TEST NAME: Matter TEST ID: 49717 GRADE:05 SUBJECT:Life and Physical Sciences TEST CATEGORY: My Classroom Matter Page 1 of 30
Student: Class: Date: 1. What is the MAJOR role of the Sun in the water cycle? A. It causes evaporation. B. It allows plants to grow. C. It provides heat for organisms. D. It transmits light. 2. Which statement is true of evaporation on a cloudy day? A. Evaporation does not occur on a cloudy day. B. Evaporation occurs at a faster rate on a cloudy day. C. Evaporation occurs at a slower rate on a cloudy day. 3. Which receives the greatest amount of water from runoff? A. fog B. lakes C. clouds D. plants 4. When is the most energy transferred from the Sun to water in the water cycle? A. during collection B. during evaporation C. during condensation D. during precipitation 5. How do plants contribute to the water cycle? A. Plants cool the air and create condensation. B. Plants warm the air and create precipitation. C. Plants give off water through transpiration. D. Plants give off water in the form of runoff or groundwater. Matter Page 2 of 30
6. In the water cycle, which must happen directly before condensation? A. runoff B. evaporation C. precipitation D. transpiration 7. Which process is missing from the water cycle diagram? A. pressure B. moisture C. absorption D. condensation 8. An increase in heavy clouds would most likely result in which process? A. evaporation B. precipitation C. transpiration 9. Which best describes how the sun s energy impacts the process of precipitation? A. The sun s energy causes water to collect into oceans, which evaporates into the atmosphere, then forms into clouds. B. The sun s energy causes water to evaporate into the atmosphere, which forms into clouds, then condenses into the oceans. C. The sun s energy changes liquid water into vapor, which condenses into clouds, then falls back to the earth as rain, sleet, or snow. D. The sun s energy changes liquid water into clouds, which condenses into vapor, then falls back to the earth as rain, sleet, or snow. 10. Which would most likely increase on a hot, sunny day? A. runoff B. condensation C. transpiration Matter Page 3 of 30
11. Which factor speeds up the process of evaporation during the water cycle? A. low humidity B. low air pressure C. high air pressure D. high temperature 12. Which part of the water cycle changes water to water vapor? A. evaporation B. precipitation C. condensation 13. In the water cycle, where does water go after reaching the ocean? A. The water flows into a river. B. The water falls from the clouds. C. The water sinks to the ocean floor. D. The water changes into water vapor. 14. Heat from the sun s energy most directly affects which part of the water cycle? A. evaporation B. precipitation C. transpiration D. condensation 15. Which type of precipitation consists of frozen rain drops? A. sleet B. hail C. snow D. fog Matter Page 4 of 30
16. Energy from the Sun changes ocean water to a gas. This sentence describes which step in the water cycle? A. condensation B. evaporation C. precipitation D. runoff 17. How does the ocean affect weather on Earth? A. Waves in the ocean push on the air above, which causes storms to form. B. Salt in the ocean dries the air above, causing the air to heat up and rise. C. Water evaporates from the ocean, causing clouds to form and send rain back to Earth. D. Water in the ocean is cooler than the air above, which causes the air temperature to remain low. 18. Which best explains why the sun is needed in order to produce rain? A. The sun cools the clouds, which causes them to hold less rain. B. The sun cools ocean water, which causes more clouds to form. C. The sun heats the clouds, which causes them to hold more rain. D. The sun warms ocean water, which causes more clouds to form. 19. During a dry season, which part of the water cycle contributes to the loss of moisture in soil? A. runoff B. evaporation C. transpiration D. condensation 20. Which experiment would most resemble the complete water cycle? A. watering plants B. burning wet wood C. water flowing from a faucet D. boiling a pot of water with a lid on it Matter Page 5 of 30
21. Which relationship results in the highest level of evaporation from Earth s water reservoirs? A. greatest surface area and most direct sunlight B. greatest surface area and least direct sunlight C. least surface area and most direct sunlight D. least surface area and least direct sunlight 22. The sun shines down on a field of corn plants on a warm, summer day, as shown in the picture. Which process will be most affected by the heat? A. runoff B. precipitation C. condensation D. transpiration 23. Which process in the water cycle returns water to the atmosphere? A. condensation B. evaporation C. precipitation D. transpiration Matter Page 6 of 30
