INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR KHAR LAKE KHOVD RIVER BASIN

KHOVD BUYANT RIVER BASIN COUNCIL D BUYANT RIVER SIN COUNCIL nce Jargalant soum uilding 22228-22228 03 ww.khovd-gol.mn fo@khovd-gol.mn s tatement ìüòàí, WF, the óðãàìëûí international conthe planet s naturalºëãèé àéãàëüòàéãàà help Mongolia becoming future in whichø òýëöýí humans a óóí people èðýýä éã ere enjoy a quality of. àìüäðàõ e in harmony with nature. INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR KHAR LAKE KHOVD RIVER BASIN Phase I: 2011-2015; Phase II: 2016-2021

ACTIONS FOR PHA FOREWORD In upper part of basi 1. Water is a core of development, prospect and life. However, ZDWHU VFDUFLW\ DQG SROOXWLRQ DUH OLNHO\ WR EH LQWHQVL HG GXH WR climate change and distructive human activities in recent years. Therefore, the human beings started to focus on development and implementation of long term programmes addressed at the sustainable use, protection and accumulation of water resource. One of these programmes is integrated water resource management (IWRM) plan.similarly, the Government of Mongolia has given a priority to water issue and legalized a basinwide water management approach by revising Mongolian Law on Water. This law states Basin Council consisted of representatives of water users and consumers, government, non-governmental, and specialized or professional organizations will be established for the implementation of the approach. In accordance with the law, Khovd and Buyant River Basin Councils were established in 2009. In recent time, when melting of glaciers and icy covers that feed over 70 per cent of surface water resource in Western 0RQJROLD LV LQFUHDVHG DQG GU\QHVV LV JHWWLQJ LQWHQVL HG WKH Khovd and Buyant River Basin Councils have developed the integrated water resource management plan at the basin level through support and assistance of governmental, non-governmental and specialized organizations. As the management SODQ LGHQWL HV WKH SULRULWL]HG DFWLRQV DQG WDVNV DORQJ ZLWK WKHLU responsible parties, it has become one of important documents. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Take under State a garded as headwa RI %X\DQW ULYHU VLQF of river runoff; Expand forestation i Support and encou gel, Sagsai, Ulaank Support and prope participation of loca 5XQ LUULJDWLRQ RI KD Improve monitoring cal stations in Sirga Conduct feasibility In middle part of bas 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Thus, we are calling for all the stakeholders e.g. Khovd, Bayan-Ulgii and Uvs aimag (province) government authorities, RI FHUV ORFDO FRPPXQLWLHV HFRQRPLF HQWLWLHV RU ZDWHU XVHUV and consumers, and decision makers to actively take part in the LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI WKLV PDQDJHPHQW SODQ WKURXJK WKHLU HI FLHQW collaboration and to make their inputs in the development and prospect of Western Mongolia. Take under local pr WLRQ RI ELRGLYHUVLW\ Install water meters Khovd towns; Renew and update Improve waste man Demarcate the con areas along the riv Expand forestation of Uvs aimag; and tion; Support and encou Erdeneburen, Mya In lower part of basi Ensure fair access area (2400 ha) at B 16. Have revisions ma 15. Actions to be under 17. Reduce pressure o &DUU\ RXW HI FLHQW S 18. GDUGV RQ UHJXODU ED Head of Western Region Council Prof. G. Nyamdavaa ACTIONS TO BE IM In upper part of basi 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Take under state a that are important f,qwurgxfh QHZ DGYD Establish water har Extend research an Support forestation In middle part of bas Restrict wasteful co consumers; 7. Introduce recycling 8. Improve water sup 9. Renew and introdu 10. Support tree nurse 6. This management plan has been supported and facilitated by ::) 0RQJROLD 3URJUDPPH 2I FH DQG &RSLQJ ZLWK 'HVHUWL cation project, Swiss Development Cooperation. The plan will be implemented by the stakeholders including the State administrative central and local government organizations, Khovd and Buyant River Basin Councils, Water Users organizations, local communities, and other participating and interested bodies. In lower part of basi 11. Support the introd 12. 2UJDQLVH FKDQJLQJ Actions to be under 21 13. Carry out forestatio 14. Protect and build liv Demarcate hygieni 15. regimes in the soum &DUU\ RXW HI FLHQW S 16. GDUGV RQ UHJXODU ED

