger and Cargo Movements in the Philippines ( ) Domestic 79,554,834 79,431,913 82,742,123 79,263,064 72,840,475 Foreign 69,520,194 66,854,035 74,397,465 75,829,495 81,500,303 Transit 382, , , ,468 Total Cargo 149,457,449, 146,655, ,367, ,250, ,340,778 Disembarking 25,186,221 26,582,126 27,044,947 24,722,609 21,252,337 Embarking 23,930,422 25,136,514 25,991,449 23,907,066 21,303,668 Total Passenger Traffic 49,116,643 51,718,640 53,036,396 48,629,675 42,556,005 20

21 c. Maritime Incidents The regulation and enforcement of maritime laws on safety has gone through several phases through the years. Before, regulation and enforcement of maritime laws is the sole responsibility of the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) under the wings of the Philippine Navy. Today, it is looked after by three (3) Departments of the Philippine Government: the DILG through the Philippine National Police Maritime Group (PNP-MG); the Department of Transportation and Communications through the Maritime Industry Authority (MARINA), Philippine Coast Guard (PCG), Philippine Ports Authority (PPA) and Cebu Ports Authority (CPA); and the Department of National Defense through the Philippine Navy. Despite the increased involvement of other government agencies, the PCG remains to be the center for coordination and management being the most equipped and trained in this specialized line of work. PCG also collects and reports the maritime incidents in the country. Table 13 shows the maritime incidents for all vessel type based on the records of PCG. However, the available data yet is up to They are still consolidating the data coming from different units around the country. Table 13 Summary of Maritime Accidents in the Philippines ( ) All VESSEL TYPE * Aground Sunk Collision Caught Fire Capsized Missing Drifted/Engine Trouble Flooding Rammed Others SUMMARY Number of Incident Number of SAR Mission Number of Casualties Number of Person Missing Person Rescued/Survivors 2,050 1, ,339 3,828 2,771 1,969 1,178 2,903 4,893 2,920 5,121 Source: Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) Note: * The source for 2003 data is the Maritime Industry in the Philippines Databook

22 Chapter 4 Air Transport 22

23 4. Air Transport The main government agency in charge of policy-making body and infrastructure investment is the DOTC. Other government agencies involved in safety and security, industry promotion and system operation are: Air Transportation Office (ATO) and Office of the Transport Security (OTS). Devolved localized bodies includes: Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA) Mactan-Cebu International airport authority (MCIAA) and Clark International Airport Authority (CIAC) and Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA). Economic regulation is handled by Civil aeronautics Board (CAB). a. Airports The Philippines has a total of 85 national airports, which are classified as international, trunkline, secondary and feeder airports. There are eight (8) international airports designated as major gateways to the country. There are also twelve (12) trunkline airports served by jet aircraft. The rest of the domestic airports are classified either as secondary or feeder airports serviced by mainly turbo-propeller type aircraft. Table 14 shows the number of registered airports in the Philippines. This is classified into national and private ports. The data is from the Air Transportation Office (ATO). Table 14. Summary of Registered Airports in the Philippines ( ) Year National Private Total Source: Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC) 23

24 b. Domestic Air Transport Services There are three (3) domestic air carriers, which dominate air transport services in the country, namely: Philippine Airlines, Cebu Pacific Airways and Air Philippines. The Philippine Airlines (PAL) was the only airline carrier allowed to operate in the Philippine Airports until 1986, when the air transport policy on airline liberalization was adopted leading to the demonopolization of PAL. Figure 6. National Airports in the Philippines Source: Air Transportation Office (ATO) 24

25 c. Aircraft, Passenger and Cargo Movements The data source for aircraft, passenger and cargo movements is the Air Transportation authority (ATO). Table 15 illustrates the summary of movements by region in The highest number of movements is observed in NCR. Table 15. Summary of Aircraft, Cargo, and Passenger Movements By Region (2006) Region Aircraft Cargo Passenger NCR 20, ,759,150 18,229,221 CAR ,656 18,352 I 2,272 2,803, ,901 II 4, ,292 66,636 III 6,638 7, ,490 IV 5,608 5,181, ,051 V 1,999 1,202, ,371 VI 20,565 26,303,602 2,512,159 VII 3,967 8,590, ,747 VIII 3,008 3,676, ,764 IX 3,209 5,778, ,053 X 3,001 10,374, ,241 XI 6,986 40,753,487 1,341,814 XII 1,884 10,379, ,024 XIII 1,417 2,043, ,455 ARMM ,963 9,917 Total 86, ,847,433 26,123,196 Source: Air Transportation Office d. Aircraft Accidents Table 16 below shows the summary of accidents for the country from As shown in the table, the number of accidents decreases from

26 Table 16. Summary of Aircraft Accidents in the Philippines ( ) Type of Accident Number of Casualties Air Turbulence 15 Collision with electrical 1 power line Collision with mountain 4 Collision with terrain 1 Controlled flight into terrain Crash Landing Engine failure after 1 1 airborne Engine Malfunction Flight into terrain Incapacity of Pilot in 1 command Loss control on Ground 1 1 Loss of control 1 Runway Overshoot 4 1 Uncontrolled flight into 1 terrain Unlawful interference 1 Undetermined Others TOTAL Source: Air Transportation Office 26

