Earth s Interior: Structure, Composition, and Temperature
|
|
|
- Joella Boyd
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Course Outline Introduction: Course Objectives, Outline, Geology Basics Earth s Interior: Composition and Plate Tectonic Impact Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift: Theory, Data, Mechanisms Tectonic Hazards: Types, Origins, Prediction Earthquakes Tsunami Volcanoes
2 How does Earth s Interior Influence Plate Tectonics? Heat transfer in Earth responsible for plate tectonics (mantle convection) Temperature profile Earth controls thickness of plates Earth s changing heat budget affected type of plate tectonics through time OUTLINE Earth Composition Chemical and Physical Layering of Earth Earth s Heat Flow and Impact on Plate Tectonics
3 EARTH COMPOSITION, EVOLUTION AND DIFFERENTIATION 1
4 EARTH COMPOSITION, EVOLUTION AND DIFFERENTIATION Oceans % by Mass N 78 O 21 Ar 1 Atmosphere % by Mass O 87 H 10 Cl 2 Na 1
5 CRUST = less dense silicate rocks (Si, O- based) = 2.8 g/cc CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF EARTH MANTLE = dense silicate rocks = 3.3 g/cc CORE = Iron-Nickel Metal >10g/cc crust mantle core >10 g/cc
6 CHEMICAL EARTH: COMPARING CONTINENTAL AND OCEANIC CRUST, AND MANTLE OCEANIC CRUST: dark silicate rocks (basalt) (5-10km thick, 2.9g/cc) CHEMICAL EARTH Crust and Upper mantle CONTINENTAL CRUST: light granite (25-70 km thick, 2.7 g/cc) MANTLE : peridotite: dark rock of olivine and pyroxene, 3.3 g/cc
7 CHEMICAL EARTH: COMPARING CONTINENTAL AND OCEANIC CRUST, AND MANTLE OCEANIC CRUST: dark silicate rocks (basalt) (5-10km thick, 2.9g/cc) CHEMICAL EARTH Crust and Upper mantle CONTINENTAL CRUST: light granite (25-70 km thick, 2.7 g/cc) MANTLE : peridotite: dark rock of olivine and pyroxene, 3.3 g/cc
8 COMPARING CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL EARTH OCEANIC CRUST: dark silicate rocks (basalt) (5-10km thick, 2.9g/cc) CHEMICAL EARTH Crust and Upper mantle PHYSICAL EARTH Lithosphere plate (crust+upper mantle) Asthenosphere (Upper mantle) CONTINENTAL CRUST: light granite (25-70 km thick, 2.7 g/cc) MANTLE : peridotite: dark rock of olivine and pyroxene, 3.3 g/cc Base of Plate
9 PHYSICAL EARTH LAYERS: LITHOSPHERE = rigid outer plate ASTHENOSPHERE = hot, weak rock near melting point in convection OUTER CORE = liquid Fe Ni INNER CORE = solid Fe Ni Earth s Interior: Structure, Composition, and Temperature PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF EARTH Lithosphere is composed of rigid, brittle rocks floating on hot, weak asthenosphere Asthenosphere deforms plastically near melting point Driving forces plate tectonics: mantle convection, ridge push, slab pull
10 WHAT CONTROLS THE LITHOSPHERE/ ASTHENOSPHERE BOUNDARY? TEMPERATURE PLATE WEAK LAYER Lithosphere/asthenosphere boundary = 1300 C isotherm where olivine (primary mineral in mantle) flows (deforms viscously through plastic deformation) In contrast, Lithosphere deforms elastically through brittle failure (ruptures or breaks) lithospheric plates ride on weak asthenosphere; key to plate tectonics T controlled
11 EARTH TEMPERATURE AND PLATE TECTONICS; MELTING ZONES Geotherm Earth T profile Melting curve for Earth materials S S L L Earth ~ C at center Melting zones at base lithosphere and outer core liquid zones Upper mantle melting zone asthenosphere Outer core melting zone liquid iron responsible for Earth s magnetic field Inner core and most of the mantle solid S L
