Beginning Maps and Globes

Transcription

1 Beginning Maps and Globes A map is a picture that shows location. Maps are flat. Globes are round. There are different kinds of maps. Use a compass rose to find direction on a map. Use map symbols. Make a simple map of a familiar location. Learning to read information on maps and globes is an important real-life skill. Imagine planning a trip or trying to find a friend s house in a strange city without using map skills. Having a basic geographical understanding of the world adds interest to life as well. News stories from foreign places become more meaningful when you can picture where they are happening. Children can start early to acquire map and globe skills. The skills in this book are presented in a sequential way, beginning with easier concepts and progressing to more difficult ones. If your child experiences difficulty with the harder skills, such as latitude and longitude, put the book aside until a later date. A once-difficult concept may become easy when the child is more mature. Encourage your child s interest in maps and globes by involving him/her when you use a road map or look something up in an atlas. Share maps in fun ways, such as finding where relatives live, or locating the sites mentioned in books, movies, and on television. Inexpensive paperback atlases designed for children can be purchased in most bookstores. Congratulations on your purchase of some of the finest teaching materials in the world. For information about other Evan-Moor products, call or FAX Visit our Web site Check the Product Updates link for supplements, additions, and corrections for this book. Author: Jo Ellen Moore Entire contents 2001 by EVAN-MOOR CORP. 18 Lower Ragsdale Drive, Monterey, CA Permission is hereby granted to the individual purchaser to reproduce student materials in this book for noncommercial individual or classroom use only. Editor: Joy Evans Permission is not granted for schoolwide, Copy Editor: Cathy Harber or systemwide, reproduction of materials. Illustrator: Jo Larsen Printed in U.S.A. EMC 4134

2 Beginning Maps and Globes Maps are made by people to show where places are located. Maps help people find their way from one place to another. In ancient times, people would draw simple maps in dirt or clay to show the way to a water hole or where food could be found. Hundreds of years ago sailors, traders, and explorers made maps. These maps were not always accurate. But the more people explored the earth, the better the maps became. You can learn how to read maps and globes. You can learn how to make maps by Evan-Moor Corp. 1 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

3 Globes This is a globe. A globe is a model of the earth. It is round like the earth. It shows where land and water are located on the earth. A globe gives us a good idea of how the land is shaped and where it is located by Evan-Moor Corp. 2 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

4 Maps Arctic Ocean 3 Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Pacific Ocean 4 Indian Ocean 2 Atlantic Ocean 1 This is a map. A map is a flat picture of the earth. Maps show the land and water areas on the earth. But flat maps do not show the size and placement of land as well as they are shown on a globe. The earth is divided into large land areas. These areas are called continents. There are 7 continents. 1. Antarctica 5. Asia 2. Australia 6. Africa 3. North America 7. Europe 4. South America 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 3 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

5 Using a Globe This globe shows North America and South America. Look at the shapes of the continents. Find the big X. This is Greenland. Compare its size and shape to Greenland on the map on page 5. Color North America orange. Color South America green. Color the water blue. If you live in North America, make a red X on it. If you live in South America, make a blue X on it by Evan-Moor Corp. 4 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

6 Using a Map This map shows North and South America, too. Look at the shapes of the continents. Are they the same as they are on the globe on page 4? Find the big X on Greenland. See how much bigger it looks on a map than on a globe. Color North America orange. Color South America green. Color the water blue by Evan-Moor Corp. 5 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

7 This is a picture of a backyard. Making a Map This is a map of the same backyard. Each thing in the picture is shown by a symbol. A symbol is a simple way of showing a real thing by Evan-Moor Corp. 6 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

8 My Backyard Make a map of your backyard by Evan-Moor Corp. 7 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

9 Parents: Have a real compass for your child to use if possible. Have her/him locate north, south, east, and west in your home and backyard. Directions on a Map North West East South There are four basic directions on a map. These are north, south, east, and west. The directions help you locate places on a map. Some maps have the words north, south, east, and west printed on the sides of the map. A compass rose is used to show the directions on most maps. The compass rose is set on the page so that the N is pointing north by Evan-Moor Corp. 8 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

10 Where Is It? north south east west Write the four directions in the correct places on this map. Write N, S, E, W in the correct places to show north, south, east, and west on this compass rose by Evan-Moor Corp. 9 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

