Food Inspection Regulations for the Southeastern States

Transcription

1 Fd Inspectin Regulatins fr the Sutheastern States Farmers Markets have becme increasingly mre ppular acrss Gergia. These they give cnsumers and farmers pprtunities t interact, prviding an envirnment that cnnects a lcal cmmunity. A variety f prducts can be fund at tday s farmers markets. At a market, ne wuld mst likely find fresh prduce, hmemade crafts, and even live musical entertainment. In sme markets, farmers may als market prducts that are cnsidered t have a high risk fr fd brne illnesses. These regulatins include measures fr lw-acid/acidified fds, baked gds, meat & egg prducts, and dairy prducts. Federal Regulatins Lw-Acid/Acidified Fds The current Gd Manufacturing Practice Regulatins (GMP's) fr lw-acid canned fds (21 CFR 113) became effective in March The GMP's fr acidified fds (21 CFR 114) became effective in May These GMP's utline the equipment, cntrls, manufacturing, prcessing, and packing prcedures which are required t ensure the prductin f a safe prduct. The purpse f regulatins fr lw acid/acidified fds is t prtect cnsumers frm micrrganisms f public health significance, especially Clstridium btulinum. The spres f Clstridium btulinum must be destryed r effectively inhibited t avid germinatin and subsequent prductin f the deadly txin which causes btulism. This is accmplished with gd manufacturing practices which must include: The use f thermal prcesses and/r ther means f preservatin that are prperly designed by a cmpetent prcessing authrity t destry r inhibit Clstridium btulinum spres Prper delivery f these thermal prcesses and/r adequate cntrl f ther methds f preservatin being used. Sufficient dcumentatin that the scheduled prcesses are delivered thrugh the keeping f apprpriate recrds. Prducts exempt frm 21 CFR 113 & 114 include baked gds, jams and jellies. Hwever, these prducts must meet the standards f identity set fr in 21 CFR 150. All baked gds filled with r tpped by items that require refrigeratin as a stand-alne item (such as eggs, fresh dairy prducts, cked seafd, cked vegetables, high misture cheese etc) must be placed under refrigeratin (41F r belw) within 30 minutes f prductin r remval frm the ven fr strage. Strage cntainers fr these prducts must be cleaned with ht sapy water, rinsed with ht water, and finally sanitized with mild bleach: water slutin made frm 2 z bleach t 1 galln f water. They shuld nt be stred directly n the flr f the refrigeratr, but n racks t allw fr prper cl air circulatin.

2 Meat Prducts All raw meat sld in the United States must be inspected by the USDA. Different exemptins exist in different states fr the sale f pultry meat. Milk Prducts All milk and fresh dairy prducts in the U.S. must be pasteurized. They must be bttled r packaged at the pint f pasteurizatin. All fresh dairy prducts must be stred under refrigeratin (40F r belw). Apprved frms f refrigerated strage fr fresh dairy prducts are battery perated clers r refrigeratr trucks. The unit f sale will be by vlume, and the label must fllw state labeling guidelines. Raw milk is nly sld in states that allw it. Eggs Eggs must be inspected by the USDA. If a farmer sells less than 30 dzen eggs at a time and they prduce less than 3,000 hens, the eggs are exempt frm federal inspect. These restricted eggs cannt have mre lss and/r leakers than allwed in the fficial standards fr U.S. Cnsumer Grade B shell eggs. State regulatins als perate within this windw. Cmparisns fr Gergia - Gergia shares the same regulatins as many ther states in the sutheast by prviding sme exemptin fr fds prcessed at hme. While in Gergia, nly lw-risk fds can be sld at civic r nn-prfit events, sme states have stricter guidelines in place where a small business can cmmercially prduce gds at a hme. - Baked gds (unless they have a filling) nrmally fall under the same categry as lwrisk fds (jams, jellies, etc.). Gergia prducers f baked gds are exempt frm inspectin if they sell directly t cnsumers at farmers markets spnsred by civic (including city gvernments) and/r nn-prfit rganizatins. - All meat sld cmmercially must be apprved by the USDA. Sme states prvide exemptins fr meat sld within a state s brders - States in the sutheast have a mixed apprach t milk regulatins. In the Sutheast, nly Suth Carlina and Mississippi allw sme frm f raw milk t be sld.