12 EARTH TEMPERATURE AND PLATE TECTONICS; WHAT IS SOURCE OF EARTH S HEAT? Earth s Internal Heat Sources Residual heat from planetary accretion (estimated 40%) heat of impact and compression due to meteorites heat released by differentiation; gravity settling of heavier metals heat released as liquid outer core crystallizes to solid metal inner core Heat from radioactive decay unstable isotopes (estimated 60%) Present-day major heat-producing isotopes[10] Isotope Heat release [W/kg isotope] Half-life [years] Mean mantle concentration [kg isotope/kg mantle] Heat release [W/kg mantle] 238 U U Th K heat generated by solid Earth tidal forces of Sun, moon, etc
13 EARTH TEMPERATURE AND PLATE TECTONICS; WHAT IS HISTORY OF EARTH S HEAT FLOW? Thin, multiple, lithospheric plates ride on mantle asthenosphere Single plate, thick as mantle, with magma conduits transfer heat vertically Heat of Accretion and short-lived isotopes leads to early molten Earth Earth s heat is replenished by radioactive decay at a rate of 3.0 x watts Radioactive isotopes deplete over time so the Earth will eventually cool off internally
14 EARTH TEMPERATURE; WHAT IS RELATION OF HEAT FLOW AND PLATE BOUNDARIES? Highest heat flow at divergent boundary in mid-ocean ridges caused by mantle upwelling Low heat flow in convergent plate boundary subduction zones (oceanic trenches) High heat flow in convergent boundary volcanic arcs EARTH S HEAT FLOW
15 OUTLINE Earth Composition Chemical and Physical Layering of Earth Earth Heat Flow and Impact on Plate Tectonics SUMMARY: How does Earth s Interior Influence Plate Tectonics? Heat transfer in Earth responsible for plate tectonics; convection Temperature profile Earth controls thickness of plates Source of Earth s heat and its evolution controlled expression of plate tectonics through time
II. Earth Science (Geology) Section (9/18/2013)
EAPS 100 Planet Earth Lecture Topics Brief Outlines II. Earth Science (Geology) Section (9/18/2013) 1. Interior of the Earth Learning objectives: Understand the structure of the Earth s interior crust,
Plate tectonics states that the Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into sections, called plates.
Notes on Plate Tectonics Plate tectonics states that the Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into sections, called plates. These plates move around the mantle. Plates are composed of the crust and
Plate Tectonics Practice Questions and Answers Revised August 2007
Plate Tectonics Practice Questions and Answers Revised August 2007 1. Please fill in the missing labels. 2. Please fill in the missing labels. 3. How many large plates form the outer shell of the earth?
Georgia Performance Standards Framework for Science Grade 6. Unit Organizer: Geology: Inside the Earth (Approximate Time: 7 Weeks)
The following instructional plan is part of a GaDOE collection of Unit Frameworks, Performance Tasks, examples of Student Work, and Teacher Commentary. Many more GaDOE approved instructional plans are
DYNAMIC CRUST: Unit 4 Exam Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes
DYNAMIC CRUST: Unit 4 Exam Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes NAME: BLOCK: DATE: 1. Base your answer to the following question on The block diagram below shows the boundary between two tectonic plates. Which
Lecture 23: Terrestrial Worlds in Comparison. This lecture compares and contrasts the properties and evolution of the 5 main terrestrial bodies.
