Do Not Write On Here UNIT 3: CELLS Do Not Write On Here SOCRATIVE

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1 Do Not Write On Here UNIT 3: CELLS Do Not Write On Here SOCRATIVE 1. The diagram below represents levels of organization in living things. Which term would best represent X? A) human B) tissue C) stomach D) chloroplast 2. Which statement illustrates an exception to the concept that the cell is the unit of structure and function of all living things? A) Viruses contain genetic information but lack other cellular components. B) The cell is a complex "chemical factory." C) Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes. D) Most bacteria are classified as heterotrophic organisms. 3. The invention of the compound light microscope enabled scientists to observe cells, helping them to A) determine the number of atoms in a molecule B) discover a basic similarity among organisms C) study the behavior of chordates D) develop techniques for growing plants in a laboratory 4. It was once thought that decaying meat turned into maggots (fly larvae). Careful experimentation by scientists demonstrated that maggots actually come from fly eggs and not meat. These experiments illustrate that new individuals result only from A) genetic engineering B) reproduction and development C) nutrition and replication D) metabolic homeostasis 5. Which instrument was used in the 18th and 19th centuries and helped scientists develop the cell theory? A) electron microscope B) light microscope C) microdissecting apparatus D) ultracentrifuge 6. Cell organelles may be separated according to their densities by the use of A) a compound light microscope B) an ultracentrifuge C) an electron microscope D) a microdissection instrument 7. Which is the correct sequence of historical developments leading to our present knowledge of cells? A) electron microscope cell theory compound light microscope B) compound light microscope cell theory electron microscope C) cell theory electron microscope compound light microscope D) electron microscope compound light microscope cell theory 8. Centrioles are cell structures involved primarily in A) cell division B) storage of fats C) enzyme production D) cellular respiration 9. Membrane proteins function in all of the following ways EXCEPT A) transportation of oxygen B) signal transduction C) cell-cell recognition D) enzymatic activity E) transportation of ions 10. Selective permeability of the cell membrane results from A) receptor proteins B) channel proteins C) phospholipids D) both a and b E) a, b and c

2 11.The diagram below represents two cells, X and Y. Which statement is correct concerning the structure labeled A? A) It aids in the removal of metabolic wastes in both cell X and cell Y. B) It is involved in cell communication in cell X, but not in cell Y. C) It prevents the absorption of CO2 in cell X and 0 2 in cell Y. D) It represents the cell wall in cell X and the cell membrane in cell Y. 12. Glycoproteins in the cell membrane generally act as A) antibodies against cytotoxic T cells B) cell identification in the glycocalyx C) activators for endocytosis D) all of the above E) none of the above 13. Fluidity of the cell membrane is caused by A) mosaic molecules B) phospholipids C) receptor proteins D) saponification E) water 14. Which of the following is NOT a component in an animal cell membrane? A) Nucleotides B) Carbohydrates C) Proteins D) Microtubules E) Cholesterol 15. Active transport requires which of the following? A) Sodium B) Water C) ATP D) ADP E) Pi 16. Singer and Nicolson's fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane stated that A) proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer, and do not form a solid coat on the membrane surface B) hydrophobic regions of proteins are on the outside of the membrane and exposed to water C) membranes are composed of only lipids and phosphates D) hydrophilic regions of proteins are in the nonaqueous environment inside the bilayer E) the hydrophilic tails of phospholipids are oriented such that they are adjacent to one another. 17. The fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane states that A) the hydrophobic zone consists of the hydrophobic, nonpolar tails of phospholipids located in between hydrophilic, polar heads of phospholipids B) the hydrophobic zone consists of the hydrophilic, nonpolar tails of phospholipids located in between hydrophobic, polar heads of phospholipids C) the hydrophilic zone consists of the hydrophobic, nonpolar tails of phospholipids located in between hydrophilic, polar heads of phospholipids D) the hydrophilic zone consists of the hydrophobic, nonpolar tails of phospholipids located in between hydrophobic, polar heads of phospholipids E) a layer of globular protein is located in between two phospholipid outer membranes 18. If a Paramecium living in pond water were to lose function of its contractile vacuole, what would be the result? A) It would not be able to consume the proper amount of nutrients. B) It would activate its sodium-potassium pumps. C) It would rapidly undergo mitosis. D) It would fill with water and lyse. E) It would shrink.

