EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS
|
|
|
- Marian Spencer
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS What s your favorite volcano? Volcanoes and Volcanic Rocks Famous Volcanoes Basalts Andesites Dotsero, CO Fuji Kilauea St. Helens Mauna Loa Ranier Haleakala Shasta Hekla Stromboli Vesuvius Rhyolites Yellowstone Valles Long Valley Crater Lake Pinatubo Krakatao Popocatepetl Santorini Orizaba Campi Phlegri Pelée (Naples) Do you clean your volcanoes regularly? Where do volcanoes occur? Where do volcanoes occur? Plate Boundaries (98%) Divergent Ocean-ocean convergent Ocean-continent Convergent Hot (wet) Spots 1
2 Where do volcanoes not occur? Most Volcanoes are at Plate Boundaries Cratons Passive continental margins Oceanic abyssal plains Continent continent convergent boundaries Igneous Rock Names and Compositions Composition Intrusive Name Rock Name Ultramafic Peridotite Mafic Gabbro Intermediate Diorite Silicic (felsic) Granite Volcanic Rock Name (Komatiite) Basalt Andesite Rhyolite Magma and Lava Magma is the term for any molten silicate material, whether below the surface or on top. Volcanic rocks are erupted on the surface. Volcanic rocks are fine-grained (<1 mm) Lava is the term for a magma on the surface. Most Volcanoes are at Plate Boundaries Geologic Settings 2
3 Basaltic Eruptions Pahoehoe, Hawaii (Basalt) Low Viscosity High Temperature ( ºC) Normally Quiescent Lava Flows Aa - early, low temperature, blocky flow Pahoehoe - later high temperature ropy flow Pillow Lavas - underwater flow Shields Cinder cones Aa, Hawaii (Basalt) Cinder Cone, Pu uo o, Hawaii (Basalt) Pillow Lava, Kauai (Basalt) Most Volcanoes are at Plate Boundaries 3
4 Cinder Cone + Caldera, (Basalt) Skjaldbreidur Shield, (Basalt) Caldera, (Basalt) Halemaumau Basalt Flow Grand Canyon < 1My old Columnar Basalt Basaltic Eruptions Low Viscosity High Temperature ( ºC) Normally Quiescent Lava Flows Aa - early, low temperature, blocky flow Pahoehoe - later high temperature ropy flow Pillow Lavas - underwater flow Shields Cinder cones 4
5 Famous Volcanoes Most Volcanoes are at Plate Boundaries Basalts Dotsero, CO Kilauea Mauna Loa Haleakala Hekla Vulcan s Throne Andesites Fuji St. Helens Ranier Shasta Stromboli Vesuvius Popocatepetl Orizaba Pelée Etna Rhyolites Yellowstone Valles/Jemez Long Valley Crater Lake Pinatubo Krakatao Santorini Campi Phlegri (Naples) Andesite Eruptions Geologic Settings Higher viscosity (higher polymerization) Lower temperature More water, more explosive Subduction zone volcanism Flows Viscous lava flows Pyroclastic flows Composite Cones Clicker Question Plate tectonics explains the global pattern of volcanism. Clicker Question Plate tectonics explains the global pattern of volcanism. Which volcanic environment will, on average, produce the most felsic (silicic) lavas? A. Mid-ocean ridge B. Island arc C. Continental arc D. Oceanic hotspot Which volcanic environment will, on average, produce the most felsic (silicic) lavas? A. Mid-ocean ridge B. Island arc C. Continental arc D. Oceanic hotspot 5
6 What composition volcanic rocks characterize magmatism at mid-ocean ridges? A. Carbonatite B. Basalt C. Andesite D. Rhyolite Clicker Question Plate tectonics explains the global pattern of volcanism. What composition volcanic rocks characterize magmatism at mid-ocean ridges? A. Carbonatite B. Basalt C. Andesite D. Rhyolite Clicker Question Plate tectonics explains the global pattern of volcanism. Andesite Flow, Mt Shasta Composite Cone, Mt. Fuji, Japan Composite Cone, Mt. Daisen Composite Cone, Llaima Volcano, Chile 6
7 Ash Flow Eruption, Llaima Volcano, Chile Composite Cone, Mt. St Helens 7
8 Andesite Eruptions Higher viscosity (higher polymerization) Lower temperature More water, more explosive Subduction zone volcanism Flows Viscous lava flows Pyroclastic flows (Nuée Ardente) Composite Cones Basalts Dotsero, CO Kilauea Mauna Loa Haleakala Hekla Vulcan s Throne Famous Volcanoes Andesites Fuji St. Helens Ranier Shasta Stromboli Vesuvius Popocatepetl Orizaba Pelée Etna Rhyolites Yellowstone Valles/Jemez Long Valley Crater Lake Pinatubo Krakatao Santorini Campi Phlegri (Naples) Clicker Question Which of the following is an example of a basalt volcano? A. Mt St. Helens B. Yellowstone C. Mauna Loa D. Mt Pinatubo E. Mt. Fuji Clicker Question Which of the following is an example of a basalt volcano? Clicker Question Which of the following is an example of an andesite volcano? A. Mt St. Helens B. Yellowstone C. Mauna Loa D. Mt Pinatubo E. Mt. Fuji A. Kilauea B. Yellowstone C. Mauna Loa D. Mt Pinatubo E. Mt. Fuji 8