Lecture 23: Terrestrial Worlds in Comparison Astronomy 141 Winter 2012 This lecture compares and contrasts the properties and evolution of the 5 main terrestrial bodies. The small terrestrial planets have
SGL 101 MATERIALS OF THE EARTH Lecture 1 C.M.NYAMAI LECTURE 1. 1.0 ORIGIN, STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF THE EARTH
LECTURE 1. 1.0 ORIGIN, STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF THE EARTH 1.1 INTRODUCTION. Welcome to Lecture 1 of this unit. To start with, stop and look around you wherever you are. Take a look at all the things
4. Plate Tectonics II (p. 46-67)
4. Plate Tectonics II (p. 46-67) Seafloor Spreading In the early 1960s, samples of basaltic ocean crust were dredged up from various locations across the ocean basins. The samples were then analyzed to
Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics The unifying concept of the Earth sciences. Continental Drift
Plate Tectonics The unifying concept of the Earth sciences. The outer portion of the Earth is made up of about 20 distinct plates (~ 100 km thick), which move relative to each other This motion is what
Layers of the Earth s Interior
Layers of the Earth s Interior 1 Focus Question How is the Earth like an ogre? 2 Objectives Explain how geologists have learned about the interior of the Earth. Describe the layers of the Earth s interior.
[Geology Layers of the Earth] [Basic: Grade 2-3] [Advanced: Grade 5: Introduction to Plate Tectonics}
![[Geology Layers of the Earth] [Basic: Grade 2-3] [Advanced: Grade 5: Introduction to Plate Tectonics}](/thumbs/40/21755359.jpg "[Geology Layers of the Earth] [Basic: Grade 2-3] [Advanced: Grade 5: Introduction to Plate Tectonics}")
[Geology Layers of the Earth] [Basic: Grade 2-3] [Advanced: Grade 5: Introduction to Plate Tectonics} BACKGROUND Scientists and geologists have been able to do some drilling on Earth. They are also able
Plate Tectonics: Big Ideas. Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics. The unifying concept of the Earth sciences.
Plate Tectonics: Big Ideas Our understanding of Earth is continuously refined. Earth s systems are dynamic; they continually react to changing influences from geological, hydrological, physical, chemical,
FOURTH GRADE PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
FOURTH GRADE PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES PLATE TECTONIC CYCLE OVERVIEW OF FOURTH GRADE VOLCANOES WEEK 1. PRE: Comparing different structures of volcanoes. LAB: Modeling three types
Introduction and Origin of the Earth
Page 1 of 5 EENS 1110 Tulane University Physical Geology Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Introduction and Origin of the Earth This page last updated on 30-Jul-2015 Geology, What is it? Geology is the study of
ES Chapter 10 Review. Name: Class: Date: Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Name: Class: Date: ES Chapter 10 Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Scientists used the pattern of alternating normal and reversed
Rocks and Plate Tectonics
Name: Class: _ Date: _ Rocks and Plate Tectonics Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What is a naturally occurring, solid mass of mineral or
The Dynamic Crust 2) EVIDENCE FOR CRUSTAL MOVEMENT
The Dynamic Crust 1) Virtually everything you need to know about the interior of the earth can be found on page 10 of your reference tables. Take the time to become familiar with page 10 and everything
Plate Tectonics. Learning Guide. Pacific Plate. Pacific Ocean. Divergent boundaries
Plate Tectonics Learning Guide North American Plate Eurasian Plate Arabian Plate Pacific Plate Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Cocos Plate Nazca Plate South American Plate African Plate Convergent boundary
Name Score /225. (Make sure you identify each key concept by identifying the section [1.1, 1.2, etc.].]
![Name Score /225. (Make sure you identify each key concept by identifying the section [1.1, 1.2, etc.].]](/thumbs/40/21046969.jpg "Name Score /225. (Make sure you identify each key concept by identifying the section [1.1, 1.2, etc.].]")
Name Score /225 Changing Earth Chapter 1 Worksheet Before reading Chapter 1 (pages 9 37). On a separate sheet of paper, make two columns. Title the first column Before I Read. Title the second column After
SECOND GRADE PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
SECOND GRADE PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES PLATE TECTONIC CYCLE OVERVIEW OF SECOND GRADE VOLCANOES WEEK 1. PRE: Investigating the parts of a volcano. LAB: Comparing the parts of a
Georgia Performance Standards Framework for Shaky Ground 6 th Grade
The following instructional plan is part of a GaDOE collection of Unit Frameworks, Performance Tasks, examples of Student Work, and Teacher Commentary. Many more GaDOE approved instructional plans are
Interactive Plate Tectonics
Interactive Plate Tectonics Directions: Go to the following website and complete the questions below. http://www.learner.org/interactives/dynamicearth/index.html How do scientists learn about the interior
Name: Period: # Plate Tectonics. Journey to the center of the Earth
Plate Tectonics Journey to the center of the Earth Use pages 124 129 to answer the following questions. Exploring Inside Earth (p. 125-126) 1. What are the two main types of evidence that Geologist use
