REGIOANALYSE: PARANÁ

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1 1. Politiek-bestuurlijke omgeving Paraná Facts & figures REGIOANALYSE: PARANÁ Government: Governor Beto Richa (PSDB political party) central/ left party. Total Area: 199,314.9 km2 (4x Holand) Population: (total) (2012) Density (2011): Total GDP: US$ (2012) GDP Per capita: US$ (2010) Main cities: Curitiba, Londrina, Maringá, Ponta Grossa e Cascavel. Paraná, state of southern Brazil, bounded to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, on the south by the state of Santa Catarina, on the southwest by Argentina, on the west by Paraguay, on the northwest by the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, and on the north and northeast by the state of São Paulo. Its capital, Curitiba, is in the eastern part of the state. Paraná State With 10.6 million inhabitants, Paraná is one of the most prosperous states of Brazil, representing 5.62% of the country s total population. The state population is made up of mainly German, Italian, Ukrainian and Polish immigrants with large Japanese communities in the North and Dutch colonies near Ponta Grossa. The share of Paraná in Brazil s GDP has been eroding in recent years. In terms of per capita wealth, it ranks 7th among the 26 Brazilian states, slightly above the national average. Paraná s economy is export oriented. It represented 8% of Brazil s exports in The state economy relies on industry (40.7%), commerce (27.3%), services (14.4%) and agriculture (17.6%). The Curitiba metropolitan region, with its well functioning urban development strategy, has a high concentration of urban industrial activities, while the rest of Paraná is characterised by a strong agribusiness sector. Paraná has big productive firms on one hand and on the other a wide array of small and mediumsized enterprises, which represent the majority of employment. The few leading-edge companies tend to be located in Curitiba and controlled from outside the country. There are few spill-overs from big firms in terms of job creation, but supply chains are well-developed in the automotive industry and agri-business. - Bottlenecks One of the main issues impeding human capital development in Paraná is the fragmented governance architecture and the absence of a region-wide co-ordinating structure and mechanisms to provide a long-term vision and implement an integrated development strategy for a wide range of types of educational institutions in the public and private sector, which is facing considerable quality challenges. Transparent pathways for students through the education system are necessary. This involves the development of more effective credit recognition schemes, course and programme co-ordination agreements, clear and enforceable policies related to credit transfer and increased support for joint and collaborative programmes. The connection with the port and its capacities are considered a bottleneck in logistics. - Education Paraná has a large, diversified and geographically well-distributed higher education sector. In 2008, there were 178 higher education institutions, of which 22 were public and 156 were private. The higher education scene is dominated by federal and state universities. The Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) is the oldest university in Brazil, created in 1912, while the Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), originally a technical training school, gained university status in In addition to the main campus in Curitiba, the Federal University of Paraná has two other locations: in Paranágua (Universidade do Litoral); and in the interior of the country (Palotina). The student population in Paraná is close to ( ) as compared with in 2007, of the approximately 5.5 million students in Brazil. Improvements in education at the primary and secondary level are necessary to better prepare all students. Taking into account the young age profile of Brazil, public spending on education per student is low at primary and secondary education. Students learning

2 outcomes are poor. While students in Paraná achieve above average results in national testing, international comparisons show a considerable gap to be bridged both for students in Brazil and Paraná, indicating that there is considerable scope for improvement in the quality of teaching.. - Innovations in Paraná Development in Paraná has been promising: the state has made investments in science and technology and public-private partnerships to boost industry participation in R&D, and the employers associations have played a very active role in innovation activities. However, in contrast to many other states, Paraná has not yet passed a state law of innovation which can potentially jeopardise the good process. After São Paulo and Espírito Santo, in 2008 Paraná was third in the amount of state expenditure in science and technology (2.27% of the state public budget income). Paraná has introduced matched funding of 50% for federal investments in R&D. Paraná also has an exceptionally active employer sector. The Federation of Industries of the State of Paraná (FIEP) was the first state industrial federation to respond to the national-level initiative aiming to identify potential sectors in Brazil. It has led the multi-stakeholder strategy work in Paraná, and has helped increase the knowledge base for innovation. Public-private partnerships have been strengthened through the collaboration of FINEP (Federação das