Securing a fit for purpose electricity infrastructure in the heart of Europe

Transcription

1 Securing a fit for purpose electricity infrastructure in the heart of Europe German and Danish Energy Transitions Copenhagen 15. December Referent 1

2 Agenda 1. Energiewende: Ongoing change in electricity generation (location as well as technology) 2. Arising challenges for grid development and operation 3. Facilitating a fit for purpose infrastructure for an Internal Energy Market for electricity

3 Energiewende: Ongoing change in electricity generation (location as well as technology)

4 Key elements of the Energiewende (Energy Transition) Supporting fields of action Energy Efficiency Market and system integration Renewable Energy Key legislation: Energy Saving Ordinance Heating Cost Ordinance Energy research and development Key legislation: Renewable Energy Sources Act Renewable Energy Heat Act Increasing energy productivity Cost-efficient savings European energy and climate policy Steady growth Environmentally friendly energy supply 15-Dec-16 4

5 Renewables share in % Source: Ecofys, BMWi 2015 Renewables share in gross electricity consumption , Overall target corridor In 2025: between 40% and 45% RES-E In 2035: between 55% and 60% RES-E ,2 10 6, Capacity additions Onshore wind and PV MW (2.5 GW) per year each Bioenergy 100 MW per year Offshore wind 6.5 GW by 2020, 15 GW by 2030 Focus on Wind and PV as most cost-effective solutions Referent 5

6 Onshore Wind: Installed Capacity (2015) Total: Northern Germany: 41,5 GW 30 GW

7 Source: Offshore Stiftung Windenergie Offshore Wind: installed capacity 3500 MW (2015)

8 Nov 2003 May 2005 Aug 2011 Jun 2015 today Source: Ecofys 2015, BMWi 2015 German nuclear phase-out timeline GW Fukushima Jun 2015 Grafenrheinfeld (1345 MW) Dec 2021 Gundremmingen C (1288 MW), Grohnde (1360 MW), Brokdorf (1410 MW) 20 Grafenrheinfeld 10 43% 57% Dec 2017 Grundremmingen B (1284 MW) Dec 2019 Philippsburg 2 (1402 MW) Dec 2022 Isar 2 (1410 MW), Emsland (1329 MW), Neckarwestheim 2 (1365 MW) Nuclear phase-out will reduce Germany s total power capacity. The remaining 8 nuclear power plants will be phased out by

9 Source: : Generation and load today generation surplus power generation deficit

10 Arising challenges for grid development and operation

11 Source: DUH 2011 Challenge: connecting supply and demand solar wind (installed) wind (planned) bottleneck transmission grid distribution grid high-demand areas New power lines need to transport excess supply in northern Germany to southern Germany in order to prevent shortages. 15-Dec-16 11

12 Source: Ecofys 2015, based on data from Transmission system operators 2014, Fraunhofer ISE 2014, Agora 2016 Transmission system operators in Germany and share of fluctuating renewables Amprion 11,000 km 24.7% volatile peak capacity 100,0% 50,0% 0,0% Diagramtitel 50Hertz Germany Highest volatile capacity: 42 GW at 60 GW load Hourly shares over 65% 9,995 km 48% volatile peak capacity TransnetBW 3,420 km 31.6% volatile peak capacity TenneT 10,800 km 49.5% volatile peak capacity German TSOs have already handled over 75% of the power in the grid coming from renewables

13 Five steps of grid development in Germany

14 Challenge: Ambitious Grid Expansion Plan (target year 2024) Investment needs: 50 billion (transmission and distribution grid): Main barrier: Time-consuming approval procedures

15 National grid expansion monitoring xyz 15 15

16 EnLAG-Projects Status quo 3 rd Q Priority Projects from EnLAG (Power Grid Expansion Act) 22 projects totalling > 1,800 km ca. 650 km finalised 35 % In approval process Approved or currently under construction Finalised 16

17 BBPlG-Projects Status quo 3 rd Q >6,000 km of priority lines by projects 3,050 km new construction 3,050 km optimisation ca. 400 km approved / 80 km 6,5% / 1% In approval process Approved or currently under construction Finalised Other planned routes

18 PCI monitoring Status quo 3 rd Q

19 National regulatory authority Federal authority for planning approval of cross-state and cross-border the extrahigh voltage power lines One stop shop for PCI

20 New rules regarding underground cables Differentiation between AC and DC important DC: precedence of underground cables for new power lines 5 projects including SuedLink, SuedOstLink and Corridor A-North almost full underground cabling to be expected AC: pilot projects for underground cables for technical reasons consequences of default and dynamic behaviour in a meshed AC-grid need to be analysed first lack of experience in Europe total of 11 pilot projects different criteria: distance from residential areas, nature conservation, crossing of broad waterways

21 New rules concerning HVDC cables Planning so that complete underground cabling is possible strict exceptions where overhead lines are allowed: nature conservation (species, FFH regions) combination with existing power lines (without additional significant negative environmental effects) request by local communities to assess the feasibility of overhead lines in the respective community open to all types of underground cable technology

22 Facilitating a fit for purpose infrastructure for an Internal Energy Market for electricity

23 Cross border capacities (NTCs) in 2015 Source: Information of German TSOs respective the approved capacity model of the German Federal Network Agency (BNetzA) Currently Germany, Luxemburg and Austria are a common bidding zone, therefore no official NTC available for based on available data of ENTSO-E Forecast Transfer Capacities Day Ahead in 2015 ² NTCs to and from Poland are dependend on the total polish profile which contains the sum of Germany, Czech Republik and Slovakia

24 Source: Bundesnetzagentur 2016

25 Source: Bundesnetzagentur 2016

26 System characteristics affecting power system security Resulting Challenges Increasing inter-regional transport grid expansion, congestion management (TSO intervention) Increasing volatility of generation (prospectively: demand) gradients, short-term balancing (incl. forecasts, flexibilities) Increasing number of generation plants and market actors coordination and communication processes, IT (seurity) Decreasing number of conventional power plants grid stability (ancillary services), system restoration

27 Adequate interconnections of Member States with the electricity networks are essential for achieving a fully functioning and connected internal energy market that allows for: cost-efficient power purchase increased flexibility in the power system energy supply security

28 Thank you for your attention! Referent 28