1. The diagram below shows a cross section of sedimentary rock layers.
1. The diagram below shows a cross section of sedimentary rock layers. Which statement about the deposition of the sediments best explains why these layers have the curved shape shown? 1) Sediments were
Study Guide Questions Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics
Study Guide Questions Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics What evidence did Alfred Wegener present in 1912 to support the idea of continental drift? Why did most geologists at the time dismiss Wegener
1 Exploring Earth s Interior
1 Exploring Earth s Interior Crust Mantle Outer Core Crust-to-Mantle Inner Core Cross Section From Surface to Center SCIENCE EXPLORER Focus on Earth Science Prentice-Hall, Inc. 2 Evidence for Continental
Unit 4 Lesson 2 Plate Tectonics. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Puzzling Evidence What evidence suggests that continents move? In the late 1800s, Alfred Wegener proposed his hypothesis of continental drift. According to this hypothesis, the continents once formed a
Igneous Rocks. Geology 200 Geology for Environmental Scientists
Igneous Rocks Geology 200 Geology for Environmental Scientists Magma Compositions Ultramafic - composition of mantle Mafic - composition of basalt, e.g. oceanic crust. 900-1200 o C, 50% SiO 2 Intermediate
Regents Questions: Plate Tectonics
Earth Science Regents Questions: Plate Tectonics Name: Date: Period: August 2013 Due Date: 17 Compared to the oceanic crust, the continental crust is (1) less dense and more basaltic (3) more dense and
Lesson 13: Plate Tectonics I
Standards Addressed Lesson 13: Plate Tectonics I Overview Lesson 13 introduces students to geological oceanography by presenting the basic structure of the Earth and the properties of Earth s primary layers.
Earth Materials: Intro to rocks & Igneous rocks. The three major categories of rocks Fig 3.1 Understanding Earth
Earth Materials: 1 The three major categories of rocks Fig 3.1 Understanding Earth 2 Intro to rocks & Igneous rocks Three main categories of rocks: Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic The most common minerals
FIFTH GRADE PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
FIFTH GRADE PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES PLATE TECTONIC CYCLE OVERVIEW OF FIFTH GRADE VOLCANOES WEEK 1. PRE: Exploring the rocks produced by volcanoes. LAB: Comparing igneous rocks.
Continental Drift. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Proposed that all of the continents were once part of a large supercontinent - Pangaea Based on:
Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift Continental Drift Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Proposed that all of the continents were once part of a large supercontinent - Pangaea Based on: Similarities in shorelines
6.E.2.2 Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Name: Date: 1. The road shown below was suddenly broken by a natural event. 3. The convergence of two continental plates would produce Which natural event most likely caused the crack in the road? island
Rocks & Minerals. 10. Which rock type is most likely to be monomineralic? 1) rock salt 3) basalt 2) rhyolite 4) conglomerate
1. Of the Earth's more than 2,000 identified minerals, only a small number are commonly found in rocks. This fact indicates that most 1) minerals weather before they can be identified 2) minerals have
Continental Drift, Sea Floor Spreading and Plate Tectonics
Page 1 of 13 EENS 1110 Tulane University Physical Geology Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Continental Drift, Sea Floor Spreading and Plate Tectonics This page last updated on 26-Aug-2015 Plate Tectonics is a theory
Geol 101: Physical Geology PAST EXAM QUESTIONS LECTURE 4: PLATE TECTONICS II
Geol 101: Physical Geology PAST EXAM QUESTIONS LECTURE 4: PLATE TECTONICS II 4. Which of the following statements about paleomagnetism at spreading ridges is FALSE? A. there is a clear pattern of paleomagnetic
Plate Tectonics. Introduction. Boundaries between crustal plates
Plate Tectonics KEY WORDS: continental drift, seafloor spreading, plate tectonics, mid ocean ridge (MOR) system, spreading center, rise, divergent plate boundary, subduction zone, convergent plate boundary,
The interior of the Earth is divided into layers based on chemical and physical properties.
