Student Study Guide: Energy Rules! Name: Class / Period: Instructions: Enter the term, its definition, or an example as indicated. Energy: energy the energy of an object or substance in movement; sometimes just called kinetic energy energy the energy an object has due to place or position, such as its height above the Earth; a form of potential energy energy the energy of electrons (negatively charged particles) moving or flowing within a substance energy electromagnetic energy that travels in waves; also called radiant energy energy the internal energy of a substance due to random vibration and movement of its atoms and molecules; also called thermal energy energy energy that moves through substances (like air) by compression waves; sound energy energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms and molecules energy energy stored in the nucleus of an atom; the energy that holds an atom together; sometimes called atomic energy Laws of Thermodynamics: 52
Student Study Guide: Energy Rules! Name: TEACHER ANSWER KEY Class / Period: Instructions: Enter the term, its definition, or an example as indicated. Energy: the capacity to do work or create change motion energy the energy of an object or substance in movement; sometimes just called kinetic energy a person dancing, car in motion, a thrown ball, flowing water, etc. gravitational energy the energy an object has due to place or position, such as its height above the Earth; a form of potential energy a rock on the edge of a cliff, water behind a dam, etc. electric energy the energy of electrons (negatively charged particles) moving or flowing within a substance electricity in power lines or home wiring, electricity from a battery light energy electromagnetic energy that travels in waves; also called radiant energy sunlight, the light of a lamp or of a TV or computer monitor, etc. heat energy the internal energy of a substance due to random vibration and movement of its atoms and molecules; also called thermal energy heat from the burner of a stove, charcoal grill, forest fire, etc. sound energy energy that moves through substances (like air) by compression waves; sound any kind of sound - from a human, machine, animal, Discman, etc. chemical energy energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms and molecules energy plants store by photosynthesis, any food we eat, coal, oil nuclear energy energy stored in the nucleus of an atom; the energy that holds an atom together; sometimes called atomic energy uranium at a nuclear power plant; plutonium in a nuclear bomb Laws of Thermodynamics: The total amount of energy in the universe is constant. Energy can be neither created nor destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another. 53
Student Worksheet: Animations Name: Class / Period: Instructions: Go online to http://www.poweringourfuture.com/students and select Energy Transformations. View each energy transformation and fill in the blanks below with the kinds of energy involved. 1. In a portable stereo, energy is changed to 2. When you burn wood in a campfire, energy is converted to and light energy. 3. In a computer monitor, energy is transformed into energy and sound energy. 4. Through the process of photosynthesis, energy from the sun is changed to stored 5. If you place a ball at the edge of a hill, and it rolls downhill, energy is changed to 6. In a flashlight, the energy in batteries is changed to electric energy and then to 7. In a fan, energy is changed to 8. When water held behind a dam is released, energy is converted first to 9. At a hydropower facility, the energy of flowing water can be used to spin a turbine and power a generator, creating 10. In a photovoltaic panel, the energy of the sun is converted directly into 11. In a car, the energy in gasoline is burned to create heat energy, which is converted to 12. In a propane-powered chili roaster, energy is burned to create 13. In a modern wind turbine, energy is converted to 14. A stove uses electric energy or energy to create 15. When we run, the energy stored in our muscles is converted to 54
Student Worksheet: Animations Name: TEACHER ANSWER KEY Class / Period: Instructions: Go online to http://www.poweringourfuture.com/students and select Energy Transformations. View each energy transformation and fill in the blanks below with the kinds of energy involved. 1. In a portable stereo, electric energy is changed to sound energy. 2. When you burn wood in a campfire, chemical energy is converted to heat and light energy. 3. In a computer monitor, electric energy is transformed into light energy and sound energy. 4. Through the process of photosynthesis, light energy from the sun is changed to stored chemical energy. 5. If you place a ball at the edge of a hill, and it rolls downhill, gravitational energy is changed to motion (kinetic) (potental) energy. 6. In a flashlight, the chemical energy in batteries is changed to electric energy and then to light energy. 7. In a fan, electric energy is changed to motion (kinetic) energy. 8. When water held behind a dam is released, gravitational energy is converted first to motion (kinetic) (potental) energy. 9. At a hydropower facility, the motion (kinetic) energy of flowing water can be used to spin a turbine and power a generator, creating electric energy. 10. In a photovoltaic panel, the light energy of the sun is converted directly into electric energy. 11. In a car, the chemical energy in gasoline is burned to create heat energy, which is converted to motion (kinetic) energy. 12. In a propane-powered chili roaster, chemical energy is burned to create heat energy. 13. In a modern wind turbine, motion (kinetic) energy is converted to electric energy. 14. A stove uses electric energy or chemical energy to create heat energy. 15. When we run, the chemical energy stored in our muscles is converted to motion (kinetic) energy. 55
3 LESSON THREE Overhead Transparency Forms of Energy light (radiant) energy KINETIC ENERGY (involves motion of some type) heat (thermal) energy sound energy electric energy motion (kinetic) energy POTENTIAL / STORED ENERGY gravitational (potential) energy chemical energy nuclear energy 56
LESSON THREE 3 57