Chapter 15 Review. 2. Which is the formula for the hydronium ion? A. OH - B. H 2 O C. H 3 O + D. H 3 O - E. H 2 O +

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1 Chapter 15 Review Student: 1. Which is not a characteristic property of acids? A. tastes sour B. turns litmus from blue to red C. reacts with metals to yield CO 2 gas D. neutralizes bases E. reacts with carbonates to yield CO 2 gas 2. Which is the formula for the hydronium ion? A. OH B. H 2 O C. H 3 O + D. H 3 O E. H 2 O + 3. In the reaction H 2 CO 3 + H 2 O HCO 3 + H 3 O +, the Brønsted acids are A. H 2 CO 3 and H 2 O. B. HCO 3 and H 2 CO 3. C. H 2 O and H 3 O +. D. H 3 O + and H 2 CO 3. E. H 2 O and HCO In the reaction HSO 4 (aq) + OH (aq) SO 4 (aq) + H 2 O(l), the conjugate acidbase pairs are A. Row 1 B. Row 2 C. Row 3 D. Row 4 E. Row 5 5. Identify the conjugate base of HPO 4 in the reaction HCO 3 + HPO 4 H 2 CO 3 + PO 3 4 A. H 2 O B. HCO 3 C. H 2 CO 3 D. PO 3 4 E. none of these 6. Identify the conjugate base of HClO 3 in the reaction ClO 3 + HSO 4 HClO 3 + SO 4 A. ClO 3 B. HSO 4 C. OH D. H 3 O + E. SO 4 7. Identify the conjugate acid of SO 4 in the reaction CO 3 + HSO 4 HCO 3 + SO 4 A. CO 3 B. HSO 4 C. OH D. H 3 O + E. SO 4

2 8. Which one of these statements about strong acids is true? A. All strong acids have H atoms bonded to electronegative oxygen atoms. B. Strong acids are 100% ionized in water. C. The conjugate base of a strong acid is itself a strong base. D. Strong acids are very concentrated acids. E. Strong acids produce solutions with a higher ph than weak acids. 9. What is the concentration of H + in a 2.5 M HCl solution? A. 0 B. 1.3 M C. 2.5 M D. 5.0 M E. 10.M 10. The OH concentration in a M Ba(OH) 2 solution is A M. B M. C M. D M. E M. 11. What is the H + ion concentration in a M KOH solution? A M B M C M D M E M 12. What is the OH ion concentration in a M HNO 3 solution? A M B M C M D. zero E M 13. Determine the ph of a KOH solution made by mixing g KOH with enough water to make ml of solution. A B C D E Calculate the H + ion concentration in lemon juice having a ph of 2.4. A M B. 250 M C M D M E. 12 M 15. Calculate the ph of a 1.6 M KOH solution. A B C D E Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution of fruit juice having a ph of A M B M C M D M E M

3 17. The ph of a Ba(OH) 2 solution is What is the H + ion concentration of this solution? A M B M C M D M E. 10.M 18. Diet cola drinks have a ph of about 3.0, while milk has a ph of about 7.0. How many times greater is the H 3 O + concentration in diet cola than in milk? A. 2.3 times higher in diet cola than in milk B. 400 times higher in diet cola than in milk C times higher in diet cola than in milk D. 1,000 times higher in diet cola than in milk E. 10,000 times higher in diet cola than in milk 19. The poh of a solution is 9.60 Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration in this solution. A M B M C M D M E M 20. Which solution will have the lowest ph? A M HCN B M HNO 3 C M NaCl D M H 2 CO 3 E M NaOH 21. Which one of these responses is true with regard to a 0.1 M solution of a weak acid HA? A. [H + ] > [A ] B. ph = 1.0 C. [H + ] < [A ] D. ph > 1.0 E. [OH ] > [H + ] 22. Acid strength decreases in the series HI > HSO 4 > HF > HCN. Which of these anions is the weakest base? A. I B. SO 4 C. F D. CN 23. Acid strength increases in the series: HCN < HF < HSO 4. Which of these species is the strongest base? A. H 2 SO 4 B. SO 4 C. F D. CN E. HSO Acid strength decreases in the series: HNO 3 > HF > CH 3 COOH. Which of these species is the strongest base? A. NO 3 B. CH 3 COO C. F D. CH 3 COOH 25. Which of these acids is the strongest? A. H 2 SeO 3 B. H 2 TeO 3 C. H 2 SO Arrange the acids HOCl, HClO 3, and HClO 2 in order of increasing acid strength. A. HOCl < HClO 3 < HClO 2 B. HOCl < HClO 2 < HClO 3 C. HClO 2 < HOCl < HClO 3 D. HClO 3 < HOCl < HClO 2 E. HClO 3 < HClO 2 < HOCl

