1/2/3. Finding out about the Water Cycle
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- Bernard Gilmore
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1 The Water Cycle 1/2/3. Finding out about the Water Cycle Aims: To enable pupils to learn and understand what happens at each stage of the Water Cycle To introduce specific vocabulary related to the Water Cycle Materials: Worksheet 1a/1b Worksheet 2 - printed on card Worksheet 3 Scissors, glue sticks, paper fasteners, dictionary Method: Ask pupils where they think fresh water comes from Explain that the Water Cycle is a natural system in our environment and it is called a cycle because it is continuous Hand out matching game and run as a class activity matching the words and pictures The next task is to put them in order Hand out Worksheet 1a and 1b. Ask pupils to cut out shapes and glue them into the correct place on the picture so that it will show the Water Cycle Pupils can then add words next to the pictures using the matching game to check their work Hand out Worksheet 3 at the appropriate level and ask pupils to complete Review their answers
2 S aving Water The Water Cycle - Worksheet 1a Use these words Activity: 1. Cut around the shapes on Worksheet 1b. 2. Stick them onto the diagram above in the correct order to explain how the Water Cycle works.
3 S aving Water The Water Cycle - Worksheet 1b Finding out about the Water Cycle Use these words wos evaporation cloud formation precipitation condensation Activity: 1. Cut around the shapes and stick them onto the diagram on worksheet 1a in the correct order to explain how the Water. Cycle works.
4 The Water Cycle - Worksheet 2 Water r Cycle Matching Game Match the words to the pictures condensation cloud formation Hard level Activity: -Cut out circles -Make a hole in the middle of each one evaporation - Fasten together and match words to pictures precipitation
5 SThe aving Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 3 The Water Cycle Story The Water Cycle is a natural system in our environment. It has no beginning and no end. Water goes round in a circle between the sea, air and the ground. Use the list on the left to fill in the missing words to tell the Water Cycle story. Use these words: - sun - vapour - evaporation - condenses - cloud - rain - snow - rivers 1. When the s shines on the sea, warm air rises and forms water v _. This is called e. 2. The water vapour in the air c into lots of tiny drops of water so small that we cannot see them. 3. The tiny droplets bump into each other forming bigger drops that we can see as a c. 4. When the drops are big and heavy they fall as r _, hail or s _. 5. This falls onto the land and into the rivers. The r _ flow into the sea and everything starts again.
6 SThe aving Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 3 The Water Cycle Story The water cycle is a natural system in our environment. It has no beginning and no end. Water goes round in a circle between the sea, air and the ground. Ha rd level Use these words: invisible rain snow vapour drops evaporation cloud rivers ocean condensation sun cooler Find the meaning of these words: - evaporation - condensation - precipitation Use the list on the left to fill in the missing words to tell the water cycle story. When the s shines on the o, warm air rises and forms water v _. This process is called e. The water vapour in the air c into lots of tiny d of water, so small we cannot see them. This warm moist air rises up into the sky. As the water v _ rises high up in the sky the air gets c _. The water vapour condenses making the tiny drops of water in the vapour a bit bigger. They are no longer i and form a c. The clouds may be blown towards the land and precipitation as r _, hail or s _ occurs. This falls onto the land and into the r _. The rivers flow into the oceans and everything starts again.