9 Clicker Question Which of the following is an example of an andesite volcano? A. Kilauea B. Yellowstone C. Mauna Loa D. Mt Pinatubo E. Mt. Fuji Rhyolite Eruptions Very high viscosity Low temperature ( ºC) Massive Pyroclastic eruptions Air fall (pumice) Ash Flow (Nuée Ardente) Tuff Obsidian Flows Caldera (5-25 km) Resurgent dome Rhyolite Eruptions Associated Phenomena Hot Springs Geysers Fumaroles Geologic Setting Continental Margins and Interiors Subduction Zones Geologic Settings Pumice = Glass foam Ash-Flow Tuff with Air-Fall Units (pumice) 9
10 Ash-Flow Tuff Unit Ash-Flow Tuff Unit Non-Welded Top Welded Core Vitrophyre Non-welded base Silicic Tuff Units (Jemez, NM) Sulfur Fumarole, Nysseros Obsidian Flow Non-welded Air-Fall Units Caldera with Cinder Cone Crater Lake, OR 10
11 Geyser Old Faithful (Yellowstone) Rhyolite Eruptions Very high viscosity Low temperature ( ºC) Massive Pyroclastic eruptions Air fall (pumice) Ash Flow (Nuée Ardente) Tuff Obsidian Flows Caldera (5-25 km) Resurgent dome Andesite Eruptions Higher viscosity (higher polymerization) Lower temperature More water, more explosive Subduction zone volcanism Flows Viscous lava flows Pyroclastic flows Composite Cones Basaltic Eruptions Low Viscosity High Temperature ( ºC) Normally Quiescent Lava Flows Aa - early, low temperature, blocky flow Pahoehoe - later high temperature ropy flow Pillow Lavas - underwater flow Shields Cinder cones Crater Lake, OR Crater Lake, OR A.Basalt B.Andesite C.Rhyolite A.Basalt B.Andesite C.Rhyolite 11
12 Mt. St. Helens Mt. St. Helens A.Basalt B.Andesite C.Rhyolite A.Basalt B.Andesite C.Rhyolite Kilauea Kilauea A.Basalt B.Andesite C.Rhyolite A.Basalt B.Andesite C.Rhyolite Geologic Settings Most Volcanoes are at Plate Boundaries 12
13 Famous Volcanoes Basalts Andesites Dotsero, CO Fuji Kilauea St. Helens Mauna Loa Ranier Haleakala Shasta Hekla Stromboli Vesuvius Rhyolites Yellowstone Valles/Jemez Long Valley Crater Lake Pinatubo Krakatao Popocatepetl Santorini Orizaba Campi Phlegri Pelée (Naples) Ultramafic Mafic Intermediate Silicic Basalt Andesite Magma Lava Aa Pahoehoe Volcanic Terms Pillow Lava Shield Composite Cone Cinder Cone Caldera Pyroclastic Air Fall Ash Flow Tuff Obsidian Vitrophyre Pumice Resurgent dome Hot Spring Nuée Ardente Geyser Rhyolite EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS Volcanoes and Volcanic Rocks Igneous Rock Names and Compositions Composition Intrusive Name Rock Name Ultramafic Peridotite Mafic Gabbro Intermediate Diorite Silicic (felsic) Granite Volcanic Rock Name (Komatiite) Basalt Andesite Rhyolite Most Volcanoes are at Plate Boundaries Famous Volcanoes Basalts Dotsero, CO Kilauea Mauna Loa Haleakala Hekla Vulcan s Throne Andesites Fuji St. Helens Ranier Shasta Stromboli Vesuvius Popocatepetl Orizaba Pelée Rhyolites Yellowstone Valles Long Valley Crater Lake Pinatubo Krakatao Santorini Campi Phlegri (Naples) 13
14 Ultramafic Mafic Intermediate Silicic Basalt Andesite Magma Lava Aa Pahoehoe Volcanic Terms Pillow Lava Shield Composite Cone Cinder Cone Caldera Pyroclastic Air Fall Ash Flow Tuff Obsidian Vitrophyre Pumice Resurgent dome Hot Spring Nuée Ardente Geyser Rhyolite Clicker Not Registered Clicker Not Registered McClelland, A Keegan, R. Moten, J. Runyon, K. Scott, G. Shepley, J. Wheeler, S. Clicker Not Registered McClelland, A Keegan, R. Moten, J. Runyon, K. Scott, G. Shepley, J. Wheeler, S. 14
Earth Materials: Intro to rocks & Igneous rocks. The three major categories of rocks Fig 3.1 Understanding Earth
Earth Materials: 1 The three major categories of rocks Fig 3.1 Understanding Earth 2 Intro to rocks & Igneous rocks Three main categories of rocks: Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic The most common minerals
Igneous Rocks. Geology 200 Geology for Environmental Scientists