24. The diagram below shows a part of the water cycle. Which of these goes in the box with the question mark? A. rivers B. thunder C. hail D. wind 25. Mr. Doyle s class took a trip to a lake. The students observed a dark mark on the rocks above the surface of the lake. Mr. Doyle said the mark showed where the water level in the lake had been in the past. What most likely happened to lower the water level in the lake? A. Ice formed over the lake. B. Rainfall around the lake increased. C. Lightning struck the surface of the lake. D. Air temperatures around the lake increased. 26. Which are most likely to result in an increase in precipitation? A. decrease in sunlight, decrease in evaporation, increase in condensation B. increase in sunlight, decrease in evaporation, decrease in condensation C. decrease in sunlight, increase in evaporation, decrease in condensation D. increase in sunlight, increase in evaporation, increase in condensation 27. Since Earth radiates heat into outer space, why is Earth s surface not becoming colder? A. Earth constantly takes in more heat from the Sun. B. Earth has forests that provide heat through photosynthesis. C. Earth has oceans that store heat. D. Earth absorbs extra heat from molten lava. Matter Page 7 of 30
28. Which would most likely happen in direct sunlight? A. Evaporation would occur more slowly. B. Evaporation would occur more quickly. C. Precipitation would occur more frequently. 29. The diagram shows the water cycle. What causes the water to evaporate and change to water vapor? A. condensing B. cooling C. heating D. rising 30. Puddles on a sidewalk are evaporating quickly. What most likely causes the puddles to evaporate? A. heat B. clouds C. air D. water 31. Which would most likely cause more runoff? A. decrease in transpiration B. increase in precipitation C. decrease in precipitation Matter Page 8 of 30
32. In the morning, a student notices dew on the grass. In the afternoon, the dew is gone. Which part of the water cycle causes dew to be on the grass? What happened to the dew in the afternoon? 33. A diagram of the water cycle is shown. Evaporation occurs because energy is transferred from which source? A. Sea B. Sun C. Trees D. Wind 34. Bill leaves his glass of water outside on a hot day. At the end of the day the water is nearly gone. What is most likely the reason the water is gone? A. transpiration B. evaporation C. precipitation Matter Page 9 of 30
35. Which will evaporate faster? A. a puddle on a rainy day B. a puddle on a sunny day C. a puddle on a cloudy day D. a puddle on a snowy day 36. If left in the sun, water in an open jar will A. evaporate. B. condense. C. freeze. D. melt. 37. Which is the opposite of condensation? A. runoff B. evaporation C. precipitation D. transpiration 38. How does the Sun help move water from the ocean through the water cycle? A. by causing surface water to evaporate B. by adding particles to the water C. by increasing the amount of water D. by blowing water toward land Matter Page 10 of 30
39. The picture shows the water cycle on Earth. In what part of the process does liquid water change to water vapor? A. precipitation B. evaporation C. transpiration D. condensation 40. Snow, rain, hail, and fog are all forms of A. gas. B. water. C. wind. D. clouds. 41. The ocean is a large body of water. How does the water from the ocean become part of the air? Name a form of water in the air. 42. Which abiotic factor most influences the water cycle? A. air B. sun C. soil D. wind Matter Page 11 of 30
43. Water that is puddled on a parking lot seems to disappear after a few hours. What is most likely causing the water to disappear? A. evaporation B. transpiration C. condensation 44. Which describes the processes involved in causing rain? A. Warm air moves in below cool air, pushing the cool air up, which causes clouds to form and rain to fall. B. Cool air moves in above warm air, pushing the warm air down, which causes clouds to form and rain to fall. C. As warm air rises, it cools, causing water to condense on dust particles and form clouds. The water eventually falls as rain. D. As cool air rises, it warms, causing water to condense and form clouds. The water molecules eventually fall as rain. 45. The sun shines on the lake and water vapor rises from the lake into the atmosphere. The vapor cools and becomes water droplets in the clouds. The droplets return to Earth as rain, snow, or hail in a continuous cycle. Which is the correct sequence for these processes? A. condensation, evaporation, and runoff B. runoff, transpiration, and evaporation C. evaporation, condensation, and precipitation D. precipitation, evaporation, and transpiration 46. Which process of the water cycle returns condensed water to the earth s surface? A. evaporation B. precipitation C. transpiration D. condensation Matter Page 12 of 30
47. A map of the weather in Texas is shown below. Which stage of the water cycle most directly creates an area of warm, moist air? A. condensation B. evaporation C. precipitation D. transpiration 48. Which process impacts the water cycle by drawing water vapor from plant leaves? A. evaporation B. condensation C. precipitation D. transpiration 49. Snowfall is an example of which process? A. condensation B. precipitation C. evaporation Matter Page 13 of 30
