PART A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
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2 PART A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS QUESTION 1. An ecosystem is: (a) An artificial environment (b) A biological community (c) Cell division (d) The elements of life QUESTION 2. Which description best explains the environmental factors of temperature, availability of gases and amount of light? (a) They are biotic factors that can influence the distribution and abundance of a species. (b) They are abiotic factors that can influence the distribution and abundance of a species. (c) They are biotic and abiotic factors in the environment. (d) They are physical factors that affect the distribution of plants but not animals. QUESTION 3. Which of the following is not an abiotic factor? (a) Temperature (b) Light intensity (c) Food availability (d) Availability of ions QUESTION 4. The source of energy for almost all life on Earth is: (a) Fungi (b) Animals (c) Water (d) Sunlight Copyright MATRIX EDUCATION 2014 Page 2 of 13 Our Students Come First!
3 QUESTION 5. Which list of terms is in the correct order from simplest to most complex? (a) Organism, community, population, ecosystem, biome (b) Organism, population, community, biome, ecosystem (c) Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome (d) Organism, ecosystem, population, biome, community QUESTION 6. A species is (a) A specific part of the abiotic environment (b) A way of describing all parts of an ecosystem (c) A group of organisms that can successfully mate with each other and reproduce (d) Part of the natural decomposing QUESTION 7. Biotic factors in an ecosystem may include: (a) Bacteria, soil and water (b) Plants, animals and bacteria (c) Temperature, water and soil (d) Animals, fungi and temperature QUESTION 8. Aphids are protected against predators by ants that cultivate the aphids for their secretions of honeydew (a food source for the ants). This behaviour could be described as: (a) Mutualism (b) Commensalism (c) Allelopathy (d) Parasitism Copyright MATRIX EDUCATION 2014 Page 3 of 13 Our Students Come First!
4 QUESTION 9. In the following table of ecological interactions, + indicates a benefit for an organism, - indicates a detrimental effect, and 0 indicates no effect. Ecological Relationship Species A Species B I + + II + - III + 0 IV - 0 V - - Which interaction would you expect to represent mutualism? (a) I (b) II (c) III (d) IV QUESTION 10. In a parasitic relationship, the parasite: (a) Harms and may kill the host (b) Harms but never kills the host (c) Benefits the host (d) Has no effect on the host QUESTION 11. Commensalism is a relationship between two different species where one member benefits and the other is unaffected. Which of the following is an example of commensalism? (a) Nitrogen fixing bacteria living in the root nodules of a legume plant (b) A caterpillar feeding on a leaf (c) A tapeworm living in the intestine of a pig (d) An epiphyte, such as an orchid, growing on the branch of a tree Copyright MATRIX EDUCATION 2014 Page 4 of 13 Our Students Come First!
5 PART B: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS QUESTION 12. Define the terms biotic and abiotic, giving an example of each. 2 QUESTION 13. (a) Identify the EIGHT taxonomic levels used for classifying living organisms. 2 (b) What is a species? 1 (c) How do we name specific organisms scientifically? Give an example. 2 Copyright MATRIX EDUCATION 2014 Page 5 of 13 Our Students Come First!
6 QUESTION 14. Ecological systems can be defined in different ways to allow ecologists to study nature from several perspectives. The biotic hierarchy described the five major ecological systems from the most fundamental unit to the unit that encompasses the entire earth. (a) Identify these SIX ecological systems. 2 (b) Describe THREE of the ecological systems you identified above. 3 Copyright MATRIX EDUCATION 2014 Page 6 of 13 Our Students Come First!
7 QUESTION 15. (a) Define the term symbiosis. 1 (b) Identify THREE different types of relationships that can occur in ecosystems. 3 (c) Using one of your answers from part (b), provide a definition for that particular relationship, supporting your definition with a specific example. 2 Copyright MATRIX EDUCATION 2014 Page 7 of 13 Our Students Come First!
8 QUESTION 16. Compare the following types of relationships, using examples: (a) Predation and parasitism. 3 (b) Commensalism and mutualism. 3 Copyright MATRIX EDUCATION 2014 Page 8 of 13 Our Students Come First!
9 QUESTION 17. (a) Define the term pathogen. 1 (b) Identify THREE different types of disease causing agents and provide a brief description of each. 3 Copyright MATRIX EDUCATION 2014 Page 9 of 13 Our Students Come First!
10 QUESTION 18. (a) Define the term abiotic factor. 1 (b) Why are abiotic factors studied? 1 (c) Identify ONE abiotic factor and describe how it affect the distribution of organism 2 Copyright MATRIX EDUCATION 2014 Page 10 of 13 Our Students Come First!
11 QUESTION 19. Light is a primary source of energy for all living organisms. (a) How does light impact on the survival terrestrial (living on land) organisms such as plants? 2 (b) How does the availability of light affect the distribution of aquatic (living in water) organisms? 2 Copyright MATRIX EDUCATION 2014 Page 11 of 13 Our Students Come First!
12 QUESTION 20. How does the availability of water affect the distribution of living organisms? Give TWO examples. 3 Copyright MATRIX EDUCATION 2014 Page 12 of 13 Our Students Come First!
13 Copyright MATRIX EDUCATION 2014 Page 13 of 13 Our Students Come First!
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