Heart of Texas Targeted Occupations Guide

Transcription

1 Heart of Texas Targeted Occupations Guide

2 .... Table of Contents Heart of Texas Targeted Occupations Guide: An Introduction. 3 Aircraft Mechanic or Service Technician 4 Aircraft Structure, Surface, Rigging, and System Assembler. 5 Automotive Body and Related Repairer. 6 Automotive Service Technician and Mechanic 7 Avionics Technician 8 Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerk 9 Bus and Truck Mechanic and Diesel Engine Specialist. 10 Degree and Certification Programs Legend Hill Hill College. Local campuses in Hillsboro and Clifton. Additional campuses located outside Heart of Texas region. MCC McLennan Community College. Campus located in Waco. Navarro Navarro College. Local campus in Mexia. Additional campuses located outside Heart of Texas region. TSTC Texas State Technical College. Local campus in Waco. Additional campuses located outside Heart of Texas region. 2 Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas. Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operator, Metal and Plastic. 11 Computer Support Specialist. 12 Customer Service Representative. 13 Dental Assistant. 14 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technician. 15 Electrical Power-Line Installer and Repairer Electrician 17 Executive Secretary and Executive Administrative Assistant. 18 First-Line Supervisor of Production and Operating Workers Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanic and Installer 20 Heavy & Tractor Trailer Truck Driver. 21 Industrial Engineering Technician. 22 Industrial Machinery Mechanic. 23 Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurse. 24 Machinist. 25 Maintenance and Repair Worker, General 26 Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technician. 27 Medical Assistant 28 Medical Records and Health Information Technician. 29 Medical Secretary. 30 Middle School Teacher, Except Special and Career/Technical Education. 31 Nursing Aide, Orderly, and Attendant Operating Engineer and Other Construction Equipment Operator. 33 Plumber, Pipefitter, and Steamfitter. 34 Police and Sheriff s Patrol Officer. 35 Radiologic Technologist and Technician 36 Registered Nurse 37 Respiratory Therapist 38 Secondary School Teacher, Except Special and Career/Technical Education. 39 Secretary and Administrative Assistant, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive. 40 Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operator.41 Welder, Cutter, Solderer, and Brazer. 42

3 Menu of Workforce Solutions Jobseeker Services General Jobseeker Services Workforce Solutions assists Jobseekers in all of the following ways: Assistance with job searches, career exploration, skill building activities, and unemployment insurance Free job searches Classes for jobseekers including resume writing, job application, and interviewing skills Self-Service Resource Room equipped with computers with Internet access, fax and copy machines, and a selfservice library Supportive services including child care and forms for financial assistance Consumer information on the quality of educational and training providers To learn about the basic jobseeker services that Workforce Solutions provides, please visit Youth Jobseeker Services Workforce Solutions assists youths in all of the following ways: Receiving academic instruction Tutoring that supports success Job readiness activities Improving grades Completing high school or GED Locating and retaining employment career exploration and employment event To learn more about the services that Workforce Solutions provides that are specific to youth jobseekers, please visit Veteran Jobseeker Services Workforce Solutions assists veterans in all of the following ways: On-the-job training programs Meeting qualifications Veteran representative contacts Vocational rehabilitation programs Work Opportunity Tax Credit information To learn more about the services that Workforce Solutions provides that are specific to veteran jobseekers, please visit Heart of Texas Targeted Occupations Guide: An Introduction Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas is dedicated to growing the vital industries and occupations that comprise the Heart of Texas workforce. This document outlines the high-growth, high-demand targeted occupations within the Heart of Texas region. The Heart of Texas Workforce Development Board, Inc. compiled this list through an in-depth industry analysis and compared their findings to a Bureau of Labor Statistics report. More specifically, this report was designed to provide information to assist residents make career choices. A description of each highgrowth occupation includes: A brief summary of what the job entails, type of work it includes, and the typical work conditions The method of entry into the specific field of work Degree and certification programs through local colleges, if applicable openings and average earnings for the occupation Through these target occupations, The Heart of Texas Workforce Development Board, Inc. and Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas are committed to improving and growing our local economy and workforce, which means providing jobseekers like you the tools you need to find your dream job and reach your goals. Data Sources: Bureau of Labor Statistics: Occupational Outlook Handbook, Edition, Texas Workforce Commission / Labor Market and Career Information: Standardized Occupational Components for Research and Analysis of Trends in Employment System (SOCRATES), U.S. Department of Labor / Employment and Training Administration: O*NET, The Heart of Texas Targeted Occupations Guide refers to the Heart of Texas area or region as the six counties Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas serves. 3