PRINCIPLES OF GEMENT PLAN MENTATION CONTENTS Foreword Introduction 1 Location of Khar lake-khovd river basin 2 Environmental state 3 Protected Area network 4 History, culture and custom 4 Water resource of the basin 5 Water use and future tendency 6 Integrated water resource management plan 8 VKRUW WHUPHG SODQV DQG SURJUDPPHV SURMHFWV ons, standards and procedures of the aimags ums in the basin will be developed in consiswith the management plan; River Basin Council 9 Prioritized issues and problems faced Khar lake-khovd river basin 10 PDJ DQG VRXP DXWKRULWLHV RI FHUV DQG HPs will actively take part in the implementation agement plan using all necessary tools and nisms such as lobby, leadership and other nication means; Issue 1: Melting of glaciers 11 Issue 2: Over-utilization of riparian forests 13 Issue: 3 Overgrazing 13 DQDJHPHQW SODQ ZLOO EH WKH PDLQ PDQDJHPHQW on programme within the stated period of U PRQLWRULQJ ZLOO EH FDUULHG RXW RYHU WKH LPSOHon of management plan and when necessary, ns will be made to the management plan by H[LEOH FRRUGLQDWLRQ DSSURDFK Issue 4: Unsustainable use of water in irrigated farmland and KD\PDNLQJ HOG Issue 5: Wasteful use of ground water 15 Issue 6: Aquatic ecosystem deterioration 15 Issue 7: Water pollution 16 Issue 8: Wastewater treatment plant 17 Issue 9: Low public awareness 17 Development process of Khar lake-khovd IWRM plan 18 Goal and objectives of the management plan 20 Actions for Phase 1 (2011-2015) 21 Actions to be implemented in phase 2 (2016-2021) 21 Khar lake-khovd river basin integrated water resource management plan: expected main achievements of phase 1 (2011-2015) 22 Pilot areas to implement IWRM plan 23 Main principles of management plan implementation 24

LOCATION OF KHAR LA RIVER BASIN INTRODUCTION The Mongolian Law on Water was revised in 2004, creating legal and regulatory framework for the establishment of broad based stakeholder representation through River Basin Council and introduction of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM). Khar lake-khovd river basin is a su sion in Western Mongolia that belongs Khar lake-khovd river basin is uniq the world with its high mountains distr snow covers, deep and wide canoyns gobi and desert regions, a number of the western part of the country. Occupied totally 86120.8 sq. km a meets Mongol Altai mountain range in mountain ranges Great Turgen mount the north, Kharkhiraa, Turgen, Buraat parts of Great Lakes Depression in th mountain range and Khuisiin Gobi in t The basin is divided into three wat river and Khar Us-Durgun lake basins Khovd river basin covers totally 50149 8393.5 sq.km area and Khar Us-Durg area. The Government of Mongolia pays special attention to the integrated water resource management practice and has commenced some actions. For instance, the territory of Mongolia was divided into 29 river basins by an order of the Minister for Nature, Environment and Tourism in 2009 to introduce IWRM. Moreover, the State policy documents such as the Concept of National Security approved in 2010 and National Programme on Water specify important details on sustainable use and protection of water through the introduction and application of IWRM approach and system. Figure 2: Khar lak Figure 1: 29 water basins of Mongolia In support of the government policy, the IWRM has EHHQ LQWURGXFHG IRU WKH UVW WLPH LQ WKH.KDU /DNH.KRYG river basin, facilitated by WWF Mongolia PO and Water Authority. The management plan was approved by an order of the Minister for Nature, Environment and Tourism in September 2010 and will be implemented in 2 phases. 1