3 Base your answers to questions 19 and 20 on the diagram of the cell membrane below. 19. These protein molecules are involved in cell transport. A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E 20. Which of the following refers to the hydrophobic portion of the lipid molecule? A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E 21. Active transport differs from facilitated diffusion because A) active transport can only move certain solutes B) facilitated diffusion requires the cell to expend its own metabolic energy C) facilitated diffusion maintains steep concentration gradients D) active transport moves solutes down a gradient E) facilitated diffusion moves solutes from higher to lower 22. The movement of solutes against a gradient that requires an expenditure of energy is called A) Active transport B) Vesicular transport C) Countercurrent exchange D) Simple diffusion E) Bulk flow 23. Diffusion of material involves which of the following? A) The movement of a substance up its concentration gradient. B) The movement of water with the current. C) The movement of a substance from a low concentration to a high concentration. D) The movement of a substance from a high concentration to a low concentration. E) The movement of material. 24. If a human cheek cell is placed in pure water, the movement of water into the cells is known as A) osmosis B) passive transport C) active transport D) diffusion E) transpiration 25. One of the main differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA is A) Prokaryotes do not have DNA B) Prokaryotic DNA can only be single stranded C) Prokaryotic DNA is coiled in a single ring D) Eukaryotic DNA can be either double or single stranded E) Prokaryotic DNA cannot be cloned 26. Which of the following can be present in both animal and plant cells? I. centrioles II. chloroplasts III. mitochondria A) I only B) II only C) III only D) I and III only E) I, II and III 27. Animal cells can generally be distinguished from plant cells by A) presence of cell walls B) presence of chloroplasts C) lack of central vacuoles D) lack of lysosomes E) lack of centrioles 28. A cell at equilibrium with its environment is A) hypertonic B) hypotonic C) isobaric D) isochoric E) isotonic

4 29. In the diagram to the right, the arrows show the direction of movement of various substances. Which of the cell's life activities are represented by the arrows? 34. The molecules represented in the diagram below can interact to cause a biochemical process to occur. A) nutrition, reproduction, and regulation B) excretion, transport, and respiration C) growth, digestion, and locomotion D) ingestion, regulation, and synthesis 30. For survival, a hummingbird uses a considerable amount of energy. This energy most directly results from the life activity of A) transport B) excretion C) regulation D) respiration 31. If a human system fails to function properly, what is the most likely result? A) a stable rate of metabolism B) a disturbance in homeostasis C) a change in the method of cellular respiration D) a change in the function of DNA 32. Compound X increases the rate of the reaction shown below. Compound X is most likely A) an enzyme B) a lipid molecule C) an indicator D) an ADP molecule 33. The cytoplasm of a cell is composed of 20% solutes and 80% water. If the cell itself is in a solution composed of 95% water, then the intracellular environment can be described as to the extracellular environment. A) hypotonic B) hypertonic C) isotonic D) subtonic E) supertonic Molecule A and molecule B most likely represent A) a nerve signal and a gene B) a receptor and a hormone C) a chromosome and an antigen D) a starch and an amino acid 35. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below which represents an enzyme controlled reaction and on your knowledge of biology. This reaction best represents A) dehydration synthesis B) aerobic respiration C) hydrolysis D) fermentation 36. If the external environment of a living cell has a greater concentration of salt than the cytoplasm within the cell, the cell will tend to A) divide B) excrete salt C) increase its size D) lose water 37. Centrioles are normally present in the A) cytoplasm of onion cells B) cytoplasm of cheek cells C) nuclei of liver cells D) nuclei of bean cells 38. How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells similar? A) Both contain a nucleus. B) Both contain ribosomes. C) Both contain membrane-bound organelles. D) Both contain cell walls.

5 39. Base your answer to the following question on the information and graph below and on your knowledge of biology. The ph of the internal environment of lysosomes (organelles that contain digestive enzymes) is approximately 4.5, while the ph of the surrounding cytoplasm is approximately 7. The average ph of the human stomach during digestion is approximately 2.5, while the average ph of the small intestine during digestion is about 8. The graph below shows how ph affects the enzyme activity of four different enzymes, A, B, C, and D. Lysosomes break open during the process of digestion, releasing enzymes into the cytoplasm. Which statement may explain why the entire cell may not be digested? A) The acidic environment of the cytoplasm destroys the enzymes. B) Antibodies in the cytoplasm break down foreign enzymes. C) The ph of the cytoplasm causes the enzymes to function less effectively. D) Enzymes can function only in the location where they are synthesized. 40. A cell with a cytoplasmic solute concentration that is lower than its environment is said to be A) hydrophilic B) hypertonic C) hypotonic D) isotonic E) isomorphic 41. Cell surface carbohydrates are important for A) cell-cell recognition B) structural integrity C) fluidity D) selectivity of the membrane E) active transportation 42. Ion concentration within the cell is maintained by A) Na + channel proteins B) Na + - K + pumps C) phospholipid bilayer D) both a and b E) a, b and c 43. The net flow of materials through the membrane of a cell against a concentration gradient is known as A) active transport B) passive transport C) circulation D) transpiration 44. The process by which large undissolved particles are brought into a cell by being engulfed is known as A) cyclosis B) phagocytosis C) hydrolysis D) osmosis