7 The Water Cycle 4. What happens when the sun heats the water in the sea? Aims: To enable pupils to understand the process of evaporation in the Water Cycle Materials: A bucket and some chalk for each group Worksheet at appropriate level Timer Digital camera (optional) Method: Hand out worksheet to each group and discuss the experiment. Walk around the playground or other areas of the school to look for a suitable sunny site Allow time for each group to create their puddle and take photographs Pupils visit their puddle after one hour and photograph or draw what they see Pupils return to class and write up their experiment Discuss the experiment and relate what has happened to the evaporation stage of the Water Cycle
8 Saving The Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 4 What happens when the sun heats the water in the sea? How to find out: 1. On a sunny day, put some water in your bucket and take it into the playground. 2. Find a good place to make a puddle and pour the water onto the ground. You need to find a place which has a hollow to hold the water. 3. Draw round the puddle with your chalk. 4. Wait for at least an hour and then check the puddle. You will need: Draw what has happened: a bucket of water - a piece of chalk Try to answer these questions: 1. Is the puddle bigger or smaller than it was at the start? 2. Why do you think it is smaller? 3. Where is the water that is missing from the puddle? 4. Think about the Water Cycle. What happens when the sun heats the water in the sea? 5. Which part of the Water Cycle does this experiment show? evaporation condensation cloud formation precipitation Clues to help you: When the water gets hot, some of it evaporates to make water vapour. This is warm air which holds lots of tiny drops of water so small we cannot see them. This warm air rises up into the sky.
9 The Saving Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 4 What happens when the sun heats the water in the sea? How to find out: 1. On a sunny day, put some water in your bucket and take it into the playground. 2. Find a good place to make a puddle and pour the water onto the ground. You need to find a place which has a hollow to hold the water. 3. Draw round the puddle with your chalk. You will need: 4. Wait for at least an hour and then check the puddle. What has happened? - a bucket - a piece of chalk Write up your experiment. Start like this: 1. What we used. 2. What we did. 3. What happened. Try to answer these questions: 1. Why is the puddle smaller? 2. Where is the water that is missing from the puddle? 3. Think about the Water Cycle. What happens when the sun heats the water in the sea? Clues to help you: When the water gets hot, some of it evaporates to make water vapour. This is warm air which holds lots of tiny drops of water so small we cannot see them. This warm air rises up into the sky.
10 The Water Cycle 5a/b. What happens to water when it is left in a container? Aims: To provide experience of water evaporating To practice measuring skills Materials: A measuring jug, 2 clear plastic beakers, cling film, a felt pen Worksheet at appropriate level and Water Level Record Sheet for each group Method: Divide pupils into groups Hand out equipment and worksheet at appropriate level and the Water Record Sheet Discuss the task and check understanding Allocate safe space for each group to leave the beakers for the duration of the experiment and agree at what time over the next four days the levels will be measured Pupils write up their experiment and discuss their findings Key points for discussion - evaporation is part of the Water Cycle, water becomes vapour before it condenses and falls as rain Encourage pupils to look at their Water Cycle Wheel
11 Saving The Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 5a What happens to water when it is left in a container? How to find out: 1. Measure 40ml of water in the jug. 2. Empty this into a beaker. 3. Pour 40ml of water into the second beaker. 4. Cover this with cling film. 5. Measure 40ml of water in the jug and place it next to the two beakers. 6. Using a felt pen, mark the level of water on each beaker. You will need: Look at the water level at the end of the day and then again at the end of the next 4 days. Try to answer these questions: - a measuring jug - 2 clear plastic beakers - some cling film - a felt pen 1. At the end of the day, which beaker had the most water in it? 2. Did the jug have more or less water than this? 3. After 5 days which beaker had the least water in it? 4. Did the jug have more or less water than this? 5. Where is the water that is missing from the beakers and the jug? 6. Think about the Water Cycle. Which part of the Water Cycle does this experiment show? evaporation condensation cloud formation precipitation Clues to help you: Some of the water evaporates to make water vapour. This is warm air which holds lots of drops of tiny water so small we cannot see them.
12 Saving The Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 5a What happens to water when it is left in a container? How to find out: 1. Measure 40ml of water in the jug. 2. Empty this into a beaker. 3. Pour 40ml of water into the second beaker. 4. Cover this with cling film. 5. Measure 40ml of water in the jug and place it next to the two beakers. 6. Using a felt pen, mark the level of water on each beaker. You will need: Look at the water level at the end of the day and then again at the end of the next 4 days. What has happened? Write up your experiment. Start like this: 1. What we used. 2. What we did. 3. What happened. Clues to help you: Some of the water evaporates to make water vapour. This is warm air which holds lots of tiny drops of water so small we cannot see them. - a measuring jug - 2 clear plastic beakers - some cling film - a felt pen Try to answer these questions: 1. Why has the water level reduced? 2. Where is the water that is missing from the containers? 3. Think about the Water Cycle. Which part of the Water Cycle does this experiment demonstrate? Now try this: 1. Put 40ml of water into two foil trays 2. Place one tray on a radiator or in a sunny area 3. Place the other tray away from any heat Look at the two trays at the end of the day. Describe what has happened and explain why.