4 27. Arrange the acids HBr, H 2 Se, and H 3 As in order of increasing acid strength. A. HBr < H 2 Se < H 3 As B. HBr < H 3 As < H 2 Se C. H 2 Se < H 3 As < HBr D. H 3 As< H 2 Se < HBr E. H 3 As< HBr < H 2 Se 28. When comparing acid strength of binary acids HX, as X varies within a particular group of the periodic table, which one of these factors dominates in affecting the acid strength? A. bond strength B. electron withdrawing effects C. percent ionic character of the HX bond D. solubility E. Le Châtelier's principle 29. Which one of these net ionic equations represents the reaction of a strong acid with a weak base? A. H + (aq) + OH (aq) H 2 O(aq) B. H + (aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) C. OH (aq) + HCN(aq) H 2 O(aq) + CN (aq) D. HCN(aq) + CH3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq)+ CN (aq) 30. Which one of these net ionic equations represents the reaction of a strong acid with a strong base? A. H + (aq) + OH (aq) H 2 O(aq) B. H + (aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) C. OH (aq) + HCN(aq) H 2 O(aq) + CN (aq) D. HCN(aq) + CH3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) + CN (aq) 31. Which one of these equations represents the reaction of a weak acid with a weak base? A. H + (aq) + OH (aq) H 2 O(aq) B. H + (aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) C. OH (aq) + HCN(aq) H 2 O(aq) + CN (aq) D. HCN(aq) + CH3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) + CN (aq) 32. Which one of these equations represents the reaction of a weak acid with a strong base? A. H + (aq) + OH (aq) H 2 O(aq) B. H + (aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) C. OH (aq) + HCN(aq) H 2 O(aq) + CN (aq) D. HCN(aq) + CH3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) + CN (aq) Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction H 2 CO 3 + F HCO 3 + HF. K a1 ( H 2 CO 3 ) = ; K a (HF) = A. to the right B. to the left C. in the middle Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction H 3 PO 4 (aq) + HSO 4 (aq) H 2 PO 4 (aq) + H 2 SO 4 (aq). K a1 (H 3 PO 4 ) = ; K a (H 2 SO 4 ) = very large A. to the right B. to the left C. in the middle Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction H 2 SO 3 (aq) + HCO 3 (aq) HSO 3 (aq) + H 2 CO 3 (aq). K a1 (H 2 SO 3 ) = ; K a1 (H 2 CO 3 ) = A. to the right B. to the left C. in the middle

