Name: Regents Chemistry Review Packet B3
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1 Name: Regents Chemistry Review Packet B3 Base your answers to questions 1 through 4 on the information below and on your knowledge of In 1828, Friedrich Wöhler produced urea when he heated a solution of ammonium cyanate. This reaction is represented by the balanced equation below. 1. Identify the element in urea that makes it an organic compound. 2. Determine the gram-formula mass of the product. 3. Write an empirical formula for the product. 4. Explain why this balanced equation represents a conservation of atoms. Base your answers to questions 5 through 7 on the information below and on your knowledge of Rubbing alcohol sold in stores is aqueous 2-propanol,. Rubbing alcohol is available in concentrations of 70.% and 91% 2-propanol by volume. To make 100. ml of 70.% aqueous 2-propanol, 70. ml of 2-propanol is diluted with enough water to produce a total volume of 100. ml. In a laboratory investigation, a student is given a 132-mL sample of 91% aqueous 2-propanol to separate using the process of distillation. 5. State evidence that indicates the proportions of the components in rubbing alcohol can vary.
2 6. Identify the property of the components that makes it possible to use distillation to separate the 2-propanol from water. 7. Determine the maximum volume of 2-propanol in the 132-mL sample. Base your answers to questions 8 through 11 on the information below and on your knowledge of A sample of seawater is analyzed. The table below gives the concentration of some ions in the sample. 8. Write a chemical formula of one compound formed by the combination of ions with one of these ions as water completely evaporates from the seawater sample. 9. Determine the number of moles of the ion in a liter sample of the seawater. 10. Compare the radius of an ion in the seawater to the radius of an Mg atom.
3 11. Using the key, draw two water molecules in the box, showing the orientation of each water molecule toward the calcium ion. Base your answers to questions 12 through 14 on the information below and on your knowledge of A scientist bubbled through a sample of. This process is represented by the balanced equation below. The scientist measured the ph of the liquid in the flask before and after the gas was bubbled through the water. The initial ph value of the water was 7.0 and the final ph value of the solution was Explain, in terms of ions, why the gaseous reactant in the equation is classified as an Arrhenius acid. 13. What would be the color of bromcresol green if it had been added to the water in the flask before any of the was bubbled through the water? 14. Compare the hydronium ion concentration of the solution that has the ph value of 3.0 to the hydronium ion concentration of the water.
4 Base your answers to questions 15 through 17 on the information below and on your knowledge of A small digital clock can be powered by a battery made from two potatoes and some household materials. The "potato clock" battery consists of two cells connected in a way to produce enough electricity to allow the clock to operate. In each cell, zinc atoms react to form zinc ions. Hydrogen ions from phosphoric acid in the potatoes react to form hydrogen gas. The labeled diagram and balanced ionic equation below show the reaction, the materials, and connections necessary to make a "potato clock" battery. 15. State the direction of electron flow in wire A as the two cells operate. 16. Write a balanced half-reaction equation for the oxidation that occurs in the "potato clock" battery. 17. Explain why phosphoric acid is needed for the battery to operate.
5 Answer Key Regents Review Packet B3 1. carbon C g/mol There are the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. No atoms are lost or gained. 5. The aqueous solutions of 2-propanol do not contain the same proportions of alcohol and water. Rubbing alcohol is sold as 70.% and 91% solutions. 6. The water and the 2-propanol have different boiling points. strength of the intermolecular forces boiling point vapor pressure ml mol. 10. The radius of an ion is smaller than the radius of an Mg atom. The atom has a larger radius than the ion The is an Arrhenius acid because it yields ions. The gaseous reactant increases the concentration of. It produces hydrogen ions in water. 13. blue 14. The hydronium ion concentration of the acidic solution is 10 4 times greater than the hydronium ion concentration in the water. The H concentration is less in the water. 15. from the zinc-coated nail to the copper rod from Zn to Cu left to right The ions that are reduced come from the phosphoric acid. Phosphoric acid releases ions that are free to move. is an electrolyte. can act as a salt bridge.
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