Remote sensing for habitat mapping and monitoring:

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1 Remote sensing for habitat mapping and monitoring: experiences from the EU projects SPIN & GEOLAND and other applications Michael Bock Brussels 24 October 2008 Folie 1 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

2 Content Overview and examples from SPIN project Overview and examples from the geoland ONP Some conclusions Folie 2 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

3 SPIN: Spatial Indicators for Nature Conservation Project period March 2001 March 2004 Funded Partners Objectives 5. EC RTD Framework Programme, Energy, Envrionment and Sustainable Development 11 Partners from 7 EU Countries 1 Candiate New Member State, 8 Test Areas in 5 Biogegraphic Regions Development and testing of a coherent spatial indicator system based on multi-sensor satellite data and GIS to accomplish monitoring and management tasks in the context of NATURA2000. Folie 3 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

4 GEOLAND: Observatory for Nature Protection Project period Jan 2004 Dez 2006 Funded Partners 6. EC RTD Framework Programme, Energy, Envrionment and Sustainable Development Geoland: ~ 60 Partners ONP: 7 Partners from 4 EU Countries Objectives The Geoland Observatory NatureProtection (ONP) aimed to establish a portfolio of spatial information products,founded on remotely-sensed data,which serve local and regional public-sector users in applying and monitoringpolicies and directives for nature conservation and the protection of biodiversity. Folie 4 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

5 GEOLAND: overall structure geoland Coodinator: Infoterra GmbH Coordination Operational Scenario Core Services Regional Monitoring Generic Land Cover Global Monitoring Bio-geophysical Parametres Observatories Nature Spatial Water & Protection Planning Soil Habitat Water Frame- Directive ESPON work Directive Wetlands Soil Protection Initiative Natural Carbon Fluxes Global Change (Kyoto) Food Land Security Cover & & Crop Forest Monitoring Change Sustainable Global Development Change Fight against (Kyoto) Poverty Global Environment Protection End Users Directives Implementation Policy Support Spring 2005 ITD0350 geoland, ONP User Workshops geoland Consortium 14 Folie 5 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

6 geoland ONP Approach geoland approach User needs at local/regional level well understood European-level perspective requires more clarification Wider areas and higher spatial resolution, more integration with airborne methods Operational focus, consistent data and methods, product automation where possible Product Portfolio/Services ONP-F1: Alpine Monitoring ONP-F2: Protection Forests ONP-F3: Wetlands ONP-F4: Generic tools for Habitats and Biotopes ONP-F5: Mountains ONP-F6: Ecological Transition Zones ( Ecotones ) Spring 2005 ITD0350 geoland, ONP User Workshops geoland Consortium 18 Folie 6 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

7 Regional User needs environmental agency Schleswig-Holstein (LANU) Application Name 1 Application Name 2 Application Name 3 Application Name 4 Application Name 5 Application Name 6 Application Name 7 regional landscape planning Biotope and landuse register BNTK Support of monitoring of Biotopes protected by law Support of monitoring of NATURA Biotopes Support of monitoring in connection with in Water Framework Areas Support of monitoring in connection with cross compliance (registration of landscape elements) Support of monitoring in connection with INVEKOS Key operational time scales & future milestones 10 years 5 years annual 6 years?? years annual 5 years Spatial resolution Min. 1: : : : : : :10000 Spatial resolution Opt. 1: :5000 1: :5000 1: :5000 1: :5000 1: :5000 1: :5000 MMU 0,5-1ha 0,5-1ha 0,5 ha 1 ha 0,3 ha Spectral (and/or frequency) specifications RGB, NIR, Pan RGB, NIR, Pan RGB, NIR, Pan RGB, NIR, Pan RGB, NIR, Pan RGB, NIR, Pan RGB, NIR, Pan Timeliness 01.V.-30.VI. 01.IX.-30.III. 01.V.-30.VI. 01.V.-30.VI. 01.IX.-30.III. DOP: 01.V.- 30.VI. SAT: V, VI, VII Thematic accuracy Very high >90 % Very high >90 % Very high >90 % Very high >90 % Very high >90 % Very high >90 % Very high >90 % Area of Coverage Schleswig- Holstein Schleswig- Holstein Schleswig- Holstein Schleswig- Holstein Schleswig- Holstein Schleswig- Holstein Schleswig- Holstein Delivery requirements Formats & Content DOP, DSM: TIFF, ECW, Shp DHM: ASCII DOP, DSM: TIFF, ECW, Shp DHM: ASCII DOP, DSM: TIFF, ECW, Shp DHM: ASCII DOP, DSM: TIFF, ECW, Shp DHM: ASCII DOP, DSM: TIFF, ECW, Shp DHM: ASCII DOP, DSM: TIFF, ECW, Shp DHM: ASCII DOP, DSM: TIFF, ECW, Shp DHM: ASCII Other Geospatial data ATKIS 25, 200, ALK, TK25, TK50 BNTK, DSM, DHM, ATKIS, ALK, DGK DSM, DHM, ATKIS, ALK, DGK DSM, DHM, ATKIS, ALK, DGK DSM, DHM, ATKIS, ALK, DGK DSM, DHM, ATKIS, ALK, DGK DSM, DHM, ATKIS, ALK, DGK Topographic base map ATKIS 25 BNTK ALK DGK 1:5000 ALK in future DGK 1:5000 ALK in future ALK ALK Folie 7 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