5 36. Which of the following yields a basic solution when dissolved in water? A. NO 2 B. P 4 O 10 C. K 2 O D. NaCl E. SO Which of the following yields an acidic solution when dissolved in water? A. NO 2 B. LiOH C. K 2 O D. NaCl E. Ca(OH) Hard water deposits (calcium carbonate) have built up around your bathroom sink. Which one of these substances would be most effective in dissolving the deposits? A. ammonia B. bleach (sodium hypochlorite) C. lye (sodium hydroxide) D. vinegar (acetic acid) 39. In the reaction CaO(s) + SO 2 (g) CaSO 3 (s), A. O acts as a Lewis base, and SO 2 acts as a Lewis acid. B. Ca 2+ acts as a Lewis base, and SO 4 acts as a Lewis acid. C. SO 4 acts as a Lewis base, and SO 2 acts as a Lewis acid. D. SO 2 acts as a Lewis base, and O acts as a Lewis acid. E. SO 2 acts as a Lewis base, and Ca 2+ acts as a Lewis acid. 40. Which of these species will act as a Lewis acid? A. NH 3 B. NH + 4 C. H 2 O D. BF 3 E. F 41. Which of these species is a Lewis acid, but not a Brønsted acid? A. HCN B. CO 3 C. OH D. Cl E. Al Find the ph of a M aqueous solution of periodic acid (HIO 4 ), for which K a = A B C D E For H 3 PO 4, K a1 = , K a2 = , and K a3 = An aqueous solution of NaH 2 PO 4 therefore would be A. neutral. B. basic. C. acidic. 44. For H 3 PO 4, K a1 = , K a2 = , and K a3 = An aqueous solution of Na 3 PO 4 therefore would be A. neutral. B. basic. C. acidic. 45. An aqueous solution of KCl would be A. neutral. B. basic. C. acidic.

6 46. Which one of these salts will form a neutral solution on dissolving in water? A. NaCl B. KNO 2 C. NaCN D. NH 4 NO 3 E. FeCl Which one of these salts will form a basic solution on dissolving in water? A. NaCl B. KCN C. NaNO 3 D. NH 4 NO 3 E. FeCl In 0.10 M KCN, the chemical species with the highest concentration (except H 2 O) is A. Na +. B. CN. C. H 3 O + (or H + ). D. OH. E. K What is the ph of a 0.20 M solution of NH 4 Cl? [K b (NH 3 ) = ] A B C D E Consider the weak bases below and their K b values: Arrange the conjugate acids of these weak bases in order of increasing acid strength. A. C 5 H 5 NH + < C 6 H 7 OH < C 2 H 5 NH B. C 6 H 7 OH < C 5 H 5 NH + < C 2 H 5 NH C. C 5 H 5 NH + < C 2 H 5 NH + 3 < C 6 H 7 OH D. C 6 H 7 OH < C 2 H 5 NH + 3 < C 5 H 5 NH + E. C 2 H 5 NH + 3 < C 5 H 5 NH + < C 6 H 7 OH 51. Which response gives the products of hydrolysis of KF? A. KOH + HF B. OH + HF C. KOH + H + + F D. KH + F + OH E. No hydrolysis occurs. 52. Which one of these salts will form a basic solution upon dissolving in water? A. NaCl B. NaNO 2 C. NH 4 NO 3 D. KBr E. AlCl Which one of the following salts will form an acidic solution on dissolving in water? A. LiBr B. NaF C. KOH D. FeCl 3 E. NaCN 54. The equilibrium constant for the reaction C 6 H 5 COOH(aq) + CH 3 COO (aq) C 6 H 5 COO (aq) + CH 3 COOH(aq) is 3.6 at 25 C. If K a for CH 3 COOH is , what is the acid dissociation constant for C 6 H 5 COOH? A B C D E

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8 Chapter 15 Review Key 1. Which is not a characteristic property of acids? A. tastes sour B. turns litmus from blue to red C. reacts with metals to yield CO 2 gas D. neutralizes bases E. reacts with carbonates to yield CO 2 gas 2. Which is the formula for the hydronium ion? A. OH B. H 2 O C. H 3 O + D. H 3 O E. H 2 O + Difficulty: Easy Raymond 015 Acids... #1 3. In the reaction H 2 CO 3 + H 2 O HCO 3 + H 3 O +, the Brønsted acids are A. H 2 CO 3 and H 2 O. B. HCO 3 and H 2 CO 3. C. H 2 O and H 3 O +. D. H 3 O + and H 2 CO 3. E. H 2 O and HCO 3. Difficulty: Easy Raymond 015 Acids... #2 4. In the reaction HSO 4 (aq) + OH (aq) SO 4 (aq) + H 2 O(l), the conjugate acidbase pairs Difficulty: Easy Raymond 015 Acids... #3 are A. Row 1 B. Row 2 C. Row 3 D. Row 4 E. Row 5 5. Identify the conjugate base of HPO 4 in the reaction HCO 3 + HPO 4 H 2 CO 3 + PO 3 4 A. H 2 O B. HCO 3 C. H 2 CO 3 D. PO 3 4 E. none of these 6. Identify the conjugate base of HClO 3 in the reaction ClO 3 + HSO 4 HClO 3 + SO 4 A. ClO 3 B. HSO 4 C. OH D. H 3 O + E. SO 4 Raymond 015 Acids... #4 Raymond 015 Acids... #5 Raymond 015 Acids... #9

