VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR THE MEGACITY ISTANBUL WITH REMOTE SENSING

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1 VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR THE MEGACITY ISTANBUL WITH REMOTE SENSING Hannes Taubenböck*, Semiha Caliskan, Achim Roth* *DLR, (DFD) Technical University Munich

2 Contents 1. Introduction and Project overview 2. Methodology 2.1. Object-oriented classification approach 2.2. Allocation of homogeneous zones within urban areas 3. Physical vulnerability indicators 4. Assessment of location factors 5. Conclusion and perspective

3 Introduction Project: Megacities and natural disasters Main research question: What can remote sensing contribute to an assessment of vulnerability in urban areas? Test area: Istanbul, Turkey

4 Vulnerability feature Indicator Variable Natural exposure Earthquake Frequency, magnitude, hypocenter, time Physiscal exposure Demographic exposure Location City Structure, Building type Infrastructure Natural ressources Secondary risks Population development Soil, slope, neighbourhoods Building material, building density, construction year, buidling height, Lifelines (Streets, public transport, Pipelines, communication) Landslides, tsunami, fire, ground liquifaction Natural population growth, migration rate, urbanisation rate Population structure Density structures, % of children, % of senior citizens, women, disabled; Time (Day- and night time distribution) Social exposure Access to local resources Hospitals, fire brigades, shelters per inhabitants Social integration Economic exposure Politics Education Individual financial potential Governmental help potential Political decision structure % of educated Per capita income Price level, emergency organisations

public transport, Pipelines, communication) Landslides, tsunami, fire, ground liquifaction Natural population growth, migration rate, urbanisation rate Population structure Density structures, % of

6 Classification

7 Built-up Shadow Lawn Bushes Roads Water

8 Density classes (Object-oriented approach)

9 Two physical vulnerability indicators

10 Physical vulnerability indicators Building density Road width (accessibility) Open spaces Location (distance to major road) Building alignment Terrain situation Future goal: Building height, socio.economic parameter

(distance to major road) Building alignment Terrain

11 Vulnerability assessment map

12 AC Questionaire: 1. Demographic Information Built-up Population distribution Population structure Shadow Lawn 2. Economic Information Financial situation Car ownership Insurance Bushes Roads Water Allocation of built-up areas High density Dense Low density Open spaces 3. Social Information Education

13 Assessment of location factors Example site in central Üsküdar Thematic classes: built-up areas shadows lawn trees/bushes main roads water

14 3. Assessment of location factors Location factors Densities Population Location For example location in Üsküdar Homogeneous Zone Vegetation rate Built-up rate Central high dense built-up area Inhabitants/km² 5 % 50 % Absolute number of inhabitants in 2.5 km ring 17, ,000 10,000 Day population/km² Distance to centre of Üsküdar Distance to superior road Distance to CBD Istanbul Terrain Open spaces analysis 0 km 2,2 km 5 km Height 58 m 3 % Portion of open spaces in 2.5 km ring Inclination 16 % 60,2 % Proportion from open spaces < 10 % slope Accurracy assessment: Complete Üsküdar population distribution: Inhabitants / km² Highly dense: Inhabitants / km² - low dense: Inhabitants / km² Source: Wikipedia - assessed by RS

5 km ring 17,000 161,000 10,000 Day population/km² Distance to centre of Üsküdar Distance to superior road Distance to CBD Istanbul Terrain Open spaces analysis 0 km 2,2 km 5 km Height 58

15 Conclusion and perspective Conclusion: Remote sensing can provide area-wide, up-to-date information for an assessment of vulnerability Perpective: Derivation of further indicators: 4 Building height 4 Socio-economic parameters 4. Final goal: Area-wide vulnerability map for the test-site Istanbul

Perpective: Derivation of further indicators: 4 Building height 4

How can we defend ourselves from the hazard of Nature in the modern society?

How can we defend ourselves from the hazard of Nature in the modern society?, University of Bologna President of the EGU Division of Natural Hazards Email: [email protected] [email protected] GIFT 2013 Natural