Year 5. Summer Term Assembly. Volcanoes

Transcription

1 Year 5 Summer Term Assembly Volcanoes Please check the whole script for your lines, as you may have more than one thing to say. We will choose people to do the eruption demonstration based on good behaviour in class next week.

2 Entrance Music- Lava Year 5 Volcanoes Assembly Mrs Walker- Welcome and Prayer Introduction to Volcanoes MP4 Introduction: Cherie Arfield: Thursday 5 th May 2016 In our English lessons recently, Year 5 have been learning about explanation textshow they work and how they should be written. We have learnt about the specific features of this kind of text and the formal language that should be used when writing them. Cyron Atkinson: To help us learn about this we have researched about volcanoes. We have found out so much fascinating information that we would like to share it with you now. Song 1: Ring of Fire Inside Earth Leon Bate: The earth is not just a round ball in space. It is made up of a number of layers going form the Earth s crust- the surface that we stand on, down to the Earth s core, right in the centre, which is made of iron. In between these is a layer of molten rock called the mantle, and an outer core, which is extremely hot. Megan Birtwistle: Tectonic plates cover the Earth and make the Earth s crust. There are 17 plates altogether, which fit together like a jigsaw. They are constantly moving.

3 Corey Butterworth: Sometimes they move towards each other and sometimes they move apart. When they move apart it causes fissures in the Earth s crust. This allows magma, molten rock, to escape from the Earth s mantle, which is what we call a volcano. Feature of a Volcano Olivia Birtwistle: Below a volcano there is the earth. Inside this is a magma chamber. This is when part of the Earth s mantle puts pressure on the crust of the earth, combined with poisonous gasses, trying to escape. The magma chamber is a ball of magma and gas, under the ground. Isabella Collins: Inside the main vent of the volcano is a large tube called a conduit, which allows the magma to push its way out of the volcano. Sometimes secondary vents can open up on the side of the main volcano. If they don t open up, these build-ups are known as a sill. Serena Field: Mountainous volcanoes are built up from layers of eruption upon eruption, which pack in tightly together, to form a mountain. Kiara Jones: At the top of a volcano there is a cap called a crater. These can be huge, and often spewing with hot, poisonous gasses. Tamzin France: Inside the volcano all of the magma is stored, trying to escape. The molten rock is known as magma when it is stored inside the volcano, however, when it escapes it is known as lava.

4 Eruption Caitlin Higginson: A volcano is very dangerous when it erupts because hot lava comes out. As gas and magma build up inside the mantle, it pushes on the Earth s crust, trying to find a weak spot and a place to escape. When the gas and magma escape, we call this an eruption. They escape and form a large ash cloud, which we call pyroclastic flow. Isabelle Kerry: Huge gas clouds, called pyroclastic flow, can engulf entire cities and islands. Plus boiling hot lava flows down the side of the volcano, with the potential to destroy anything in its path. It can reach up to 1250 degrees Celsius. The clouds of gas can cover the sky for weeks. They are highly poisonous, because of the gasses which are in them. Poppie Leak: Smaller, secondary vents can open up on the side of a volcano. These can still be devastating and still spew out large arounds of lava. As these build up, they make their own new mountain, but these are known as parasitic cones, as they grow on the side of the original mountain. Callum Panter: The type of rock that comes out of a volcano is known as igneous rock. One type of this is called pumice. Pumice has uses in our everyday life, and can be used by people in the home. It is funny to think that something you rub on your skin actually came out of a volcano. Megan Walton: As layer upon layer of rock is emitted from the volcano, it packs tightly together and is put under pressure in the Earth s crust. These layers are known as sedimentary layers. The further these layers are pushed down, the closer they get back to the mantle. As this happens they heat up and their make up is changed. This type of rock is then known as metamorphic rock.

5 Preston Hiorns: Some Volcanoes erupt all of the time- most of these eruptions are from Should volcanoes, which are low lying, flat volcanoes. Volcanoes that erupt often are known as active. Lewis Pemberton: Some mountainous volcanoes, known as cinder cones and composite volcanoes, don t erupt that often. In fact some of them may not have erupted for 1000s of years. However there is still a danger that they might in the future. These are known as dormant volcanoes. Oliwia Jekiel: Magma can only escape through weak points in the Earth s crust, so over time these become more and more clocked up- with eruption upon eruption. This will cause the crust to become thicker. Gracie Janes: When a mountain s crust has become so thick magma will no longer be able to escape and the volcano will become extinct- which means that the volcano will not have erupted for over 100,000 years. We have a number of these in the UK. The most famous of these being in Edinburgh, which is the site of Edinburgh castle. Aftermath Lucy Kennedy: Volcanic eruptions are devastating to the vegetation, wildlife and people living volcanic regions. It is thought that 5 percent of the world s population- that s 350 million people- live in danger of having their lived destroyed by this natural, but lethal phenomenon. Kiara Jones: Eruptions will destroy anything in their path, from people, do buildings. Some of the rocks that are spewed out from a volcano can be the size of a car- so don t walk underneath.

6 Jason Stockton: Not to mention the gas that is emitted from the eruption, which contains things like carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrochloric sulphide and other poisonous substances. Most people and animals that are killed by eruptions are not killed by the lava flow, but by the effects of the pyroclastic flow. Mia Ward: However, not all of the effects of eruptions are negative. The rock that forms after a lava flow is very fertile and will encourage the growth of new plants and give homes to wildlife. Real Life examples Amie Watkinson: The Hawaiian islands were formed by marine volcanoes, which have been erupting for millions of years and have formed islands, which people and wildlife now live on. The Kilauea volcano, in the south of volcano is an example of a shield volcano. As it erupts, new land is formed. Jessica Mason: It has been erupting continuously since if you d been born then, you d be very old by now. Because the land is getting bigger, it actually moves 7.5 cm closer to Alaska, in North America, every year. Cyron Atkinson: Possibly one of the most famous volcanic eruptions in history is the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, which erupted with a massive explosion in AD79. The people of the city of Pompeii lived in the foothill of this monstrous mountain, and were going about their daily business as usual when the volcano began to erupt.

7 Olivia Birtwistle: No one seemed worried when this started, as they were used to seeing the volcano erupt on a regular basis. People continued about their usual business, but, they should have been running. Later that day, on August 24 th AD79, Vesuvius erupted again, but this time with such a terrifyingly menacing intensity that it blew away half of the mountainside. Caitlin Higginson: The city was engulfed by thick, poisonous gas and littered with huge rocks and ash. The rocks destroyed buildings, the ash disintegrated people on contact and buried them alive. Tamzin France: The city laid buried under 9 metres of ash for hundreds of years, before being excavated and studied in recent years by archaeologists. Conclusion Isabella Collins: Volcanoes can be utterly devastating things, but can also create new life and new land. We should be astounded and pleased that our world contains some of these amazing phenomena. Please join us in a prayer to thank God for our wonderful world. Preston Hiorns and Megan Walton: Dear God, thank you for our world and all of the astounding things we see in nature. We see your might, in the violent eruptions of volcanoes, your genius in the way that gas and lava escape from inside the Earth, and your gentleness in the way that way that eruptions give new life on our planet. Amen. Song 2: About Volcanoes Song