11 Using a Compass Rose Use the compass rose to help you find your way out of the maze on page 11. Start at the X in the center of the maze. Read a clue to see which way to go. Draw a line in that direction until you come to a wall. Keep reading clues until you are out of the maze. 1. Go east as far as you can. 2. Now go south. 3. Turn and go west. 4. Go north. 5. Now go west again. 6. Turn and go north. 7. Go east. 8. Now go north. 9. Go east again. 10. Turn and go south. 11. Go east for the last time. 12. Now go north. Hooray! You made it! 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 10 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

12 Find Your Way Out of the Maze Can you find any other ways to get out of the maze? Start at the X. Follow the arrow by Evan-Moor Corp. 11 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

13 Around the Park Color the pictures on the map on page 13 to answer these questions. 1. What is east of the water fountain? Color it brown. 2. What is west of the slide? Color it red. 3. What is just north of the tetherball? Color it blue. 4. What is south of the picnic table? Color it orange. 5. What is just west of the climbing bars? Color it yellow and brown. 6. Draw yourself north of the sandbox by Evan-Moor Corp. 12 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

14 Park Map North West East South 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 13 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

15 Find the Hidden Treasure Follow these steps on the map on page 15 to find the treasure. Draw a line to show where you go. 1. Start at the cabin. Take water and a snack. 2. Go north until you get to the woods. Rest under a tree if you are tired. 3. Go west until you reach the cave. Sh! Don t wake the bear. 4. Go south until you get to the river. Walk across the log. Don t fall in! 5. Go east. Walk behind the hills. 6. Turn and walk south until you get to three large rocks. 7. Dig under the rock on the west side. Hooray! You found the treasure! 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 14 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

16 Treasure Map 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 15 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

17 Parents: Your child may need to look at a real map or globe to answer the questions. Hemispheres There is an imaginary line that goes around the middle of the earth. It is the equator. The equator divides the earth in half. Each half is called a hemisphere. All the land above the equator is in the Northern Hemisphere. All the land below the equator is in the Southern Hemisphere. equator Do you live in the Northern Hemisphere or in the Southern Hemisphere? Some countries along the equator are in both hemispheres. Where is the country in which you live? My country is in the Northern Hemisphere. My country is in the Southern Hemisphere. My country is in both hemispheres by Evan-Moor Corp. 16 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

18 Lines on a Map and Globe The equator is not the only line on a map or globe. There are other imaginary lines that help people find places. Some of these lines go in the same direction as the equator. These lines are called latitude. They tell how far north or south you are. You count from the zero line. It is the equator. 0 equator 0 Prime Meridian Some of these lines go from the North Pole to the South Pole. These lines are called longitude. They tell how far west and east you are. You count from the zero line. It is called the Prime Meridian by Evan-Moor Corp. 17 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

19 Finding Places on a Map You can use the number on each line of latitude and longitude to find the location of any place on Earth. Start counting at the circle in the middle of the map where the zero lines cross. North West start here Start at the circle in the middle. Go west to 20. Now go north to 20. Did you get to the star? South Find the shapes. 0 East 1. Start at the circle. Go 30 east. Now go 10 north. What shape did you find? 2. Start at the circle. Go 10 east. Now go 20 south. What shape did you find? 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 18 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

20 Using Longitude and Latitude Find the pictures. Color them. red - 10 west and 20 south purple - east 10 and 10 south green - 20 east and 20 north yellow - west 40 and 10 south blue - 40 west and 30 north black - west W E N N 0 start here 0 S S W E 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 19 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

21 Map Legend A map legend shows symbols for information on the map. The legend is usually in a box near the bottom of the map. This legend shows landforms. This legend shows manmade objects. mountains school rivers house lakes church forests railroad grasslands food desert airport 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 20 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

22 Using a Legend Use the legend on this map to help you answer the questions below. road highway railroad house store church school 1. Is the school north or south of the highway? 2. Does the railroad run north-south or does it run east-west? 3. How many churches do you find on this map? 4. Are the stores found east or west of the school? 5. Does the highway run from north to south? 6. Are more houses found north of the highway or south of the highway? 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 21 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

23 Physical Maps There are many kinds of maps. Each kind shows different information. A physical map shows the natural features of the land. Page 23 contains a physical map of an imaginary country called Newlandia. You can find the rivers, lakes, and oceans. You can find the mountains, grasslands, and a desert. If you look closely, you can even find a volcano. Use the map to help you answer these questions: 1. What is the name of the longest river? 2. What is the name of the longest mountain range? 3. What is the name of the volcano? 4. What is the name of the desert? 5. Which river starts at Great Lake? 6. Which rivers end at the ocean? 7. Name the other bodies of water on the map. Ocean Strait of Sea Gulf of Lake 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 22 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