Indústrias do Estado do Paraná - Federation of Industries of the State of Paraná), FIEP, the SME-agency (SEBRAE-PR), Brazilian Institute of Product Quality (IBQP) and two technological institutes (LACTEC and TECPAR) to stimulate the development of innovation in SMEs in terms of management, process and products through zero interest rate funding by FINEP. - Strategic Position of Paraná: Paraná is strategically positioned in the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUL). Its capital, Curitiba, is located at less than 3,000 kilometres from large cities like Santiago de Chile, Buenos Aires, Bogotá, Asuncion in Paraguay and Montevideo. The state is also well located in the main Brazilian consumer markets, being, 400 kilometres away from São Paulo and Florianópolis and less than 1,000 kilometres from Porto Alegre and Rio de Janeiro. Through its ports on the Atlantic Ocean, Paraná has maritime access to many potential high growth markets, such as Africa and Asia, serving as a refuelling base and a route point between North America and these continents, and for transportation from Europe and North America en route to the Pacific. - Transportation: The State of Paraná is recognized as having a better transportation infrastructure than most of other Brazilian regions. Roads and highways connect to all cities and the railway system connects the agricultural producing areas to its ports on the Atlantic seaboard. 75% of all transportation in Paraná is accomplished through its system of roads and highways, linking all municipalities. The State has the most developed highway system in Southern Brazil, totalling more than 118,000 kilometres. Waterway System: The State of Paraná has both a coastal and inland waterway system with two coastal ports, Paranaguá and Antonina, situated on the Bay of Paranaguá, and three systems of canals located in the northern part of the State. Both seaports are administered by a public port authority APPA: the Antonina and Paranaguá Port Authority. The Port of Paranaguá serves a large area which includes the entire State of Paraná and parts of the following Brazilian states: São Paulo, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul; and will undergo a R$ 2.5 billion expansion over the next few years increasing the port s capacity by 55% from 45 to 70 million tons. In 2010, both ports handled more than 670,000 containers, holding million tons of freight, of which 64% was solid bulk tonnage and 10.5% was liquid bulk. Railways: According to PELT, 25% of Paraná s transportation system consists of railways. The railway network is about 2,400 km long and is operated by two companies, a private and a public: the former, Améria Latina Logística ALL, and the latter, Estrada de Ferro Paraná Oeste. Paraná s rail network accounts for approximately 25% of the state s total transportation network, consisting of two railways, ALL (Améria Latina Logústica), a private concern operation a network of approximately 2,100 km of track and FERROESTE (Estrada de Ferro Paraná Oeste), a publicly controlled company. FERROESTE s rail service runs between the cities of Guarapuava and Cascavel, linking the Central and West Regions of Paraná. All s network operations, essentially running a north-south route, links Paraná to the State of São Paulo to the north and the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul to the south. New railways were announced recently by the federal government. Airports: Paraná has the 4 th best airport infrastructure in Brazil. Paraná is recognized for the size and quality of its air transportation network comprised of 40 public airports, five of which are considered large and three

3 medium. Eighteen airports are capable of handling night operations, eight of which can accommodate instrument only take off and landings. Five airports are served by regularly scheduled airline flights. In 2010, the network serviced almost 200,000 flights. Two airports are considered international, one in Curitiba and one in Foz do Iguaçu with regular airline service. The International Airport of Curitiba is located approximately 11 miles from the city center and is strategically located to many of the region s transportation hubs. Its location near Highway BR 277 affords easy and rapid access to the Port of Paranaguá (75 km), the City of Joinville (134 km) and the ports of São Francisco do Sul and Itajaí in the state of Santa Catarina (190 km). 2. Economie en investeringen in Paraná The Curitiba metropolitan area today is one of the major hubs of Brazil s automotive industry, with Volvo, Renault and Audi-VW factories. Recently DAF trucks started its production in Ponta Grossa. A fiscal incentives policy set up by the State of Paraná, as well as the availability of a top-notch harbour infrastructure contributed to foreign direct investment to the area. The State of Paraná economy is export oriented. Its exports (ranked 5th) alone represent close to 8% of those of Brazil in 2008, whereas its GDP corresponds to around 6.5% of national GDP. The greater Curitiba metropolitan area has become a demographic magnet as well as an industrial and service growth pole for Paraná. This capital city area today represents one third of the state s population and 45% of its GDP. It s worth to mention the city of Foz de Iguaçu. Growth in this area has been spurred on by the construction of the Itaipu dam that supplies 20% of Brazil s energy needs (and the near-totality of those of Paraguay). Research