50. Which effect do rapidly cooling temperatures have on the water cycle? A. Water droplets evaporate into vapor. B. Water vapor condenses into droplets. C. Condensation evaporates into precipitation. D. Precipitation condenses into water droplets. 51. Which are most likely to increase transpiration? A. increased runoff and increased cloud cover B. increased runoff and decreased cloud cover C. decreased runoff and increased cloud cover D. decreased runoff and decreased cloud cover 52. The atmosphere of Earth blocks many of the Sun s rays. If weather patterns change and more of the Sun s rays penetrate the atmosphere of Earth, which is most likely to increase? A. the number of daylight hours B. the evaporation of oceans C. the length of each season D. the pull of gravity 53. Which is an example of condensation? A. water boiling in a pot B. water being absorbed by plants C. salt being removed from water D. moisture on mirror after hot shower 54. Which two processes increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere as a result of heat from the sun? A. surface run off and transpiration B. condensation and precipitation C. evaporation and condensation D. transpiration and evaporation 55. After a rainfall, which process in the water cycle draws the water back up into the air? A. condensation B. evaporation C. circulation D. precipitation Matter Page 14 of 30
56. Which is a natural cause of rivers drying up? A. pollution B. erosion C. water tables rise D. lack of precipitation 57. Water on a plate dries faster than the same amount of water in a small cup. The plate and small cup are made of the same type of material. Which statement best explains why this occurred? A. The small cup keeps the water colder than the plate. B. The plate allows the water to move more than the small cup. C. The small cup allows the water to stick to it more than the plate. D. A larger surface area of water touches the air on the plate than in the cup. 58. Which causes water to soak the ground? A. high levels of condensation B. high levels of transpiration C. high levels of precipitation D. high levels of evaporation 59. When water vapor rises and cools, the liquid water in the air comes together forming A. wind. B. clouds. C. lightning. D. tornadoes. 60. Which best explains what happens first when water evaporates? A. A liquid turns into a gas. B. A gas turns into a liquid. C. A liquid turns into a solid. D. A solid turns into a liquid. 61. Solar radiation has a part in the water cycle by A. affecting ocean tides. B. helping in the absorption of groundwater. C. determining the type of clouds formed. D. changing water to a vapor. Matter Page 15 of 30
62. Which is an example of precipitation? A. hail B. clouds C. water vapor 63. Mike observes solid ice pellets falling from the sky. Which type of precipitation is he most likely seeing? A. fog B. rain C. sleet D. snow 64. What is the process by which a liquid becomes a gas? A. evaporation B. condensation C. precipitation D. absorption 65. On a hot summer day in North Carolina, Lindsay swims in an outdoor pool for several hours. Once she leaves the pool, her skin immediately begins to dry. Which best explains why her skin dries so quickly? A. condensation B. transpiration C. precipitation D. evaporation 66. As water vapor condenses into liquid, which of the following can be formed? A. ice B. steam C. frost D. clouds Matter Page 16 of 30
67. Which most accurately explains the way clouds form? A. Warm water vapor hits warm air, changing the gas into a liquid, and forming a cloud. B. Warm water vapor hits cold air, changing the gas into a liquid, and forming a cloud. C. Warm water vapor hits warm air, changing the gas into a solid, and forming a cloud. D. Warm water vapor hits cold air, changing the gas into a solid, and forming a cloud. 68. Which term best describes how plants release water in the form of water vapor? A. evaporation B. precipitation C. transpiration D. condensation 69. Which process of the water cycle would be most affected by a lack of sunlight? A. condensation B. precipitation C. evaporation D. runoff 70. Which process takes place when liquid water changes into water vapor? A. condensation B. transportation C. evaporation D. accumulation 71. Tiny droplets of water seen floating in the air can give scientists a clue about the weather. What are groups of these droplets called? A. hail B. rain C. a front D. a cloud Matter Page 17 of 30
72. During evaporation, the Sun transfers energy to water. During which steps is energy released from the water? A. 1, 2, 3 B. 2, 3, 4 C. 3, 4, 1 D. 4, 1, 2 73. When Maria went for a walk early in the morning, she noticed the ground was wet. It had not rained overnight, but there were water droplets on the grass. What best explains why the water droplets formed on the grass? A. Clouds formed. B. The Sun went down. C. Winds became stronger. D. The air temperature became cooler. Matter Page 18 of 30