9 7. Identify the conjugate acid of SO 4 in the reaction CO 3 + HSO 4 HCO 3 + SO 4 A. CO 3 B. HSO 4 C. OH D. H 3 O + E. SO 4 8. Which one of these statements about strong acids is true? A. All strong acids have H atoms bonded to electronegative oxygen atoms. B. Strong acids are 100% ionized in water. C. The conjugate base of a strong acid is itself a strong base. D. Strong acids are very concentrated acids. E. Strong acids produce solutions with a higher ph than weak acids. 9. What is the concentration of H + in a 2.5 M HCl solution? A. 0 B. 1.3 M C. 2.5 M D. 5.0 M E. 10.M 10. The OH concentration in a M Ba(OH) 2 solution is A M. B M. C M. D M. E M. 11. What is the H + ion concentration in a M KOH solution? A M B M C M D M E M 12. What is the OH ion concentration in a M HNO 3 solution? A M B M C M D. zero E M Raymond 015 Acids... #10 Raymond 015 Acids... #13 Difficulty: Easy Raymond 015 Acids... #16 Raymond 015 Acids... #17 Raymond 015 Acids... #20 Raymond 015 Acids... # Determine the ph of a KOH solution made by mixing g KOH with enough water to make ml of solution. A B C D E Raymond 015 Acids... #28

10 14. Calculate the H + ion concentration in lemon juice having a ph of 2.4. A M B. 250 M C M D M E. 12 M 15. Calculate the ph of a 1.6 M KOH solution. A B C D E Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution of fruit juice having a ph of A M B M C M D M E M 17. The ph of a Ba(OH) 2 solution is What is the H + ion concentration of this solution? A M B M C M D M E. 10.M Raymond 015 Acids... #29 Raymond 015 Acids... #37 Raymond 015 Acids... #40 Raymond 015 Acids... # Diet cola drinks have a ph of about 3.0, while milk has a ph of about 7.0. How many times greater is the H 3 O + concentration in diet cola than in milk? A. 2.3 times higher in diet cola than in milk B. 400 times higher in diet cola than in milk C times higher in diet cola than in milk D. 1,000 times higher in diet cola than in milk E. 10,000 times higher in diet cola than in milk 19. The poh of a solution is 9.60 Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration in this solution. A M B M C M D M E M 20. Which solution will have the lowest ph? A M HCN B M HNO 3 C M NaCl D M H 2 CO 3 E M NaOH 21. Which one of these responses is true with regard to a 0.1 M solution of a weak acid HA? A. [H + ] > [A ] B. ph = 1.0 C. [H + ] < [A ] D. ph > 1.0 E. [OH ] > [H + ] Raymond 015 Acids... #47 Raymond 015 Acids... #52 Raymond 015 Acids... #54 Raymond 015 Acids... #55

