: An organ - two or more tissues functioning

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Florence Byrd
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1 2 INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM - CHAPTER 5 : An organ - two or more tissues functioning sq. m, 9-11 lbs, 7% of body weight mm thick Two layers & A.Epidermis protective layer w/o B.Dermis tissue fibrous & passes nutrients to by A. /subcutaneous layer a lot of tissue that helps skin to 1. Technically of the skin 2. Gives the skin a so it can slide around 3. Heat, shock 4 Epidermis I. types of cells A. 90% - contain which is a waterproof that provides the protective qualities 1. Tightly interconnected with 2. develop deep, on l that has actively stem cells a. cell are pushed by newly produced cells 5 Fig. 5.2; pg

2 6 B. Produce ( ) pigment granules to from in sun 1. Two forms of melanin: a. b. 2. Granules migrate - to, sunny side of keratin cell C. Epidermal /Langerhans cells Immune system cells D. nerve receptors involved w/ sense of 7 Fig 5.2 pg 151; Structure Features of Epidermis 8 II. Epidermis layers A. Thick skin Deep to superficial (apical) 1. (stratum ): Single layer of cuboidal & columnar cells that contains and the stem cells that produce the that will be pushed upward 2. : 8-10 layers closely packed cells. Long from, carrying granules, pass through the keratinocytes 9 3. : 3-5 layers of flattened cells containing kinds of. a. Start the process of filling the cells with b. Waterproof the w/ c. Cause all the cells to die 2

3 4. : Clear layer a. t band of keratinized cells. b. Found only in skin 10 : Outermost layer a. of epidermis layers b. Protection: 1. & for waterproofing 2. keratin 3. biological, chemical, physical c. Cornified: corn (l) horn (cow horn) 1. Dead cells slough off:. Per life time 2. Figure 5.2 pg III. DERMIS A. Strong connective tissue 1.,, blood cells 2. (ground substance & fibers): binds entire body 3. Plentiful supply: fibers, vessels, - glands & follicles B. Two Layers 1. - : a. CT looseness enables to region 13 b. : Little that project up 1. Contain, (pain, soft touch) 3

4 2. Some sit on deeper that project up the - Produce for 14 Fig. 5.3 pg : to region a. of dermis b. coarse connective tissue, w/ fibers ( ) c. leather/ hide C. Subcutaneous Layer 1. Not part of dermis/skin just deep to it 2. Connects dermis to underlying tissues (muscle) 3. Areolar & adipose tissue 16 Figure 5.1; pg. 149 Skin Structure 17 of the Skin: glands, glands ( glands), Sweat Glands: ( ) almost all over - Controlled by system to allow body I. Two types A. : Sweat is deposited to skin surface by a 1. high conc., of feet, 2. water- salts, wastes, 4

5 18 B. :, (arm pit) & regions 1. Secretion like eccrine plus supports growth - 2. Secretes in C. Modified glands 1. glands: produce or earwax - 2. glands: milk- young 19 Glands ( ) I. Secrete into follicle II. hair & skin - III. Glands: Secretion & 20 Hair: A. B. All of our body palms, soles, lips & genitalia Structure: A. made up of 1. & doesn t flake off B. Shaft projects from skin & is complete C. Root is deep in follicle, keritization is 21 D. 1. concentric layers a. layer w/ large cells, air space & has b. - layers of flattened cells & contains. 1. : yellow, rust, brown & black or (red) made in in of hair 5

6 22 c. layer of single, heavily. keratinized, cells 1. Heavy keeps hair & compacted 2. Keeps hairs not matted 3. Wears at end 2. Cross Section a. Flat kinky/ curls b. Oval c. Round - 23 Figure 5.6 Hair & Follicle Structure 24 Hair : (folli (l) = ) 1. Extends into epidermis & dermis, into scalp 2. The follicle base ( ) contains a, with - to hair cell production 3. Papillae covered with the actively hair cells 4. Hair follicle walls consist of (dermal) & - (epidermal) sheaths 25 Fig. 5.6 c pg Hair follicle If hair is (moved) the follicle is also - the follicle which acts as a stimulus that is -. connects to hair follicle If the muscle it the hair. 6

7 Creates more for better /heat retention Hair on back of neck, 27 Figure: 5.1; page: : Hard,, scale like epidermis modification for Correspond to I. Structure A. : Visible part of nail pinkish, underlying - Figure 5.7 Pg : distal aspect 2. : buried under proximal nail fold of skin 3. : epidermal cells for nail - nail slides forward : ( tissue) is so vascular tissue does t show through 5. : epidermis under the nail body 6. (eponychium): part of proximal nail fold lying on proximal nail body 30 Figure 5.7 pg. 160: Structure of Nail 7

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CHAPTER 6: INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM. 1. Explain why the skin is called the cutaneous membrane.

CHAPTER 6: INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM. 1. Explain why the skin is called the cutaneous membrane. OBJECTIVES: 1. Explain why the skin is called the cutaneous membrane. 2. Name the layers of the skin, describe the structure (tissues) of each, and name a general function of each. 3. Discuss the four