CITING SOURCES: MLA STYLE 7 th Edition

Transcription

1 LIBRARY CITING SOURCES: MLA STYLE 7 th Edition Contents: Page Print Sources 2-5 Non Print Media 5 Library Databases 6 Internet Websites 7 Internet Sources with print equivalent 8 In-Text Citation & Example Works Cited Page 8-10 This guide contains examples for citations of print and electronic sources recommended by the Modern Language Association (MLA) 7 th Edition (2009). When using the examples, be sure to follow the spacing and punctuation exactly, with periods, commas, and colons in the same places. Check with your instructor to confirm that the MLA style is an acceptable documentation style for your assignment. What s new in the 7 th edition? TITLES: When citing the titles of books, periodicals, websites, online databases, etc, italicized type is now used instead of underlining. MEDIUM OF SOURCE: The medium of every source must be listed, e.g. print; web; DVD; TV; interview, etc. URLs: URLs or Web addresses are no longer required when citing websites. NEW ABBREVIATIONS: When citing websites, use n.p. if no publisher is given, or n.d. if no date is provided. For online journals that appear only online, or on databases that do not provide pagination, write n. pag. When do I need to cite a source? Any time you use a direct quote, paraphrase something you have read, or use a specific idea or fact from your reading, you must cite the source. For more information about MLA style: MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers Ref LB 2369.G Purdue University Writing Lab: Duke Univ. Library website: owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/01/ library.duke.edu/research/citing/index.html

2 PRINT SOURCES Remember to DOUBLE SPACE and INDENT all but first lines. Book by one author (print source) Author Last name, First name. Title of Book: Subtitle. City of publication: Publisher, Year. Print. Krakauer, John. Under the Banner of Heaven: a Story of Violent Faith. New York: Doubleday, Print. Book by two or three authors (print source) Author Last name, First name, and First name Last name. Title of Book: Subtitle. City of publication: Publisher, Year. Print. Riddell, Peter, and Peter Cotterell. Islam in Context: Past, Present, and Future. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, Print. Cruickshank, William, Robert C. Morse, and Jeannie S. Johns. Learning Disabilities: The Struggle from Adolescence Toward Adulthood. Syracuse: Syracuse UP, Print. Book by more than three authors (print source) Author Last name, First name, et. al, Title of Book: Subtitle. City of publication: Publisher, Year. Print. Burton, Tony, et. al. Wind Energy: Handbook. Boston: J. Wiley, Print. Book with an editor (print source) Editor Last name, First name, ed. Title of book: Subtitle. City of publication: Publisher, Year. Print. Lopate, Philip, ed. The Art of the Personal Essay: an Anthology from the Classical Era to the Present. New York: Doubleday, Print. 2

3 Part of a book, such as a poem, essay, story, chapter, etc. (print source) Author Last name, First name. "Title of Part." Title of Book: Subtitle. City of publication: Publisher, Year. Page numbers. Print. McMillan, Terry. The Way I See It. Gumbo: A Celebration of African American Writing. New York: Harlem Moon/Broadway Books, Print. Part of a book - no author or editor (print source) Title of Part Used. Title of Book: Subtitle. City of publication: Publisher, Year. Page numbers. Print. Visa International. Hoover s Handbook of American Business Austin: Hoovers, Inc., Print. Book in series - Author /Editor, no individual chapter authors (print source) **If a book in a series is written by one or more authors or editors use this format: Author Last name, First name. Title of Book: Subtitle. City of publication: Publisher, Year. Print. Series name. Ferguson, John E. Reproductive Rights. New York: Chelsea House, Print. Point/Counterpoint Ser. Stancke, Jennifer, ed. Alternatives to Prisons. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, Print. At Issue Ser. Book in series Editor, Individual chapter authors (print source) ** If a book in a series has chapters written by individual authors, use this format: Author Last name, First name. Title of Chapter or Part. Title of Book: Subtitle. Editor s name. City of publication: Publisher, Year. Page numbers. Print. Series name. Thompson, Michael. Teens Need Privacy from Parents. Online Social Networking. Ed. Sylvia Engdahl. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, Print. Current Controversies Ser. 3