LOCATION OF KHAR LAKE-KHOVD RIVER BASIN s revised in 2004, ork for the establishesentation through of Integrated Water ENVIRONMEN Khar lake-khovd river basin is a sub-basin of the Great Lakes Depression in Western Mongolia that belongs to the Central Asian internal basin. Khar lake-khovd river basin is unique not only in Mongolia, but also in the world with its high mountains distributed by glaciers and permanent snow covers, deep and wide canoyns, valleys, forests, forest steppe, steppe, gobi and desert regions, a number of rivers, streams, lakes, and wetlands in the western part of the country. Occupied totally 86120.8 sq. km area, the Khar lake-khovd river basin meets Mongol Altai mountain range in the west, Siilkhem and Chihachev mountain ranges Great Turgen mountain and Mungun Taiga mountain in the north, Kharkhiraa, Turgen, Buraat and Altan Khuhii mountains and lower parts of Great Lakes Depression in the east and Sutai Khairkhan, Darvi mountain range and Khuisiin Gobi in the south. The basin is divided into three water balance units: Khovd river, Buyant river and Khar Us-Durgun lake basins according to the hydrological network. Khovd river basin covers totally 50149.2 sq. km area, Buyant river totally 8393.5 sq.km area and Khar Us-Durgun lake basin totally 27578.2 sq.km area. s special attention agement practice or instance, the 29 river basins by nvironment and ents such as the d in 2010 and Namportant details on er through the introoach and system. F Khar lake-khovd river per cent of glaciers record ecosystems are greatly aff of moderate dry desert an basin supports the vulnera VSHFL F DOSLQH FOLPDWLF FRQ large and small lakes, orig e.g. Khoton, Khurgan and as Khar Us, Khar and Dur Wetlands of International I waterfowl habitats and the areas distributed by reeds ecosystems that should be level. The basin, where diver FR H[LVW VXSSRUWV LWV HQGH species and the species lis international Red Lists of E Flora species. Thus, it req ecosystem conservation a able use of natural resourc basin is distributed by end big mammals such as arga leopard and wild boar; by species of reptiles (50 % o in the basin); by 12 endem IRXU HQGHPLF VXE VSHFLHV species. Figure 2: Khar lake-khovd river basin Mongolia y, the IWRM has H.KDU /DNH.KRYG olia PO and Water approved by an onment and Tourism mented in 2 phases. 1 2

ENVIRONMENTAL STATE PROTECT Totally 2011, belongs to the e network. For ins e.g. Khukh Serk Area (SPA), Alta range, Tsambag Parks (NP) and Reserves (NR) a a part (belongin Munkh-khairkha Bukhmurun sou area in the vicin included in the b esn. n ppe, ds in in v wer To date, 4.3 of Special Prote belongs to Strict or 1835.8 thous 4.4 per cent or 8 Reserve. ant work. y m Figure 3: Ecosystems of Khar lake-khovd river basin HISTORY Khar lake-khovd river basin supports 96 per cent of glaciers recorded in Mongolia. The ecosystems are greatly affected by the impacts of moderate dry desert and Gobi. Additionally, the basin supports the vulnerable ecosystems with VSHFL F DOSLQH FOLPDWLF FRQGLWLRQV IUHVK DQG FROG large and small lakes, originated from the glaciers e.g. Khoton, Khurgan and Dayan, the lakes such as Khar Us, Khar and Durgun recognized as Wetlands of International Importance, especially waterfowl habitats and their surrounding riparian areas distributed by reeds and other numerous ecosystems that should be protected at the basin level. The basin, where diverse ecosystems FR H[LVW VXSSRUWV LWV HQGHPLF IDXQD DQG ÀRUD species and the species listed in the national and international Red Lists of Endangered Fauna and Flora species. Thus, it requires more adequate ecosystem conservation approach and sustainable use of natural resources. For instance, the basin is distributed by endangered species of big mammals such as argali sheep, ibex, snow leopard and wild boar; by three endemic subspecies of reptiles (50 % of total species recorded in the basin); by 12 endemic species of beetle, IRXU HQGHPLF VXE VSHFLHV DQG WKUHH HQGHPLF VK species. 2 HISTORICAL A Khar lake-k pictographs, hu instance, there human beings vagatai mounta remains of Ston DQG,URQ $JHV D basin. In addition t outstanding wo signs, scripts a ETHNOGRAPH Khovd and ethnic groups a Mongols, Kaza and Durvud tha ic activities sinc Integrated w try. However, th practice and th serve water an ethnic groups h 3