24 A Physical Map of Newlandia Stormy Sea Mount Noisy Strait of Danger Rio Gato Death Valley Newlandia Great Lake Amazing Mountains Mills River Red River Snake River Gulf of Nod Green Ocean mountains rivers lake volcano grasslands desert 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 23 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

25 Political Maps Political maps show the lines that separate one continent, country, or state from another. These lines are called boundaries. A political map also shows the capitals of the countries and states. Page 25 contains a political map of the imaginary country Newlandia. Use the map to help you answer these questions: 1. How many states are there in Newlandia? 2. How many of these are island states? 3. Circle the symbol for a state capital. 4. Draw the kind of line that shows a boundary. 5. What is the name of the capital of the country Newlandia? 6. Which states touch Great Lake? 7. On which island is the capital city Tapa? 8. Which of these cities is the capital city of Bismark? Bayview San Martin 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 24 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

26 A Political Map of Newlandia Stormy Sea Woodlands Cascade Columbia Willow Grove Hilltop Copperville Newlandia Rushmore Silver City Strait of Danger Great Lake Seaside Portland Treasure Island Little Island Tapa Gulf of Nod Bayview Bismark San Martin Fort Smith Dayton Green Ocean Newlandia Political Map Capital of Country State Capitals Other Cities_ Boundaries. _._ Rivers 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 25 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

27 North America Page 27 contains a political map of the continent of North America. It shows the countries that are a part of the continent. Use this map to help you answer these questions. 1. Which country is north of the United States? 2. Which country is south of the United States? 3. How many countries in North America share a border with Mexico? Circle these borders on your map. 4. In which direction do you go to get from the island of Cuba to Mexico? 5. Which country has more land - Canada or Mexico? 6. In which direction do you go to get from Mexico to Canada? 7. Make an X on the Pacific Ocean. Is it on the east side or the west side of North America? 8. Match these countries to their capital cities. Mexico United States Canada Ottawa Mexico City Washington, D.C by Evan-Moor Corp. 26 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

28 North America Alaska (U.S.) Greenland Pacific Ocean Canada Ottawa United States Washington, D.C. Atlantic Ocean Mexico Cuba Mexico City Guatemala El Salvador Costa Rica Belize Honduras Nicaragua Panama 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 27 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

29 The Seven Continents A Puzzle Paste puzzle pieces here to make a map by Evan-Moor Corp. 28 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

30 Cut out the puzzle pieces. Paste the pieces in place on page 28 to show a map of the seven continents. Africa Australia North America Antarctica Asia South America Europe 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 29 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

31 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 30 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

32 The Seven Continents Write the name of each continent: Use the map on page 28. Follow these directions: 1. Start at South America. 2. Draw a line east from South America to Africa. 3. Draw a line from Africa to North America. 4. Draw a line from North America to Europe. 5. Draw a line east from Europe to Asia. 6. Draw a line from Asia to Australia. 7. Now draw a line from Australia to Antarctica. Hooray! You have visited all seven continents! 2001 by Evan-Moor Corp. 31 Beginning Maps and Globes EMC 4134

33 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 Answer Key Please take time to go over the work your child has completed. Ask your child to explain what he/she has done. Praise both success and effort. If mistakes have been made, explain what the answer should have been and how to find it. Let your child know that mistakes are a part of learning. The time you spend with your child helps let him/her know you feel learning is important. page 4 page 5 page 7 My Backyard blue orange X blue green X orange blue green Make a map of your backyard. Maps will vary. blue Using a Globe This globe shows North America and South America. Look at the shapes of the continents. Find the big X. This is Greenland. Compare its size and shape to Greenland on the map on page 5. Color North America orange. Color South America green. Color the water blue. If you live in North America make a red X on it. If you live in South America make a blue X on it. Using a Map This map shows North and South America too. Look at the shapes of the continents. Are they the same as they are on the globe on page 4? Find the big X on Greenland. See how much bigger it looks on a map than on a globe. Color North America orange. Color South America green. Color the water blue. 4 page 9 page 11 page Where Is It? north south east west Find Your Way Out of the Maze Can you find any other ways to get out of the maze? Start at the X. Follow the arrow. Park Map North Write the four directions in the correct places on this map. north red west east West Pictures will vary. blue brown East south Write N, S, E, W in the correct places to show north, south, east, and west on this compass rose. W N S E yellow and brown South orange page 15 page 16 page 18 Parents: Your child may need to look at a real map or globe to answer the questions. Treasure Map Hemispheres There is an imaginary line that goes around the middle of the Earth. It is the Equator. The Equator divides Earth in half. Each half is called a hemisphere. All the land above the Equator is in the northern hemisphere. All the land below the Equator is in the southern hemisphere. Finding Places on a Map You can use the number on each Start at the circle in the middle. line of latitude and longitude to find Go west to 20. the location of any place on Earth. Now go north to 20. Start counting at the circle in the Did you get to the star? middle of the map where the zero lines cross. North equator 10 West start here 10 0 East Do you live in the northern hemisphere or in the southern hemisphere? Some countries along the equator are in both hemispheres. Where is the country in which you live? Answers will vary South Find the shapes. 1. Start at the circle. Go 30 east. 2. Start at the circle. Go 10 east. Now go 10 north. Now go 20 south. What shape did you find? What shape did you find? My country is in the northern hemisphere. My country is in the southern hemisphere. My country is in both hemispheres