4 Encyclopedia article - signed by an author (print source) Author Last name, First name. "Title of Article." Title of Encyclopedia. Year. Print. Reimers, David. "Immigration." The World Book Encyclopedia Print. Government publication (print source) Government. Agency name. Title of Publication: Subtitle. City of publication: Publisher, Year. Print. United States. National Commission on Libraries and Information Science. Kids and the Internet: The Promise and the Perils. Washington: GPO, Print. Magazine article (print source) Author Last name, First name. "Title of Article." Title of Magazine Day Month Year (of issue): Page numbers. Print. Sinderbrand, Rebecca. A Shameful Little Secret: North Carolina Confronts its History of Forced Sterilization. Newsweek 28 Mar. 2005: Print. Newspaper article (print source) Author Last name, First name. "Title of Article." Name of Newspaper Day Month Year (of issue), edition: Section Page numbers. Print. Blakeslee, Sandra. Colicky Baby? Read This Before Calling an Exorcist. New York Times 8 Mar. 2005, natl. ed.: D1+. Print. Academic or scholarly journal article (print source) Author Last name, First name. "Title of Article." Title of Journal volume number. issue number (Year): Page numbers. Print. Mariscal, Jorge. Negotiating Cesar: Cesar Chavez in the Chicano Movement. AZTLAN: A Journal of Chicano Studies 29.1 (2004): Print. 4

5 Previously published journal article in a collection (print source) Author Last name, First name. Title of Article. Title of Original Journal volume number. issue number (year): Page numbers. Rpt. in (this stands for reprinted in ) Title of collection. Ed. Editor s Name. Volume number. City of publication: Publisher, Year. Page numbers. Print. Holman, Hugh. The Unity of Faulkner s Light in August. PMLA 73.1 (1958): Rpt. in Novels for Students. Ed. Mark Milne. Vol. 24. Detroit: Gale, Print. NON PRINT MEDIA or SOURCE Film, DVD or video (non-print media) Title: Subtitle. Creative credits (writer, director, producer, performers, etc.). Distributor. Date of release. Format. (DVD or Video or Film) It s a Wonderful Life. Dir. Frank Capra. Perf. James Stewart, Donna Reed, Lionel Barrymore, and Thomas Mitchell. Republic DVD. Sound recording (non-print media) Composer, conductor or performer name. Title of Specific Piece. Title of the Recording. Manufacturer name, date. Format. (MP3 file or CD or LP etc.) Holiday, Billie. God Bless the Child. The Essence of Billie Holiday. Columbia, LP. Interview you conducted (non-print source) Last name, First name of person interviewed. Kind of interview. Date of interview. Depp, Johnny. Personal Interview. 19 Dec

6 LIBRARY DATABASES NOTE: Most online subscription databases such as Academic OneFile or Academic Search Premier, or ebook databases provide formatted MLA and APA citations. These are usually found at the end of an article, or through a citation link provided somewhere on the text page. After a citation is copied and pasted into a works cited, it should be checked for spacing, indentation and accuracy. Magazine or Journal Database (library subscripton database) Author Last name, First name. Title of Article. Title of Journal volume number. issue number (Year): Page numbers (if not available, use n. pag.). Name of Database. Web. Date of access. Harris, Barbara J. "Defining Themselves: English Aristocratic Women, " Journal of British Studies 49.4 (2010): Academic OneFile. Web. 3 May Newspaper Database (library subscription database) Author Last name, First name. "Title of Article." Name of Newspaper Day Month Year (of issue): Page numbers (if not available use n. pag.). Name of Database. Web. Date of access. Slonaker, Larry. Alternative School s Practices Questioned. San Jose Mercury News 26 Mar. 2005: n. pag. LexisNexis Academic. Web. 9 Apr Other Databases (library subscription database) Author Last name, First name. (if given). Title of Article. Day Month Year. (use Year if Day and Month are unavailable, or n.d. for no date). Name of Database. Web. Date of access. Country Review: Brazil Country Watch. Web. 19 Dec