4 Aircraft Mechanic and Service Technician Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians specialize in preventive maintenance. They inspect aircraft engines, landing gear, instruments, pressurized sections, accessories, and other parts of the aircraft, and do the necessary maintenance and replacement of parts. They also keep records related to the maintenance performed on the aircraft. Mechanics and technicians conduct inspections following a schedule based on the number of hours the aircraft has flown, calendar days since the last inspection, cycles of operation, or a combination of these factors. In planes of all sorts, aircraft mechanics examine engines by working through specially designed openings. Mechanics also may repair sheet metal or composite surfaces; measure the tension of control cables; and check for corrosion, distortion, and cracks in the fuselage, wings, and tail. After completing all repairs, they must test the equipment to ensure that it works properly. Mechanics work in hangars, repair stations, or on the airfield flight lines where aircraft park. Mechanics work under time pressure to maintain flight schedules or, in general aviation, to keep from inconveniencing customers. At the same time, mechanics have a tremendous responsibility to maintain safety standards, and this can cause the job to be stressful. Frequently, mechanics must lift or pull objects weighing more than 70 pounds. They often stand, lie, or kneel in awkward positions and occasionally must work in precarious positions, such as on scaffolds or ladders. Noise and vibration are common when testing engines, so ear protection is necessary. Aircraft mechanics usually work 40 hours a week on 8-hour shifts around the clock. Overtime and weekend work is frequent. Most occupations in this area require training in vocational schools, related on-the-job experience, or an associate s degree. Previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is required for these occupations. For example, an electrician must have completed three or four years of apprenticeship or several years of vocational training, and often must have passed a licensing exam, in order to perform the job. Employees in these occupations usually need one or two years of training involving both on-the-job experience and informal training with experienced workers. A recognized apprenticeship program may be associated with these occupations. TSTC Aviation Maintenance Technology Program TSTC Aircraft Power-plant Degree TSTC Aircraft Airframe Degree TSTC Aviation CareerEducation (ACE) Sponsorship Program summary/ Texas 14,030 16, % $26.34 $54,787 Heart of Texas % $20.04 $41,683 4 Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas

5 Aircraft Structure, Surface, Rigging, and System Assembler Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers, also called Sheet Metal Assembler and Riveter (SMAR), Structures Technician, Helicopter Mechanic, Aircraft Line Assembler, Assembly Riveter, Helicopter Technician, Line Assembler, or Structures Mechanic, is classified as an occupation whose job duties rely on moderate use of technology. These workers assemble, fit, fasten, and install parts of airplanes, space vehicles, or missiles, such as tails, wings, fuselage, bulkheads, stabilizers, landing gear, rigging and control equipment, or heating and ventilating systems. Usually work in hangars or other indoor areas which may not be climate controlled. Must wear common protective or safety equipment such as safety shoes, glasses, gloves, hearing protection, or hard hats due to exposure to hazardous equipment, high noise levels and/or exposure to potential contaminants. High importance for exactness and accuracy. Usually work 40 hours a week on 8-hour shifts. Overtime work may be required. These occupations usually require a high school diploma or GED. Some previous workrelated skill, knowledge or experience is usually preferred by employers. Employees in these occupations need anywhere from a few months to one year of working with experienced employees. A recognized apprenticeship program may be associated with these occupations. In the Heart of Texas there are training programs available to make one more competitive in securing employment in this or a related occupation. TSTC Aircraft Powerplant Technology Degree TSTC Airframe Mechanics and Aircraft Maintenance Technology Degree TSTC Avionics Maintenance Technology Program Texas 4,030 5, % $23.07 $47,986 Heart of Texas % NP NP summary/

6 Automotive Body and Related Repairer Most of the damage resulting from everyday vehicle collisions can be repaired, and vehicles can be refinished to look and drive like new. Automotive Body and Related Repairers straighten bent bodies, remove dents, and replace crumpled parts that cannot be fixed. They repair all types of vehicles, and although some work on large trucks, buses, or tractor-trailers, most work on cars and small trucks. Usually work in garage bays or other indoor areas which may not be climate controlled; a great deal of time is spent standing. Must wear common protective or safety equipment such as safety shoes, glasses, gloves, hearing protection due to exposure to hazardous equipment, high noise levels and/or exposure to potential contaminants. High importance for exactness and accuracy. May work under time pressure to avoid inconveniencing customers. Usually work 40 hours a week on 8-hour shifts. Overtime work may be required. A high school diploma or GED is often all that is required to enter this occupation, but more specific education and training is needed to learn how to repair newer automobiles. Collision repair programs may be offered in high school or in postsecondary vocational schools and community colleges. TSTC Auto Collision & Management Technology Program TSTC Auto Refinishing Certificate TSTC Auto Collision Repair Certificate TSTC Auto Collision & Management Degree Texas 11,840 13, % $19.30 $40,144 Heart of Texas % $27.99 $58,219 summary/ Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas

7 Automotive Service Technician and Mechanic Automotive Service Technicians inspect, maintain, and repair automobiles and light trucks that run on gasoline, electricity, or alternative fuels such as ethanol. Automotive service technicians and mechanics responsibilities have evolved from simple mechanical repairs to high-level technology-related work. Generally, service technicians work indoors in well-ventilated and well-lighted repair shops. Although many problems can be fixed with simple computerized adjustments, technicians frequently work with dirty and greasy parts and in awkward positions. They often lift heavy parts and tools. Usually work a standard 40-hour week. Some may work evenings and weekends to satisfy customer service needs. Most employers regard the successful completion of a vocational training program in automotive service technology as the best preparation for trainee positions. High school programs, while an asset, vary greatly in scope. Graduates of these programs may need further training to become qualified. Hill Automotive Technology Program Hill Automotive Technology - Basic Automotive Repair Technology Certificate Hill Automotive Technology - Advanced Automotive Engine Repair Tech Certificate TSTC Automotive Technology Program TSTC Toyota-Technical Education Network Degree TSTC Automotive Parts Specialist Certificate TSTC Automotive Technology Level 2 Certificate TSTC Heavy Line Technician Certificate TSTC Toyota Technician Level 2 Certificate Acquiring National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) certification is important for those seeking work in large, urban areas. summary/ Texas 53,820 61, % $17.83 $37,086 Heart of Texas % $17.34 $36,067 7

8 Avionics Technician Avionics Technicians repair and maintain components used for aircraft navigation and radio communications, weather radar system and other instruments and computers that control flight, the engine and other primary functions. These systems are an integral part of aircraft design and have vastly increased efficiency, capability and reliability of modern aircraft. Avionics technicians work in hangars or repair stations. Mechanics often work under time pressure to maintain flight schedules or, in general aviation, to keep from inconveniencing customers. Technicians have a tremendous responsibility to maintain safety standards, and this can cause the job to be stressful. Usually work a standard 40-hour week. To work as an Avionics Technician, one must be at least 18 years of age, fluent in English, and have a high school diploma or its equivalent in addition to having the needed technical skills. Most learn their skills in an FAA-certified Aviation Maintenance Technician School. TSTC Avionics Program TSTC Avionics Ramp Testing Certificate TSTC Aviation Maintenance Technology Program Avionics technicians who work on communications equipment must obtain a restricted radiotelephone operator license from the Federal Communications Commission. Texas 1,670 1, % $24.83 $51,646 Heart of Texas % NP NP summary/ Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas

9 Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerk Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks help to ensure that firms are run efficiently, public records kept accurately, and its taxes paid properly and on time. They analyze and communicate financial information for various entities such as companies, individual clients, and government. Beyond carrying out the fundamental tasks of the occupation, many accountants also offer budget analysis, financial and investment planning, information technology consulting, and limited legal services. Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks work in an office environment and use computers on a daily basis. Clerks may have to sit for extended periods while reviewing detailed data. Many bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks work regular business hours and a standard 40-hour week, although some may work occasional evenings and weekends. About 1 out of 4 clerks worked part time in Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks may work longer hours to meet deadlines at the end of the fiscal year, during tax time, or when monthly or yearly accounting audits are performed. Additionally, those who work in hotels, restaurants, and stores may put in overtime during peak holiday and vacation seasons. A high school degree is the minimum requirement. However, postsecondary education is increasingly important and an associate degree in business or accounting is required for some positions. The large size of this occupation ensures plentiful job openings, including many opportunities for temporary and part-time work. MCC Accounting Certificate Navarro Accounting Assistant/Paraprofessional Certificate summary/ Texas 131, , % $17.08 $35,526 Heart of Texas 1,620 1, % $15.99 $33,

10 Bus and Truck Mechanic and Diesel Engine Specialist Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists repair and maintain the diesel engines that power transportation equipment. Some diesel technicians and mechanics also work on other heavy vehicles and mobile equipment, including bulldozers, cranes, road graders, farm tractors, and combines. Other technicians repair diesel-powered passenger automobiles, light trucks, or boats. Technicians normally work in well-lighted and ventilated areas indoors, although they occasionally repair vehicles on the road or at the jobsite. Many employers provide lockers and shower facilities. Diesel technicians may lift heavy parts and tools, handle greasy and dirty parts, and stand or lie in awkward positions while making repairs. Minor cuts, burns, and bruises are common, although serious accidents can usually be avoided when safety procedures are followed. Technicians may work as a team or be assisted by an apprentice or helper when doing heavy work, such as removing engines and transmissions. Most service technicians work a standard 40-hour week, although some work longer hours, particularly if they are self-employed. A growing number of shops have expanded their hours to speed repairs and offer more convenience to customers. Some truck and bus firms provide maintenance and repair service around the clock and on weekends. High school courses in automotive repair, electronics, English, mathematics, and physics provide a strong educational background for a career as a diesel service technician or mechanic. Occupations at this level generally require completion of vocational school training. Some programs last only a few weeks while others may last more than a year. In some occupations, a license is needed that requires passing an examination after completion of the training. TSTC Diesel Equipment Technology Degree Program TSTC Heavy Truck Specialization Degree and Certificate TSTC DET Marine Specialization Degree and Certificate summary/ Texas 19,810 23, % $19.45 $40,456 Heart of Texas % $19.13 $39, Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas

11 Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operator, Metal and Plastic Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators use computer numerically controlled (CNC) machines to cut and shape precision products, such as automobile, aviation, and machine parts. CNC machines operate by reading the code included in a computer-controlled module, which drives the machine tool and performs the functions of forming and shaping a part formerly done by machine operators. Most machine shops are clean, well lit, and ventilated. Most modern CNC machines are partially or totally enclosed, minimizing the exposure of workers to noise, debris, and the lubricants used to cool workpieces during machining. Since CNC machines can operate with limited input from the operator, a single operator may monitor several machines simultaneously. Operators are expected to carefully schedule their work so that all of the machines are always operating. People working in this occupation report fewer injuries than other manufacturing jobs; nevertheless, working around machine tools can be noisy and presents certain dangers, and workers must follow safety precautions to minimize injuries. The job requires stamina, because operators stand most of the day and, at times, may need to lift moderately heavy workpieces. Many computer control programmers and operators work a 40-hour week. CNC operators increasingly work evening and weekend shifts as companies justify investments in expensive machinery by extending hours of operation. Overtime is common during peak production periods. The amount and type of education and training needed depends on the type of job. Entrylevel CNC machine operators may need only a couple of weeks of on-the-job training to reach proficiency. High school diploma or GED is necessary with vocational school courses in mathematics (trigonometry and algebra), blueprint reading, computer programming, metalworking, and drafting. Apprenticeship programs consist of shop training and related classroom instruction. In shop training, apprentices learn filing, handtapping, and dowel fitting, as well as the operation of various machine tools. Classroom instruction includes math, physics, programming, blueprint reading, CAD software, safety, and shop practices. TSTC Computerized Control Systems Degree TSTC Robotic Systems Degree summary/ Texas 7,020 9, % $17.89 $37,211 Heart of Texas % $18.20 $37,856 11

12 Computer Support Specialist Computer Support Specialists provide technical assistance to computer users. Answer questions or resolve computer problems for clients in person, or via telephone or electronically. May provide assistance concerning the use of computer hardware and software, including printing, installation, word processing, electronic mail, and operating systems. Excludes Network and Computer Systems Administrators ( ). Computer support specialists normally work in well-lighted, comfort laboratories. Most work about 40 hours a week. considerable time working at a client s location. As computer networks expand, more computer support specialists may be able to provide technical support from remote locations. This capability would reduce or eliminate travel to the customer s workplace, and may allow some support specialists to work from home. A college degree is required for some computer support specialist positions, but an associate degree or certification is sufficient for others. Strong problem-solving and communication skills are essential. Hill Computer Science Degree Navarro Computer Information Technology Degree and Certificate TSTC Computer Maintenance Technology Degree TSTC Systems Maintenance Technology Certificate TSTC Home Technology Integration Certificate tx.us/isocrates/occprofiles/ occprofile.asp?soc= &reptype=&lwda=00 Texas 52,240 62, % $ $ 49,835 Heart of Texas % $ $ 41, Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas

13 Customer Service Representative Customer Service Representatives are employed by many different types of companies to serve as a direct point of contact for customers. They are responsible for ensuring that their company s customers receive an adequate level of service or help with their questions and concerns. These customers may be individual consumers or other companies, and their service needs can vary considerably. Confer with customers by telephone or in person to provide information about products and services, to take or enter orders, cancel accounts, or to obtain details of complaints. Although customer service representatives work in a variety of settings, most work in areas that are clean and well lit. Those who work in call centers generally have their own workstations or cubicle spaces equipped with telephones, headsets, and computers. Because many call centers are open extended hours or are staffed around the clock, these positions may require workers to take on early morning, evening, or late night shifts. Weekend or holiday work is also common. Because peak times may not last for a full shift, many workers are part-time or work a split shift. As a result, the occupation is well suited to flexible work schedules. The large size of this occupation ensures plentiful job openings, including many opportunities for temporary and part-time work. Call centers may be crowded and noisy, and work may be repetitious and stressful, with little time between calls. Also, long periods spent sitting, typing, or looking at a computer screen may cause eye and muscle strain, backaches, headaches, and repetitive motion injuries. Most customer service representative jobs require a high school diploma or GED with the employer providing on-the-job training to new employees that may last a few days or several months. Good problem-solving and communications skills are critical in this occupation. Some industries may require college coursework up to an Associate s or even a Bachelor s if the service is highly technical. summary/ Texas 200, , % $14.30 $29,744 Heart of Texas 2,400 2, % $12.34 $25,

