Actions Grouped= Synergists and Antagonists
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1 Actions Grouped= Synergists and Antagonists Flexes Thigh At Hip 1.Iliopsoas 2.Sartorius 3.Pectineus 4.Tensor Fasciae Latae 5.Adductor Longus 6.Adductor Magnus 7.Rectus Femoris Extends Thigh at Hip 1.Gluteus Maximus 2.Long Head of the Biceps Femoris 3.Short Head of the Biceps Femoris 4.Semimembranosus 5.Semitendinosus Rotates Thigh Medially 1.Pectineus 2.Tensor Fasciae Latae 3.Adductor Longus 4.Adductor brevis 5.Gluteus Medius 6.Gluteus Minimis 7.Gracilis Rotates Thigh Laterally 1.Sartorius 2.Adductor Magnus 3.Gluteus Maximus 4.*Piriformis= rotates thigh laterally when the hip is extended 5.Quadratus Femoris Flexes Leg at Knee 1.Sartorius 2.Gracilis 3.Long and Short head of the Biceps Femoris 4.Semitendinosus 5.Semimembranosus Extends Leg at Knee 1.Rectus Femoris 2.Vastus Lateralis 3.Vastus Medialis 4.Vastus Intermedius EXAMPLE: The Vastus Intermedius is an ANTAGONIST to the Sartorius EXAMPLE: The Vastus Lateralis and Rectus Femoris are Synergists in Extending the leg at the Knee.
2 Rotates Knee Medially 1.Sartorius ADDucts Thigh 1.Pectineus 2.Gracilis 3.Adductor Longus 4.Adductor Brevis 5.Adductor Magnus ABducts Thigh 1.Gluteus Medius 2.Tensor Fascia(e) Latae 3.Gluteus Maximus 4.Gluteus Minimis Rotates Leg Medially 1.Gracilis 2.Semitendinosus 3.Semimembranosus Rotates Leg Laterally 1.Long Head of Biceps Femoris 2.Short Head of Biceps Femoris * Pectineus and Tensor Fascia(e) Latae are Synergists in all actions EXCEPT for being Antagonists in Adducting and Abducting the Thigh. (i.e Pectineus= Adducts; Tensor Fascia(e) Latae= ABducts) Dorsiflexes the foot at Ankle 1.Tibialis Anterior 2.Extensor Hallucis Longus 3.Fibularis Tertius Plantar Flexes Foot at Ankle 1.Fibularis Longus 2.Fibularis Brevis 3.Gastrocnemius 4.Soleus 5.Flexor Digitorum Longus 6.Flexor Hallucis Longus 7.Tibialis Posterior EXAMPLE: The Gastrocnemius and Tibialis Anterior are ANTAGONISTS. The Tibialis Anterior and Tibialis Posterior are SYNERGISTS in that they both invert the foot, but ANTAGONISTS in that the T. Anterior Dorsiflexes the foot at ankle, whereas the Tibialis Posterior Plantar Flexes the Foot at ankle. Everts Foot 1.Fibularis Tertius 2.Fibularis Longus 3.Fibularis Brevis Inverts Foot 1.Tibialis Anterior 2.Tibialis Posterior
3 3.Flexor Hallucis Longus 4.Flexor Digitorum Longus Extends 2nd-5th Distal Interphalangeal Joints 1.Extensor Digitorum Longus Flexes 2nd-5th Distal Interphalangeal Joints 1.Flexor Digitorum Longus The Extensor Digitorum Longus is an ANTAGONIST to the Flexor Digitorum Longus * INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE BACK Flexes the Vertebral Column 1.Iliopsoas 2.Longissimus(laterally flexes the vertebral column) 3 Iliocostalis (laterally flexes the vertebral column) 4. External Oblique 5.Internal Oblique Extends the Vertebral Column 1.Iliocostalis 2.Longissimus 3.Spinalis 4.Splenius Capitis 5.Semispinalis Capitis EXAMPLE: The Semispinalis Capitis is an ANTAGONIST to the Iliopsoas. MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR compartment of the Forearm Pronates Forearm 1. Pronator Teres 2. Pronator Quadratus Supinates Forearm 1.Supinator 2.Long Head of Biceps Brachii 3.Short Head of Biceps Brachii Flexes Hand at Wrist 1.Flexor Carpi Radialis 2.Palmaris Longus 3.Flexor Carpi Ulnaris 4.Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Extends Hand at Wrist 1.Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus 2.Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis 3.Extensor Digitorum 4.Extensor Carpi Ulnaris ADDUCTS Hand 1.Flexor Carpi Ulnaris 2.Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
4 ABDUCTS Hand 1.Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus 2.Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis 3. Flexor Carpi Radialis ABDUCTS Pollex 1.Abductor Pollicis Longus 2.Abductor Pollicis Brevis ADDUCTS Pollex 1.Adductor Pollicis Opposes Pollex 1.Opponens Pollicis 2.Adductor Pollicis Flexes Proximal Interphalangeal Joints 1.Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Flexes Distal Interphalangeal Joints 1.Flexor Digitorum Profundus Extends Distal Interphalangeal Joints 1.Extensor Digitorum *Extensor Digitorum and the Flexor Digitorum Profundus are ANTAGONISTS Extends 2nd Distal Interphalangeal Joint 1.Extensor Indicis Extends 1st Interphalangeal Joint 1.Extensor Pollicis Longus Extends 5th Distal Interphalangeal Joint 1.Extensor Digiti Minimi Extensor Pollicis Longus is an ANTAGONIST to the Flexor Pollicis Longus Extends 1st Metacarpal-Phalangeal Joint 1.Extensor Pollicis Brevis Flexes 1st Metacarpal-Phalangeal Joint 1.Flexor Pollicis Brevis FOREARM, SCAPULA, ABDOMINAL WALL,PECTORAL GIRDLE.. Flexes Forearm at Elbow 1.Brachioradialis 2.Long Head of Biceps Brachii 3.Short Head of Biceps Brachii 4.Brachialis Extends Forearm at Elbow 1.Long, Medial, and Lateral Head of the Triceps Brachii Rotates Arm Medially 1.Subscapularis
5 2.Teres Major 3.Latissimus Dorsi 4.Pectoralis Major 5.Deltoid Rotates Arm Laterally 1.Teres Minor 2.Infraspinatus 3.Deltoid Extends Arm at Shoulder 1.Teres Major 2.Latissimus Dorsi 3.Deltoid Flexes Arm at Shoulder 1.Deltoid 2.Pectoralis Major 3.Coracobrachialis ADDucts Arm 1.Teres Major 2.Pectoralis Major 3.Latissimus Dorsi ABducts Arm 1.Supraspinatus 2.Deltoid *The DELTOID does ever action with the arm EXCEPT Adduct the Arm. ADDucts Scapula 1.Rhomboid Major 2.Rhomboid Minor 3.Trapezius Depresses Scapula 1. Trapezius 2. Pectoralis Minor Elevates Scapula 1.Levator Scapula 2.Trapezius Downwardly Rotates Scapula 1.Rhomboid Major 2.Rhomboid Minor 3. Pectoralis Minor Rotates Scapula 1.Trapezius Elevates Rib Cage 1.External Intercostals
6 Depresses Rib Cage 1.Internal Intercostals Elevates Mandible 1.Temporalis 2.Masseter Retracts Mandible 1.Temporalis
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