27 Chapter 5 Rail Transport 27

28 5. Rail Transport The main government agency in-charge of the policy-making and infrastructure investment is the Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC) and Metro Manila Development authority (MMDA) for the National Capital Region (NCR). The other government agencies, which is responsible fore safety and security, industry protection and system operation are: Light Rail Transit authority (LRTA), DOTC, Philippine National Railways (PNR). a. Railway System The Metro Manila urban rail system is comprised of three LRT/MRT lines, notably Light Rail Transit (LRT) Line 1, LRT Line 2 and the Mass Rail Transit Line 3 (commonly referred to as EDSA Line). The Light Rail Transit System Line No. 1 consists of 15 km elevated railway system servicing the Taft Avenue Rizal Avenue route between Baclaran, Pasay City and the Bonifacio Monument in the City of Caloocan. It is considered to be the first LRT system in Southeast Asia. The Megatren, more popularly known by its generic name LRT Line 2, is a 13.8 km mass transit line that traverses five cities in Metro Manila namely Pasig, Marikina, Quezon City, San Juan and Manila) along the major thoroughfares of Marcos Highway, Aurora Boulevard, Ramon Magsaysay Boulevard, Legarda and Recto Avenue. The EDSA MRT Line runs on double-track and partly elevated carriageway along EDSA from North Avenue in Quezon City to Taft Avenue in Pasay City. The 17.8 km EDSA route consists of 13 stations: North Triangle, Quezon Avenue, Kamuning, Cubao, Santolan, Ortigas, Shaw, Bonifacio Avenue, Guadalupe, Buendia, Ayala, Magallanes and Taft Avenue. Figure 7 shows the existing railway system and its extension. PNR System Over the years, the Philippine National Railways (PNR) has constructed the following railway lines linking Metro Manila and the rest of Luzon. Main Line North (Manila to San Fernando City, La Union Province) 266 kms Main Line South (Manila to Legaspi City, Albay Province) 480 kms San Jose Branch Line (Tarlac to San Jose, Nueva Ecija) Cabanatuan Branch Line (Calamba to Batangas) Santa Cruz Branch Line (College to Sta. Cruz, Laguna) The current Operational lines are the Main Line South for Long distance line (Tayuman Station in Manila to Legaspi Station in Albay with length of km) and the Commuter Lines (Caloocan to Calamba with length of km and the branch line of San Pedro Carmona with Length of 4.7 km.) based on the Working Timetable 55-A dated April 15, The total length of heavy rail currently in operation is approximately km. with gauge of m. There are limited data available for freight and passenger along railways. These are essentially due to the fact that there are few non-operational lines in the Philippines including the Philippine National Railways (PNR) Main Line South and Commuter Line, the EDSA MRT, the LRT Line 1 and the LRT Line 2. Among these, only the PNR Main Line South qualifies for inter-regional passenger and freight movements. 28

29 Figure 7. Existing Railway system and its Extension Source: Light Rail Transit authority (LRTA) b. Rail Transport Statistics The summary of rail transport statistics is shown in Table 17. It will be observed that the route length decreases from 523 to 85 kms in This is so because the PNR Main Line South becomes non-operational. Table 17. Summary of Rail Transport Statistics ( ) AREA/ITEM TRAFFIC DATA Number of Passenger (million) Passenger-Kilometers (million) 2,267 2,459 2,637 2,714 Freight (million) N/A N/A N/A N/A Freight-Km (million) N/A N/A N/A N/A RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE Route Length (km) Double Track Length (km) Electrified Route Length (km) Number of Locomotives (PNR) Number of Passenger Coaches Number of Freight Wagons (PNR) Urban Rail Length (km) Source: Rail Transport Division - DOTC 29

30 Chapter 6 Conclusion and Recommendations 30

31 6. Conclusion In the Philippines, several government agencies are involved in the planning and administration of the transport sector. The two lead agencies are: the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) and Department of Transportation and Communications. Most of the transportation data (rail, road, water, air). Some other agencies which contribute to the transportation statistics of the country are: Air Transportation Office (ATO), Philippine Ports Authority (PPA), Light Rail Transit Authority (LRTA), Philippine National Railways (PNR), Land Transportation Office (LTO), Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG), Philippine National Police Traffic Management Group (PNP-TMG) and Philippine coast Guard (PCG). However, there are cases that transportation statistics are gathered by different agencies using different classifications. It is important to harmonize them in order to have greater international comparability. Data users should also be organized in order to discuss and determine the factors or indicators that will be gathered by the National Statistics Coordination Board (NSCB) for the transport Sector. Also, budget should be provided for updating the transport data for different agencies, most especially for those agencies, which produces data as by-product of their primary function. 31

32 Chapter 7 References 32

33 7. References Air Transportation Office. Available: Department of Public Works and Highways (2003) Roads in the Philippines 2003, Metro Manila Department of Transportation and Communications. Available: Land Transportation Office. Available: Light Rail Transit Authority. Available: National Statistics Coordination Board. Available: National Statistics Coordination Board (2007) NSCB 2007 Annual Report, Metro Manila. Reyes, Minard T. and S. Abejo, Mechanisms and Initiatives for Monitoring Philippines Progress in MDGs, 31 July -2 August UNESCAP/SIAP/UNDP/ADB Workshop Statistics for Monitoring the Achievement of the MDGs in Asia and the Pacific. Bangkok. The Inter-Regional Passenger and Freight Flow Surveys in the Republic of the Philippines (2004), Department of Transportation and communications, Metro Manila. The Study on Domestic Shipping Plan in the Republic of the Philippines (2005), Maritime Industry Authority, Metro Manila. 33