and entrepreneurial activities located within the Itaipu Technology Park (renewable energies, environmental protection in particular) as well as tourism also provide promising prospective. The north of Paraná has highly productive agriculture (largest national grain producer) sector but lost jobs and population. Londrina however is still the third largest city in the south of Brazil, after Curitiba and Porto Alegre. - Gross Domestic Product: In 2010 The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the state of Paraná amounted to US$ 129 million, exceeding that of some countries such as New Zealand, the Ukraine and Ecuador. Between 2002 and 2009, Paraná s economy grew significantly with 115%. Paraná has enjoyed a growth rate greater than the national Brazilian average following the global economic crisis of Paraná s GDP per capita is above the national Brazilian average, and has shown steady growth from US$ 4,250 to US$ 12,413 during the period 2000 to The main sectors of Paraná s economy are, respectively: Maintenance and Repair Services (17%), Industrial Production (17%), Public Utilitary, Public Administration, Health and Education Services (16%). These three activities sum contribute US$ 41.4 billion. - Entrepreneurship in Paraná: In 2010, 54,954 companies were incorporated in Paraná. These figures will likely be higher in 2011, as the number of incorporations of new companies between January and February surpassed that of the same period of Major entrepreneurs have been working in the State of Paraná since the beginning of its economic development. Big names from the local economy have achieved both national and international recognition. Large enterprises emerged in the State and expanded throughout Brazil and the World, as is the case of cosmetics company Grupo Boticário, which started as a prescription pharmacy, or Grupo CR Almeida, with more than 30 companies in the areas of heavy construction, logistics and concession. Besides the great entrepreneurial capacity of Paraná, efforts are also made to develop new, state- of the- art technologies. Positivo Group, the largest computer manufacturer in Brazil, started its operations in Paraná. On the other hand, Bematech, global leader manufacturer of technologic solutions for the retail industry, was created from the work of two entrepreneurs in the incubators of Paraná s Federal Technology University. - Foreign Trade Exports: Paraná has a strong and robust export trade, ranking it 5 th out all Brazilian states (7% in volume) in 2010, with total exports amounting to almost US$ 14.2 billion, an increase of 26.3% over Paraná s main export markets are China, Argentina, Germany, the Netherlands and the United States of America and also exports to many other countries throughout the world. The 40 main Paraná companies are responsible for 70,59% of the exports, a bit more than US$ 10 billion.

4 Imports: The state of Paraná had, in 2010, imports totalling US$ billion. Over the last ten years Paraná s imports accounted for almost 9.2% of all imports into Brazil. However, the imports of the state have decreased over the last years. In 2000 Paraná s imports accounted for 17.8% of all Brazilian imports compared to just 7.7% (US$ 13.9 billion) in Incentives for Investment: In order to promote and encourage productive investment in the State of Paraná, the State Government has developed a program to ensure that Paraná maintains a competitive edge in the Brazilian economy. This program is known as Competitive Paraná ( Programa Paraná Competitivo). Competitive Paraná is a program of tax incentives for new business wanting to move to the State and for existing businesses that want to expand their investments there. The Program was carefully developed, and incorporates diverse social sectors in the State, positioning Paraná as an even more attractive location for productive national and international investment. In order to give peace of- mind, both to the State and to the companies benefitted by the program, Competitive Paraná s legal structure is based in current legalisation that guarantees the concession of fiscal benefits. These benefits are able to provide fiscal leverage for productive companies that are established or that will come to be established in Paraná. 3. Overlap met NL-se topsectoren - Agribusiness in Paraná: As the world s largest exporter of grain and grain products and Brazil s largest producer of forestry products, the State contributes 10% of all agricultural production in the country. Paraná s agricultural and livestock sector provides one of the best investment opportunities in the State. The overview areas around the cities of Castro and Marilândia are the main agricultural producing centers in Paraná, with a Gross Production Value of more than R$ 330 million. 11 other agricultural centers combine to contribute over R$ 190 million in Gross Production Value and are scattered throughout the State. The introduction of Dutch milking cows in the region of Castro contributed to extremely high milk production. The Agroprocessing Industry in Paraná: Paraná s agroprocessing industry is centered on food and beverage production. In terms of Brazil s Industrial Processing Value for food and beverage production the State of Paraná s production represents 9.2% of this type production of the entire country. Of note, is that Paraná produces 25% of all processed chicken in Brazil and expots have, over the last ten years, grown by over 450%.