Igneous Rocks Geology 200 Geology for Environmental Scientists Magma Compositions Ultramafic - composition of mantle Mafic - composition of basalt, e.g. oceanic crust. 900-1200 o C, 50% SiO 2 Intermediate
Chapter 5: Magma And Volcanoes
Chapter 5: Magma And Volcanoes Introduction: Earth s Internal Thermal Engine Magma is molten rock beneath Earth s surface. Because liquid magma is less dense than surrounding solid rock, and obviously
FOURTH GRADE VOLCANOES 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
FOURTH GRADE VOLCANOES 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES PLATE TECTONIC CYCLE OVERVIEW OF FOURTH GRADE VOLCANOES WEEK 1. PRE: Comparing different structures of volcanoes. LAB: Modeling three types of
Volcanism and Volcanoes
Volcanism and Volcanoes Volcanism is one of the most impressive displays of Earth s dynamic internal processes. From a human perspective, volcanism can be a destructive force causing property damage, injuries,
Magmas and Igneous Rocks
Page 1 of 14 EENS 1110 Tulane University Physical Geology Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Magmas and Igneous Rocks This page last updated on 03-Sep-2015 Magma and Igneous Rocks Igneous Rocks are formed by crystallization
Igneous Geochemistry. What is magma? What is polymerization? Average compositions (% by weight) and liquidus temperatures of different magmas
1 Igneous Geochemistry What is magma phases, compositions, properties Major igneous processes Making magma how and where Major-element variations Classification using a whole-rock analysis Fractional crystallization
Lecture Notes: Bill Engstrom Instructor Igneous Rocks GLG 101: Physical Geology
Lecture Notes: Bill Engstrom Instructor Igneous Rocks GLG 101: Physical Geology In our overview of the Earth, we found out that Earth s internal heat combined with other mechanisms causes rocks to melt
Geol 101: Physical Geology PAST EXAM QUESTIONS LECTURE 4: PLATE TECTONICS II
Geol 101: Physical Geology PAST EXAM QUESTIONS LECTURE 4: PLATE TECTONICS II 4. Which of the following statements about paleomagnetism at spreading ridges is FALSE? A. there is a clear pattern of paleomagnetic
DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVE VOLCANOES
DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVE VOLCANOES The earth is a dynamic planet. Its rigid outer surface layer is broken into several tectonic plates which are in constant motion relative to one another. As demonstrated
Viscosity and Volcano Types
20 LESSON Viscosity and Volcano Types This photo, taken in 1943 in Paricutin, Mexico, shows an eruption of the Paricutin volcano at night. Glowing hot, broken rocks outline the shape of the volcano, called
CATACLYSMIC ERUPTIONS
CATACLYSMIC ERUPTIONS The really big ones! This figure compares the size of some recent, well-known eruptions. Note how small the eruptions of Mount St. Helens and even Vesuvius are compared to Katmai,
Continental Drift. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Proposed that all of the continents were once part of a large supercontinent - Pangaea Based on:
Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift Continental Drift Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Proposed that all of the continents were once part of a large supercontinent - Pangaea Based on: Similarities in shorelines
Geol 101: Physical Geology Summer 2007 EXAM 1
Geol 101: Physical Geology Summer 2007 EXAM 1 Write your name out in full on the scantron form and fill in the corresponding ovals to spell out your name. Also fill in your student ID number in the space
MAJOR LANDFORMS IN VOLCANIC REGIONS
MAJOR LANDFORMS IN VOLCANIC REGIONS Volcanism is not randomly distributed over the world. It is concentrated near plate boundaries where plate subduction or seafloor spreading takes place. Other occurrences
II. Earth Science (Geology) Section (9/18/2013)
EAPS 100 Planet Earth Lecture Topics Brief Outlines II. Earth Science (Geology) Section (9/18/2013) 1. Interior of the Earth Learning objectives: Understand the structure of the Earth s interior crust,
7. Wegener thought that if the continents had previously been at different latitudes, they would have been in different climatic zones.