74. The water in the western Pacific Ocean becomes warmer during the El Niño season. The water becomes warmer as a result of the relaxing of winds and a change in wind direction. Which process in the water cycle is directly affected by the warming of the ocean water? A. collection B. evaporation C. precipitation D. runoff 75. Which part of the water cycle is occurring when warm, moist air cools and begins forming clouds? A. condensation B. evaporation C. precipitation D. transpiration 76. After Todd took a hot shower, he noticed that the bathroom mirror looked foggy. He could not see his reflection. Which statement best explains what happened? A. Water froze on the mirror because its surface was cold. B. Hot water splashed on the mirror and heated its surface. C. Water evaporated when it touched the hot mirror s surface. D. Water vapor condensed when it touched the cold mirror s surface. 77. The water cycle includes which processes? A. evaporation, condensation, precipitation B. metamorphosis, evaporation, respiration C. precipitation, perspiration, mitosis D. fixation, decomposition, respiration Matter Page 19 of 30
78. Use the diagram to answer the question that follows. What process is shown by the X? A. radiation B. evaporation C. precipitation D. condensation 79. In the morning, students observed puddles of water all over the playground. What would best explain why the playground was dry in the afternoon? A. Animals drank the water. B. The wind stopped blowing. C. Someone dried the puddles. D. The water evaporated during the day. 80. A student gets a can of soda from the refrigerator. There is a thin film of moisture on the surface of the can. Which best describes the source of the moisture? A. Water from the air condensed on the can. B. Water from the can evaporated into the air. C. Melted ice from the refrigerator forms on the can. D. Ice from the refrigerator becomes frozen on the can. 81. Which happens to water vapor when the sun s heat is taken away? A. It turns into a liquid. B. It turns into a gas. C. It turns into runoff. D. It turns into a solid. Matter Page 20 of 30
82. Energy from the Sun changes a liquid to a gas by the process of A. condensation. B. evaporation. C. freezing. D. melting. 83. The Sun is a star. What makes the Sun part of Earth s water cycle? A. The Sun is big. B. The Sun is made of gases. C. The Sun releases energy. D. The Sun has orbiting asteroids. 84. What is the primary source of energy that causes evaporation of water from the surface of bodies of water? A. solar radiation B. transpiration by plants C. heat from nearby land masses D. convection currents in the water 85. Why is the sun s energy necessary for the water cycle? A. It is the heat source that turns water into vapor. B. It is the light source that turns water into vapor. C. It is the heat source that turns vapor into water droplets. D. It is the light source that turns vapor into water droplets. 86. The process of water changing from its liquid state to a gas in the water cycle is known as A. precipitation. B. evaporation. C. condensation. D. translation. 87. A glass of cold water is set on a desktop. Later that day, beads of water had formed on the outside of the glass. The most likely explanation for the beads of water is that A. some water dripped over the side. B. the water soaked through the glass. C. water vapor condensed on the sides. D. someone sprayed the glass with water. Matter Page 21 of 30
88. In which season will transpiration occur at the slowest rate? A. fall B. winter C. spring D. summer 89. Which is not a process involved in the water cycle? A. condensation B. precipitation C. evaporation D. fixation 90. How does the Sun most affect the water cycle? A. The Sun causes the ocean water to evaporate. B. The Sun creates water droplets in the clouds. C. The Sun forces water to drain back into the ocean. D. The Sun makes the clouds produce precipitation. 91. Which two things interact most in the water cycle? A. oceans and the moon B. oceans and the Sun C. lakes and the moon D. lakes and the Sun 92. Energy from the Sun causes evaporation. Why does more evaporation happen from the oceans than from fresh water sources? A. Oceans have a greater surface area. B. Salt water evaporates faster than freshwater. C. The air over oceans can hold more water vapor. D. Oceans touch more landmasses than freshwater sources. Matter Page 22 of 30