14 Dental Assistant Dental Assistants work closely with, and under the supervision of, dentists. They assist dentists with a variety of patient care, patient and equipment set-up, and record keeping. Dental assistants should not be confused with the more highly skilled Dental hygienists, who are licensed to perform clinical tasks. Dental assistants work in a well-lighted, clean environment. Their work area is usually near the dental chair so that they can arrange instruments, materials, and medication and hand them to the dentist when needed. Dental assistants must wear gloves, masks, eyewear, and protective clothing to protect themselves and their patients from infectious diseases. Assistants also follow safety procedures to minimize the risks associated with the use of x-ray machines. Almost half of dental assistants work a 35- to 40-hour workweek. More than one-third worked part time, or less than 35 hours per week, and others have variable schedules. Depending on the hours of the dental office where they work, assistants may work on Saturdays or evenings. Some dental assistants hold multiple jobs by working at dental offices that are open on different days or by scheduling their work at a second office around the hours they work at their primary office. The Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA) approves dental-assisting training programs. Programs include classroom, laboratory, and preclinical instruction in dentalassisting skills and related theory. Most programs take 1 year to complete and lead to a certificate or diploma. Two-year programs offered at community colleges lead to an associate degree. Programs require a high school diploma or its equivalent. Private vocational schools offer 4- to 6-month courses in dental assisting, but the Commission on Dental Accreditation does not accredit these programs. TSTC Dental Assistant Certificate summary/ Texas 21,930 27, % $15.72 $32,698 Heart of Texas % $15.80 $32, Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas

15 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technician Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technicians apply electrical and electronic theory and related knowledge, usually under the direction of engineering staff, to design, build, repair, calibrate, and modify electrical components, circuitry, controls, and machinery for subsequent evaluation and use by engineering staff in making engineering design decisions. Excludes Broadcast Technicians ( ). Most engineering technicians work 40 hours a week in laboratories, in offices, in manufacturing or industrial plants, or on construction sites. Some may be exposed to hazards from equipment, chemicals, or toxic materials, but incidents are rare as long as proper procedures are followed. Although it may be possible to qualify for certain engineering technician jobs without formal training, most employers prefer to hire someone with at least a 2-year associate degree in engineering technology. People with college courses in science, engineering, and mathematics may qualify for some positions but may need additional specialized training and experience. Because many engineering technicians assist in design work, creativity is desirable. Good communication skills and the ability to work well with others also are important because engineering technicians are typically part of a team of engineers and other technicians. TSTC Electrical Systems Technology Degree TSTC Electrical Construction Certificate Texas 16,190 18, % $27.28 $56,742 Heart of Texas % $30.08 $62,566 occprofiles/occprofile.asp?soc= &reptype=&lwda=00 15

16 Electrical Power-Line Installer and Repairer Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers, also called line erectors, install and maintain the networks of power lines that go from generating plants to the customer. All line installers construct new lines by erecting utility poles and towers, or digging underground trenches, to carry the wires and cables. The work of line installers and repairers can be very physically demanding. Line installers must be comfortable working both at heights and in confined spaces. While bucket trucks have reduced the amount of climbing workers must do, all line workers must be able to climb utility poles and balance while working on them. Work often requires that they drive utility vehicles, travel long distances, and work outdoors under poor weather conditions. Workers on the interstate power grid are often required to travel extensively for their job. Since line installers and repairers fix damage from storms, they may be asked to work long and irregular hours during unpleasant weather. They can expect to frequently be on-call and work overtime. When performing normal maintenance and constructing new lines, line installers work more traditional hours. Most companies require a high school diploma or the equivalent. Employers look for people with basic knowledge of algebra and trigonometry and good reading and writing skills. Technical knowledge of electricity or electronics obtained through military service, vocational programs or community colleges can be helpful, but is rarely required for new employees. Community and technical colleges offer programs in telecommunications, electronics, or electricity. Some programs work with local companies to offer 1-year certificates that emphasize hands-on field work. More advanced 2-year associate degree programs provide students with a broader knowledge of the technology used in electrical utilities. Training Program TSTC Electrical Power Line Technician Certificate summary/ Texas 9,070 11, % $25.25 $52, 562 Heart of Texas % $25.56 $53, Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas

17 Electrician Electricians bring electricity into homes, businesses, and factories. They install and maintain the wiring, fuses, and other components through which electricity flows. Many electricians also install and maintain electrical machines in factories. Electricians work indoors and out, at construction sites, in homes, and in businesses or factories. The work may be strenuous at times and may include bending conduit, lifting heavy objects, and standing, stooping, and kneeling for long periods. Most electricians work a standard 40-hour week, although overtime may be required. Those who do maintenance work may work nights or weekends and/or be on call to go to the worksite when needed. Electricians in industrial settings may have periodic extended overtime during scheduled maintenance or retooling periods. Companies that operate 24 hours a day may employ three shifts of electricians. Most electricians learn their trade through apprenticeship programs. These programs combine paid on-the-job training with related classroom instruction. Because of the comprehensive training received, those who complete apprenticeship programs qualify to do both maintenance and construction work. Apprenticeship programs usually last four years. Texas requires electricians to be licensed, so they must pass an examination that tests their knowledge of electrical theory, the National Electrical Code, and local and State electric and building codes. Other skills needed to be an electrician include manual dexterity, eye-hand coordination, physical fitness, and a good sense of balance. Electricians need good color vision because workers frequently must identify electrical wires by color. TSTC Electrical Systems Technology Degree TSTC Electrical Construction Certificate summary/ Texas 50,220 58, % $20.79 $43,243 Heart of Texas % $17.94 $37,315 17

18 Executive Secretary and Executive Administrative Assistant Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants provide high-level administrative support by conducting research, preparing statistical reports, handling information requests, and performing clerical functions such as preparing correspondence, receiving visitors, arranging conference calls, and scheduling meetings. May also train and supervise lower-level clerical staff. Excludes Secretaries ( through ). Secretaries and administrative assistants usually work in schools, hospitals, corporate settings, government agencies, or legal and medical offices. The job often involves sitting for long periods, and if a lot of time is spent keyboarding, particularly at a computer monitor, problems of eyestrain, stress, and repetitive motion ailments such as carpal tunnel syndrome may occur. The majority of secretaries and administrative assistants are full-time employees who work a standard 40-hour week. High school graduates who have basic office skills may qualify for entry-level secretarial positions. They can acquire skills in various ways. Training ranges from high school vocational education programs that teach office skills and typing to 1- and 2-year programs in office administration offered by business and vocational-technical schools, and community colleges. Hill Information Processing Program MCC Administrative Assistant Degree MCC Office Assistant Technology Certificate Navarro Business Information Technology Degree Texas 84,940 98, % $23.89 $49,691 Heart of Texas 1,100 1, % $21.07 $43,826 summary/ Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas

19 First-Line Supervisor of Production and Operating Workers First-Line Supervisor of Production and Operating Workers supervises and coordinates the activities of inspectors, precision workers, machine setters and operators, assemblers, fabricators, and plant and system operators. They plan and establish work schedules, assignments, and production sequences to meet production goals. First line supervisors interpret specifications, blueprints, job orders, and company policies and procedures for workers, and confer with management or subordinates to resolve worker problems, complaints, or grievances. Most production supervisors/managers divide their time between production areas and their offices. While in the production area, they must follow established health and safety practices and wear protective clothing and equipment. The time in the office, which often is located near production areas, usually is spent meeting with subordinates or other department managers, analyzing production data, and writing and reviewing reports. Many supervisors/managers work extended hours, especially when production deadlines must be met. In facilities that operate around the clock, managers often work late shifts and may be called at any hour to deal with emergencies. This could mean going to the plant to resolve the problem, regardless of the hour, and staying until the situation is under control. Dealing with production workers as well as superiors when working under the pressure of production deadlines or emergency situations can be stressful. Some industrial production managers enter the occupation after working their way up through the ranks, starting as production workers and then advancing to supervisory positions. These workers already have an intimate knowledge of the production process and the firm s organization. To increase one s chances of promotion, workers can expand their skills by obtaining a college degree, demonstrating leadership qualities, or taking courses to learn the additional skills needed in management positions. Many managers have a college degree in business administration, industrial technology, or industrial engineering. However, although employers may prefer candidates with a business or engineering background, some companies will hire well-rounded graduates from other fields who are willing to spend time in a production-related job, because experience in some aspect of production operations is needed before one advances to management positions. summary/ Texas 46,610 51, % $28.97 $60,258 Heart of Texas % $24.25 $50,440 19