Review Questions, Chapter 7, 12 th Ed. 1. Alfred Wegener is credited with developing the continental drift hypothesis. 2. The puzzle-like fit of the continents, especially Africa and South America. 4.
VOLCANOES AND OTHER IGNEOUS FEATURES
VOLCANOES AND OTHER IGNEOUS FEATURES INSTRUSVE IGNEOUS FEATURES Plutonic-Intrusive igneous rocks can cool and solidify into large rock bodies: plutons Plutons form in all sizes several square meters to
INTRODUCTION. This project is about volcanoes and how they form and how they function. It will also show you the different aspects of a volcano.
BY RYAN O MAHONY INTRODUCTION This project is about volcanoes and how they form and how they function. It will also show you the different aspects of a volcano. MAP OF VOLCANOES AROUND THE WORLD DIAGRAM
ES 104: Laboratory # 7 IGNEOUS ROCKS
ES 104: Laboratory # 7 IGNEOUS ROCKS Introduction Igneous rocks form from the cooling and crystallization of molten rock material. This can occur below the surface of the earth forming intrusive rocks
Chapter 2. Igneous Rocks
Chapter 2 Igneous Rocks Most students find the definition of a mineral to be rather long and cumbersome. In contrast, the definition of a rock is short and sweet. A rock is any naturally occurring aggregate
How Did These Ocean Features and Continental Margins Form?
298 10.14 INVESTIGATION How Did These Ocean Features and Continental Margins Form? The terrain below contains various features on the seafloor, as well as parts of three continents. Some general observations
1 Exploring Earth s Interior
1 Exploring Earth s Interior Crust Mantle Outer Core Crust-to-Mantle Inner Core Cross Section From Surface to Center SCIENCE EXPLORER Focus on Earth Science Prentice-Hall, Inc. 2 Evidence for Continental
Volcanoes Around the Globe
Volcanoes Around the Globe Volcanoes fed by relatively silica-rich (SiO 2 -rich) magmas tend to explode while those fed by silica-poor magmas usually erupt gently. Where are the explosive volcanoes and
Unit 6 Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Unit 6 Earthquakes and Volcanoes Earthquakes and Volcanoes: Essential Questions What evidence can students observe that the Earth is changing? How do scientists know what s inside the Earth? What processes
Plate Tectonics Practice Questions and Answers Revised August 2007
Plate Tectonics Practice Questions and Answers Revised August 2007 1. Please fill in the missing labels. 2. Please fill in the missing labels. 3. How many large plates form the outer shell of the earth?
