Lund, May 13, 2013 Buildings of tomorrow Reduction of energy use and increased use of renewable energy Maria Wall Energy and Building Design Lund University, Sweden Energy costs are increasing Increased interest in climate and environmental issues Directives from the EU (energy-efficiency, renewable energy supply, CO 2 -emmissions, reach zero-energy energy buildings in 2020 etc) Increased interest in building passive houses and other low-energy buildings Maria Wall / Lund University 1
The passive house principle Solar collector for Domestic Hot Water Well insulated and airtight building envelope Window airing and shading during warm periods Vestibule Illustration: Pertti Salonen Heating supplied by electricity or hot water (from district heating, biomass burner etc) Mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (80%) 180 Energy Use 160 Delivered energy (kwh/ /m²a) 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 32 32 96 Household Electricity Fans & Pumps Domestic Hot Water Space Heating 31.8 6.7 15.2** - 60%! 0 Existing houses * *Source: The Swedish Energy Agency 14.3 Lindås (monitored) **) contribution from solar collectors: 8.9 kwh/m²a Total DHW use: 15.2 + 8.9 = 24.1 kwh/m²a Maria Wall / Lund University 2
Development and learning process 2001 Lindås Research and development funded by Formas and EU Monitoring i and evaluations of the project in Lindås 2004 2006 2006 2007 2008 Glumslöv Värnamo Frillesås Lidköping Alingsås And more projects Landskrona plan for new passive houses and exhibitions New apartment buildings planned by the same client New buildings planned by the same client And more Not OR but AND Popular to discuss in terms of - Passive houses/low-energy energy houses OR district heating? - District heating OR solar energy systems? - Concrete construction OR wooden construction? - Biomass OR solar energy OR wind power? No single solution is possible We do not have unlimited No single solution is possible. We do not have unlimited recourses of renewables We need many different solutions and combinations to reach the goals! Maria Wall / Lund University 3
Integrate solar systems in buildings IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme Task 41: Solar Energy and Architecture Reduce the energy demand Increase the use of renewable energy This will increase the use of the building envelope as an active solar collector! thus, highly influence the building s architecture and the urban landscape Solar systems with high performance X no acceptability = No performance! Operating Agent: Maria Wall, Lund University, Sweden http://task41.iea-shc.org/ Maria Wall / Lund University 4
IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme Task 41: Solar Energy and Architecture Subtask C Architect Karin Kappel Solar City Copenhagen www.solarcitycopenhagen.dk Engineer Olaf Bruun Jørgensen Esbensen Consulting Engineers www.esbensen.dk Architect Rolf Hagen CONTEXT www.context.as http://task41.iea-shc.org/ Xeliox Energy Lab, Medolago (BG), Solar Manufacturer. Factory, Italy. Architect: Marco Acerbis. Façade: solar thermal + PV + glass (daylight) Roof: parabolic concentrating Roof: parabolic concentrating solar system (cooling + heating) Maria Wall / Lund University 5
Renovation into office/hotel Emmanuel Saadi Architecture, 2007 Photovoltaics 330 modules, 1010 m² 76 000 kwh / 123 kwp IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme Task 51: Solar Energy in Urban Planning New urban area development Existing urban area development Kanters, J. (2012) Sensitive/protected landscapes (solar fields) Munari iprobst, M.C MC& Roecker, C. EPFL (2011). Operating Agent: Maria Wall, Lund University, Sweden http://task51.iea-shc.org/ Maria Wall / Lund University 6
My vision 2050 Fulfill a net zero energy balance of buildings (clusters), for new buildings and existing buildings! healthy, comfortable and affordable - NZEB means buildings with a very low energy demand d and with renewable energy supply - Use building envelopes as energy producers as well - Energy and environmental issues a natural part of the design process and building design not only in good examples - Follow up on building performance. Lessons learnt, used in new building projects. The vision - and the opportunity - is to make architectural design a driving force for the use of solar energy Photo: EPFL-LESO Solar Energy and Architecture / Maria Wall Sunny Woods, residential building Beat Kämpfen Architects, Switzerland Maria Wall / Lund University 7