Chemistry Agenda 10/24/2016 and 10/25/2016 New Slip quiz Elements - individual research - sorting the elements activity and Summary worksheet Slip quiz
Slip Quiz Copy the diagram below and label the colored arrows correctly with the phase changes melting, freezing, evaporating and condensing. Add energy Remove energy
Slip Quiz melting evaporating freezing condensing
Slip Quiz Add energy to system from surroundings (system absorbs energy, endothermic process) melting evaporating freezing condensing
Slip Quiz freezing condensing system releases energy into the surroundings (exothermic process)
Melting Point The temperature at which the liquid phase and the solid phase of a given substance can coexist. (p. 405) This temperature is a characteristic physical property of many pure substances including elements. For a crystalline solid m.pt. is the temperature at which the forces holding the crystal lattice together are broken and the solid becomes a liquid. While a solid is melting it will absorb heat energy but the temperature will not increase until all the solid has melted.
Boiling Point The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the external or atmospheric pressure. At its boiling point molecules throughout the liquid have enough energy to vaporize (make the transition into the vapor or gas phase). Bubbles of vapor collect below the surface of the liquid and rise to the surface. (p. 406) The boiling point of a pure liquid is a useful characteristic physical property of the pure liquid - including elements.
Elements - state at room temperature If Solid, then mpt of element > 20 Liquid, then mpt< 20 > bpt Gas, then mpt and bpt < 20
You - The Elements - Atomic #1-36 Stand in order you were used/ discovered Prepare to state: Element name When discovered /or isolated By whom (if known)
You - The elements - Atomic #1-36 Now stand in atomic number order - be ready to state: Name and natural state (solid, liquid, gas)
You - The elements - Atomic #1-36 Now stand in atomic number order - but now start new rows (periods) where we should notice similarities in valency and reactivity. Be ready to state: Metal / metalloid/ non-metal Anything about reactivity?
Metals (all solids at room temp, one liquid, mercury) shiny when smooth and clean, malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity If react with acids (or water) - displace hydrogen React with oxygen to produce basic oxides (ph > 7 when dissolved in water)
You - the elements - share either or both of yours Metals - uses Nonmetals - uses Metalloids - uses
Nonmetals (some solids, one liquid- bromine, rest gases) brittle if solid; poor conductors of heat and electricity Noble Gases - unreactive (exist as monatomic particles in the gas phase, no molecules) Halogens - reactive - (salt formers)
All Elements Metals (all solids at room temp, one liquid, mercury) shiny when smooth and clean, malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity Metalloids - have physical and chemical properties of both metals and nonmetals Nonmetals (some solids, one liquid- bromine, rest gases) brittle if solid; poor conductors of heat and electricity
The Periodic Table - Patterns and Useful Classifications Nonmetals (some solids, one liquid, rest gases) C N O F P S Cl
The Periodic Table - Patterns and Useful Classifications Metals metalloids Nonmetals C N O F P S Cl At Unknown - not enough
solids liquids gases N O F Cl Br Hg Unknown - not enough
Main Group Transition Elements Transition Metals Inner Transition Metals
Other Useful Names and where they belong:
Alkali Metals Group 1A, Group 1 Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2A, Group 2 1 2
Halogens Group 7A, Group 17 Noble Gases Group 8A, Group 18 1 2 17 18
Halogens Group 7A, Group 17 Noble Gases Group 8A, Group 18 1 2 17 18 Lanthanides Actinides
Periods - go across the periodic table - rows 2 elements 1
Periods - go across the periodic table - rows 8 elements (2.8. 2
Periods - go across the periodic table - rows 8 elements (2.8.8. 3
Periods - go across the periodic table - rows 18 elements (2.8.8.18 4
Periods - go across the periodic table - rows 18 elements (2.8.8.18.18. 5
Periods - go across the periodic table - rows 32 elements (2.8.8.18.18.32 6 Lanthanides - part of period 6
Periods - go across the periodic table - rows 32 elements (2.8.8.18.18.32.32) 7 Actinides - part of period 7
Slip Quiz 1. What is the name for Group 1 elements? 2. What is the name for Group 2 elements? 3. What is the name for Group 18 elements? 4. What is the name for Group 17 elements? 5. Which group of elements exist as monatomic gases?
Homework Complete The Elements (Chapter 7) packet And 6.1 notes if you think you can do better now. Turn in on Friday if you do do more work.