4. Plate Tectonics II (p. 46-67)
4. Plate Tectonics II (p. 46-67) Seafloor Spreading In the early 1960s, samples of basaltic ocean crust were dredged up from various locations across the ocean basins. The samples were then analyzed to
DYNAMIC CRUST: Unit 4 Exam Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes
DYNAMIC CRUST: Unit 4 Exam Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes NAME: BLOCK: DATE: 1. Base your answer to the following question on The block diagram below shows the boundary between two tectonic plates. Which
Transform Boundaries
Lecture 7 Plates and Mantle Plumes Transform Boundaries Transform boundaries occur where one segment of rigid lithosphere slides horizontally past another in response to stresses in the lithosphere. The
Fourth Grade Geology: The Earth and Its Changes Assessment
Fourth Grade Geology: The Earth and Its Changes Assessment 1a. What is the center layer of the Earth called? a. crust b. core c. mantle d. middle 1b. Label each layer of the Earth. 1c. What are the Earth
Lava Flows. Most lava flows are basaltic in composition. Basalt 90% Andesite 8% Dacite/Rhyolite 2%
Lava Flows Most lava flows are basaltic in composition Basalt 90% Andesite 8% Dacite/Rhyolite 2% This is because most silicic and intermediate magmas erupt explosively (higher gas content and viscocity)
Regents Questions: Plate Tectonics
Earth Science Regents Questions: Plate Tectonics Name: Date: Period: August 2013 Due Date: 17 Compared to the oceanic crust, the continental crust is (1) less dense and more basaltic (3) more dense and
There are numerous seams on the surface of the Earth
Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift There are numerous seams on the surface of the Earth Questions and Topics 1. What are the theories of Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift? 2. What is the evidence
GEOL1010 Hour Exam 1 Sample
GEOL1010 Hour Exam 1 Sample 1. The inner core of the Earth is composed of a) solid silicate b) liquid silicate magma c) liquid metal d) solid metal e) olivine. 2. The upper mantle of the Earth is composed
Inside Earth Chapter 3
Name Hour Due Date Inside Earth Chapter Page 1 Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics Page 2 Volcanic Activity Page - Mapping Earthquakes and Volcanoes Page 4 Mapping Earthquakes and Volcanoes table Page 5 - Mapping
Chapter Overview. Bathymetry. Measuring Bathymetry. Echo Sounding Record. Measuring Bathymetry. CHAPTER 3 Marine Provinces
Chapter Overview CHAPTER 3 Marine Provinces The study of bathymetry charts ocean depths and ocean floor topography. Echo sounding and satellites are efficient bathymetric tools. Most ocean floor features
Geol 101: Physical Geology Fall 2006 EXAM 1
Geol 101: Physical Geology Fall 2006 EXAM 1 Write your name out in full on the scantron form and fill in the corresponding ovals to spell out your name. Also fill in your student ID number in the space
TECTONICS ASSESSMENT
Tectonics Assessment / 1 TECTONICS ASSESSMENT 1. Movement along plate boundaries produces A. tides. B. fronts. C. hurricanes. D. earthquakes. 2. Which of the following is TRUE about the movement of continents?
FIRST GRADE VOLCANOES 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
FIRST GRADE VOLCANOES 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES PLATE TECTONIC CYCLE OVERVIEW OF FIRST GRADE VOLCANOES WEEK 1. PRE: Learning the shapes of volcanoes. LAB: Experimenting with "lava." POST: Comparing
FOURTH GRADE PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
FOURTH GRADE PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES PLATE TECTONIC CYCLE OVERVIEW OF FOURTH GRADE VOLCANOES WEEK 1. PRE: Comparing different structures of volcanoes. LAB: Modeling three types
Rocks and Plate Tectonics
Name: Class: _ Date: _ Rocks and Plate Tectonics Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What is a naturally occurring, solid mass of mineral or
Interactive Plate Tectonics
Interactive Plate Tectonics Directions: Go to the following website and complete the questions below. http://www.learner.org/interactives/dynamicearth/index.html How do scientists learn about the interior
Plate Tectonics Lab Assignment
Plate Tectonics Lab Assignment After reading the introduction to the Plate Tectonics exercises in the lab manual, complete the questions on a hard copy of this Lab Assignment. When finished, transfer your
Georgia Performance Standards Framework for Science Grade 6. Unit Organizer: Geology: Inside the Earth (Approximate Time: 7 Weeks)
The following instructional plan is part of a GaDOE collection of Unit Frameworks, Performance Tasks, examples of Student Work, and Teacher Commentary. Many more GaDOE approved instructional plans are
Learn more at www.pbs.org/nature
Lesson Title: Vibrant Volcanoes Grade level: 2 4 Topic/Subject Matter: Earth Science Time Allotment:1-2 class periods Overview This lesson will introduce elementary students to the fiery and explosive
P1: Rock identification (I)
P1: Rock identification (I) Examine the rocks specimens provided with the aid of these notes. All the rocks come from Ireland, as detailed on the attached map. Answer the short question on each specimen
IGNEOUS ROCKS. Teacher Guide including Lesson Plans, Student Readers, and More Information
IGNEOUS ROCKS Teacher Guide including Lesson Plans, Student Readers, and More Information Lesson 1 - Rock Cycle Lesson 2 - Formation of Igneous Rocks Lesson 3 - Classification of Igneous Rocks Lesson 4
SECOND GRADE VOLCANOES 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
SECOND GRADE VOLCANOES 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES PLATE TECTONIC CYCLE OVERVIEW OF SECOND GRADE VOLCANOES WEEK 1. PRE: Investigating the parts of a volcano. LAB: Comparing the parts of a volcano
Hot Spots & Plate Tectonics
Hot Spots & Plate Tectonics Activity I: Hawaiian Islands Procedures: Use the map and the following information to determine the rate of motion of the Pacific Plate over the Hawaiian hot spot. The volcano
Chapter 2. Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics: Learning Goals
Plate Tectonics Chapter 2 Interactions at depend on the direction of relative plate motion and the type of crust. Which kind of plate boundary is associated with Earthquake activity? A. Divergent Boundary
Plate tectonics states that the Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into sections, called plates.