3 State Lw-Acid/Acidified Baked Gds Meat/Egg Prducts Dairy Prducts Alabama Fds that d nt have t be time r temperature cntrlled fr safety can be prepared in a kitchen in a private hme fr sale at state sanctined farmers markets. Examples include baked gds, jams, jellies, and pickles. Same rules apply fr lw-acid fds. Only raw meats, including fish and seafd, that are prcessed, packaged, and labeled at an inspected facility r are therwise exempted frm inspectin may be sld at a farmers market. Sale f raw milk fr human cnsumptin is nt legal. Flrida Lw acid fds such as canned vegetables, slaws, stews, sups, sauces, and any fds cntaining meat r ther ptentially hazardus ingredients that wuld need t be refrigerated r therwise be held under temperature cntrl cannt be ffered fr sale unless prepared in a permitted establishment. Cnsumers purchasing prducts made in a hme kitchen must be infrmed by a clearly visible label, tag, r placard that the fd is prepared in kitchen that is nt inspected by a regulatry agency. All Lw Acid fds are regulated specific CFR N exemptins fr hme prcessing f gds. All Baked gds are regulated All meat prducts are regulated accrding t Eggs are regulated restricted/nnrestricted categries. See ntes All dairy prducts, including cheese, must be prcessed, packaged, and labeled at a facility permitted and inspected by the Alabama Department f Public Health s Milk and Fd Prcessing Branch. If a prducer wishes t take the eggs t a farmers market t sale, they must fllw guidelines in the Alabama Shell Egg Law. They must clearly print the name and the address f the packer, the grade, weight class, and date graded. Prducers are fully exempt frm inspectin if sell eggs at the farm. Sale f raw milk fr human cnsumptin is nt legal. Other dairy prducts are regulated.

4 Gergia Exemptins fr inspectin exist fr lw-risk gds (jams, jellies, etc) prduced at hme. See ntes attached High risk prducts (acidified, canned) must be prduced CFR. Exemptins fr inspectin exist fr baked gds prduced at hme. See ntes attached All meat prducts are regulated Eggs are regulated restricted/nn-restricted categries. See ntes Sale f raw milk fr human cnsumptin is nt legal. Other dairy prducts are regulated. Luisiana Exemptins fr inspectin exist fr jams, jellies, and hney prduced at hme. See ntes High risk prducts (acidified, canned) must be prduced CFR. All Baked gds are regulated All meat prducts are regulated Eggs are regulated restricted/nn-restricted categries. See ntes Sale f raw milk fr human cnsumptin is nt legal. Other dairy prducts are regulated. Mississippi All Lw Acid fds are regulated specific CFR All Baked gds are regulated All meat prducts are regulated On-farm sales f raw gat milk are legal if the selling farm has n mre than nine milk prducing gats lactating n it. The farmer cannt advertise and must sell directly t the cnsumer State Department f Health regulates all dairy prducts

5 Nrth Carlina Exemptins fr inspectin exist fr lw-risk gds (jams, jellies, etc) prduced at hme. See ntes High risk prducts (acidified, canned) must be prduced in an apprved facility. Exemptins fr inspectin exist fr baked gds prduced at hme. See ntes Any fd individually packaged fr self-service sale must be labeled and adequately packaged t prtect them frm cntaminatin. All meat prducts are regulated Eggs are regulated restricted/nn-restricted categries. See ntes Sale f raw milk fr human cnsumptin is nt legal. Other dairy prducts are regulated.