11 22. Acid strength decreases in the series HI > HSO 4 > HF > HCN. Which of these anions is the weakest base? A. I B. SO 4 C. F D. CN Raymond 015 Acids... # Acid strength increases in the series: HCN < HF < HSO 4. Which of these species is the strongest base? A. H 2 SO 4 B. SO 4 C. F D. CN E. HSO 4 Raymond 015 Acids... # Acid strength decreases in the series: HNO 3 > HF > CH 3 COOH. Which of these species is the strongest base? A. NO 3 B. CH 3 COO C. F D. CH 3 COOH 25. Which of these acids is the strongest? A. H 2 SeO 3 B. H 2 TeO 3 C. H 2 SO Arrange the acids HOCl, HClO 3, and HClO 2 in order of increasing acid strength. A. HOCl < HClO 3 < HClO 2 B. HOCl < HClO 2 < HClO 3 C. HClO 2 < HOCl < HClO 3 D. HClO 3 < HOCl < HClO 2 E. HClO 3 < HClO 2 < HOCl 27. Arrange the acids HBr, H 2 Se, and H 3 As in order of increasing acid strength. A. HBr < H 2 Se < H 3 As B. HBr < H 3 As < H 2 Se C. H 2 Se < H 3 As < HBr D. H 3 As< H 2 Se < HBr E. H 3 As< HBr < H 2 Se Raymond 015 Acids... #60 Raymond 015 Acids... #61 Raymond 015 Acids... #62 Raymond 015 Acids... # When comparing acid strength of binary acids HX, as X varies within a particular group of the periodic table, which one of these factors dominates in affecting the acid strength? A. bond strength B. electron withdrawing effects C. percent ionic character of the HX bond D. solubility E. Le Châtelier's principle Raymond 015 Acids... # Which one of these net ionic equations represents the reaction of a strong acid with a weak base? A. H + (aq) + OH (aq) H 2 O(aq) B. H + (aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) C. OH (aq) + HCN(aq) H 2 O(aq) + CN (aq) D. HCN(aq) + CH3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq)+ CN (aq) Raymond 015 Acids... #67

12 30. Which one of these net ionic equations represents the reaction of a strong acid with a strong base? A. H + (aq) + OH (aq) H 2 O(aq) B. H + (aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) C. OH (aq) + HCN(aq) H 2 O(aq) + CN (aq) D. HCN(aq) + CH3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) + CN (aq) 31. Which one of these equations represents the reaction of a weak acid with a weak base? A. H + (aq) + OH (aq) H 2 O(aq) Raymond 015 Acids... #68 B. H + (aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) C. OH (aq) + HCN(aq) H 2 O(aq) + CN (aq) D. HCN(aq) + CH3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) + CN (aq) 32. Which one of these equations represents the reaction of a weak acid with a strong base? A. H + (aq) + OH (aq) H 2 O(aq) Raymond 015 Acids... #69 B. H + (aq) + CH 3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) C. OH (aq) + HCN(aq) H 2 O(aq) + CN (aq) D. HCN(aq) + CH3 NH 2 (aq) CH 3 NH 3 + (aq) + CN (aq) Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction H 2 CO 3 + F HCO 3 + HF. K a1 ( H 2 CO 3 ) = ; K a (HF) = A. to the right B. to the left C. in the middle Raymond 015 Acids... #70 Raymond 015 Acids... #71 Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction H 3 PO 4 (aq) + HSO 4 (aq) H 2 PO 4 (aq) + H 2 SO 4 (aq). K a1 (H 3 PO 4 ) = ; K a (H 2 SO 4 ) = very large A. to the right B. to the left C. in the middle Raymond 015 Acids... #72 Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction H 2 SO 3 (aq) + HCO 3 (aq) HSO 3 (aq) + H 2 CO 3 (aq). K a1 (H 2 SO 3 ) = ; K a1 (H 2 CO 3 ) = A. to the right B. to the left C. in the middle 36. Which of the following yields a basic solution when dissolved in water? A. NO 2 B. P 4 O 10 C. K 2 O D. NaCl E. SO 2 Raymond 015 Acids... #73 Raymond 015 Acids... #76