Notes on Plate Tectonics Plate tectonics states that the Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into sections, called plates. These plates move around the mantle. Plates are composed of the crust and
Volcanoes Erupt Grade 6
TEACHING LEARNING COLLABORATIVE (TLC) EARTH SCIENCE Volcanoes Erupt Grade 6 Created by: Debra McKey (Mountain Vista Middle School); Valerie Duncan (Upper Lake Middle School); and Lynn Chick (Coyote Valley
C1 - Rocks and Magmas
C1 - Rocks and Magmas A rock is defined as a consolidated mixture of minerals. By consolidated we mean hard and solid. A mixture of minerals implies the presence of more than one mineral grain, but not
VOLCANOES Mountains of Fire
VOLCANOES Mountains of Fire Educational Video 24 Minutes Copyright, MCMXCV, Rainbow Educational Media, Inc. Distributed by: United Learning 1560 Sherman Ave., Suite 100 Evanston, IL. 60201 1-800-323-9084
Unit Plan: Plate Tectonics Shannon B. Carpenter TE 804 1/25/02
Unit Plan: Plate Tectonics Shannon B. Carpenter TE 804 1/25/02 This unit plan is intended to cover about seven weeks and would be appropriate for a middle school general science class or an introductory
Plate Tectonics Chapter 2
Plate Tectonics Chapter 2 Does not include complete lecture notes. Continental drift: An idea before its time Alfred Wegener First proposed his continental drift hypothesis in 1915 Published The Origin
Magma Composition and Igneous Rocks By Dr. James Brophy, Indiana University
Magma Composition and Igneous Rocks By Dr. James Brophy, Indiana University Introduction In the following chapters we will find that nearly all of the varied aspects of volcanism are either directly or
Foundations of Earth Science (Lutgens and Tarbuck, 5 th edition, 2008)
EAS 100 Study Guide to Textbook Foundations of Earth Science (Lutgens and Tarbuck, 5 th edition, 2008) STUDY GUIDE 1/08 The textbook for EAS 100, Foundations of Earth Science, by Lutgens and Tarbuck is
Modeling Volcanic Eruptions
Modeling Volcanic Eruptions New Mexico Adventures in Supercomputing Challenge Final Report April 6, 2005 Team 052 Rio Rancho Mid-High School Team Members John Bell Nick Vigil Teacher Sponsor Debra Loftin
The hazards - and benefits - of volcanic eruptions on oceanic islands. Kathy Cashman University of Oregon
The hazards - and benefits - of volcanic eruptions on oceanic islands Kathy Cashman University of Oregon Ash Lava Volcanic eruptions I. Eruption styles/hazards - Explosive eruptions Magmatic Phreatomagmatic
Foundations of Earth Science (Lutgens and Tarbuck, 6 th edition, 2011)
EAS 100 Study Guide to Textbook Foundations of Earth Science (Lutgens and Tarbuck, 6 th edition, 2011) STUDY GUIDE 8/2010 The textbook for EAS 100, Foundations of Earth Science, by Lutgens and Tarbuck
Lynn S. Fichter Department of Geology/Environmental Science James Madison University Fall, 2005
Lynn S. Fichter Department of Geology/Environmental Science James Madison University Fall, 2005 P 93 Lynn S. Fichter Department of Geology/Environmental Science James Madison University Fall, 2004 Version
6.E.2.2 Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Name: Date: 1. The road shown below was suddenly broken by a natural event. 3. The convergence of two continental plates would produce Which natural event most likely caused the crack in the road? island
1. You are about to begin a unit on geology. Can anyone tell me what geology is? The study of the physical earth I.
PLATE TECTONICS ACTIVITY The purpose of this lab is to introduce the concept of plate tectonics and the formation of mountains. Students will discuss the properties of the earth s crust and plate tectonics.