5 In the period from 2000 to 2009, export of chicken products grew from US$ 200 million to US$ 1.2 billion. One of the most dynamic agroprocessing industries in Paraná is the manufacture of pulp and paper. The high yield of production for these products and increased demand from the domestic market has been significant in creating this dynamic environment. Cooperatives in Paraná: The cooperative system, introduced by the Dutch immigrants, has deep roots in the State of Paraná and has historically played a significant role in its economic and agricultural development. Formed in 1971, the Organization of Cooperatives of Paraná (OCEPAR) has represented the interests of this sector of Paraná s economy. Of the 238 cooperatives in the State, 82 are in engages in agriculture and livestock production and have a membership of almost 300,000 farmers producing 56% of Paraná s agribusiness. - Industry: The State of Paraná is the fifth largest industrial producer in Brazil. Paraná s industrial sector produces 20% of the State s GDP. The average growth rate of Paraná s industrial sector is 4.8 % per year, exceeding the national average of 1.8%. The most dynamic areas of Paraná s industry sector are those especially related to extraction activities. Paraná benefits from vast agricultural and mineral extraction in its territory. Companies can establish themselves in sites near extraction areas, and take advantage of the State s transportation infrastructure. Petroleum refining, food and beverage production, as well as manufacturing of motor vehicles, truck bodies, and trailer trucks account for more than 50% of Paraná s industrial production. Paraná s automotive industry experiences one of the highest annual growth rates and is one of three components key to the State s industrial production. The State has a well-developed and integrated supply chain for all facets of automobile manufacture and assembly, with Curitiba, the capital city, well represented by major automotive producers such as DAF, Renault, Audi/ Volkswagen, Volvo, Case New Holland and Caterpillar. This industry s actual annual growth rate is 20.9%. It is ranked second, behind IT equipment manufacturing (at a growth rate of 48.9 %), but ahead of the garment and accessories production sector (with 17.1% annual average growth). Industries of the Future: Paraná is preparing for the future by focusing on plans that will make it competitive in the areas of innovation and industrial development. This plan seeks to identify sectors of industrial production that provide the most advantageous opportunities for growth such as micro and agro- biotechnology tourism, metallurgy, energy and consumer products. Paraná is already recognized in both global and domestic markets as a major center of information technology. Among others in the industry, the largest computer manufacturer in Brazil and a leading supplier of educational technology have headquarters and production facilities in the State. - Green Industry: As leader in environmental protection, sustainability and innovation, the government of Paraná supports and encourages green initiatives and activities through incentive programs. As an example, with such support, the workforce of the recycling industry has thirteen fold over the past ten years, and continues to grow. With a maturing green industry and State support, environmental sustainability has been adopted throughout Paraná and is influencing all industrial activity. - Information Technology in Paraná: Technological Innovation: Paraná has six technology centers located in the following key cities: Curitiba, Ponta Grossa, Londrina, Maringá, Cascavel and Pato Branco, and represent geographically, a cross section of the State. Technology Parks and Business Incubators of Paraná: Paraná, through active sponsorship by state and local government and supported by private and public institutions, has developed significant centers for technological research and development that support the founding and growth of new and innovative business enterprises. Strategically located in centers of industry and commerce such as Curitiba, Cascavel, Foz do Iguaçu, Londrina and Maringá and at universities engaged in research and development, Techonology Parks and Business Incubators are actively engaged in fostering innovation, promoting new business opportunities, and conducting research and development in economic, engineering and industrial activities.

6 TECPAR AND LACTEC: The State of Paraná has two significant public Institutes for research and development: TECPAR, the Technology Institute of Paraná and LACTEC, the Institute for Development. While TECPAR is aligned with State Government, providing support for technological research and development LACTEC is associated with institutions such as Companhia Paranaense de Energia (COPEL), Paraná s Federal University (UFPR), The Federation of Industries of Paraná(FIEP), Paraná Trade Association (ACP), and Paraná Institute of Engineering (IEP). TECPAR is currently recognized as a national center for referral, researching new technologies, developing new products for public health in Brazil, and strengthening the relationship and commitment between the State and Federal governments. Developing supply of quality products and services aims to contribute towards both Paraná s and the country s economic growth and social development. LACTEC, on the other hand, is focused on the development of technologic innovation researches applied to the industrial development improvement and employment of technological solutions, promoting scientific, economic and social progress. As an independent and self sustainable research center, LACTEC acts as a scientific dissemination and technology transference center, driven by the creative support of more than 500 employees. Sources: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD): An organization that acts as a meeting ground for 30 countries which believe strongly in the free market system, the OECD provides a forum for discussing issues and reaching agreements, some of which are legally binding. The Institute of Economic and Social Development (IPARDES) is an institution of survey linked to the Ministry of the Planning and General Coordination (SEPL). Its function is to study the economic and social reality of the State in order to subsidize the formulation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of public policies. How to invest in Paraná, a booklet developed by AMCHAM and the Federation of Commerce of the State of Paraná (FECOMÉRCIO PR). The mission of FECOMÉRCIO is to assist and support all Consulates and Chambers of Commerce in Paraná with the development of imports and exports in Paraná and support the concerns and intentions of international trade entrepreneurs in international fairs, trade missions and business roundtables. More information: NL embassy in Brasilia Economic department Bra-ez@minbuza.nl