6 45. Two methods of moving from place to place are represented below. The single-celled ameba moves by a process that involves the flow of cytoplasm. Which statement is best supported by these diagrams? A) Both simple and complex organisms move directly by the movement of cytoplasm. B) Single-celled organisms, like complex organisms, are able to move; however, they differ in the way they carry out this activity. C) Cytoplasm is a fluid substance in simple cells and a solid substance in cells of complex organisms. D) Cells in complex organisms function in the exact same way as cells in simple organisms. 46. Base your answer to the following question on the following picture. The similarities between the organelle depicted above and certain prokaryotes support the A) endomembrane system theory B) endosymbiont theory C) aerobic evolution pathway D) heterotroph hypothesis E) none of the above 47. In a cell, the selective permeability of the cell membrane is most closely associated with the maintenance of A) homeostasis B) hydrolysis C) phagocytosis D) pinocytosis

7 48. Base your answer to the following question on the image below. 50. The arrows in the diagrams below represent the direction of movement of a certain type of molecule through the cell membrane of two different cells. The dots represent the relative concentrations of this molecule. Which processes are illustrated in the diagrams? Solution X must be A) hypertonic to the cell B) hypotonic to the cell C) isotonic to the cell D) distilled H20 E) cytosol 49. Base your answer to the following question on the picture below. (Before and after pictures of a cell placed in a particular solution.) Cell A was placed in a solution that is A) hypertonic B) hypotonic C) isotonic D) flaccid E) supertonic A) phagocytosis and diffusion B) pinocytosis and osmosis C) active transport and diffusion D) dehydration synthesis and circulation 51. The process of vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents to the outside of the cell is A) Receptor-mediated endocytosis B) Pinocytosis C) Phagocytosis D) Endocytosis E) Exocytosis 52. Base your answer to the following question on Which of the following is true regarding pinocytosis? I. Involves ingesting solids II. Involves the cell wall III. Release of substances from a cell A) I only B) II only C) III only D) I and II E) none of the above 53. The cell must expend energy when it A) moves particles into the cell via endocytosis B) moves particles into the cell via diffusion C) moves water molecules into the cell via osmosis D) moves water molecules out of the cell via osmosis E) moves particles out of the cell via diffusion

8 Base your answers to questions 54 and 55 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram shows the changes that occurred in a beaker after 30 minutes. The beaker contained water, food coloring, and a bag made from dialysis tubing membrane. 54. Which statement best explains the changes shown? A) Molecular movement was aided by the presence of specific carbohydrate molecules on the surface of the membrane. B) Molecular movement was aided by the presence of specific enzyme molecules on the surface of the membrane. C) Molecules moved across the membrane without additional energy being supplied. D) Molecules moved across the membrane only when additional energy was supplied. 55. When the colors yellow and blue are combined, they produce a green color. Which statement most likely describes the relative sizes of the yellow and blue food-coloring molecules in the diagram? A) The yellow food-coloring molecules are small, while the blue food-coloring molecules are large. B) The yellow food-coloring molecules are large, while the blue food-coloring molecules are small. C) Both the yellow food-coloring molecules and the blue food-coloring molecules are large. D) Both the yellow food-coloring molecules and the blue food-coloring molecules are small.

9 56. Base your answer to the following question on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. Starch turns blue black in the presence of a starch indicator. Dialysis tubing tied at both ends and containing starch solution is placed in a beaker of water. Yellowish brown starch indicator is then added to the water. What will the solutions in the beaker and the tubing look like after 20 minutes? A) The indicator solution in the beaker will be blue black and the starch solution in the tubing will not change color. B) The starch solution in the tubing will be blue black and the indicator solution in the beaker will not change color. C) Neither the indicator solution nor the starch solution will be blue black. D) Both the indicator solution and the starch solution will be blue black.

10 Answer Key Socrative unit 3 Cells 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. E 11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. D 21. E 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. C 28. E 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. C 41. A 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. E 52. E 53. A 54. C 55. D 56. B