Student Name: Hour: Date: Chemical and Physical Properties, Standard 1 Objective 1 Study Guide Eighth Grade Integrated Science, Mr.

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1 Student Name: Hour: Date: Chemical and Physical Properties, Standard 1 Objective 1 Study Guide Eighth Grade Integrated Science, Mr. Lowe This test will assess your academic understanding of the material that is in the eighth grade curriculum. This will enable me to adjust my curriculum to meet your needs in my classes. Please do your very best Multiple Choice: Read the question and all possible answers. Write the letter of the choice you select on the line in front of the question number. 1. Glass breaking is an example of a: a. Chemical property b. Physical Property c. Chemical Change d. Physical Change 2. Metal oxidizing (tarnishing, rusting) is an example of a: a. Chemical property b. Physical Property c. Chemical Change d. Physical Change 3. When describing an object, which of the following is a chemical property? a. size b. shape c. texture d. flammability 4. When a glowing splint is placed in a test tube of hydrogen, what will happen? a. it will burst into a flame b. It will make a popping sound c. It will stop glowing 5. When a glowing splint is placed in a test tube of carbon dioxide, what will happen? a. it will burst into a flame b. It will make a popping sound c. It will stop glowing 6. When a glowing splint is placed in a test tube of oxygen, what will happen? a. it will burst into a flame b. It will make a popping sound c. It will stop glowing 7. When vinegar and baking soda are mixed together, what gas is given off by the reaction? a. oxygen b. hydrogen c. chlorine d. carbon dioxide e. carbon monoxide 8. When scientist use the scientific method to discover new things their primary purpose is to: a. discover something that will make them rich. b. discover the variables that control an occurrence in nature. c. determine the cost of using the new information to make something useful. d. find something that is important to their government. 9. Plants use chemical changes in their life cycle. Which of the following is not one of the chemical changes used by plants? a. respiration b. photosynthesis c. water absorption d. sugar production 10. Landfills have a big problem with synthetic products because they : a. decompose to quickly b. decompose very slowly c. explode after they are buried 11. When water boils, the bubbles coming to the surface are made of: a. carbon dioxide b. oxygen c. hydrogen d. water vapor 12. Water boils at 100 o C at sea level. It takes longer to hard boil an egg at higher altitudes. Why is this so? a. Water boils at lower temperatures at high altitudes. b. Water boils at higher temperatures at high altitudes. c. The density of the egg is greater at high altitudes. d. Celsius degrees are not the same size units at high altitudes.

2 Use this graph to answer questions Phase Change for Water at Sea Level Temperature in degrees Celsius Water Temp Time in Minutes Water Temp. 13. What is happening from minute 2 minute 4? a. The temperature stays the same during phase change from ice to water. b. The temperature is rising between phase changes. c. The temperature stays the same during phase change from water to water vapor. d. The thermometer is probably broken. 14. All of the ice is turned to water by the end of minute: a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 e During phase change as temperature stays constant the heat energy in the water: a. increases b. decreases c. stays the same 16. From the end of minute 4 to the beginning of minute 18 all of the water was in phase. a. solid b. liquid c. Gas d. plasma 17. Which of the following will not cause a change in the temperature at which water boils? a. increase or decrease of latitude c. increase or decrease of atmospheric pressure b. increase or decrease of altitude