7 INTERNET WEBSITES Web-based article or Web page Author Last name, First name (if available). Title of Page (if applicable). Name of Overall Website (if different from the title). Publisher or Sponsor of the Site (if not available use n.p.), Day Month Year (if not available use n.d.). Web. Date of access. <URL> (URL is optional). Basics About Diabetes. Diabetes Public Health Resource. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Web. 16 May < "Continental Drift." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, Web. 17 May Eaves, Morris and Robert Essick, eds. The William Blake Archive. Lib. Of Cong., n.d. Web. 20 Nov Greeen, Joshua. The Rove Presidency. The Atlantic.com. Atlantic Monthly Group, Sept Web. 23 May Maplewood, New Jersey. Map. Google Maps. Google, 15 May Web. 23 May The Scientists Speak. Editorial. New York Times. New York Times, 20 Nov Web. 23 May Tyre, Peg. Standardized Tests in College? Newsweek. Newsweek, 16 Nov Web. 23 May Utah Mine Rescue Funeral. CNN.com. Cable News Network, 21 Aug Web. 23 May Verb Tenses. Chart. The OWL at Purdue. Purdue U Online Writing Lab, Web. 15 May

8 INTERNET SOURCES WITH A PRINT EQUIVALENT: Online Book or ebook Author Last name, First name. Title. City of Publication: Publisher, Year. Database or Website name (if Applicable). Web. Series Name (if applicable). Date of access. Johnson, James Weldon. The Book of American Negro Poetry. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, Bartelby.com. Web. 16 Oct Online journal article Author Last name, First name. "Title of Article." Title of Journal volume number. issue number (Year): Page numbers (if not available use n. pag.). Web. Date of access. <URL> (URL is optional). Evans, Kristina C. Can a Leopard Change His Spots? The Duke Journal of Gender Law and Policy (2004): n. pag. Web. 17 May Remember: Many Internet resources do not supply all the information for a full citation. In such cases, cite the information that is available. URLs are now optional. IN-TEXT CITATION (parenthetical acknowledgement) The MLA documentation system eliminates the need for footnotes by using parenthetical acknowledgements in the body of the paper. These brief citations refer the reader to the complete citation found on the Works Cited page at the end of a report or research paper. The in-text citation is placed in the body of the paper following the specific part of the text to which it applies. If the citation comes at the end of a sentence, it is placed before the period. The in-text citation usually consists of the author's last name and a page reference enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, provide the first words of the title. 8

9 In-text citation (example) By the end of the Middle Ages, wealthy families, such as the Medici in Florence, were the most influential art patrons (Stokstad 620). Complete citation for the in-text citation above Stokstad, Marilyn. Art History. Upper Saddle River: Pearson, Prentice Hall, Print. WORKS CITED LIST Some points to keep in mind when compiling a Works Cited list: Begin the Works Cited list on a new page at the end of the paper. Number the page as a continuation of the text. Standard type font is 12 point Times New Roman. Center the title, Works Cited, one inch from the top of the page. Use double spacing. Arrange the Works Cited alphabetically according to the first element of the citation, (usually the author s name or the title). For example, if the source you are citing does not contain an author's name, begin the entry with the title. If the first word of a title is an article (a, an, or the), alphabetize by the second word. Capitalize the first, last, and all principal words of a title. The second line (and any additional lines) of a citation is indented five spaces or ½. See Sample Works Cited Page Below 9

10 Works Cited (Sample page) Balbert, Peter. Configurations of the Ego: Studies of Mailer, Roth and Salinger. Studies In the Novel 12.1 (1980): 73. Literary Reference Center. Web. 9 Oct Holman, Hugh. The Unity of Faulkner s Light in August. PMLA 73.1 (1958): Rpt. in Novels for Students. Ed. Mark Milne. Vol. 24. Detroit: Gale, Print. Krakauer, John. Under the Banner of Heaven: a Story of Violent Faith. New York: Doubleday, Print. McMillan, Terry. The Way I See It. Gumbo: A Celebration of African American Writing. New York: Harlem Moon/Broadway Books, Print. Peer Connections Mentoring Program. Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Resource Center. University of California, Riverside. n.d. Web. 17 Oct < >. Slonaker, Larry. Alternative School s Practices Questioned. San Jose Mercury News 26 Mar. 2005: n pag. LexisNexis Academic. Web. 1 Oct Update: Hate Crime Laws. 5 Aug Facts.com Issues and Controversies. Web. 10 Oct /23/2012 lm & js 10