8 Monitoring Natura 2000 habitats at the Eiderstedt peninsula, Germany Folie 8 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

9 Monitoring Natura 2000 habitats at the Eiderstedt peninsula, Germany Folie 9 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

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13 Rule network Spektral Signatures Temporal Signatures Pre-Classification Definition of final classes Folie 13 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

14 Processing Steps Statistical analyse of signature Natura 2000 Lebensraumtypen spectral und temporal Results: Hohe Variability within same LRT s Statistical semi-automatic selection Of reference objects improved field mappings are necessary phenological profile BUT: Results are not encouraging Folie 14 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

15 Feb Moorheiden, Torfstiche Apr Jun Niedermoor, Feuchtgrünland Aug Pfeifengras, Gagelverbusch. Folie 15 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

16 Legend ETS_Subset_test2 Class Ackerland (Grünland_Umbruch) Ackerland_Sommer Ackerland_Spätsommer GF, RHM, NR 1(nährstoffreicher) GF, RHM, NS 2 (nährstoffärmer) Grünland_Mahd_August Grünland_Mahd_Juni Grünland_Mand_Juni_August Grünland, Winterbrache Grünland_extensiv Grünland_keine Mahd erkennbar Grünland_sonstiges Laubwald, Gehölze MSM/MSE/MSZ(NS MSM/WBg MSz Nadelwald Niedermoor(NS)/Nassgrünland(GN) Sand-Kiesflächen Siedlung gemischt Wasser Folie 16 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

17 HABID: A remote sensing Habitat Interpretation database The overall objective of HABID is the retrieval and exchange of information to advise remote sensing experts and service providers Folie 17 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

18 Motivation: Which nomenclature to use? On European scale no common habitat classification key fully suited to remote sensing of habitats exists Which sensor to use? which sensor is suited for a specfic habitat mapping task what is the minimum mapping for a habitat by a sensor which time of the year is feasible or are multi-seasonal data are necessary Which interpretation guidelines to use? Besides CLC no Interpretation guidelines available that are focus on remote sensing of habitats Folie 18 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

19 Mapping scales Folie 19 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

20 Seasonal variation Folie 20 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

21 Spatial variation Folie 21 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

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23 HABID: Retrieval of results Folie 23 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

24 HABID: Compare image examples by sensors Folie 24 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

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28 Mapping ALL sites, or a sampling approach? Natura 2000 sites Some are very small and species-specific Others are national park in size Different scales Complex geographic distribution Different conservation problems Subsidiarity responsibility to monitor them difficult to achieve harmonised objective approaches to mapping and monitoring (even field mapping) Folie 28 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

29 Some Conclusions Remote sensing already IS a reliable supplementary - data source for monitoring of habitats IF the limits and constraints are considered Requested level of detail by the users needs advanced information sources: multitemporal, hyperspectral SAR and optical sensor combinations Reliable in-situ data for calibration of RS-based techniques are necessary A better knowledge exchange between researchers / providers / users Monitoring habitats outside Natura 2000? RS-techniques will only go operational if a tight integration with the countries geo base data and existing mappings is achieved. Cadastral and environmental spatial data supply, storage and distribution needs to be harmonized (Airborne, Satellite, Field mapping) Folie 29 > Vortrag > Michael Bock

30 THANK YOU Folie 30 > Vortrag > Michael Bock