1 Why Do We Need Air?

Transcription

1 Why Do We Need Air? Read the statements below and write T for the statements that are true and F for the statements that are false. Statements True/False Air is mainly made up of nitrogen and oxygen. The air we breathe out contains more carbon dioxide than the air we breathe in. Water vapour makes up % of the air around us. Oxygen is needed for respiration to take place. Exhaled air is warmer than inhaled air. 6 Limewater can be used to test for the presence of oxygen. 0 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Science SMART Teacher s Guide Grade 6 7

2 What Makes Up Our Respiratory System and What Is Its Function? Draw the organs that make up the respiratory system in the diagram below and label them. You should include the nose, windpipe and lungs. Diaphragm The steps of what happens when we inhale are shown below. Number the steps in the correct order. Step What happens Our chest cavity becomes bigger, creating an area of low air pressure.. Air in our lungs enters the bloodstream.. Our ribcage moves upwards and outwards.. Our diaphragm contracts and flattens.. Our lungs expand, allowing air to rush in through our nose, down the windpipe and into them. 76 Additional Teacher s Resources 0 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd

3 What Makes Up the Circulatory System and What Is Its Function? Read the statements below and tick (ü) the statements that are true. Statements True The heart is a muscular organ. Capillaries are big blood vessels. Blood rich in oxygen travels from the lungs back to the heart first before it is pumped to the rest of the body. All arteries carry only oxygen-rich blood. Blood rich in oxygen is dark red in colour. 6 Blood makes up 8 % of our body weight. 7 The right side of the heart receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body. 0 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Science SMART Teacher s Guide Grade 6 77

4 How is oxygen transported throughout our body when we breathe in? Fill in the blanks to describe the steps below. The first step has been done for you. Step What happens Oxygen that we breathe in reaches the air sacs in our lungs. It then enters the bloodstream which transports it to the heart. The heart pumps the blood rich in body. to all parts of our Oxygen is combined with digested food for cells to release. Waste such as produced during respiration enters another series of blood vessels. The blood which contains carbon dioxide produced during respiration returns to the. The heart pumps the blood to the is removed. A fresh supply of where carbon dioxide is taken in. 78 Additional Teacher s Resources 0 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd

5 What If Our Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Break Down? Answer the following questions. a. If a person has difficulty breathing because of a reaction to a trigger, what ailment might this person have? b. Name two common triggers for the ailment mentioned in a. c. What could happen if the person suffering from an attack of the ailment mentioned in a is not treated? d. What are the treatments for the ailment mentioned in a? Complete the mind map below. is caused by ca can be prevented by 0 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd nb et re at ed wi Fat, cholesterol and other substances forming plaque on the arteries, narrowing them and making it harder for blood to flow through. th is caused by Science SMART Teacher s Guide Grade 6 79

6 Fun and Games How Airtistic Are You? Air is important to living things. Other than keeping living things alive, there are many ways air can be useful. Let s find out how we can use air to do art! Materials Some paint and water A straw A piece of paper Procedure Step : Dip the straw into the container of paint mixed with water and lift some paint as shown below. Step : Drop the paint onto a piece of paper. Paper Paint mixed with water Straw Step : Gently blow at the paint from different directions. Admire your work of art! Completed art piece 80 Additional Teacher s Resources 0 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd

7 Exam Practice Process skills: Observing, Comparing, Analysing The picture below shows some blood vessels. X Y Z a. Which of the blood vessels, X, Y or Z, transports blood rich in carbon dioxide? [ mark] b. Which of the blood vessels, X, Y or Z, carries blood from the heart to the lungs to pick up oxygen? [ mark] c. Which of the blood vessels, X, Y or Z, has the thinnest walls? [ mark] d. State one function of the thin walls in the blood vessels you mentioned in c. [ mark] Hint: How are thin walls in blood vessels useful? 0 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Science SMART Teacher s Guide Grade 6 8

8 Additional Teacher s Resources T The air we breathe out contains more carbon dioxide than the air we breathe in. Water vapour makes up % of the air around us. Oxygen is needed for respiration to take place. Exhaled air is warmer than inhaled air. Limewater can be used to test for the presence of oxygen. 6 F T T F T Air is mainly made up of nitrogen and oxygen. True/False Statements Read the statements below and write T for the statements that are true and F for the statements that are false. Why Do We Need Air? What happens Our chest cavity becomes bigger, creating an area of low air pressure. Air in our lungs enters the bloodstream. Our ribcage moves upwards and outwards. Our diaphragm contracts and flattens. Our lungs expand, allowing air to rush in through our nose, down the windpipe and into them. Step.... The steps of what happens when we inhale are shown below. Number the steps in the correct order. Diaphragm Lungs Windpipe Nose (Pupils should draw the respiratory system similar to the example. The nose, windpipe, and lungs must be included.) Draw the organs that make up the respiratory system in the diagram below and label them. You should include the nose, windpipe and lungs. What Makes Up Our Respiratory System and What Is Its Function? Chapter 8 0 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd

9 0 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Science SMART Teacher s Guide Grade 6 8 to all parts of our Blood makes up 8 % of our body weight. 6 ü ü The right side of the heart receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body. Blood rich in oxygen is dark red in colour. 7 All arteries carry only oxygen-rich blood. Body Systems: Circulatory and Respiratory lungs where carbon dioxide The heart pumps the blood to the oxygen is taken in. is removed. A fresh supply of The blood which contains carbon dioxide produced during respiration heart. returns to the Blood rich in oxygen travels from the lungs back to the heart first before it is pumped to the rest of the body. ü respiration enters another series of blood vessels. Capillaries are big blood vessels. Oxygen is combined with digested food for cells to release energy. Waste such as carbon dioxide produced during oxygen The heart pumps the blood rich in body. Oxygen that we breathe in reaches the air sacs in our lungs. It then enters the bloodstream which transports it to the heart. What happens The heart is a muscular organ. ü True Step How is oxygen transported throughout our body when we breathe in? Fill in the blanks to describe the steps below. The first step has been done for you. Statements Read the statements below and tick (ü) the statements that are true. What Makes Up the Circulatory System and What Is Its Function?

10 Additional Teacher s Resources Adopting a healthier lifestyle by eating wellbalanced meals and exercising regularly can be prevented by Arteriosclerosis ca nb et re at ed wi is caused by th Complete the mind map below. Doctorprescribed drugs and cholesterol medication Unhealthy lifestyle of a diet high in fat and cholesterol is caused by Fat, cholesterol and other substances forming plaque on the arteries, narrowing them and making it harder for blood to flow through. Anti-inflammatory medications/drugs inhaled or taken orally. d. What are the treatments for the ailment mentioned in a? (Accept all possible answers.) The person could lose consciousness. / The person could die. c. What could happen if the person suffering from an attack of the ailment mentioned in a is not treated? (Choose any two. Accept all possible answers.) Tobacco smoke, house dustmites in bedding/carpets, pollen grains of flowers b. Name two common triggers for the ailment mentioned in a. Asthma a. If a person has difficulty breathing because of a reaction to a trigger, what ailment might this person have? Answer the following questions. What If Our Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Break Down? Z [ mark] Y and waste. (Choose one answer.) easily into the cells. / To exchange carbon dioxide To allow digested food, oxygen and water to pass d. State one function of the thin walls in the blood vessels you mentioned in c. [ mark] Z [ mark] How are thin walls in blood vessels useful? Hint: c. Which of the blood vessels, X, Y or Z, has the thinnest walls? X b. Which of the blood vessels, X, Y or Z, carries blood from the heart to the lungs to pick up oxygen? [ mark] Y a. Which of the blood vessels, X, Y or Z, transports blood rich in carbon dioxide? X The picture below shows some blood vessels. Process skills: Observing, Comparing, Analysing Exam Practice Chapter 8 0 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd

11 Glossary Chapter : Artery A type of blood vessel with thick walls that transports blood away from the heart Body Systems: Circulatory and Respiratory Blood vessel Capillary Circulatory system Diaphragm Exhale Haemoglobin Heart Inhale Lung Plaque Respiratory system Vein Windpipe A hollow tube that transports blood throughout the body A type of small blood vessel with thin walls that allow the exchange of materials between blood and cells A system made up of the heart, blood vessels and blood which works together with the respiratory system to ensure that all the cells in the body receive sufficient oxygen for respiration to occur A layer of muscle just below the ribcage which contracts when we breathe in and expands when we breathe out To breathe out A substance in blood which transport oxygen to cells all over the body and gives blood its red colour A muscular organ which pumps blood all over the body To breathe in An organ which allows oxygen from the air to enter the body and into the blood, and carbon dioxide in the blood to leave the body into the air Hard structures formed by the deposition of fat, cholesterol and other substances in the walls of arteries The system made up of the nose, windpipe and lungs that allows the exchange of gases between our body and the air A type of large blood vessel with thin walls that collects blood from the body and transports it back to the heart A tube which connects our nose and mouth to our lungs and allows air to pass through it 0 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Science SMART Teacher s Guide Grade 6 8