PROTECTED AREA NETWORK Totally 2011,6 thousand hectare of the basin belongs to the existing Special Protected Area network. For instance, while the protected areas e.g. Khukh Serkh Mountain range Strictly Protected Area (SPA), Altai Tavan Bogd, Siilkhem Mountain range, Tsambagarav and Khar-Us lake National Parks (NP) and Mankhan and Devel Aral Nature Reserves (NR) are entirely included in the basin, a part (belonging to Munkh-khairkhan soum) of Munkh-khairkhan NP and a part (belonging to Bukhmurun soum) of Turgen Mountain SPA and an area in the vicinity of Goojuur waterfall are partially included in the basin. To date, 4.3 percent or 86.7 thousand hectare of Special Protected Areas situated in the basin belongs to Strictly Protected Area, the 91.3 per cent or 1835.8 thousand hectare to National Park and 4.4 per cent or 89.0 thousand hectare to Nature Reserve. Figure 4: Protected areas in Khar lake-khovd river basin HISTORY, CULTURE AND CUSTOM HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL SITES Khar lake-khovd river basin is quite rich in historical and cultural sites including petroglyphs, pictographs, human and deer stones, burial sites, ancient burial mounds and ruins of rock walls. For instance, there is a cave North Tsenkher located in Mankhan soum territory, which is as a home of human beings and its evolution, and pictographs on the cave, Khunnu burial sites on Takhilt and Tarvagatai mountain ranges, Ishgen Tolgoi and Nukhen Utgu petroglyphs, Bayantumbe grave/burial site, remains of Stone Age settlements, human stones and the historical sites belonging to Stone, Bronze DQG,URQ $JHV DQG WKH.KXQQX 6WDWH WKH UVW 0RQJROLDQ (PSLUH DUH LPSRUWDQW KLVWRULFDO VLWHV LQ WKH basin. In addition to the petroglyphs and human and animal shaped pictographs, which are regarded as outstanding works of ancient people and civilization, the stones and stone monuments with stamps, signs, scripts and symbols are abundantly found on Altai mountain range. Ph ETHNOGRAPHY, TRADITION AND CUSTOM Khovd and Bayan-Ulgii aimags included in Khar lake-khovd river basin are a home to diverse ethnic groups and nations. Territories of the aimags have been resided by the multi-nations e.g. the Mongols, Kazaks and Tuvas, and the diverse ethnic groups e.g. Zakhchin, Uriankhai, Myangad, Uuld, and Durvud that differ in their origins, religions, languages, household traditions, custom and economic activities since the ancient time. Integrated water resource management (IWRM) is regarded a relatively new concept for the country. However, the concept has been formulated in nomadic living style, traditional animal husbandry practice and their social relations since ancient time. In this meaning, the traditions to protect and preserve water and the friendly relationship e.g. people from one residential area or river valley among ethnic groups have been well kept by the Mongolians. 3 4

WATER RESOURCES OF THE BASIN SURFACE WATER RESOURCE Tsagaan and Khar Khovd rivers originated from Mongol Altai - 2 Figure 5. Khar lake-khovd river basin surface water network 5 Figure 6. Distributions of glaciers within Khar lake-khovd river basin GROUND WATER RESOURCE