6 Suth Carlina All prducts (including lw-risk jams/jellies) must be sent fr analysis. N exemptins fr hme prcessing f gds. All Baked gds are regulated Vendrs wh are wner peratrs f a Dept. f Health apprved bakery r restaurant can sell at the farmers market under their catering license r retail fd license issued by SC Dept f Health. Must pst r prvide retail Grade A permit at pint f sale. All meat prducts are regulated Eggs are regulated restricted/nn-restricted categries. Raw milk sales are legal n the farm and t a limited extent, in retail stres. Farmers must btain a permit and can nly sell raw milk, nt raw milk prducts. The state Department f Health prhibits the sale f any prcessed raw dairy prduct. Advertising is legal. A retail stre can nly sell raw milk if the stre des nt fall under the regulatry definitin f a "fd service establishment." Under current law, nly cnvenience stres "which ffer fr sale prepackaged fd" and "engage in limited preparatin f nn-ptentially hazardus fd" are utside this definitin. Tennessee Exemptins fr inspectin exist fr lw-risk gds (jams, jellies, etc) prduced at hme. See ntes All high risk (acidified/canned) fds are regulated specific CFR Exemptins fr inspectin exist fr baked gds prduced at hme. See ntes All meat prducts are regulated Eggs are regulated vlume sld & size f peratin. See ntes Sale f raw milk fr human cnsumptin is nt legal. Other dairy prducts are regulated.

7 Additinal Ntes FLORIDA I. Rules fr Selling Eggs 1. Facility must have an annual fd permit 2. Facility must have an apprved water and sewage system that meets requirement fr a fd prcessr. A residential system is nt acceptable. 3. Facility must be separate frm living quarters. 4. Facility must have ht and cld water f sufficient quantity t meet prcessing. 5. Prcessr must use a USDA apprved shell egg sanitizer and have the apprpriate test kit. 6. Facility must be equipped with equipment t prperly wash and air dry the eggs. The temperature f the wash water must always be 10 degrees F r greater than the temperature f the eggs. The temperature f the wash water must be a minimum f 90 degrees F. The temperature f the apprved sanitizer must be at least 10 degrees F greater than the wash water temperature. Apprpriate recrds must be maintained fr this prcedure. 7. Facility must meet all f the Fd Cde. 8. Facility must have a three cmpartment sink t wash, rinse, and sanitize equipment. 9. Eggs cannt be sld in cartns. They can nly be sld in bulk r in flats. 10. Facility must have cling capability t stre the eggs at 41 degrees F r less. 11. A placard must be displayed at the pint f sale stating the fllwing: These eggs have nt been graded as t quality and weight. The placard must be nt smaller than 7 inches by 7 inches in size. 12. The unclassified eggs (washed eggs which have nt been graded fr size and quality) may have n mre checks, dirties, leakers, r lss than thse allwed fr Flrida Grade B eggs. 13. Nest eggs (eggs that have nt been washed, sized, r graded fr quality) may nt be sld t retail utlets, cnsumers, r public eating places. GEORGIA I. Lw Acid/Acidified Fd Rules a. Prducers f these fds must have Acid Fd Prcessing - ph Meter - Recrd lg

8 - Have prcess reviewed by Prcessing Authrity Acidified Fd Prcessing: - ph Meter - Certified Thermmeter - Recrd Lg - Prcessed under the authrity f an individual wh has successfully cmpleted the Better Prcess Cntrl Schl - Have schedule prcess fr all prducts reviewed and apprved by prcessing authrity - All schedule prcesses must be filed with FDA fr interstate and GDA fr intrastate cmmerce Lw-acid Fd Prcessing - Retrts prperly equipped as required by CFR - Recrd Lgs - Prcessed under the authrity f an individual wh has successfully cmpleted the Better Prcess Cntrl Schl - Calibrated thermmeters - Have a schedule prcess fr all prducts established by a prcess authrity, including heat transfer test fr specific prducts, cntainers, retrts and sizes, and submitted t FDA. b. Exemptins Lw-risk fds (jams, jellies, baked gds, etc) are exempt frm the Gergia Fd Act when they are sld directly t cnsumers at small farmers markets r festivals spnsred by city, cunty, r nn-prfit rganizatins All prducts must be labeled with: 1. The Cmmn Name f the prduct 2. The Name and Cntact infrmatin f prducer 3. A list f ingredients in the prduct. II. Rules fr Selling Eggs A persn must receive an egg grader s certificate (Candling License) t sell bth restricted and nn-restricted eggs. Restricted Eggs:

9 Restricted eggs include the sale f eggs frm a prducers wn flck at the site f prductin, n a dr-t-dr retail rute, r at an established place f business wned and managed by the prducer and sld directly t a husehld cnsumer as the end user. Prvided that each such sale f restricted eggs shall be limited t n mre than 30 dzen eggs and frm a flck f 3,000 hens r less. The eggs shall cntain n mre lss and/r leakers than allwed in the fficial standards fr U.S. Cnsumer Grade B shell eggs. The prducers f these restricted eggs will be regulated by the Gergia Department f Agriculture but nt required t btain a Fd Sales Establishment License. The eggs must be candled by a licensed candler and fllw labeling, transprting, and string/displaying. Nn-Restricted Eggs: Nn-restricted eggs include the sale f eggs frm a prducer wh intends t sell eggs t retail stre (nt wned and perated by prducer), t a restaurant and/r institutin, r t a facility/individual fr further sale. This type f egg prducer will be required t btain a Fd Sales Establishment License with the Gergia Department f Agriculture and must fllw all guidelines in this dcument including the facility restrictins. LOUISIANA I. State exemptins Prducers f hney, hneycmb prducts, jams, and jellies whse grss revenues d nt meet r exceed $5,000/year are exempt frm any state regulatry. NORTH CAROLINA I. Steps fr Hme Prcessing: Need t fllw guidelines in 21 CFR 110 (Gd Manufacturing Practices (GMP)) Additinal regulatins are required fr pickled (acidified) fds Cde f Federal Regulatins (21 CFR 114) fr Acidified Fds Cde f Federal Regulatins (21 CFR 108) fr Emergency Permit Cntrl Key Requirements: Fd cntact surfaces must be smth and easily cleanable. N pets in the hme at any time.

10 Restrm and hand washing facilities- must have ht and cld running water easily accessible frm prcessing area. Kitchen sink is fr fd preparatin nly, hand washing must be dne in a separate sink. Thermmeter must be kept in refrigeratr t mnitr temperature. Waste must be carried away frm the huse in an acceptable fashin (sewer r septic system) All light bulbs in the kitchen must have prtective shields r be shatter-prf. Must have water inspected if frm well Must sell with apprved label Prduct name Manufacturers name and address Net weight f the prduct in unces/punds and the gram weight equivalent Cmplete list f ingredients in rder f predminance by weight Must have prduct tested thrugh N.C. State University r ther cmmercial lab II. Rules fr Selling Eggs If a farmer sells ver 30 dzen eggs per week, then all f the Nrth Carlina Egg Law applies. Farmers wh sell fewer than 30 dzen eggs per week (ttal, thrugh all markets) are nt required t wash and grade the eggs. Farmers wh fall under the 30 dzen r fewer per week exemptin must include their name and address n the cartn and the wrds "ungraded eggs". These eggs are legal t be sld just like graded eggs - t restaurants, retail grcery stres, farmers' markets, etc. III. Pultry Meat Exemptins: Prducer/Grwer 1,000 bird limit exemptin frm NCDA r USDA Inspectin. 1. The prducer r grwer slaughters n mre that 1,000 healthy birds f his/her wn raising in a calendar year. 2. The prducer r grwer sells/distributes nly pultry prduct prduced frm pultry raised n his/her wn farm. 3. Slaughter and prcessing are cnducted under sanitary standards, practices, and prcedures that prduce prducts that are sund, clean, fit fr human fd and nt adulterated. 4. The prducer r grwer keeps recrds necessary fr the effective enfrcement f the Act. Recrds include slaughter recrds and recrds cvering the sales f pultry prducts t custmers. These recrds are subject t review by FSIS, r state emplyees, t determine cmpliance with the requirement fr sales nt t exceed 1,000 pultry in a calendar year.

