Vehicle Is Now. Saul Zambrano Director of Clean Air Transportation Pacific Gas & Electric Company

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Audrey Elliott
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1 1 The Future of the Electric Vehicle Is Now Saul Zambrano Director of Clean Air Transportation Pacific Gas & Electric Company May 14, 2010

2 Why electric vehicles? 1. Energy independence Gas: Single source and largely imported Electricity: Diverse sources and abundant in the U.S.

3 Why electric vehicles? (Continued) 2. $ savings Combustion engine 20% efficiency * Gas equivalent MPG $/gallon* >100 (PHEV) <$1 Electric motor 90% efficiency

4 Why electric vehicle? (Continued) 3. Good for the environment Reduce CO 2 emissions = 3X Further reduce CO 2 by effectively integrating renewable energy sources MW Output from wind Hour

5 Why electric vehicle? (Continued) 4. Less maintenance Internal combustion engine system Electric motor system ~1,400 parts ~200 parts *

6 Myths about electric vehicle 1. The battery will run out quickly GM Volt Mitsubishi imiev 40 electric miles + gas miles miles 75% of commuters travel less than 40 miles per day

7 Myths about electric vehicle (Continued) 2. Electric vehicle is slow Mini E Tesla Roadster Top speed 95 mph 125 mph 0-60 mph <8.5 seconds <4 seconds

8 Myths about electric vehicle (Continued) 3. It takes 8 hours to charge GM Volt Tesla Roadster 3 hours* 3.5 hours** * 240V charging ** Use Tesla high power connector

9 Myths about electric vehicle (Continued) 4. The battery is not safe Improved battery with new cathode material Advanced charging control to prevent overheating

10 Myths about electric vehicle (Continued) 5. Electricity is expensive and dirty PG&E delivers some of the cleanest electric power in the nation The grid will become smarter and cleaner

11 Myths about electric vehicle (Continued) 6. The life of EV battery is short Improved battery with new cathode material 2,000 3,000 cycles

12 The electric vehicle is really coming Over 70% of auto makers * are introducing i plug-in vehicles *by market share

13 Projected Electric Vehicle Growth High (845) EVs usands of Tho Average (532) HEV Historical Low (219) Cumulative PG&E Service Territory PEV Market Adoption Scenarios * Shifted 10 years forward

14 14 Greening Of PG&E s Fleet Hybrids, Plug-in Hybrids and Battery Electric Vehicles Dave Meisel Director - Transportation Services Pacific Gas & Electric Company May 14, 2010

15 Leadership Commitment PG&E has nearly 12,000 assets in its fleet PG&E operates the largest alternative fueled and high efficiency vehicle utility fleet in the nation, with more than 2300 vehicles Natural gas (CNG or LNG) 1,100 Bio-Diesel (B-20) 900 Electric (on- and off-road) 112 Hybrid (HEV and PHEV) 190 PG&E was recently ranked #1 as the greenest utility fleet in the country by Automotive Fleet Magazine.

16 Technology Choices There are no silver bullets, only silver buckshot. PG&E has always been actively involved in the development, demonstration and application of natural gas and electric-drive technologies No one fuel or technology is the single answer to our fuel dependency and greenhouse gas issues. PG&E will be looking at a blended technology portfolio where each application is matched with the appropriate technology that best meets the application needs - especially with the changing technology landscape.

17 Greening Our Fleet with Natural a Gas Since 1997, PG&E has displaced over 4.44 million gallons of diesel and gasoline with natural gas in its fleet This translates to over 7,800-avoided tons of CO 2 emissions According to Carbonify.com, that s equivalent to planting 2,600 trees a year for the last 15 years $1.8 million saved in fuel $ costs annually

18 Technology Mix Natural Gas Vehicles Hybrids Plug-In Hybrids Electric Vehicles High Efficiency Technology Fuel Cell Vehicles E PTO s

19 Hybrid Core Technology ogy Attributes of Hybrid Systems Fuel savings opportunities Very duty-cycle dependant One size (or type) of hybrid does not fit all PG&E also looking at unbundled hybrid systems Highest value proposition hybrid elements PG&E has low mileage, but high PTO usage PTO usage savings

20 Plug-in Hybrids (PHEVs) A PHEV uses a larger grid rechargeable battery system to provide additional capabilities beyond those of conventional hybrid systems A PHEV may be capable of limited pure electric mode operation PHEVs are most effective in urban environments where the use of the electric drive and battery energy are maximized A PHEV may or may not interface with the vehicle s drive train