WATER USE AND FUTURE TENDENCY - Figure 7. Khar lake-khovd river basin and its administrative units river basin: / basin: -

- / lion m - m

INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLAN - - - Water use and demand Figure 8 Water resource and its sustainable use/consumption - - Assessment - Source: Global water partnership, handbook, 2009. Figure 9. Development cycle of integrated water resource management plan

RIVER BASIN COUNCIL - - Khovd -

PRIORITIZED ISSUES AND PROBLEMS FACED KHAR LAKE-KHOVD RIVER BASIN THE FOLLOWING KEY ISSUES AND PROBLEMS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED THROUGHOUT THE BASIN glaciers that feed the rivers in the basin are getting melted and dryness is increased. over-exploitation of riparian forest along Khovd overgrazed, water supply in town green area, farming and irrigation of Ground water resource is used in extremely wasteful way. ecosystems have been deteriorated. washing automobiles in rivers, disposal of solid wastes and grazing livestock within hygienic zones of rivers particularly in the vicinities of soum and other human settled areas. Due to outdated technologies and equipment, waste water and sludges discharged by the water treatment plants lack of knowledge and awareness on participation of stakeholders in the sustainable use of water, forest and other natural resources

ISSUE 1 MELTING OF GLACIERS Figure 10. Spatial pattern of annual mean air temperature Figure 11. Spatial pattern of annual mean precipitation - - -

Figure 12. a) Annual mean air temperature; b) long term process of total precipitation (long term means are shown in straight line) -

ISSUE 2 OVER-UTILIZATION OF RIPARIAN FOREST 'XH WR XQVXVWDLQDEOH DQG RYHU XWLOL]DWLRQ ULSDULDQ IRUHVW DORQJ.KRYG DQG %X\DQW ULYHUV DUH WKUHDWHQHG ZLWK H[WLQFWLRQ,I ULSDULDQ IRUHVW GLVDSSHDUV KDELWDWV RI D QXPEHU RI À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

ISSUE 4 UNSUSTAINABLE USE OF WATER IN IRRIGATED FARMLAND AND HAYMAKING FIELD - - -

ISSUE 5 WASTEFUL USE OF GROUND WATER - ISSUE 6 AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM DETERIORATION - - - - - -

ISSUE 7 WATER POLLUTION

ISSUE 8 WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT of - ISSUE 9 LOW PUBLIC AWARENESS

DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF KHAR LAKE-KHOVD IWRM PLAN - - - - - Figure 13. Organizational structure of team conducted baseline studies for Khar lake-khovd river basin management plan - -

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GOAL AND OBJECTIVES OF THE MANAGEMENT PLAN - - - MISSION - basin through the sustainable use and STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES - - - and sustainable use