34 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 EMC 4134 page 19 page 21 page 22 Using Longitude and Latitude Find the pictures. Color them. red - 10 west and 20 south purple - east 10 and 10 south green - 20 east and 20 north yellow - west 40 and 10 south blue - 40 west and 30 north black - west 30 Using a Legend Use the legend on this map to help you answer the questions below. Physical Maps There are many kinds of maps. Each kind shows different information. A physical map shows the natural features of the land. Page 23 contains a physical map of an imaginary country called Newlandia. You can find the rivers, lakes, and oceans. You can find the mountains, grasslands, and a desert. If you look closely you can even find a volcano. W E N 10 S blue black yellow red start here green purple 10 S W E N road house highway store railroad 1. Is the school north or south of the highway? 2. Does the railroad run north-south or does it run east-west? 3. How many churches do you find on this map? 4. Are the stores found east or west of the school? 5. Does the highway run from north to south? church school north east-west one west no 6. Are more houses found north of the highway or south of the highway? south Use the map to help you answer these questions: 1. What is the name of the longest river? 2. What is the name of the longest mountain range? 3. What is the name of the volcano? 4. What is the name of the desert? 5. Which river starts at Great Lake? 6. Which rivers end at the ocean? 7. Name the other bodies of water on the map. Green Stormy Great Ocean Sea Lake Snake River Amazing Strait of Gulf of Mountains Mount Noisy Death Valley Mills River Snake River Rio Gato Danger Nod page 24 page 26 page 27 Political Maps Political maps show the lines that separate one continent, country, or state from another. These lines are called boundaries. A political map also shows the capitals of the countries and states. Page 25 contains a political map of the imaginary country Newlandia. Use the map to help you answer these questions: 1. How many states are there in Newlandia? 2. How many of these are island states? 3. Circle the symbol for a state capital. 4. Draw the kind of line that shows a boundary. 5. What is the name of the capital of the country Newlandia? Rushmore, Portland, Columbia Little Island 6. Which states touch Great Lake? 7. On which island is the capital city Tapa? 8. Which of these cities is the capital city of Bismark? Bayview San Martin Woodlands North America Page 27 contains a political map of the continent of North America. It shows the countries that are a part of the continent. Use this map to help you answer these questions. 1. Which country is north of the United States? 2. Which country is south of the United States? 3. How many countries in North America share a border with Mexico? Circle these borders on your map. 4. Which direction do you go to get from the island of Cuba to Mexico? 5. Which country has more land - Canada or Mexico? 6. Which direction do you go to get from Mexico to Canada? 7. Put an X on the Pacific Ocean. Is it on the east side or the west side of North America? 8. Match these countries to their capital cities. Mexico Ottawa United States Mexico City Canada Washington, D.C. Canada Mexico 3 west Canada north west Pacific Ocean Alaska (U.S.) North America Canada Mexico United States Greenland Ottawa Washington, D. C. Atlantic Ocean Cuba Mexico City Belize Honduras Guatemala Nicaragua El Salvador Costa Rica Panama page 28 page 31 Cut out the puzzle pieces. Paste the pieces in place on page 28 and show a map of the seven continents. The Seven Continents Antarctica Antarctica South South America America Africa Africa North North America America Europe Asia Write the name of each continent: 1. Antarctica 2. Australia 3. North America 4. South America 5. Asia 6. Africa 7. Europe Use the map on page 28. Follow these directions: 1. Start at South America. 2. Draw a line east from South America to Africa. 3. Draw a line from Africa to North America. 4. Draw a line from North America to Europe. Asia 5. Draw a line east from Europe to Asia. Australia 6. Draw a line from Asia to Australia. 7. Now draw a line from Australia to Antarctica. Hurray! You have visited all seven continents! 29 31