11 5. The pultry prducts may nt mve in interstate cmmerce, where the exchange f transprtatin f pultry prducts is between states and/r U.S. territries as specified in 9 CFR (c)(3). Slaughter and /r prcess greater than 1,000 but n mre than 20,000 pultry per calendar year. Intrastate cmmerce nly. Adulteratin prvisins f the act apply. Special labeling apply depending n the exemptin. TENNESSEE I. Rules fr Prcessing in a Dmestic Kitchen: Only nn-ptentially hazardus fds can be prduced in a dmestic kitchen. This includes jam, jellies, candy and baked gds Have successfully cmpleted the Tennessee Fd Safety Certificatin Curse presented by the University f Tennessee Department f Fd Science and Technlgy r equivalent as determined by the Tennessee Department f Agriculture Cannt exceed 100 units f sale per week Need t fllw guidelines in 21 CFR 110 (Gd Manufacturing Practices (GMP)). Key Requirements fr GMP s: Fd cntact surfaces must be smth and easily cleanable. N pets in the hme at any time. Restrm and hand washing facilities- must have ht and cld running water easily accessible frm prcessing area. Kitchen sink is fr fd preparatin nly, hand washing must be dne in a separate sink. Thermmeter must be kept in refrigeratr t mnitr temperature. Waste must be carried away frm the huse in an acceptable fashin (sewer r septic system) All light bulbs in the kitchen must have prtective shields r be shatter-prf. Must have water inspected if frm well Hair restraints and clean uter garments which must be wrn by all persns in the dmestic kitchen during prcessing, preparing, packaging, r handling f cmmercial fds Must sell with apprved label Prduct name Manufacturers name and address Net weight f the prduct in unces/punds and the gram weight equivalent

12 Cmplete list f ingredients in rder f predminance by weight II. Rules fr Selling Eggs Abve 3,000 birds: All eggs are inspected USDA regulatins Belw 3,000 birds but mre than 50 cases a year: Separate facility (cannt utilize husehld kitchen) meeting current Gd Manufacturing Practices (GMP's) must be utilized. Emphasis shuld be placed n easy cleanable flrs with flr drains in the areas where eggs will be handled. Facility wuld als require tight fitting self clsing uter drs, easy cleanable walls, shielded lights in prcessing area, sufficient ht and cld water, sufficient sinks t clean and sanitize the eggs, separate hand washing sink Negative water test fr clifrm required annually if water surce is frm nn public system. Restrm wuld be required at facility if emplyees are nn family members. Waste dispsal system, including waste water frm flr drains, t be apprved by the Health Department. Eggs must be cleaned and then sanitized in a slutin f ppm f unscented chlrine (test strips required), and then rinsed with ptable water. Eggs must be stred belw 45 degrees F. with an accurate thermmeter visible in the strage area. Generic cartns must be prvided with the prducers name and address n each cartn. "Cde dates" r "sell by dates", which may be used as lt numbers, are recmmended t be placed n the utside f each egg cartn. Eggs must be candled & graded and each case r prtin theref must cntain a candling certificate at least 2 inches by 4 inches indicating the prducers name, address, date f grading, TDA permit number, and the name f the persn ding the candling & grading. Facility must be inspected and permitted by TDA. Permit as 615 type 015 (Eggs and egg prducts). Fee relative t size f area used t clean, grade, candle, and stre eggs. Inspectin will include randm candling and grading. TDA will assist and/r crdinate training n candling & grading. Belw 50 cases a year: Same rules as Belw 3000 birds/less than 50 cases except fr f separate facilities and candling