ACTIONS FOR PHASE 1 (2011-2015) In upper part of basin 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Take under State and local protection the upstream of rivers such as Sagsai, Baga Oigur, Tsagaan river lower part that are regarded as headwaters of Khovd river; Chikhertei, Tavan Salaa and Ganz Mod rivers upstreams that are regarded as headwaters RI %X\DQW ULYHU VLQFH WKH\ DUH LPSRUWDQW IRU WKH FRQVHUYDWLRQ RI ELRGLYHUVLW\ LQFOXGLQJ IRUHVW VK DQG ELUGV DQG VXSSRUW SHU FHQW of river runoff; Expand forestation in Deluun, Sagsai, Ulaan Khus, and Tsengel soums and improve the implementation of forest management plan; Support and encourage the initiatives and efforts to restore and build livestock exclosure around source of natural springs in Tsengel, Sagsai, Ulaankhus, Bukhmurun, Deluun, Duut, Altantsogts and Nogoonnuur soums; Support and properly manage the pastureland use practices in vicinities of Khoton, Khurgan, Khuiten, Tal and Chikhertei lakes in participation of local herder communities; 5XQ LUULJDWLRQ RI KD\PDNLQJ HOGV LQ ULYHU XSSHU YDOOH\ ZLWK VFKHGXOHV DQG LQWURGXFH DGYDQFHG WHFKQRORJ\ Improve monitoring network on permafrost and glaciers through establishment of some additional monitoring plots e.g hydrological stations in Sirgaliin Khooloi, Khoton lake and Bukhmurin river; Conduct feasibility study and research for water harvesting reservoirs in high mountainous areas; In middle part of basin 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Take under local protection Sejigtei canyon, Chono-kharaikh, Khovd, Buyant and Tsenkher rivers that are important for conservawlrq RI ELRGLYHUVLW\ LQFOXGLQJ IRUHVW VK DQG ELUGV Install water meters among all water users, households and business entities connected to centralized water facilities in Ulgii and Khovd towns; Renew and update technologies and equipment/apparatus of water treatment plants in Ulgii and Khovd towns; Improve waste management in Khovd and Ulgii towns and other settled areas; Demarcate the conservation zones of rivers and enforce the conservation regimes, particularly in vicinities of soums and settled areas along the river basin; Expand forestation in Altantsogts, Nogoonnuur, Bayannuur and Bugat soums of Bayan-Ulgii aimag; Khovd and Umnugobi soums of Uvs aimag; and Khovd, Buyant and Jargalant soums of Khovd aimag and improve their forest management plan implementation; Support and encourage the initiatives and efforts to restore and build livestock exclosure around sources of natural springs in Erdeneburen, Myangad, Khovd and Buyant soums of Khovd aimag; Bayannuur soum of Bayan-Ulgii aimag; In lower part of basin Ensure fair access and sustainable use of water through establishment of engineering designed irrigation system in cultivation area (2400 ha) at Buyant river delta; 16. Have revisions made to the environmental impacts assessment of Durgun HPP and reduce its negative impacts; 15. Actions to be undertaken throughout the river basin 17. Reduce pressure on water resource and pastureland through improvement of livestock qualities; &DUU\ RXW HI FLHQW SXEOLF DZDUHQHVV RQ ZDWHU UHVRXUFH FRQVHUYDWLRQ VXVWDLQDEOH XVH WUDGLWLRQDO SUDFWLFHV DQG QRUPV DQG VWDQ18. GDUGV RQ UHJXODU EDVLV WKURXJK HQKDQFLQJ ZLWK VFLHQWL FDOO\ EDVHG NQRZOHGJH NQRZ KRZ DQG PHWKRGRORJLHV ACTIONS TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN PHASE 2 (2016-2021) In upper part of basin 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Take under state and local protection the rivers and water bodies that constitute about 70 per cent of river runoff and the areas that are important for conservation of biodiversity;,qwurgxfh QHZ DGYDQFHG WHFKQRORJLHV LQWR LUULJDWLRQ SUDFWLFH DQG UHVWRUH KHDG IDFLOLWLHV RI LUULJDWHG KD\PDNLQJ HOGV Establish water harvesting reservoirs (60-70 km3) in high mountainous area, where evaporation is less, and adjust the runoff; Extend research and monitoring network and place rain generators in mountainous areas to increase precipitation; Support forestation and forest restoration efforts and establish green strips preventing from sand movement; In middle part of basin Restrict wasteful consumption of ground water in towns and settled areas through installing water meters among water users and consumers; 7. Introduce recycling technology in water treatment facilities in the towns; 8. Improve water supply facility networks in Khovd and Ulgii towns; 9. Renew and introduce advanced technologies into town green area irrigation systems; 10. Support tree nursery businesses and reduce over-explotation of trees and woods; 6. In lower part of basin 11. Support the introduction of advanced technologies that economically use water resource into irrigated farmland regions; 12. 2UJDQLVH FKDQJLQJ DQG UHQHZLQJ WKH +33 FKDQQHOV WKDW HQDEOH VK SDVV WKURXJK Actions to be undertaken throughout the basin 21 13. Carry out forestation and forest restoration in the area (up to 5 per cent of total territory of basin); 14. Protect and build livestock exclosure around natural springs (80 per cent of total natural springs in the basin) throughout the basin; Demarcate hygienic and regular conservation zones of rivers in all the soums located along rivers and enforce the conservation 15. regimes in the soums; &DUU\ RXW HI FLHQW SXEOLF DZDUHQHVV RQ ZDWHU UHVRXUFH FRQVHUYDWLRQ VXVWDLQDEOH XVH WUDGLWLRQDO SUDFWLFHV DQG QRUPV DQG VWDQ16. GDUGV RQ UHJXODU EDVLV WKURXJK HQKDQFLQJ ZLWK VFLHQWL FDOO\ EDVHG NQRZOHGJH NQRZ KRZ DQG PHWKRGRORJLHV