Plate Tectonics Lecture Notes: Slide 1. Title Slide Slide 2. The interior of the Earth is divided into layers based on chemical and physical properties. The Earth has an outer silica-rich, solid crust,
Chapter 8: Plate Tectonics -- Multi-format Test
Name: Class: Date: ID: A Chapter 8: Plate Tectonics -- Multi-format Test Modified True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
Plate Tectonics Web-Quest
Plate Tectonics Web-Quest Part I: Earth s Structure. Use the following link to find these answers: http://www.learner.org/interactives/dynamicearth/structure.html 1. Label the layers of Earth in the diagram
Igneous Geochemistry. What is magma? What is polymerization? Average compositions (% by weight) and liquidus temperatures of different magmas
1 Igneous Geochemistry What is magma phases, compositions, properties Major igneous processes Making magma how and where Major-element variations Classification using a whole-rock analysis Fractional crystallization
Glossary. continental crust: the sections of crust, the outermost layer of the earth, that include the continents
aftershock: an earthquake that follows a larger earthquake or main shock and originates in or near the rupture zone of the larger earthquake. Generally, major earthquakes are followed by a number of aftershocks
Earth Egg Model Teacher Notes
Ancient Greeks tried to explain earthquakes and volcanic activity by saying that a massive bull lay underground and the land shook when it became angry. Modern theories rely on an understanding of what
1. You are about to begin a unit on geology. Can anyone tell me what geology is? The study of the physical earth I.
PLATE TECTONICS ACTIVITY The purpose of this lab is to introduce the concept of plate tectonics and the formation of mountains. Students will discuss the properties of the earth s crust and plate tectonics.
Plate Tectonics Lab. Continental Drift. The Birth of Plate Tectonics
Plate Tectonics Lab Continental Drift Take a look at a globe sometime and observe the remarkable fit between South America and Africa. Could they have, in fact, been connected? During the 19th and early
Foundations of Earth Science (Lutgens and Tarbuck, 6 th edition, 2011)
EAS 100 Study Guide to Textbook Foundations of Earth Science (Lutgens and Tarbuck, 6 th edition, 2011) STUDY GUIDE 8/2010 The textbook for EAS 100, Foundations of Earth Science, by Lutgens and Tarbuck
Plate Tectonics Chapter 2
Plate Tectonics Chapter 2 Does not include complete lecture notes. Continental drift: An idea before its time Alfred Wegener First proposed his continental drift hypothesis in 1915 Published The Origin
TECTONICS ASSESSMENT
Tectonics Assessment / 1 TECTONICS ASSESSMENT 1. Movement along plate boundaries produces A. tides. B. fronts. C. hurricanes. D. earthquakes. 2. Which of the following is TRUE about the movement of continents?
Volcanoes Erupt Grade 6
TEACHING LEARNING COLLABORATIVE (TLC) EARTH SCIENCE Volcanoes Erupt Grade 6 Created by: Debra McKey (Mountain Vista Middle School); Valerie Duncan (Upper Lake Middle School); and Lynn Chick (Coyote Valley
Foundations of Earth Science (Lutgens and Tarbuck, 5 th edition, 2008)
EAS 100 Study Guide to Textbook Foundations of Earth Science (Lutgens and Tarbuck, 5 th edition, 2008) STUDY GUIDE 1/08 The textbook for EAS 100, Foundations of Earth Science, by Lutgens and Tarbuck is
CHAPTER 6 THE TERRESTRIAL PLANETS
CHAPTER 6 THE TERRESTRIAL PLANETS MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following is NOT one of the four stages in the development of a terrestrial planet? 2. That Earth, evidence that Earth differentiated.