13 37. Which of the following yields an acidic solution when dissolved in water? A. NO 2 B. LiOH C. K 2 O D. NaCl E. Ca(OH) 2 Raymond 015 Acids... # Hard water deposits (calcium carbonate) have built up around your bathroom sink. Which one of these substances would be most effective in dissolving the deposits? A. ammonia B. bleach (sodium hypochlorite) C. lye (sodium hydroxide) D. vinegar (acetic acid) 39. In the reaction CaO(s) + SO 2 (g) CaSO 3 (s), A. O acts as a Lewis base, and SO 2 acts as a Lewis acid. B. Ca 2+ acts as a Lewis base, and SO 4 acts as a Lewis acid. C. SO 4 acts as a Lewis base, and SO 2 acts as a Lewis acid. D. SO 2 acts as a Lewis base, and O acts as a Lewis acid. E. SO 2 acts as a Lewis base, and Ca 2+ acts as a Lewis acid. Raymond 015 Acids... # Which of these species will act as a Lewis acid? A. NH 3 B. NH + 4 C. H 2 O D. BF 3 E. F 41. Which of these species is a Lewis acid, but not a Brønsted acid? A. HCN B. CO 3 C. OH D. Cl E. Al 3+ Raymond 015 Acids... #80 Raymond 015 Acids... #81 Raymond 015 Acids... # Find the ph of a M aqueous solution of periodic acid (HIO 4 ), for which K a = A B C D E Raymond 015 Acids... # For H 3 PO 4, K a1 = , K a2 = , and K a3 = An aqueous solution of NaH 2 PO 4 therefore would be A. neutral. B. basic. C. acidic. Raymond 015 Acids... # For H 3 PO 4, K a1 = , K a2 = , and K a3 = An aqueous solution of Na 3 PO 4 therefore would be A. neutral. B. basic. C. acidic. Raymond 015 Acids... #91

14 45. An aqueous solution of KCl would be A. neutral. B. basic. C. acidic. 46. Which one of these salts will form a neutral solution on dissolving in water? A. NaCl B. KNO 2 C. NaCN D. NH 4 NO 3 E. FeCl Which one of these salts will form a basic solution on dissolving in water? A. NaCl B. KCN C. NaNO 3 D. NH 4 NO 3 E. FeCl In 0.10 M KCN, the chemical species with the highest concentration (except H 2 O) is A. Na +. B. CN. C. H 3 O + (or H + ). D. OH. E. K What is the ph of a 0.20 M solution of NH 4 Cl? [K b (NH 3 ) = ] A B C D E Consider the weak bases below and their K b values: Raymond 015 Acids... #92 Raymond 015 Acids... #93 Raymond 015 Acids... #94 Raymond 015 Acids... #95 Raymond 015 Acids... #96 Arrange the conjugate acids of these weak bases in order of increasing acid strength. A. C 5 H 5 NH + < C 6 H 7 OH < C 2 H 5 NH B. C 6 H 7 OH < C 5 H 5 NH + < C 2 H 5 NH C. C 5 H 5 NH + < C 2 H 5 NH + 3 < C 6 H 7 OH D. C 6 H 7 OH < C 2 H 5 NH + 3 < C 5 H 5 NH + E. C 2 H 5 NH + 3 < C 5 H 5 NH + < C 6 H 7 OH 51. Which response gives the products of hydrolysis of KF? A. KOH + HF B. OH + HF C. KOH + H + + F D. KH + F + OH E. No hydrolysis occurs. Raymond 015 Acids... #98 Raymond 015 Acids... #100

15 52. Which one of these salts will form a basic solution upon dissolving in water? A. NaCl B. NaNO 2 C. NH 4 NO 3 D. KBr E. AlCl Which one of the following salts will form an acidic solution on dissolving in water? A. LiBr B. NaF C. KOH D. FeCl 3 E. NaCN Raymond 015 Acids... # Raymond 015 Acids... #104 The equilibrium constant for the reaction C 6 H 5 COOH(aq) + CH 3 COO (aq) C 6 H 5 COO (aq) + CH 3 COOH(aq) is 3.6 at 25 C. If K a for CH 3 COOH is , what is the acid dissociation constant for C 6 H 5 COOH? A B C D E Raymond 015 Acids... #110

16 Category # of Questions Difficulty: Easy 4 50 Raymond 015 Acids Chapter 15 Review Summary

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