KHAR LAKE-KHOVD RIVER BASIN INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLAN: EXPECTED MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS OF PHASE 1 (2011-2015) are readwaters SHU FHQW plan; gs in Tsen- P IW VX pla i lakes in 1. SHU FHQW RI KHDGV DQG XSSHU SDUWV RI ULYHUV WKDW PDNH XS ULYHU UXQRII taken under state and local protection; ydrologi- )RUHVWDWLRQ GRQH DW OHDVW LQ KD DQG IRUHVW UHVWRUDWLRQ DW OHDVW LQ 100 ha in Tsengel, Ulaankhus and Sagsai soums; conserva- SHU FHQW RI WRWDO QDWXUDO VSULQJV LQ WKH EDVLQ SURWHFWHG DQG IHQFHG around in participation of local communities; Ulgii and 2.,UULJDWLRQ LQ KD\PDNLQJ HOGV LQ 'HOXXQ DQG 7VHQJHO VRXPV PDQDJHG with strict schedules & rotations; d settled REVHUYDWLRQ VWDWLRQV RI UHVHDUFK DQG PRQLWRULQJ QHWZRUN GHDOLQJ with water resource and quality established; obi soums ementa- $UHDV GHWHUPLQHG LQ KLJK PRXQWDLQRXV ]RQH ZKHUH VXUIDFH ZDWHU from glacier melting is harvested; ngs in SHU FHQW RI KRXVHKROGV DQG EXVLQHVV HQWLWLHV FRQQHFWHG WR FHQWUDO water facilities in Ulgii and Khovd towns installed with water meters; ivation 3. 5HQHZLQJ WHFKQRORJLHV RI ZDVWHZDWHU WUHDWPHQW SODQWV LQ 8OJLL DQG Khovd towns started up; &XOWLYDWLRQ RU IDUPLQJ EXVLQHVV LQFUHDVHG E\ WLPHV DV WKH LUULJDWLRQ system of 2400 ha in Buyant river delta is operated in its full capacity; QG VWDQ- e areas unoff; users and ; e basin; ervation QG VWDQ22 23

PILOT AREAS TO IMPLEMENT IWRM PLAN (2011-2015) MAIN P MANAG IMPLEM The actions focused on the water resource conservation and VXVWDLQDEOH XVH VSHFL HG LQ.KDU ODNH.KRYG ULYHU EDVLQ,:50 plan will be implemented in the following three areas: 1. UPSTREAM AREA OF KHAR LAKE-KHOVD RIVER BASIN (Bayan-UIgii aimag: Deluun soum- 7KH PDQ operatio time; upstream of Buyant river; Tsengel and Sagsai soums- upstream of river): forestation, restoration and building fences around source of natural springs or upper sides; protection of upstreams of rivers; improvement of waste management; & UHGXFWLRQ RI LQHI FLHQW XVH RI ZDWHU IRU KD\PDNLQJ HOG LUULJDWLRQ $OO WKH V regulatio and sou tence wi 7KH DLP ployees of mana mechan commun 2. MEDIAN AREA: Ulgii and Khovd towns, where human populations are concentrated in the basin: installation of water meters among water users; renewing water treatment plants and advancing their technologies; improvement of waste management; demarcation of river conservation zones and enforcement of conservation regimes; 5HJXODU mentatio revisions XVLQJ ÀH 3. DOWNSTREAM AREA: (Khovd aimag: Myan- gad, Khovd, Buyant and Durgun soums located at downstream of Buyant and Khovd rivers) - forestation, waste management and reduction of wasteful use of ZDWHU IRU FXOWLYDWLRQ HOG LUULJDWLRQ 23 24

