TEACHERS GUIDE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM By Ann Edson M.Ed Approximate Running Time 15:00 EA Video, Inc. Distributed by 6677 North Northwest Highway Chicago, IL 60631 800-829-1900 773-775-9550 fax: 800-624-1678 fax: 773-775-5091 CustServ@SVEmedia.com www.svemedia.com
TABLE OF CONTENTS About the Author........................................................... i This Program Contains.......................................................1 Intended Audience..........................................................1 Course Suitability...........................................................1 Rationale..................................................................1 Overview.................................................................1 Performance Objectives.......................................................1 Classroom Teaching Strategies..................................................2 Other Programs in the Human Body System Series...................................2 Credits...................................................................2 Support Material............................................................3 Pre-Viewing Activities........................................................3 Post-Viewing Activities.......................................................3 Bibliography...............................................................4......................................................5-13 Word List...........................................................5-6 Glossary............................................................7-8 Video Activity One......................................................9 Video Activity Two.....................................................10 Video Activity Three....................................................11 Video Activity Four....................................................12 Program Examination...................................................13 Answer Key..........................................................14
Respiratory System ABOUT THE AUTHOR Ann Edson, M.ED., former elementary school principal, teacher and adjunct professor in education at Adelphi University, is a National Education Consultant. She has authored many programs in mathematics and science including CELLS, CRACK and SMOKING S NOT FOR WINNERS. i
Respiratory System THIS PROGRAM CONTAINS 1-Video cassette 1-Teachers guide INTENDED AUDIENCE Grades 4-8 COURSE SUITABILITY Appropriate for all science and health courses in which the human body systems are covered. RATIONALE The study of the human body is an integral part of science & health in the elementary grades. The video promotes healthful eating, exercise, and not smoking to keep the human body functioning at its best. Combining a process/hands - on approach with this interactive video allows students to extend their knowledge of the human body systems. OVERVIEW Students will learn why the respiratory system controls one of the most important processes of life- breathing. Illustrates both external and internal respiration. Animated graphics capture students attention while interactive activities during the video reinforce the concepts. Emphasis on exercising and not smoking can help prevent many respiratory diseases. PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES After viewing and interacting with this program, students will be able to: Recall what the alveoli is. Understand why the nose filters air better. Relate the two different types of respiration. Describe what causes the common cold. Locate where the vocal cords are. 1
Respiratory System CLASSROOM TEACHING STRATEGIES This is an interactive program. Have students prepared to watch this program with a pencil and a sheet of paper. Students should be ready to answer questions during the playing of the video. Each question has a period of ten seconds to answer. OTHER PROGRAMS IN THE HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS SERIES Digestive system Circulatory system Nervous system Muscular system Skeletal system CREDITS Produced By................................... Richard Harris Videotape Editor........................ Renee Green/Joe Haegele Recorded By..................................... Rich Lepage Narrator....................................... Rick Adamson Computer Art....................Harry Carlisle/Kati Sontag/Al Levy Written By................................. Ann Edson M. ED. SPECIAL THANKS TO American Heart Association Texas Heart Institute Sears Video Network New York City Convention & Tourism Bureau Mr. Wizard Studio IBM, Inc. American Red Cross University of Texas 2