3 Use the following chart to answer questions Flask Dissolution Rate of 1 Cubic Centimeter of Sugar in 150 ml of water Procedure Complete Dissolution Time, (Seconds) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average 1 Sugar in water undisturbed Sugar ground and placed in undisturbed water Sugar ground, placed in water and swirled Sugar ground, placed in water, swirled, and heated What was the most effective set of steps for dissolving sugar? a. flask 1 b. flask 2 c. flask 3 d. flask What action had the greatest effect on dissolution rate of sugar? a. sugar cube in water b. grinding the sugar c. swirling the sugar d. heating the sugar 20. Which action had the least effect on dissolution rate of sugar? a. flask 1 b. flask 2 c. flask 3 d. flask What effects the validity of the data in this experiment most? a. organization of the chart b. multiple trials for each flask c. presentation on a chart A student designed an experiment to test the chemical and physical properties of four known, solid substances (A, B, C, and D) and one unknown solid substance. She suspected the unknown substance was one of the four known substances. The properties she considered testing are listed below. boiling point melting point freezing point density mass volume shape reaction to acid reaction to base reaction to water reaction to heat color odor 22.The student discovered that the unknown was identical to substance C in every property except mass and volume. Could the unknown possibly be identified as C? a. yes, if any of properties are the same, then the substances are the same b. yes, mass and volume vary even in the same substance c. no, mass and volume are important measurements d. no, all properties must match 23. Study the list of processes that can bring about chemical and physical changes below. 1. Cooking oil was splashed on a hot stove burner. 2. Electricity was run through water to separate the hydrogen from the oxygen. 3. A shovel was left stuck in the mud over the winter. 4. Baking soda and hot water were used to clean the corrosion off a car battery. 5. A magnifying glass focused the sun s rays to there brightest point on paper.

4 6. A bicycle chain was left out in the rain without any oil. a. 5, 6 b. 2, 5 c. 1, 4 d. 3, What is 25 degrees Celsius in degrees Kelvin? a. 298 b. 248 c. 398 d. 348 e What is 200 degrees Kelvin in degrees Celsius? a. 300 b c. 73 d. -73 e Both hydrogen and oxygen are flammable. Water is made of 2 parts hydrogen and 1 part oxygen, why doesn t water burn? a. Water will burn if you get it hot enough. b. Because water is a liquid and hydrogen and oxygen are gases. c. When elements combine physically they form new substances with different properties. d. When elements combine chemically they form new substances with different properties. 27. What is the measurement of the liquid above? a. 10 milliliters b. 12 grams c milliliters d grams 28. Which of the following is not a chemical property of matter? a. flammability b. corrosive c. melting point d. acid/base reactivity 29. Which of the following is true of chemical properties? a. They describe the phase the substance is in. b. They describe characteristics of a substance such as size, color, and shape. c. They explain how the substance reacts with other substances. d. They describe what chemical changes the substance is currently going through. While investigating the chemical and physical properties of a new substance created in class, Sally and Tyler record the following observations: (Use to answer question 30.) The new substance is solid. The new substance forms into thin flat sheets. The new substance is smooth. The new substance will burn. The new substance looks like it will tear easily. The new substance looks like it will dissolve in acid easily. 30. Which of their statements would be an inference about a chemical property?

5 a. The new substance forms into thin flat sheets. b. The new substance is smooth. c. The new substance looks like it will tear easily. d. The new substance looks like it will dissolve in acid easily. 31. A scientist places 10 ml of water in a test tube and heats the liquid over a Bunsen burner for 2 minutes. The liquid boils and escapes as steam. This experiment is a good example of a. chemical change involving phase changes c. chemical change involving chemical reactions b. physical change involving phase changes d. physical change involving chemical reactions 32. What is one way that a plastic soda bottle is better than a glass one? a. It is transparent c. It is recyclable b. It doesn t flavor the drink d. It doesn t shatter Answer questions with the following choices. One answer will be used more than once. a. 0 b. 373 c. 100 d. 212 e. 273 f g. 32 h Absolute Cold Kelvin 36. Freezing Kelvin 39. Boiling Kelvin 34. Absolute Cold Celsius 37. Freezing Celsius 40. Boiling Celsius 35. Absolute Cold Fahrenheit 38. Freezing Fahrenheit 41. Boiling Fahrenheit A cube of sugar has the following properties. Mark each property as a (C)chemical or (P)physical property. (42 46) 42. Mass = 2 grams 43. Density = 8 g/cm Burns when heated 45. Composed of small, white crystals 46. Bubbles and fizzes when heated Terry and Jean experimented with several items to see what would happen under different conditions. Below is the data table they wrote at the conclusion of the experiment. Put in water over night Held in candle flame for 30 seconds Connected to the terminals of a 12 volt battery Steel wool Rusted Burned Burned Paper Got soppy Burned No change Copper wire Got wet Got hot, bent in the middle Got hot, melted in half Wood splinter Swelled up with water Burned No change 47. Which substance changed chemically under all three conditions? a. steel wool b. paper c. copper wire d. wood splinter