MAIN PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION n and :50 CONTENTS Foreword Introduction 1 Location of Khar lake-khovd river basin 2 Environmental state 3 Protected Area network 4 History, culture and custom 4 Water resource of the basin 5 Water use and future tendency 6 Integrated water resource management plan 8 $OO WKH VKRUW WHUPHG SODQV DQG SURJUDPPHV SURMHFWV regulations, standards and procedures of the aimags and soums in the basin will be developed in consistence with the management plan; River Basin Council 9 Prioritized issues and problems faced Khar lake-khovd river basin 10 7KH DLPDJ DQG VRXP DXWKRULWLHV RI FHUV DQG HPployees will actively take part in the implementation of management plan using all necessary tools and mechanisms such as lobby, leadership and other communication means; Issue 1: Melting of glaciers 11 Issue 2: Over-utilization of riparian forests 13 Issue: 3 Overgrazing 13 7KH PDQDJHPHQW SODQ ZLOO EH WKH PDLQ PDQDJHPHQW operation programme within the stated period of time; 5HJXODU PRQLWRULQJ ZLOO EH FDUULHG RXW RYHU WKH LPSOHmentation of management plan and when necessary, revisions will be made to the management plan by XVLQJ ÀH[LEOH FRRUGLQDWLRQ DSSURDFK Issue 4: Unsustainable use of water in irrigated farmland and KD\PDNLQJ HOG Issue 5: Wasteful use of ground water 15 Issue 6: Aquatic ecosystem deterioration 15 Issue 7: Water pollution 16 Issue 8: Wastewater treatment plant 17 Issue 9: Low public awareness 17 Development process of Khar lake-khovd IWRM plan 18 Goal and objectives of the management plan 20 Actions for Phase 1 (2011-2015) 21 Actions to be implemented in phase 2 (2016-2021) 21 Khar lake-khovd river basin integrated water resource management plan: expected main achievements of phase 1 (2011-2015) 22 Pilot areas to implement IWRM plan 23 Main principles of management plan implementation 24 24

KH KHOVD BUYANT RIVER BASIN COUNCIL Khovd province Jargalant soum Altai Trest building Tel: 01432-22228 Fax: 01432-22228 Post box: 203 Web site: www.khovd-gol.mn info@khovd-gol.mn ovd river basin or of arite, ze H as s, Photo credits: WWF Mongolia Khovd, Buyant River Basin Councils Tony Vorauer S.Tsatsralt e uld, om- ouny preng WWF Mongolia Why we are here.vision Statement Ìîíãîë çýðëýãofàíwwf, As a family member the óðãàìëûí international conto stop theîðîí degradation ofàìüòàí, the planet s naturalºëãèé íóòàã áàéæ, õ í àðä íü áàéãàëüòàéãàà servation network, we will help Mongolia becoming environment and to build a future in whichø òýëöýí humans a åèéí åä for ñýòãýë àìüäðàõ èðýýä éã safe wildlife, where people enjoy a quality of live in home harmony withõàíãàëóóí nature. á òýýõýä îðøèíî. to come in harmony with nature. life for generations Printed by EKIMTO Co.,LTD 4 INTEGRATED RESOURCE M PLAN FOR KH KHOVD RIVER Phase I: 2011-2015; P