20 Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanic and Installer Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics install, maintain, and repair such systems, which consist of many mechanical, electrical, and electronic components, such as motors, compressors, pumps, fans, ducts, pipes, thermostats, and switches. Because heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, and refrigeration systems often are referred to as HVACR systems, these workers also may be called HVACR technicians. Heating, air-conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers work in homes, retail establishments, hospitals, office buildings, and factories anywhere there is climate-control equipment that needs to be installed, repaired, or serviced. They may be assigned to specific job sites at the beginning of each day or may be dispatched to a variety of locations if they are making service calls. Technicians may work outside in cold or hot weather, or in buildings that are uncomfortable because the air-conditioning or heating equipment is broken. In addition, technicians might work in awkward or cramped positions, and sometimes they are required to work in high places. The majority of mechanics and installers work at least 40 hours a week. During peak seasons, they often work overtime or irregular hours. Maintenance workers, including those who provide maintenance services under contract, often work evening or weekend shifts and are on call. Many secondary and postsecondary technical and trade schools, and community colleges offer 6-month to 2-year programs in heating, air-conditioning, and refrigeration. Students study theory of temperature control, equipment design and construction, and electronics. They also learn the basics of installation, maintenance, and repair. Heating, air-conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers are required to be licensed. A test must be passed which requires knowledge of electrical codes and HVACR-specific knowledge. In addition, all technicians who purchase or work with refrigerants must be certified in their proper handling. Hill Air Conditioning/Refrigeration Degree TSTC Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Technology Degree and Certificate summary/ Texas 24,050 30, % $19.55 $40,664 Heart of Texas % $17.16 $35, Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas

21 Heavy & Tractor Trailer Truck Driver Heavy & Tractor Trailer Truck Drivers provide a link between manufacturers and consumers. Businesses, and occasionally individuals, contract with trucking and warehousing companies to pick up, transport, store, and deliver a variety of goods. The industry includes general freight trucking and specialized freight trucking. Despite new technologies such as power steering, driving a truck is still a physically demanding job. Driving for many hours at a stretch, loading and unloading cargo, and making many deliveries can be tiring. Making the decision to work as a long-haul driver is a major lifestyle choice drivers may be away from home for days or weeks at a time, and they often spend a great deal of time alone. The U.S. Department of Transportation regulates work hours and other working conditions of truck drivers engaged in interstate commerce. A long-distance driver may drive for no more than 11 hours per day, and work a total of no more than 14 hours including driving and non-driving duties. Between working periods, a driver must have at least 10 hours off duty. Drivers also cannot work more than 60 hours in a week without being off-duty for at least 34 hours straight. Drivers are required to document their time in a log, which shows working hours and mileage by day. Long-distance drivers often travel nights, holidays, and weekends. Local truck drivers frequently work 50 or more hours a week. Drivers who handle food for chain grocery stores, produce markets, or bakeries typically work long hours often late at night or early in the morning. Most drivers have regular routes, although some have different routes each day. Many local truck drivers particularly driver/sales workers do a considerable amount of lifting, carrying, and walking. Local truck drivers usually return home each evening. Some enter the occupation by attending training schools for truck drivers, which require only a high school education. Many large trucking companies have formal training programs that prospective drivers attend. Other companies assign experienced drivers to teach and mentor newer drivers. summary/ Texas 141, , % $19.42 $40,394 Heart of Texas 1,930 2, % $15.44 $32,115 21

22 Industrial Engineering Technician Industrial Engineering Technicians study the efficient use of personnel, materials, and machines in factories, stores, repair shops, and offices. They prepare layouts of machinery and equipment, plan the flow of work, conduct statistical studies of production time or quality, and analyze production costs. In production facilities, workers are subject to common shop injuries such as cuts, bruises, and strains. In the construction setting, workers must be careful of heavy equipment. They also may work in awkward positions, including on top of ladders or in cramped conditions under large machinery, which exposes them to additional hazards. To avoid injuries, workers must follow safety precautions and use protective equipment, such as hardhats, safety glasses, steel-tipped shoes, hearing protectors, and belts. Because factories and other facilities cannot afford to have industrial machinery out of service for long periods, mechanics may be on call or assigned to work nights or weekends. Overtime is common among these occupations, as about 30 percent of employees worked over 40 hours per week. All machinery maintenance and millwright worker positions require a high school diploma or GED. However, employers increasingly prefer to hire machinery maintenance workers with some training in industrial technology. Employers also prefer to hire those who have taken high school or postsecondary courses in mechanical drawing, mathematics, blueprint reading, computer programming, or electronics. Hill Industrial Mechanical Technology Degree TSTC Industrial Systems Technology Degree TSTC Industrial Systems Mechanic Certificate TSTC Industrial Maintenance Mechanic Certificate summary/ Texas 3,890 4, % $28.64 $59,571 Heart of Texas % NP NP 22 Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas

23 Industrial Machinery Mechanic Industrial Machinery Mechanics are responsible for cleaning and lubricating machinery, performing basic diagnostic tests, checking performance, and testing damaged machine parts to determine whether major repairs are necessary. In carrying out these tasks, maintenance workers must follow machine specifications and adhere to maintenance schedules. Maintenance workers may perform minor repairs, but major repairs are generally left to machinery mechanics. In production facilities, workers are subject to common shop injuries such as cuts, bruises, and strains. In the construction setting, workers must be careful of heavy equipment. They also may work in awkward positions, including on top of ladders or in cramped conditions under large machinery, which exposes them to additional hazards. To avoid injuries, workers must follow safety precautions and use protective equipment, such as hardhats, safety glasses, steel-tipped shoes, hearing protectors, and belts. Because factories and other facilities cannot afford to have industrial machinery out of service for long periods, mechanics may be on call or assigned to work nights or weekends. Overtime is common among these occupations, as about 30 percent of employees worked over 40 hours a week. All machinery maintenance and millwright worker positions require a high school diploma or GED. However, employers increasingly prefer to hire machinery maintenance workers with some training in industrial technology. Employers also prefer to hire those who have taken high school or postsecondary courses in mechanical drawing, mathematics, blueprint reading, computer programming, or electronics. Hill Industrial Maintenance Technology Degree Navarro Industrial Equipment Maintenance and Repair Certificate TSTC Industrial Maintenance Mechanic Certificate summary/ Texas 31,020 43, % $23.04 $47,923 Heart of Texas % $23.10 $48,

24 Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurse As part of their work, these Licensed Nurses collect samples for testing, perform routine laboratory tests, and record food and fluid intake and output. They clean and monitor medical equipment, and occasionally help physicians and registered nurses perform tests and procedures. Some nurses help to deliver, care for, and feed infants. They also monitor their patients and report adverse reactions to medications or treatments. Most LPNs are generalists and will work in hospitals or other areas of healthcare, such as a nursing home, a doctor s office, or in home healthcare. Most licensed practical nurses work a standard 40-hour week. In some work setting where patients need round-the-clock care, LPNs may have to work nights, weekends, and holidays. They often stand for long periods and help patients move in bed, stand, or walk. LPNs may face hazards from caustic chemicals, radiation, and infectious diseases. They are subject to back injuries when moving patients. They often must deal with the stress of heavy workloads. In addition, the patients they care for may be confused, agitated, or uncooperative. All States and the District of Columbia require licensed practical and vocational nurses to pass a licensing examination, known as the NCLEX-PN, after completing a State-approved practical nursing program. A high school diploma or its equivalent usually is required for entry, although some programs accept candidates without a diploma, and some programs are part of a high school curriculum. LPNs need to be observant, and to have good decision-making and communication skills. As part of a healthcare team, they must be able to follow orders and work under close supervision. LPNs should enjoy learning because continuing education credits are required at regular intervals. Career-long learning is a distinct reality for LPNs. Hill Vocational Nursing Degree MCC Vocational Nursing Certificate Navarro Nursing Degree Program Navarro Licensed Vocational Nursing Certificate summary/ Texas 70,620 89, % $20.73 $43,118 Heart of Texas 1,170 1, % $20.81 $43, Workforce Solutions for the Heart of Texas

25 Machinist Machinists first review electronic or written blueprints or specifications for a job before they machine a part. Next, they calculate where to cut or bore into the workpiece the piece of steel, aluminum, titanium, plastic, silicon or any other material that is being shaped. They determine how fast to feed the workpiece into the machine and how much material to remove. They then select tools and materials for the job, plan the sequence of cutting and finishing operations, and mark the workpiece to show where cuts should be made. After this layout work is completed, machinists perform the necessary machining operations. Many machine shops are relatively clean, well lit, and ventilated. Computer-controlled machines often are partially or totally enclosed, minimizing the exposure of workers to noise, debris, and the lubricants used to cool workpieces during machining. Nevertheless, working around machine tools presents certain dangers, and workers must follow safety precautions. They also must exercise caution when handling hazardous coolants and lubricants, although many common water-based lubricants present little hazard. The job requires stamina, because machinists stand most of the day and, at times, may need to lift moderately heavy workpieces. Modern factories use autoloaders and overhead cranes to reduce heavy lifting. Many machinists work a standard 40-hour week. Evening and weekend shifts are becoming more common, as companies extend hours of operation to make better use of expensive machines. Overtime work is common during peak production periods. There are many different ways to become a skilled machinist. Many entrants previously have worked as machine setters, operators, or tenders. In high school, students should take math courses, especially trigonometry, and, if available, courses in blueprint reading, metalworking, and drafting. After high school, some machinists learn entirely on the job, but most acquire their skills in a mix of classroom and on-the-job training. Machinists should be mechanically inclined, have good problem-solving abilities, be able to work independently, and be able to do highly accurate work (tolerances may reach 50/1,000,000ths of an inch) that requires concentration and physical effort. Training Program Hill Industrial Mechanical Technology Degree summary/ Texas 29,920 37, % $19.28 $40,102 Heart of Texas % $16.57 $34,466 25