Section 1 The Earth System
Section 1 The Earth System Key Concept Earth is a complex system made up of many smaller systems through which matter and energy are continuously cycled. What You Will Learn Energy and matter flow through
How Did These Ocean Features and Continental Margins Form?
298 10.14 INVESTIGATION How Did These Ocean Features and Continental Margins Form? The terrain below contains various features on the seafloor, as well as parts of three continents. Some general observations
Rapid Changes in Earth s Surface
TEKS investigate rapid changes in Earth s surface such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and landslides Rapid Changes in Earth s Surface Constant Changes Earth s surface is constantly changing. Wind,
Plate Tectonics. Earth, 9 th edition Chapter 2
1 Plate Tectonics Earth, 9 th edition Chapter 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Plate Tectonics: summary in haiku form Alfred Wegener gave us Continental Drift. Fifty years later... Continental Drift
Magmas and Igneous Rocks
Page 1 of 14 EENS 1110 Tulane University Physical Geology Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Magmas and Igneous Rocks This page last updated on 03-Sep-2015 Magma and Igneous Rocks Igneous Rocks are formed by crystallization
FIRST GRADE PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
FIRST GRADE PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES PLATE TECTONIC CYCLE OVERVIEW OF FIRST GRADE VOLCANOES WEEK 1. PRE: Learning the shapes of volcanoes. LAB: Experimenting with "lava." POST:
Chapter 2. Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics: Learning Goals
Plate Tectonics Chapter 2 Interactions at depend on the direction of relative plate motion and the type of crust. Which kind of plate boundary is associated with Earthquake activity? A. Divergent Boundary
Earth Structure, Materials, Systems, and Cycles
Page 1 of 19 EENS 3050 Tulane University Natural Disasters Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Earth Structure, Materials, Systems, and Cycles This page last updated on 31-Aug-2016 Objectives Since this course is
Unit 4: The Rock Cycle
Unit 4: The Rock Cycle Objective: E 3.1A Discriminate between igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks and describe the processes that change one kind of rock into another. E 3.1B Explain the relationship
Plate Tectonics Short Study Guide
Name: Class: Date: Plate Tectonics Short Study Guide Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The existence of coal beds in Antarctica
Lesson 3: The formation of mountains Factsheet for teachers
Lesson 3: The formation of mountains Factsheet for teachers Vocabulary This lesson uses the following geographical terms. These should be used and explained to pupils as the lesson is taught. Core, mantle,
THE STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH
THE STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH Contents 1. Main Objectives 2. Useful Websites 3. Pupil Vocabulary Cards 4. Word Wall Cards 5. Glossary 6. Key Question Cards 7. Prior Learning Diagram 8. Hands-on Activities
GEOL1010 Hour Exam 1 Sample
GEOL1010 Hour Exam 1 Sample 1. The inner core of the Earth is composed of a) solid silicate b) liquid silicate magma c) liquid metal d) solid metal e) olivine. 2. The upper mantle of the Earth is composed
Geodynamics Lecture 2 Kinematics of plate tectonics
Geodynamics Lecture 2 Kinematics of plate tectonics Lecturer: David Whipp david.whipp@helsinki.fi! 4.9.2013 Geodynamics www.helsinki.fi/yliopisto 1 Goals of this lecture Present the three types of plate
Layers of the Earth and Plate Tectonics
Layers of the Earth and Plate Tectonics Objectives: explain various ways the earth can be changed by natural forces define the term Geology define the terms Crust, Mantle, Outer Core and Inner Core classify
Tectonic plates have different boundaries.