Plate Tectonics. Earth, 9 th edition Chapter 2
1 Plate Tectonics Earth, 9 th edition Chapter 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Plate Tectonics: summary in haiku form Alfred Wegener gave us Continental Drift. Fifty years later... Continental Drift
Volcanoes Volcanic eruptions are caused by magma reaching Earth s surface.
Volcanoes Volcanic eruptions are caused by magma reaching Earth s surface. SECTION 1 Volcanoes and Earth s Moving Plates Main Idea Most volcanic activity occurs along plate boundaries and at locations
Geology 200 Getting Started...
Geology 200 Getting Started... Name This handout should be completed and become a part of your Notebook for this course. This handout is intended to be a review of some important ideas from your introductory
Chapter 8: Plate Tectonics -- Multi-format Test
Name: Class: Date: ID: A Chapter 8: Plate Tectonics -- Multi-format Test Modified True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
1. The diagram below shows a cross section of sedimentary rock layers.
1. The diagram below shows a cross section of sedimentary rock layers. Which statement about the deposition of the sediments best explains why these layers have the curved shape shown? 1) Sediments were
Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 305 INTRODUCTION TO ROCKS AND THE ROCK CYCLE
DATE DUE: Name: Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 305 INTRODUCTION TO ROCKS AND THE ROCK CYCLE Instructions: Read each question carefully before selecting the BEST answer Provide specific and detailed
PLATE TECTONICS EXERCISE (Modified from North Seattle Community College online exercise)
PLATE TECTONICS EXERCISE (Modified from North Seattle Community College online exercise) Introduction: As discussed in our textbook, the speed at which tectonic plates move has been calculated in several
Name: Rocks & Minerals 1 Mark Place, www.learnearthscience.com
Name: Rocks & Minerals 1 KEY CONCEPT #1: What is a mineral? It is a, substance which has a What would be the opposite of this? KEY CONCEPT #2: What causes minerals to have different physical properties?
The Dynamic Crust 2) EVIDENCE FOR CRUSTAL MOVEMENT
The Dynamic Crust 1) Virtually everything you need to know about the interior of the earth can be found on page 10 of your reference tables. Take the time to become familiar with page 10 and everything
Some Processes that Change the Earth s Surface
PART ONE Some Processes that Change the Earth s Surface Science standards To prepare students to understand the Essential Academic Learning Requirements (EALRs) introduced at middle school, this series
Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 305 INTRODUCTION TO ROCKS AND THE ROCK CYCLE
DATE DUE: Name: Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 305 INTRODUCTION TO ROCKS AND THE ROCK CYCLE Instructions: Read each question carefully before selecting the BEST answer Provide specific and detailed
Rocks & Minerals 1 Mark Place, www.learnearthscience.com
Name: KEY Rocks & Minerals 1 KEY CONCEPT #1: What is a mineral? It is a naturally occurring, inorganic substance which has a definite chemical composition What would be the opposite of this? man-made,
What do you imagine about the nature
CHAPTER INTERIOR OF THE EARTH What do you imagine about the nature of the earth? Do you imagine it to be a solid ball like cricket ball or a hollow ball with a thick cover of rocks i.e. lithosphere? Have
Assignment #3: Plate Tectonics
Assignment #3: Plate Tectonics Overview: In this assignment we will examine the ideas of continental drift and of sea-floor spreading that lead to the Theory of Plate Tectonics. This assignment is in two
Tectonic plates have different boundaries.
KEY CONCEPT Plates move apart. BEFORE, you learned The continents join and break apart The sea floor provides evidence that tectonic plates move The theory of plate tectonics helps explain how the plates
Earth Science Chapter 14 Section 2 Review
Name: Class: Date: Earth Science Chapter 14 Section Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following is NOT one of the three
Rapid Changes in Earth s Surface
TEKS investigate rapid changes in Earth s surface such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and landslides Rapid Changes in Earth s Surface Constant Changes Earth s surface is constantly changing. Wind,
Lesson 13: Plate Tectonics I
Standards Addressed Lesson 13: Plate Tectonics I Overview Lesson 13 introduces students to geological oceanography by presenting the basic structure of the Earth and the properties of Earth s primary layers.