Respiratory System PRE-VIEWING ACTIVITIES 1) Have students familiarize themselves with the words in the word list, either by class discussions or by looking up the definitions. 2) Have the students write a short essay on the respiratory system. Guide a discussion summarizing the main ideas in the essays. POST-VIEWING ACTIVITIES 1) Have the students evaluate all their suggestions on how they describe the respiratory system and let the class prepare a final listing of the characteristics of the respiratory system taught in the video. 2) Have students write an essay using the list of characteristics from activity one. 3) Have students complete the activity sheets and crossword puzzle. 4) Administer the program examination. 3
Respiratory System BIBLIOGRAPHY Clayman, Charles. MD The Human Body. New York: Dorling Kindersley, 1995 Siepak, Karen L. Body Systems and Organs. North Carolina: Carson - Dellosa, 1995 Crotts, Deborah. Biological Science. California: Frank Schaffer, 1994 O Tool, Norma. Body Systems. Milken, 1984 Corbell, Jean - Claude. The Facts on File Visual Dictionary. Canada: Editions Quebec/Amerique 1986 4
Respiratory System WORD LIST Alveoli Bronchi Bronchial Tubes Capillaries Carbon Dioxide Cilia Diaphragm Epiglottis Esophagus Exhaling Inhaling Larynx 5
Respiratory System WORD LIST (Cont d) Lungs Mucous Membrane Nostrils Oxygen Respiration Throat Trachea Voice Box 6
Alveoli - The air cells in the lungs. GLOSSARY Bronchi - Plural of bronchus, two main branches of the trachea, leading directly to the lungs. Bronchial Tube - A bronchus or any of its branches. Capillaries - A blood vessel with a very slender, hair like opening. Capillaries join the end of an artery to the beginning of a vein. Carbon Dioxide - A colorless, odorless, incombustible gas formed during respiration. Cilia - Very small, hair like projections, composed of microtubules and capable of a whip like motion, found on certain kind of cells. Diaphragm - A dome shaped partition composed of muscles and tendons which separates the cavity of the chest from the cavity of the abdomen and is important in respiration. Epiglottis - A thin, triangular plate of cartilage that covers the entrance to the windpipe during swallowing, so that food and drink do not get into the lungs. Esophagus - The tubular passage for food from the pharynx to the stomach. Exhaling - To release or emit in the process of respiration. Inhaling - To take in or absorb oxygen. Respiratory System Larynx - The upper part of the respiratory tract between the pharynx and the trachea. It is lined with cartilage and contains the vocal cords. 7
Respiratory System GLOSSARY (Cont d) Lungs - Either of two spongy, sac like respiratory organs, occupying the chest together with the heart, and functioning to remove carbon dioxide from the blood and provide it with oxygen. Mucous membrane - The lining of the nose, throat, digestive tract, and other passages and cavities of the body that are open to the air. It consists of tissue containing glands that secrete mucous. Nostril - Either of the two external openings in the nose. Air is breathed into the lungs, and odors are detected by the olfactory bulbs in the upper parts of the nostrils. Oxygen - A colorless, odorless, and tasteless gaseous element that forms about fifth of the atmosphere by volume. Oxygen is essential for humans, plants, and animals respiration. Respiration - The energy releasing process by which a living organism or cell obtains oxygen from the air or water, distributes it to the cells, uses it for oxidation of food materials, and gives off carbon dioxide. Throat - The part of the body passing from the mouth through the neck to the stomach or the lungs. Trachea - A thin walled tube of cartilaginous and membranous tissue descending from the larynx to the bronchi and carrying air to the lungs. Also called the wind pipe. Voice Box - The larynx 8