13 The Water Cycle 6. How are clouds formed? Aims: To enable pupils to understand condensation To enable pupils to see how clouds are formed Materials: Some hot water in a jug, a clear glass bottle, an ice cube, a sheet of black paper for each group Worksheet 6 at appropriate level Method: Divide pupils into groups Hand out equipment and worksheet at appropriate level Discuss the task and check understanding Allow pupils to complete experiment and write up their findings Discuss what they have seen and relate this to the Water Cycle Key point for discussion - water vapour condenses making tiny drops of water in the vapour bigger - they are no longer invisible and form a cloud
14 Saving The Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 6 How are clouds formed? How to find out: 1. Fill the bottle with some hot water. Leave for a few minutes then ask an adult to pour most of it away. You will need: 2. Put your ice cube on top of the bottle. - some hot water in a jug - clear glass bottle - an ice cube - some black paper 3. Put the black paper behind the bottle and watch what happens next. Try to answer these questions: 1. What did you see when you put the black paper behind the bottle? 2. What happened when the warm air hit the ice cube? 3. Think about the Water Cycle. What do you think happens to the moist warm air rising from the sea as it gets higher?
15 Saving The Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 6 How are clouds formed? How to find out: 1. Fill the bottle with some hot water. Leave for a few minutes then ask an adult to pour most of it away. You will need: 2. Put your ice cube on top of the bottle. 3. Put the black paper behind the bottle and watch what happens next. - some hot water in a jug - clear glass bottle - an ice cube - some black paper Write up your experiment: Start like this: 1. What we used. 2. What we did. 3. What happened. Try to answer these questions: 1. What was in the warm air rising up from the hot water? 2. What happened when the warm air hit the ice cube? 3. Think about the water cycle. What do you think happens to the warm moist air rising up from the sea as it gets higher and higher. Clues to help you: As the water vapour rises high up in the sky, the air gets cooler. The water vapour condenses making the tiny drops of water in the vapour a bit bigger. They are no longer invisible and form a cloud.
16 The Water Cycle 7. Making Rain Aim: To provide experience of making rain Materials: Plastic fish tank Cling film Ice cubes Worksheet 7 at appropriate level Video or digital camera if available Method: This experiment may be carried out by small groups of pupils at different times during a day or a week - approximately 15 minutes will be needed to set up and carry out the experiment Divide pupils into small groups Hand out equipment and task card at appropriate level Discuss the task and check understanding Pupils carry out the experiment and if possible video/photograph what happens Pupils write up their experiment and discuss findings Pupils can do the potted plant experiment as an extension to this activity
17 Saving The Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 7 Making rain How to find out: 1. Put some warm water in a plastic fish tank. 2. Stretch cling film over the top of the tank. 3. Put 3 or 4 ice cubes in a pile at one end of the cling film. Pucker the surface of the cling film so that they are kept in the same position. Watch what happens. You will need: Try to answer these questions: 1. Where does it start to rain? 2. Why does it rain there? 3. Where does the rain fall? Think about the Water Cycle. What happens to the rain after it falls to the ground? -plastic fish tank -some cling film -some ice cubes Clues to help you: When you breathe out, water evaporates from your lungs. It forms vapour in the air. How ice cubes in a beaker cause condensation. The ice cubes in the beaker start to melt. The air in the beaker is warm to start with and the water evaporates. The air in the beaker slowly cools down as the ice cube melts and eventually the air is cold enough for the water droplets to condense on the surface of the cling film. This is because the air in the beaker is now colder than the air in the classroom.