21 PHEV Benefits e Pure battery range, PTO operation, cabin comfort Lower carbon footprint Lower fuel cost Experience vehicle plug-in operations Establishes infrastructure for future EV products

22 High Efficiency Technologies Battery powered Power-Take-Off (PTO) Called E-PTO Powers boom and tool circuit Cabin comfort Vehicle auxiliaries Charging by plugging in and/or by engine alternator power Offers silent work location opportunities Substantial reduction in fuel usage

23 PG&E Support of Alternate Fuel Technology Ford F550 PHEV Trouble Truck International / Terex PHEV Material Handler Other Projects Currently Under Way Raser PHEV Pick-Ups & SUV s Nissan Leaf BEV Parker E-PTO Hybrid Drive Smith / Altec Electric Trouble Truck Green Manufacturing in CA Electric Vehicle Research Center

24 PG&E Support of Alternate Fuel Technology Heavy Gas Crew Truck Warehouse Tractors Hybrid Pickup Hybrid Sport Utility

25 PG&E Support of Alternate Fuel Technology International / Eaton 4300 Hybrid Bucket Truck 4x4 Peterbilt-Eaton 335 Hybrid PHEV Toyota Prius Retrofit PHEV Ford Escape Retrofit

26 PG&E Support of Alternate Fuel Technology Chevy Volt EBox Daimler Fuel Cell Mitsubishi imiev

27 Thank You

28 Appendix

29 Smith Electric Vehicle Trouble Truck America's firstall-electric utility truck Developed by PG&E, Altec and Smith 120 kw traction motor 100 mile range 50 mph top speed (governed) Altec AT37-G aerial boom Over 16,000 pound payload Lithium-Ion iron phosphate batteries

30 Heavy Gas Crew Truck PG&E led the development effort of this truck Trucks completed through upfit process Vanair 185 cfm underbody compressor Approx. 45 diesel gallon equiv. 4 tanks behind cab Range 300 miles Have over 120 trucks

31 Warehouse Tractors Kenworth T800s 5 pre-production units Cummins ISX engine LNG Fuel system upfitted Diesel pilot fuel 450 Hp, 1650 ft-lbs torque Range of miles Wheel base 189 Fuller 13 speed

32 Hybrid Sport Utility ty GM Dual Mode Hybrid Over 100 units Ford Escape Hybrid Over 40 units

33 International a / Eaton 4300 Hybrid Bucket Truck 4x4 HTUF partner Diesel-electric hybrid 26,000 GVW E-PTO w/ 45 aerial 44 Kw electric motor Li-Ion battery system 25 Kw APG

34 Peterbilt-Eaton 335 Hybrid Same drive train as International 33,000 GVWR Terex TL50 boom

35 PHEV Toyota Prius Retrofit t A123/Hymotion system 30 mile EV only range 5 KWh lithium-ion Booster battery for existing battery 180 pounds additional mass 5.5 hr. charge time

36 PHEV Ford Escape Retrofit t Hybrids Plus system 25 mile EV only range 12 KWh lithium-ion 120 volt charging 12 hours full charge 124 pounds additional mass

37 Ford F550 PHEV Trouble Truck Development e e 16 KWh LI-Ion battery 5 KW auxiliary power generation capability miles EV only operation 240 volt charging Currently under calibration testing Non-diesel unit being considered

38 International a / Terex e PHEV Material a Handler Diesel-electric (non-drive train) hybrid 110 volt charging System weight under 2000 lbs. E-PTO and engine off cabin cooling/heating Absorbent Glass Mat (AGM) battery type Available OEM or retrofit on older units Continuous run time with batteries hours

39 Beyond Hybrids -EVs PG&E currently has about 190 EVs On- and off-road (material handling equipment, low speed transport) Currently have EBox for testing and demonstration Looking to partner with OEMs to bring utility mission products to market Agnostic with regard to battery chemistry

40 Smith Electric Vehicle Trouble Truck America's firstall-electric utility truck Developed by PG&E, Altec and Smith 120 kw traction motor 100 mile range 50 mph top speed (governed) Altec AT37-G aerial boom Over 16,000 pound payload Lithium-Ion iron phosphate batteries

41 Daimler Fuel Cell Demonstration Demonstration project with Daimler Issues obtaining fuel and fueling site Overall evaluation: fuel cell vehicles are still a future technology

PV Meets EV. David Katz AEE SOLAR FOUNDER AND CTO

PV Meets EV. David Katz AEE SOLAR FOUNDER AND CTO David Katz AEE SOLAR FOUNDER AND CTO TYPES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES Hybrid Electric Vehicles HEV s HEV s have been on the market for over 10 years. They have a battery powered electric motor coupled with a