POSTLAB TO WEEK 2: INTRODUCTION TO MOTION
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1 Names Date POSITION TIME GRAPHS POSTLAB TO WEEK 2: INTRODUCTION TO MOTION Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. 1. What do you do to create a horizontal line on a position time graph? 2. How do you walk to create a straight line that slopes up? 3. How do you walk to create a straight line that slopes down? 4. How do you move so the graph goes up steeply at first, and then continues up less steeply? 5. How do you walk to create a U-shaped graph? 1999 John Wiley & Sons. Portions of this material have been modified locally. 1
2 Answer the following about two objects, A and B, whose motion produced the following position time graphs. 6. a. Which object is moving faster A or B? b. Which starts ahead? Define what you mean by ahead. c. What does the intersection mean? 7. a. Which object is moving faster? b. Which object has a negative velocity according to the convention we have established? 8. a. Which object is moving faster? b. Which starts ahead? Explain what you mean by ahead John Wiley & Sons. Portions of this material have been modified locally. 2
3 Sketch the position time graph corresponding to each of the following descriptions of the motion of an object. 9. The object moves with a steady (constant) velocity away from the origin. 10. The object is standing still. 11. The object moves with a steady (constant) velocity toward the origin for 5 s and then stands still for 5 s. 12. The object moves with a steady velocity away from the origin for 5 s, then reverses direction and moves at the same speed toward the origin for 5 s. 13. The object moves away from the origin, starting slowly and speeding up. VELOCITY TIME GRAPHS After studying the velocity time graphs you have made, answer the following questions. 1. How do you move to create a horizontal line in the positive part of a velocity time graph, as shown on the right? 1999 John Wiley & Sons. Portions of this material have been modified locally. 3
4 2. How do you move to create a straight-line velocity time graph that slopes up from zero, as shown on the right? 3. How do you move to create a straight-line velocity time graph that slopes down, as shown on the right? 4. How do you move to make a horizontal line in the negative part of a velocity time graph, as shown on the right? 5. The velocity time graph of an object is shown below. Figure out the total change in position (displacement) of the object. Show your work. Displacement = m 6. Both of the velocity graphs below show the motion of two objects, A and B. Answer the following questions separately for 1 and for 2. Explain your answers when necessary John Wiley & Sons. Portions of this material have been modified locally. 4
5 a. Is one faster than the other? If so, which one is faster A or B? a. Is one faster than the other? If so, which one is faster A or b. What does the intersection mean? b. What does the intersection mean? B? c. Can you tell which object is ahead? (Define ahead. ) d. Does either A or B reverse direction? Explain. c. Can you tell which object is ahead? (Define ahead. ) d. Does either A or B reverse direction? Explain. Sketch the velocity time graph corresponding to each of the following descriptions of the motion of an object. 7. The object is moving away from the origin at a steady (constant) velocity. 8. The object is standing still. 9. The object moves toward the origin at a steady (constant) velocity for 10 s, and then stands still for 10 s. 10. The object moves away from the origin at a steady (constant) velocity for 10 s, reverses direction, and moves back toward the origin at the same speed for 10 s John Wiley & Sons. Portions of this material have been modified locally. 5
6 11. Draw the velocity graphs for an object whose motion produced the position time graphs shown below on the left. Position is in meters (m) and velocity in meters per second (m/s). (Note: Unlike most real objects, you can assume that these objects can change velocity so quickly that it looks instantaneous with this time scale.) 1999 John Wiley & Sons. Portions of this material have been modified locally. 6
7 12. Draw careful graphs below of position and velocity for a cart that a. moves away from the origin at a slow and steady (constant) velocity for the first 5 s. b. moves away at a medium-fast, steady (constant) velocity for the next 5 s. c. stands still for the next 5 s. d. moves toward the origin at a slow and steady (constant) velocity for the next 5 s. e. stands still for the last 5 s John Wiley & Sons. Portions of this material have been modified locally. 7
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