Overlapping rifts in southern Iceland QUEST field trips: 15 and 17 July 2011 Freysteinn Sigmundsson (fs@hi.is)
Overlapping rifts in southern Iceland QUEST field trips: 15 and 17 July 2011 Freysteinn Sigmundsson (fs@hi.is) The geological map of Iceland gives an excellent overview. The plate boundary is broken up
Rocks & Minerals. 10. Which rock type is most likely to be monomineralic? 1) rock salt 3) basalt 2) rhyolite 4) conglomerate
1. Of the Earth's more than 2,000 identified minerals, only a small number are commonly found in rocks. This fact indicates that most 1) minerals weather before they can be identified 2) minerals have
Earth Science Grade 4 Minerals
Earth Science Grade 4 Minerals Standards: Identifies the physical properties of minerals Teacher Background Minerals are pure substances and mix together to make rocks. Rocks have a cycle and different
What is a rock? How are rocks classified? What does the texture of a rock reveal about how it was formed?
CHAPTER 4 1 The Rock Cycle SECTION Rocks: Mineral Mixtures BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is a rock? How are rocks classified? What does
Tectonic plates push together at convergent boundaries.
KEY CONCEPT Plates converge or scrape past each other. BEFORE, you learned Plates move apart at divergent boundaries In the oceans, divergent boundaries mark where the sea floor spreads apart On land,
3.9 GEOLOGY, SOILS, AND SEISMICITY
3.9 GEOLOGY, SOILS, AND SEISMICITY The Hawaiian Islands formed as the Pacific Plate moved over a relatively permanent hot spot in the mantle beneath the plate. The long chain of islands that stretch for
Volcanism in Iceland Fig. 59
Volcanism in Iceland Iceland has a high concentration of active volcanoes due to its unique geological origin. There are about 130 mountains of volcanic origin, 18 of which have erupted since the colonization
BOWEN'S REACTION SERIES
BOWEN'S REACTION SERIES Purpose John J. Thomas Frequently, people cannot visualize the mineral associations that form the sequences of igneous rocks that you find in the earth's crust and what happens
Plate Tectonics: Big Ideas. Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics. The unifying concept of the Earth sciences.
Plate Tectonics: Big Ideas Our understanding of Earth is continuously refined. Earth s systems are dynamic; they continually react to changing influences from geological, hydrological, physical, chemical,
IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY & METAMORPHIC ROCKS
IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY & METAMORPHIC ROCKS the appearance of a rock is determined by its mineralogy and its texture (Gefüge) mineralogy relative proportions of the different minerals texture size and shape
The Geologic History of the Long Valley Caldera and the Landforms Created Within
The Geologic History of the Long Valley Caldera and the Landforms Created Within Abstract The Long Valley caldera eruption was a major explosion which resulted in the destruction of a wide area, along
ES Chapter 10 Review. Name: Class: Date: Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Name: Class: Date: ES Chapter 10 Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Scientists used the pattern of alternating normal and reversed
Plate Tectonics Visual Glossary and Atlas How to use this app in your classroom
Plate Tectonics Visual Glossary and Atlas How to use this app in your classroom In addition to providing a comprehensive list of terms, definitions, illustrations, and animations related to plate tectonics,
Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics The unifying concept of the Earth sciences. Continental Drift
Plate Tectonics The unifying concept of the Earth sciences. The outer portion of the Earth is made up of about 20 distinct plates (~ 100 km thick), which move relative to each other This motion is what
Student Exploration: Plate Tectonics
Name: Date: Student Exploration: Plate Tectonics Vocabulary: collisional boundary, convergent boundary, crust, divergent boundary, earthquake, lithosphere, mantle, plate, plate tectonics, transform boundary,
PROCESSES OF MAGMA EVOLUTION AND MAGMATIC SUITES
PROCESSES OF MAGMA EVOLUTION AND MAGMATIC SUITES Gerhard Wörner University of Göttingen, Germany Keywords: magma formation, melting, magma types, magma chamber, crystallization, chemical differentiation,
Rocks and Minerals Multiple Choice
Rocks and Minerals Multiple Choice 1. The basaltic bedrock of the oceanic crust is classified as (1) felsic, with a density of 2.7 g/cm3 (2) felsic, with a density of 3.0 g/cm3 (3) mafic, with a density
Continental Drift, Sea Floor Spreading and Plate Tectonics
Page 1 of 13 EENS 1110 Tulane University Physical Geology Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Continental Drift, Sea Floor Spreading and Plate Tectonics This page last updated on 26-Aug-2015 Plate Tectonics is a theory