IEA Task September 2011, Istanbul TURKEY

Transcription

1 IEA Task September 2011, Istanbul TURKEY Prof. Dr. İnci Eroğlu Prof. Dr. Meral Yücel Dr. Yavuz Öztürk Middle East Technical University Department of Chemical Engineering Department of Biological Sciences TUBİTAK Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute

2 Biological Production of Hydrogen Activities of TURKEY Projects and Budgets 1. TUBITAK-108T455. ( ) The effect of heat and cold stress on the hydrogen production metabolism of Rhodobacter capsulatus Coordinator: Prof. Dr. Meral Yücel, METU, Partner: TUBITAK RIGEB Dr. Yavuz Öztürk. Budget: k TUBITAK ( ) Improving Biohydrogen production by Novel Immobilization techniques. (ÇAYDAG) Budget: TL Coordinator: Prof.Dr. Nuri Azbar, Ege University, Bioengineering Department, İzmir.

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4 BioHydrogen Production from Biomass Biohydrogen from waste ground wheat (9 EYLUL UNIV. Prof Fikret Kargı) a) Hydrogen production from ground wheat waste solution on sequential and combined dark and light fermentations was investigated. b) Mixed or pure cultures of dark fermentative bacteria (Clostridium and Enterobacter species) and an anaerobic sludge were tested in dark fermentation. Pure and mixed cultures of Rhodobacter species were tested for photofermentation. c) A novel Annular Hybrid Bioreactor was designed to investigate the hydrogen gas production from waste ground wheat starch. Effect of hydrolic residence time on hydrogen yield and formation rate were investigated

5 Bio-hydrogen production from acid hydrolyzed waste ground wheat by dark fermentation Original International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 16 August 2011 Rana Sagnak, Fikret Kargi, Ilgi K. Kapdan Hydrogen gas production from acid hydrolyzed wheat starch by combined dark and photofermentation with periodic feeding Original Research Article International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 36, Issue 17, August 2011, Pages Rana Sagnak, Fikret Kargi Bio-hydrogen production by different operational modes of dark and photo-fermentation: An overview Review Article International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 36, Issue 13, July 2011, Pages Hidayet Argun, Fikret Kargi Electrohydrolysis of landfill leachate organics for hydrogen gas production and COD removal Original Research Article International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 36, Issue 14, July 2011, Pages Fikret Kargi, Ebru C. Catalkaya Dark fermentative bio-hydrogen production from waste wheat starch using co-culture with periodic feeding: Effects of substrate loading rate Original Research Article International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 36, Issue 12, June 2011, Pages Serpil Ozmihci, Fikret Kargi

6 BioHydrogen Production from Biomass Two stage Biohydrogen production from cheese whey wastewater (EGE UNIV, Izmir Prof Nuri Azbar) a. First Stage thermophilic dark fermentation b. Second stage photofermentation using Rhodopseudomonas palutris from effluent dark fermentation. Dilution and cosubstrate addition ( ie. apple juice) increased the overall hydrogen product yield. Comparative analysis of thermophilic immobilized biohydrogen production using packed materials of ceramic ring and pumice stone"tugba Keskin, Elif Aksöyek, Nuri Azbar* Ege University, Bioengineering Department, Bornova Izmir, Turkey, i n t e rna t i o n a l journa l o f hydrogen energy xxx ( )

7 Genetics and Strain Improvement Improving the hydrogen production capacity of Rhodobacter capsulatus by genetically modifying electron transfer chain and redox balancing pathways ( TÜBİTAK-MAM GEBI Dr. Yavuz Öztürk) The relationship between the ETC, redox balancing system and hydrogen metabolism was analysed by using various mutant strains deficient in electron carrier cytochromes, terminal oxidases, uptake hydrogenase, phosphoribulokinase and in their various combinations. Hydrogen production properties of Rhodobacter capsulatus with genetically modified redox balancing pathways Original Research Article International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 20 July 2011 Yavuz Öztürk, Abdulmecit Gökçe, Begüm Peksel, Muazzez Gürgan, Ebru Özgür, Ufuk Gündüz, İnci Eroğlu, Meral Yücel

8 Generation of heat adopted strains through evolutionary engineering Natural phenotype Step 1 Genetic Diversity Generated by Mutagen Step 2 Selection Desired Phenotype (Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS)) Two mutant strains which could grow at 42 C were analysed B41 mutant strain produced 11.7% more hydrogen A52 strain produced 11.2% less hydrogen Mecit Gökçe. Ms thesis dissertation 2011.