KEY CONCEPT Plates move apart. BEFORE, you learned The continents join and break apart The sea floor provides evidence that tectonic plates move The theory of plate tectonics helps explain how the plates
KINDERGARTEN PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
KINDERGARTEN PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES PLATE TECTONIC CYCLE OVERVIEW OF KINDERGARTEN VOLCANOES WEEK 1. PRE: Learning that all mountains are not volcanoes. LAB: Investigating rocks
O.Jagoutz. We know from ~ 20.000 borehole measurements that the Earth continuously emits ~ 44TW
Lecture Notes 12.001 Metamorphic rocks O.Jagoutz Metamorphism Metamorphism describes the changes a rock undergoes with changing P, T and composition (X). For simplistic reasons we will focus here in the
Tectonic plates push together at convergent boundaries.
KEY CONCEPT Plates converge or scrape past each other. BEFORE, you learned Plates move apart at divergent boundaries In the oceans, divergent boundaries mark where the sea floor spreads apart On land,
Unit Plan: Plate Tectonics Shannon B. Carpenter TE 804 1/25/02
Unit Plan: Plate Tectonics Shannon B. Carpenter TE 804 1/25/02 This unit plan is intended to cover about seven weeks and would be appropriate for a middle school general science class or an introductory
Students explore the mechanism behind plate motion as they investigate convection currents. KEY CONCEPTS AND PROCESS SKILLS
Convection Currents 40- to 1 50-minute session ACTIVITY OVERVIEW 46 L A B O R AT O R Y Students explore the mechanism behind plate motion as they investigate convection currents. KEY CONCEPTS AND PROCESS
Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. You may use each answer once, more than once or not at all.
CHAPTER 1 OCE 1001 (Introduction to Oceanography, Professor Chiappone) INTRODUCTION TO PLANET EARTH (Trujillo and Thurman, 11 th edition) SAMPLE QUESTIONS Matching Questions Match the term or person with
Earth Science Chapter 14 Section 2 Review
Name: Class: Date: Earth Science Chapter 14 Section Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following is NOT one of the three
Plate Tectonics. Hi, I am Zed and I am going to take you on a trip learning about Plate Tectonics. And I am Buddy Zed s mascot
Plate Tectonics Hi, I am Zed and I am going to take you on a trip learning about Plate Tectonics And I am Buddy Zed s mascot Continental Drift Alfred Wegener proposed that continents were not always where
Essential Question: How did the theory of Plate Tectonics evolve?
Essential Question: How did the theory of Plate Tectonics evolve? 1. Look at a globe or a map of the Earth. Name the continents. (7 points) 2. How many continents are there? (3 points) 3. On a sheet of
Formation of the Solar System & the Structure of Earth
Formation of the Solar System & the Structure of Earth Additional Readings for Origin of the Universe, Solar Sytem and Life: 5+ papers in Scientific American Oct. 1994, Vol. 271 (Peebles, Kirschner, Allegre,
Earth Science Grade 4 Minerals
Earth Science Grade 4 Minerals Standards: Identifies the physical properties of minerals Teacher Background Minerals are pure substances and mix together to make rocks. Rocks have a cycle and different
SIXTH GRADE PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
SIXTH GRADE PLATE TECTONICS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES PLATE TECTONIC CYCLE OVERVIEW OF SIXTH GRADE VOLCANOES WEEK 1. PRE: Comparing the structure of different types of volcanoes. LAB: Plotting
Transform Boundaries
Lecture 7 Plates and Mantle Plumes Transform Boundaries Transform boundaries occur where one segment of rigid lithosphere slides horizontally past another in response to stresses in the lithosphere. The
Chapter 9 Plate Tectonics
Chapter 9 Plate Tectonics Section 1 Continental Drift Key Concepts What is the hypothesis of continental drift? What evidence supported continental drift? Vocabulary continental drift Pangaea An Idea Before
Earthquakes and Plate Boundaries Deborah Jordan and Samuel Spiegel
Earthquakes and Plate Boundaries Deborah Jordan and Samuel Spiegel Jordan, Deborah and Spiegel, Samuel: Learning Research Development Center, University of Pittsburgh. Earthquakes and Plate Boundaries.