18 Saving The Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 7 Making rain How to find out: 1. Put some warm water in a plastic fish tank. 2. Stretch cling film over the top of the tank. 3. Put 3 or 4 ice cubes in a pile at one end of the cling film. Pucker the surface of the cling film so that they are kept in the same position. Watch what happens. You will need: Write up your experiment: 1. What we used. 2. What we did. 3. What happened. Try to answer these questions: -plastic fish tank -some cling film -some ice cubes 1. Where does it start to rain? 2. Why does it rain there? 3. Where does the rain fall? 4. What do you think happens next? 5. Why do you think it is called the Water Cycle? Other things to do: 1. Put a plastic bag over a potted plant like a Busy Lizzie. Keep it in place by putting an elastic band round the bag and the flower pot. 2. Look at it the next day and record what you see. 3. Think about the Water Cycle. What do you think is happening?
19 The Water Cycle 8. Water droplets Aims: To enable pupils to see condensation To enable pupils to discover that water vapour condenses from the air when cooled Materials: Ice cubes, clear plastic beakers, a paper towel, cling film for each group Worksheet at appropriate level Method: Divide pupils into small groups Hand out equipment and task card at appropriate level Discuss the task and check understanding Pupils carry out the experiment Pupils write up their experiment and discuss findings
20 Saving The Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 8 Water droplets How to do it: You will need: - ice cubes - clear plastic beaker - paper towel - cling film 1. Breathe on a window. Draw what you see. 4. Put 4 ice cubes in the plastic beaker and cover it with cling film. Draw what you see happening. 2. Take 1 ice cube and a paper towel. Hold the ice cube against the window for a few minutes. Wipe the melted ice off the window. 3. Describe what you can see on the other side of the window. I can see: Try to answer these questions: 1. What did you see when you breathed on the window? 2. What happened when you wiped the melted ice off the window? 3. What did you see happening on the other sides of the beaker? 4. Think about the Water Cycle. Which part of the Water Cycle do these experiments show? evaporation condensation cloud formation precipitation
21 Saving The Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 8 Water droplets How to do it: 1. Breathe on a window. What do you see? Can you explain it? 2. Take 1 ice cube and a paper towel. Hold the ice cube against the window for a few minutes. Wipe the melted ice off the window. Describe what you can see on the other side of the window. 3. Put 4 ice cubes in the plastic beaker and cover with cling film. What do you see happening on the sides of the pot? You will need: Write up your experiment: Start like this: 1. What we used. 2. What we did. 3. What happened. Try to answer these questions: - ice cubes - clear plastic beaker - paper towel - cling film 1. What did you see when you breathed on the window? Can you explain it? 2. What happened when you wiped the melted ice off the window? 3. What did you see happening on the sides of the beaker? Make a list of times when you can see water droplets forming.
22 The Water Cycle 9. True or False? Aim: To check pupils' knowledge and understanding of the Water Cycle Materials: Worksheet 9a/b for each pupil Method: Hand out quiz sheet Allow pupils time to complete and check answers This could be a homework activity
23 Saving The Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 9a Water Cycle Quiz True or False? Are the following statements True or False? Circle the answer. 1. The Water Cycle has no beginning and no end. True False 2. When the sun shines on the sea warm air rises and forms water vapour. True False 3. We can see the tiny water droplets in the air. True False 4. Clouds are made of water droplets. True False 5. When clouds are full of water droplets they fall as rain, hail or snow. True False 6. The rain falls on to the land and stays there. True False
24 Saving The Water Water Cycle - Worksheet 9b Water Cycle Quiz Answer Sheet 1. True. It is a natural system in our environment and has been happening in the same way for millions of years. 2. True. This is called evaporation. 3. False. Water vapour is made up of tiny droplets that we cannot see. 4. True. The tiny water droplets bump together forming bigger drops that we can see as clouds. 5. True. The clouds may be blown towards the land and precipitation happens. Watch the weather forecast and listen carefully and you will hear the word precipitation. 6. False. Rain falls onto the land and into rivers which flow back into the sea and the Water Cycle begins again.
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