9 Characterization of the photoheterotrophically competent ammonium insensitive revertants of the CBB - strains Cyclic electron transfer hv c 2 Hydrogen Oxidation H 2 H + BP ammonium (5mM) MT1131 YO7 (Hup, CBB ) Periplasm c y UQ RC Cytbc 1 UQH 2 UQ UQH 2 Hup Cytoplasm Fd CO 2 [CH 2 O] Calvin Benson Bassham (CBB) Pathway Carbon Fixation H + + N 2 H 2 + NH 3 Nitrogenase Nitrogen Fixation YO7 R5 YO7 R3 : Wild type MT1131; : YO7; : YO7-R3 - In revertants, nitrogenase system is derepressed to overcome the redox poising by H 2 production

10 Hydrogen production of the ammonium insensitive Revtant (YO7-R3) in the presence of ammonia : Wild type MT1131; : YO7; : YO7-R3 Ammonium insensitive revertant (YO7-R3) strain produces comparable amount of hydrogen in the presence of nitrogenase repressing ammonium medium (5mM) in spite that the other strains in this medium cannot produce hydrogen.

11 Nature of the revertion nifa1 nifa2 NH 4 + NifA1 GlnB/GlnK Transcriptional activators NifA1 NifA2 NH 4 + Ammonium addition NifA2 GlnB/GlnK Inactive NH NifA2 GlnB/GlnK Active in revertant nifhdk Domain structure of NifA2 and the position of point mutation N-Terminal QL Central IDL C-Term A35V GCG---GTG ATP binding sequence Helix-turn-helix

12 METU Photobioreactor Studies Continuous hydrogen production on dark fermenter effluent of thick juice was investigated in outdoor operated pilot tubular photobioreactor with internal cooling coils. Androga DD, Özgür E, Yücel M, Gündüz U, Eroglu I. Factors affecting the longterm stability of biomass and hydrogen productivity in outdoor photofermentation. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2011; 36(17):

13 BioHydrogen Production from Biomass Biohydrogen from dark fermenter effluents (METU) Biohydrogen production by photosynthetic PNS bacteria on thermophilic dark fermenter effluents. Avcıoğlu SG, Özgür E, Eroglu I, Yücel M, Gündüz U. Biohydrogen production in an outdoor panel photobioreactor on dark fermentation effluent of molasses. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2011; 36(17): Özkan E, Uyar B, Özgür E, Yücel M, Eroglu I, Gündüz U. Photofermentative hydrogen production using dark fermentation effluent of sugar beet thick juice in outdoor conditions. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy; doi: /j.ijhydene Afşar N, Özgür E, Gürgan M, Akkös S, Yücel M, Gündüz U, Eroglu I. Hydrogen productivity of photosynthetic bacteria on dark fermenter effluent of potato steam peels hydrolysate. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2011; 36(1):

14 Immobilization Hydrogen production capacity of two different Rhodobacter capsulatus strains have been tested in agar-immobilized systems with varying concentration of acetate as sole carbon source Immobilized photosynthetic bacteria permit hydrogen production for longer period of time (from 420 h to 1420 h). ph stay stable between Kemal El-Kahlout PhD thesis disertation 2011.

15 FUTURE ASPECTS Immobilization of PNS Bacteria Cocultivation of PNS Bacteria Microarray and Proteomics studies for understanding of Hydrogen and Acetate Metabolism of PNS Bacteria Long Term Stability in Photofermentative Hydrogen Production in Tubular Photobioreactors

16 METU RESEARCH GROUP Prof. Dr. İnci Eroğlu (Dept. Of Chemical Engineering) Prof. Dr. Meral Yücel (Dept. Of Biological Sciences) Prof. Dr. Ufuk Gündüz (Dept. Of Biological Sciences) Dr. Ebru Özgür Dr. Basar Uyar Dr. Yavuz Öztürk PhD Students Kemal El-Kahlout Nilüfer Afşar Dominic Deo Androga Master students Pelin Sevinç Gülşah Pekgöz Efe Boran Gökçe Avcıoğlu Muazzez Gürgan Begüm Peksel Burcu Özsoy Emrah Sağır

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18 Photoheterotrophic growth and Redox Balancing Systems Cyclic electron transfer Hydrogen Oxidation Periplasm hv cyt c 2 cyt c y H 2 H + DMSO DMS DMSO R Reaction Centre UQ cyt bc 1 UQ RegB Hup UQ UQH 2 UQH 2 UQH 2 ~P - Oxidatin of Malate/Succinate Fd A H + + N 2 Nitrogenase H 2 + NH 3 Nitrogen Fixation Reg + RegA ~P + Calvin- Benson-Bassham (CBB) Pathway Carbon Fixation CO 2 [CH 2 O]