Magma Composition and Igneous Rocks By Dr. James Brophy, Indiana University
Magma Composition and Igneous Rocks By Dr. James Brophy, Indiana University Introduction In the following chapters we will find that nearly all of the varied aspects of volcanism are either directly or
Metamorphic Rocks Practice Questions and Answers Revised October 2007
Metamorphic Rocks Practice Questions and Answers Revised October 2007 1. Metamorphism is a that involves no melt phase. 2. The protolith of a metamorphic rock is the (a) sibling (b) brother (c) parent
Continents join together and split apart.
KEY CONCEPT Continents change position over time. BEFORE, you learned Earth s main layers are the core, the mantle, and the crust The lithosphere and asthenosphere are the topmost layers of Earth The lithosphere
Chesapeake Bay Governor School for Marine and Environmental Science
Choose the best answer and write on the answer sheet provided. 1. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an effect of global warming? (a) Loss of fertile delta regions for agriculture (b) Change
California Standards Grades 9 12 Boardworks 2009 Science Contents Standards Mapping
California Standards Grades 912 Boardworks 2009 Science Contents Standards Mapping Earth Sciences Earth s Place in the Universe 1. Astronomy and planetary exploration reveal the solar system s structure,
There are numerous seams on the surface of the Earth
Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift There are numerous seams on the surface of the Earth Questions and Topics 1. What are the theories of Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift? 2. What is the evidence
Step 2: Learn where the nearest divergent boundaries are located.
What happens when plates diverge? Plates spread apart, or diverge, from each other at divergent boundaries. At these boundaries new ocean crust is added to the Earth s surface and ocean basins are created.
Atoms and Elements. Atoms: Learning Goals. Chapter 3. Atoms and Elements; Isotopes and Ions; Minerals and Rocks. Clicker 1. Chemistry Background?
Chapter 3 Atoms Atoms and Elements; Isotopes and Ions; Minerals and Rocks A Review of Chemistry: What geochemistry tells us Clicker 1 Chemistry Background? A. No HS or College Chemistry B. High School
Engaging Students Through Interactive Activities In General Education Classes
Engaging Students Through Interactive Activities In General Education Classes On the Cutting Edge: Early Career Geoscience Faculty Workshop 14-18 June 2009 Presented by Randy Richardson Department of Geosciences,
Plate Tectonics Lab Assignment
Plate Tectonics Lab Assignment After reading the introduction to the Plate Tectonics exercises in the lab manual, complete the questions on a hard copy of this Lab Assignment. When finished, transfer your
Chapter 16: Plate Tectonics
Chapter 16: Plate Tectonics Chapter Summary In the early 1900s Alfred Wegener set forth the continental drift hypothesis. One of its major tenets was that a supercontinent called Pangaea began breaking
Inside Earth Chapter 3
Name Hour Due Date Inside Earth Chapter Page 1 Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics Page 2 Volcanic Activity Page - Mapping Earthquakes and Volcanoes Page 4 Mapping Earthquakes and Volcanoes table Page 5 - Mapping
BOWEN'S REACTION SERIES
BOWEN'S REACTION SERIES Purpose John J. Thomas Frequently, people cannot visualize the mineral associations that form the sequences of igneous rocks that you find in the earth's crust and what happens
Scope and Sequence Interactive Science grades 6-8
Science and Technology Chapter 1. What Is Science? 1. Science and the Natural World 2.Thinking Like a Scientist 3. Scientific Inquiry Scope and Sequence Interactive Science grades 6-8 Chapter 2. Science,
Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics LEVELED READER Y. www.readinga-z.com. Visit www.readinga-z.com for thousands of books and materials.
Plate Tectonics A Reading A Z Level Y Leveled Reader Word Count: 1,933 LEVELED READER Y Plate Tectonics Written by William Harryman Illustrated by Signe Nordin Visit www.readinga-z.com for thousands of
P1: Rock identification (I)
P1: Rock identification (I) Examine the rocks specimens provided with the aid of these notes. All the rocks come from Ireland, as detailed on the attached map. Answer the short question on each specimen
Seismic Waves Practice
1. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which shows models of two types of earthquake waves. Model A best represents the motion of earthquake waves called 1) P-waves (compressional