Activity Sheet #1 Respiratory System Multiple Choice 1) Your trachea is about inches long. A) 4 1/3 B) 3 C) 4 1/2 D) 2 1/2 2) The bottom of the trachea divides into two tubes called the tubes. A) bronchial B) esophagus C) larynx D) diaphragm 3) The is the chief muscle used in breathing. It is shaped like a dome. A) nostrils B) heart C) lungs D) diaphragm 4) When you eat, the prevents food from entering your trachea when you swallow. A) esophagus B) alveoli C) larynx D) epiglottis 5) Your nostrils are lined with little hairs called. A) alveoli B) cilia C) capillaries D) larynx 6) respiration happens in the lungs when oxygen is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled A) Internal B) Esophagus C) Epiglottis D) External 7) respiration happens in your body s tissues when oxygen in your blood is burned in the cells to create energy. A) Internal B) Esophagus C) Epiglottis D) External 9
Activity Sheet #2 Respiratory System Mark True or False 1) Your respiratory system is made up of your nostrils, nasal passages, throat, voice box, trachea, bronchi, bronchial tubes, lungs, and alveoli. True False 2) At the back of your throat, there are two tubes: The windpipe, or trachea, and the epiglottis. True False 3) Your trachea is about 2 inches long and at the bottom it divides into two tubes called the bronchial tubes. True False 4) The diaphragm is the chief muscle used in breathing. True False 5) The blast of air from a cough may be moving up to 70 miles per hour. True False 6) Just at the top of your trachea is your voice box, or larynx. It s made of cartilage and it really is shaped like a box. True False 7) Each time you breathe in, called inhaling, you are taking in a fresh supply of air which is rich in oxygen. True False 8) When you eat, the epiglottis, prevents food from entering your trachea when you swallow. This is why you can breath and swallow at the same time. True False 10
Activity Sheet #3 Respiratory System Label the Respiratory System 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 WORD BOX Nasal Passages Bronchial Tubes Epiglottis Lungs Trachea Alveoli Larynx Diaphragm 8 11
Activity Sheet #4 Respiratory System Word Search B F B Q D G I T G R N E H J F H S R E S P I R A T O R Y I T J U O G J M J A K V S H K N E L U N G S L W C I L T X M O S M U C O U S N H T H R O A T O P A H L O R B E Q B I X M U P W O I S E P R A W F L Y G Q H I S A L V E O L I T S G L I A N T L I M X N V N P W E A I G D O U N U L C Y D R V N R Z U P U X H V M H C P V Y B Y N S I X A A X C I L I A H Y N E Y P Z C L A Q W B P K A D X C R E N B E X T E R N A L O C F E WORD BOX RESPIRATORY LARYNX MUCOUS EXTERNAL NOSTRILS ALVEOLI THROAT ESOPHAGUS BRONCHI OXYGEN CILIA WINDPIPE INHALE BRONCHIAL LUNGS TRACHEA 12
Program Examination Respiratory System Select the word from the word box that best completes the statement or question. Word Box Trachea Oxygen Larynx Esophagus Mucous Carbon Dioxide Cilia Respiration Diaphragm Epiglottis 1) Your nostrils are lined with little hairs called and a thick liquid called. 2) The is part of the digestive system. It leads to your stomach. 3) When you eat, the prevents food from entering your trachea when you swallow. 4) The is the chief muscle used in breathing. It is shaped like a dome. 5 is the act of breathing. Moving air into and out of your body. 6) When you exhale you are releasing left over and other waste. 7) Each time you inhale you are taking in the fresh oxygen that is vital for every life function. 8) Just at the top of your is your voice box, or. It s made of cartilage and it really is shaped like a box. 13
PROGRAM ANSWER KEY Respiratory System Activity #1 1) C 2) A 3) D 4) D 5) B 6) D 7) A 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) T 5) T 6) T 7) T 8) F Activity #2 Activity #3 1) Nasal Passage 2) Epiglottis 3) Larynx/Voice Box 4) Trachea 5) Bronchial Tubes 6) Lungs 7) Diaphragm 8) Alveoli Activity #4 B F B Q D G I T G R N E H J F H S R E S P I R A T O R Y I T J U O G J M J A K V S H K N E L U N G S L W C I L T X M O S M U C O U S N H T H R O A T O P A H L O R B E Q B I X M U P W O I S E P R A W F L Y G Q H I S A L V E O L I T S G L I A N T L I M X N V N P W E A I G D O U N U L C Y D R V N R Z U P U X H V M H C P V Y B Y N S I X A A X C I L I A H Y N E Y P Z C L A Q W B P K A D X C R E N B E X T E R N A L O C F E Program Examination 1) 2) Cilia/Mucous Esophagus 3) Epiglottis 4) Diaphragm 5) Respiration 6) Carbon Dioxide 7) Oxygen 8) Trachea/Larynx 14