The 20 GW challenge in the Netherlands Experience & Needs of Inverter Manufacturers

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1 The 20 GW challenge in the Netherlands Experience & Needs of Inverter Manufacturers Sleep een afbeelding in dit vak, of klik op het icoontje en importeer de afbeelding als bestand.

2 SMA Facts & Figures Sales 2012: EUR 1.5 billion Installed global capacity : > 30 GW Employees: worldwide R&D Professionals: >1.000 Invest R&D 2012: > 100 Mio. V lp A s n io Founded: 1981 t lic p a Comprehensive Product Range On-grid Off-grid Backup Global Presence l A m rfo e p e c n a s e g n ra Facts & Figures Industrial > 1 MW Commercial kw Residential 2 30 kw Residential < 2 kw 21 Germany South Africa Subsidiarie Belgium s Czech Republic Worldwide Canada Chile USA France Greece Italy Poland Portugal Spain United Kingdom Australia China India Japan South Korea Thailand United Arab Emirates 8 SMA is the global market and technology leader for solar inverters

3 Grid integration in Germany > In Germany there is already > 33 GW of Photovoltaics installed > Goal: by % of electricity must come from renewables > With over 30 GW of inverter power installed worldwide, SMA can help to find solutions to make this possible

4 Challenges: Grid stability > How can inverters help to support the grid? 1. By exchanging reactive power with the grid 2. By limiting the active power when the frequency rises 3. Fault Ride through capability 4. Reduction of active power by the grid utility > In Germany the grid connection requirements are well defined: VDE AR4105 > The sooner the requirements are implemented, the lesser the need for retroactive action!

5 Using Reactive Power > By changing cosine φ at the feed-in point, the inverter helps to reduce the increase of voltage on the Low Voltage grid Medium voltage grid MV-Station Low voltage line House connection 1 +2 Load 1 Load 2 High PV-Feed in with low load same but with reactive power Cable length Max. Load with voltage regulation at MVStation

6 Limiting Active Power in case of overfrequency > By reducing active power feed-in when grid frequency rises, PV inverters can help to avoid large frequency fluctuations

7 Fault Ride Through: Dynamic Grid Support > Instead of disconnecting when the grid is down, the inverters stay connected, feed in reactive power, and start up immediately if the voltage dip is brief

8 How do we get to this point? > With clear regulations from the Grid Utilities, Inverter manufacturers can make sure their products fulfill the requirements > For now each country has its own rules. In the Netherlands: > NEN EN for inverters < 3 x 16 A > Technical Code Electricity for inverters > 3 x 16 A > Ideally, all European countries should follow the same rules. Grid utilities interact in ENTSO-E

9 Demand side management: how can a PV plant owner help? > By shifting loads to the time that the PV plant is producing, the PV plant owner increases his self consumption and reduces the use of the grid > SMA Sunny Home Manager uses the data from the inverter, plus the weather forecast, to automatically switch loads such as dishwashers, washing machines etc.

10 Adding storage capacity helps to increase selfconsumption Electricity Demand Grid Feed-In SelfConsumption Battery discharged Batterieentladung Power in W Batterieladung mit PV-Energie Battery Charged from PV > A storage system will allow to shift the usage of PV energy from day to night time > Additional increase of self-consumption, independent from load shifting

11 SMA solution: Sunny Home Manager PV generator Home Energy Manageme nt System Legacy appliance Smart plug PV inverter Smart meters Battery charge controller Battery pack > Comprehensive energy monitoring > Energy profile of individual appliances > PV energy and load forecasting > Automatic appliance control depending on surplus energy, energy tariffs, and average load profiles > Additional load management recommendations > Charging and discharging a battery pack according to the current Local energy management supports the absorption of locally produced energy balance energy in the grid through optimizing the correlation between generation and load demand

12 Smart Home Overview with SMA Sunny Boy 5000 Smart Energy

13 Smart use of load management and storage > The result: less stress on the grid (red line), so: > More space on the grid for PV plants

14 Precise extrapolation and forecasting of PV generation is required PV performance Germany SMA Sunny Portal PV System Sites Power & Irradiation Measurement Plant specific Weather & Power Prediction Master file data: Site Module type Tilt and orientation Nominal power SMA co-op partners Weather / Irradiation Forecast Utilities Satellite Pictures Extrapolation and prediction of regional PV power

15 How do we get to this point? > Motivate PV plant owners to increase self consumption at the right moments > Financial incentives > Motivate all consumers to switch on loads at the right time > Variable electricity prices > Encourage the development of storage systems > In Germany: subsidies for battery storage > Cooperation with manufacturers of smart household appliances > Washing machines, heat pumps, boilers etc. > By fitting demand to supply, investment in infrastructure can be avoided

16 Energy that changes