Applied Optics and Optical Materials at the Colorado School of Mines

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1 Applied Optics and Optical Materials at the Colorado School of Mines CPIA Annual Meeting 14 November 2007 Charles Durfee

2 Engineering Physics program Applied Optics and Optical Materials Colorado School of Mines Engineering Physics undergraduate degree nationally recognized program: ~65 graduates in physics/yr (4th in US!) solid engineering background: ABET accredited (one of 12 in US) Coursework: all majors: electronics Field session (lab training) sr-level optical physics electives: Laser physics Fourier Optics Optical Design Nonlinear Optics Graduate programs 5 year BS/MS degree programs: physics,ee,me, materials, applied math PhD programs: research in Optics, Nuclear, Cond. Matter

3 Ultrafast Optics Physics Department Colorado School of Mines Laser development: high-average power TW laser spectral shaping optics Fourier-domain pulse shaping Adaptive optics Grism designs for phase control High-intensity interactions: hard x-ray generation: micron imaging, ultrafast x-ray diffraction beam filamentation and nonlinear propagation frequency mixing for ultrafast UV generation micromaching Spatial/Spectral interferometry Phase [rad] Spatial dimension [mm] Pump-probe delay [ms] Contact: Chip Durfee, Jeff Squier

4 Squier: multiphoton microscopy Physics Department Colorado School of Mines Multiphoton scanning microscope for simultaneous imaging of multiple depths PMT Different divergence Time separation= laser rep. rate/2 P. S. Tsai, et al., Neuron, Vol. 39, 27-41, (2003) Depth 1 Depth 2 SMARTI Microscope Microintegrated Optics for Advanced Bioimaging and Control

5 depth: d 1 SMARTI Demonstration Sample: 2μm fluorescent beads suspended in agarose Non-simultaneous images depth: d 1 +8μm Simultaneous SMARTI images

6 Optical control in microfluidics Physics / ChemEng Department Colorado School of Mines Collaboration between MetaFluidics and CSM faculty (Marr, Squier) developed a powerful new platform for research and clinical diagnostics that will have a revolutionary impact on the next generation of biomedicine. MetaFluidics Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) platform puts optical cell sorting in the palm of your hand. Interrogate and sort cells, using unconventional optics, laser diodes, LEDs and sensors Integrated platform appropriate for applications from laboratory research to point-of-care diagnostics. The core of MetaFluidics integrated FACS platform is a waveguiding block fabricated by ultrafast laser micromachining. Analogous to an optical processor, the waveguiding core guides both interrogation and trapping radiation directly to the microchannel allowing precision control and nearly indefinite multiplexing. Contact: David Marr, Jeff Squier

7 Scales group Physics Department Colorado School of Mines Laser ultrasonics for wave propagation in random media aluminum granite quasi-optics with a millimeter wave vector network analyzer GHz Other areas: near-field microscopy with THz/mm waves Contact: John Scales

8 Center for Solar and Electronic Materials Physics / ChemEng Department Colorado School of Mines Fabrication and processing Photovoltaics: growth and characterization Transparent conducting oxides Polycrystalline semiconductors, magneto-optics PVD, CVD photolithography Sputtering thin-film deposition system Characterization Microscopy: NSOM, AFM, TEM low-temperature photoluminescence time-resolved optical studies temperature-dependent Hall effect C-V, I-V, photoresponse surface characterization: scanning Auger, XPS Spectroscopic ellipsometry: UV, vis, mid-ir spectrophotometer SMART WINDOWS Reversible transmission modulation tungsten oxide coated film before and after ion intercalation Contact: Collins

9 Furtak group: surface optical spectroscopy Physics Department Colorado School of Mines Parallel-Detecting Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Raw Spectra CIGS Band Edge Wavelength Contact: Tom Furtak

10 Taylor: semiconductor research group Physics Department Colorado School of Mines Photothermal Deflection Spectroscopy of Nano- Crystalline Silicon Films Research in collaboration with MVSystems, Inc., Golden, CO Curves (d) through (a) show the increase in the optical absorption below the optical energy gap with n-type doping. Films are 1 μm thick. Oscillations are an interference effect due to sample thickness. Nano-crystalline silicon films are of potential use in solar panels and thinfilm transistor arrays for flat panel displays. Contact: Craig Taylor

11 Plasmonic optical elements Physics Department Colorado School of Mines Surface plasmon devices silicon waveguide plasmon modulators (w/itn) resonant nanosensors NSOM evanescent wave sensing sub-wavelength aperture transmission Experimental confirmation of predicted ultra-long range surface plasmon mode in a visible-wavelength MOS analog Conventional SP Reflectance Shift of minimum to left confirms expulsion of mode from metal narrowing of peak confirms increase in propagation length ULRSP Contacts: Collins, Durfee, Furtak

12 Wienke: Auger observatory Physics Department Colorado School of Mines Pierre Auger observatory measure particle shower and optical emission from high-energy cosmic rays (>10 20 ev) use high-power UV laser to simulate optical signature new facility anticipated for SE Colorado Beam steering mechanism Central UV Laser Facility: Argentina Contact: Lawrence Wienke See

13 Dreyer group Engineering Division Colorado School of Mines Instrument Development for Space Exploration Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Broadband and high resolution spectral detection Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy NIR and Mid-IR, time-frequency response modeling Combustion Diagnostics Laser Induced Fluorescence Absorption Spectroscopy Raman Spectroscopy LIBS low pressure chamber, emission collection optics and laser delivery Contact: Chris Dreyer

14 Faculty Contacts Applied Optics and Optical Materials Colorado School of Mines Lasers/ultrafast: Charles Durfee Frank Kowalski John Scales Jeff Squier Materials: Matt Young Lawrence Wienke Reuben Collins Tom Furtak Craig Taylor Combustion: Chem/ChemE: Terry Parker Chris Dreyer David Marr Paul Jagodzinski Colin Wolden