93. Read the steps below. What is most like the Sun in the water cycle? A. the window B. the room C. the stove D. the pan Water Moves Across a Room Step 1 A pan of water heats on a stove. Water vapor rises. Step 2 The vapor moves across the room to a cold window. Step 3 Water droplets form on the window, and flow down. Step 4 The flowing droplets make a puddle on the windowsill. 94. James put some water in a pan. He put the pan on a stove and turned the stove on low. What will happen to the water? A. The water will melt. B. The water will evaporate. C. The water will form a solid. D. The water will condense into tiny droplets. 95. In order for clouds to form, what must happen first? A. Heat energy from the sun changes water in clouds from a gas to a liquid. B. Light energy from the sun changes water on earth from a gas to a liquid. C. Light energy from the sun changes water in clouds from a liquid to a gas. D. Heat energy from the sun changes water on earth from a liquid into a gas. 96. Which best explains why runoff is important? A. It returns water to other locations on Earth. B. It increases the chance of flooding. C. It makes evaporation occur faster. D. It increases condensation. Matter Page 23 of 30
97. Which factor determines whether precipitation will be in the form of rain or snow? A. wind B. humidity C. air pressure D. temperature 98. Evaporation, condensation, and precipitation are all processes which occur in the A. water cycle. B. energy cycle. C. carbon cycle. D. nitrogen cycle. 99. Which will most likely evaporate the quickest? A. a puddle on a hot day B. a puddle on a cold day C. a puddle on a snowy day 100. Which will increase transpiration? A. increase in evaporation B. decrease in evaporation C. increase in the sun s energy D. decrease in the sun s energy 101. Before it rains water must collect in A. clouds. B. snow. C. sleet. D. fog. Matter Page 24 of 30
102. Look at the diagram of a water cycle below. In the cloud marked with a question mark, what process in the water cycle is taking place? A. absorption B. transpiration C. condensation D. perspiration 103. Which provides the energy for most life cycles on Earth? A. sun B. soil C. clouds D. animals 104. Which best explains why most clouds form high in the atmosphere instead of close to the ground? A. Heat from the sun increases run off. B. Heat from the sun decreases condensation. C. Heat from the sun causes air pressure to fall. D. Heat from the sun causes water vapor to rise. 105. Water evaporates mostly from A. land. B. snow. C. clouds. D. oceans. Matter Page 25 of 30
106. Which is most likely the result from an increase in sunlight? A. decreased condensation B. increased evaporation C. increased runoff 107. What would most likely cause an increase in cloud formation? A. decreased precipitation B. increased precipitation C. increased evaporation 108. Which best explains how plants control transpiration? A. Plants open their stomata during times of high temperatures and water shortage. B. Plants close their stomata during times of low temperatures and water abundance. C. Plants close their stomata during times of high temperatures and water shortage. D. Plants open their stomata during times of low temperatures and water shortage. 109. Which would most likely produce more precipitation? A. decreased runoff B. increased evaporation C. decreased transpiration 110. Which will most likely form during the condensation process? A. rain B. hail C. clouds D. runoff Matter Page 26 of 30
111. A container is placed in front of a heat lamp. After a few hours, water droplets begin to form on the container. Which part of of the water cycle does this best demonstrate? A. evaporation B. precipitation C. transpiration D. condensation 112. In the water cycle, after water has condensed to form clouds, it falls back to Earth in the form of A. evaporation. B. vaporization. C. condensation. D. precipitation. 113. Rain, sleet, snow, and hail are examples of which process in the water cycle? A. condensation B. evaporation C. precipitation 114. The picture shows the water cycle. In which part of the water cycle is water changing from a liquid to a gas? A. part 1 B. part 2 C. part 3 D. part 4 Matter Page 27 of 30
115. Which best explains the process of the water cycle shown in the illustration below? A. condensation B. precipitation C. transpiration 116. What part of the water cycle takes place when water from clouds falls back to Earth? A. transpiration B. evaporation C. condensation D. precipitation Matter Page 28 of 30
117. Below is a diagram of the water cycle. Which part of the diagram best represents condensation? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 118. Which parts of the water cycle change liquid into vapor? A. condensation and transpiration B. evaporation and condensation C. evaporation and transpiration D. transpiration and runoff 119. Which term best describes the flow of water over land? A. runoff B. precipitation C. transpiration D. condensation Matter Page 29 of 30
120. Which best describes the sun s effect on the water cycle? A. The sun causes water to precipitate. The precipitation evaporates and returns to the earth as condensation. B. The sun causes water to condense. The condensed water evaporates and returns to the earth as precipitation. C. The sun causes water to evaporate. The evaporated water condenses and returns to the earth as precipitation. D. The sun causes water to collect on the earth. The collected water precipitates and returns to the earth as condensation. Matter Page 30 of 30