6 48. Which substance changed physically under all three conditions? a. steel wool b. paper c. copper wire d. wood splinter 49. What would be a good conclusion for this experiment? a. Steel wool is the most reactive. b. Paper is the most reactive. c. Copper wire is the most reactive. d. Wood splinter is the most reactive. Study the list of potential chemical and physical changes below. Then answer the questions (50 52). A. Jim uses baking soda and vinegar to make bubbles to erupt a model volcano. B. Fred left a sack of steel nails out on the porch where they got wet and rusted. C. Jack scraped flint across steel to light his cigarette lighter. D. The door panel of Jan s old truck has the paint scraped off and is rusted. E. Jane strikes a sulfur match rapidly across a hard surface to light it. F. Jill uses baking powder in her biscuits to cause bubbles to form in the cooking dough. 50. What are the changes described above? a. Physical changes of size, shape, and color b. Physical changes of phase, volume, and density c. Chemical changes of respiration, ph, and Photosynthesis d. Chemical changes of rusting, burning and gas production 51. What would indicate that burning might take place in some of these chemical reactions? a. wet metal in air b. bubbles in air c. heat generated d. energy is absorbed 52. What conditions would indicate rusting might take place in some of these chemical reactions? a. wet metal in air b. bubbles in air c. heat generated d. energy is absorbed The following data was collected by a group of students as they tested four different types of plastics. (Use the information to answer questions ) Plastic Acetone Flame test Heat Crease color 1 No effect Green color Softens None 2 Softened No change No change White 3 No effect Red color Softens None 4 No effect Green color Softens None 53. Which of the plastics might be the same? a. 1 & 2 b. 2 & 3 c. 3 & 4 d. 1 & Which plastic would be best to put in a microwave? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d Which plastic could be used with a flame? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

7 56. Which plastic would be unsafe to use to store products that contain acetone? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 Study the list of processes that can bring about chemical and physical changes. (Use the following information to answer questions ) A. Cooking oil was splashed on a hot stove burner. B. Electricity was run through water to separate the hydrogen from the oxygen (Electrolysis). C. A shovel was left stuck in the mud over the winter. D. Baking soda and hot water were used to clean the corrosion off a car battery s terminals. E. A magnifying glass focused the sun s rays to their brightest point on a piece of paper. F. A bicycle chain was left out in the rain without any oil. 57. Which items on the list would most likely deal with rusting? a. F, E b. B, E c. A, D d. C, F 58. Which items on this list would most likely give off gas? a. B, D b. A, E c. B, F d. C, F 59. Which items on the list would most likely burn? a. A, E b. F, C c. B, D d. A, F Examine the following table to answer questions Substance Sugar Salt Baking Soda Flour Sodium Physical Description Small, white, hard crystals Small, white, hard crystals Fine, white, smooth powder Fine, white, smooth powder Soft silver white Family 1 metal Reaction to Acid (weak HCl solution) Reaction to Water Reaction to Heat None None Caramelizes (turns brown and bubbly) None None None Bubbles and fizzes None None None None Turns brown, if blown into a flame it will burn. None Moves around in the water None giving off Hydrogen gas. 60. Which substance would be considered the most reactive with acid? a. sugar b. salt c. baking soda d. flour e. Sodium 61. Which of these tests measured chemical properties? a. physical description and reaction to heat c. reaction to water and physical description. b. physical description and reaction to acid d. reaction to acid, water, heat 62. Which substance would be most reactive with water? a. sugar b. salt c. baking soda d. flour e. Sodium 63. Which of the above substances is least chemically reactive?

8 a. sugar b. salt c. baking soda d. flour e. Sodium