19 References Afşar N, Özgür E, Gürgan M, de Vrije T, Yücel M, Gündüz U, Eroğlu I. Hydrogen production by R. capsulatus on dark fermenter effluent of potato steam peel hydrolysate. Chemical Engineering Transactions 2009;18: Akköse, S, Gündüz U, Yücel M, Eroglu I. Effects of ammonium ion, acetate and aerobic conditions on hydrogen production and expression levels of nitrogenase genes in Rhodobacter sphaeroides O.U.001. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009; 34(21): Argun H, Kargi F. Effects of light source, intensity and lighting regime on bio-hydrogen production from ground what starch by combined dark and photo-fermentations. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2010a;35: Argun H, Kargi F. Photo-fermentative hydrogen gas production from dark fermentation effluent of ground wheat solution: Effects of light source and light intensity. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2010b; 35: Argun H, Kargi, F, Kapdan IK. Effects of the substrate and cell concentrations on biohydrogen production from ground wheat by combined dark and light fermentations. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2009; 34: Azbar N, Dokgoz FTC, Keskin, T. Continuous fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey wastewater under thermophilic anaerobic conditions. Presented in Conference : International Workshop on Biohydrogen Production Technology, FEB 07-09, 2008 Kharagpur, INDIA. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009;34(17):

20 References Azbar N, Dokgoz FTC, Peker Z. Optimization of basal medium for fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey wastewater. International Journal of Green Energy, 2009;6(4): Azbar N, Dokgoz FT, Keskin T (2009). Comparative Evaluation of Bio-Hydrogen Production From Cheese Whey Wastewater Under Thermophilic and Mesophilic Anaerobic Conditions. International Journal of Green Energy. 2009;6(2): Boran E, Ozgur E, Gebicki J, van der Burg J, Yucel M, Gunduz U, Modigell M, Eroglu I. Investigation of influencing factors for biological hydrogen production by R. capsulatus in tubular photo-bioreactors. Chemical Engineering Transactions 2009; 18: Eroğlu E, Eroglu I, Gündüz U, Yücel M. Comparison of physicochemical characteristics and photofermentative hydrogen production potential of wastewaters produced from different olive oil mills in Western-Anatolia, Turkey. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2009a;33: Eroğlu E, Eroğlu I, Gündüz U, Yücel M. Treatment of olive mill wastewater by different physicochemical methods and utilization of their liquid effluents for biological hydrogen production. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2009b;33: Kargi F, Ozmihci S. Effects of dark/light bacteria ratio on bio-hydrogen production by combined fed-batch fermentation of ground wheat starch. Biomass and Bioenergy. doi /j.biombioe b. Kars G., Gündüz U., Yücel M., Rakhely G., Kovacs K., Eroğlu I. Evaluation of hydrogen production by Rhodobacter sphaeroides O.U.001 and its hupsl deficient mutant using acetate and malate as carbon sources. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009; 34(5):

21 References Özgür E, Mars AE, Peksel B, Louwerse A, Yücel M, Gündüz U, Claassen PAM, Eroglu I. Biohydrogen production from beet molasses by sequential dark and photofermentation. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2010a;35: Özgür E, Uyar B, Öztürk Y, Yücel M, Gündüz U, Eroglu I. Biohydrogen production by Rhodobacter capsulatus on acetate at fluctuating temperatures. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2010b;54: Ozmihci S, Kargi F. Comparison of different mixed cultures for bio-hydrogen production from ground wheat starch by combined dark and light fermentation. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. DOI /s a. Ozmihci S, Kargi F. Effects of starch loading rate on performance of combined fed-batch fermentation of ground wheat for bio-hydrogen production. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2010; 35: Uyar B, Eroglu I, Yücel M, Gündüz U. Photofermentative hydrogen production from volatile fatty acids present in dark fermentation effluents. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009; 34(10):

22 "Özgün Immobilizasyon Yöntemleri ile Fotofermentatif Biyohidrojen Üretiminin Iyilestirilmesi" (ÇAYDAG) hızlı destek projesi TL Nuri Azbar "Comparative analysis of thermophilic immobilized biohydrogen production using packed materials of ceramic ring and pumice stone"tugba Keskin, Elif Aksöyek, Nuri Azbar* Ege University, Bioengineering Department, Bornova-Izmir, Turkey, i n t e rna t i o n a l journa l o f hydrogen energy xxx ( ) 1 e8

23 Biological Production of Hydrogen Activities of TURKEY 1. EU 6 th Frame Program Integrated Project: HYVOLUTION 22 partners, 11 EU countries, South Africa and Russia. Budget 9 million (620 k for Turkey) ( ): Completed Netherlands (Coordinator: Pieternel Claassen, A&F) Photofermentation (WP3):Coordinator: İnci Eroğlu, Turkey (METU) Tasks (i) Physiology and biochemistry of photoheterotrophic bacteria (ii) Process technology and photobioreactor design (iii) Proteomics and genomics of photoheterotrophic bacteria (iv) Design, construction and operation of prototype photobioreactor.