Fusion: Integrated Reading and Writing, Book 1. Ch Pronoun. Fusion, Integrated Reading and Writing, Book 1

Transcription

1 Fusion: Integrated Reading and Writing, Book 1 Ch Pronoun

2 Activity Identify the pronouns in the following sentences. There may be more than one pronoun in each sentence. 1. Jalen downloaded the cell phone application by himself. 2. The application was easy to use; he played with it immediately. 3. Jalen recommended the application to his friends; he wanted them to enjoy it too.

3 Activity Identify the pronouns in the following sentences. There may be more than one pronoun in each sentence. 1. Jalen downloaded the cell phone application by himself. 2. The application was easy to use; he played with it immediately. 3. Jalen recommended the application to his friends; he wanted them to enjoy it too.

4 Learning Outcomes for the Chapter 1. Understand personal pronouns. 2. Create pronoun-antecedent agreement. 3. Correct other pronoun problems. 4. Create agreement with indefinite pronouns. 5. Use relative pronouns. 6. Use other pronouns. 7. Use pronouns correctly in a real-world context.

5 Personal Pronouns Pronoun - a word that takes the place of a noun or other pronoun Personal pronoun - a pronoun that indicates whether the person is speaking, is spoken to, or is spoken about Singular First (speaking) I (Nom.) me (Obj.) my/mine (Poss.) Second (spoken to) you (Nom.) you (Obj.) your/yours (Poss.) Plural we (Nom.) us (Obj.) our/ours (Poss.) you (Nom.) you (Obj.) your/yours (Poss.)

6 Personal Pronouns

7 Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement Antecedent - the word that a pronoun refers to or replaces Pronoun-antecedent agreement - matching a pronoun to its antecedent in terms of person, number, and gender Agreement in person (first, second, or third person) Judy may study hard every day, but others may take their education less seriously. (INCORRECT) Judy may study hard every day, but others may take his or her educations less seriously.

8 Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement Agreement in Number (singular or plural) Every president has their own staff. (INCORRECT) Every president has his or her own staff. Agreement in Gender (masculine, feminine, or neuter) Joan runs on his neighborhood s trail. (INCORRECT) Joan runs on her neighborhood s trail.

9 Other Pronoun Problems Vague Pronoun Cy is upset by his essay grade and his friend Joe is upset too; he s going to talk to the professor. (UNCLEAR) Cy is upset by his essay grade and his friend Joe is upset too; Cy is going to talk to the professor. Missing Antecedent They suggest that running daily can cause stress fractures. (UNCLEAR) Dr. Synocort suggests that running daily can cause stress fractures.

10 Other Pronoun Problems Double Subject - error created by following a subject with a pronoun Alexis and Ulysses, they are brothers. (NONSTANDARD) Alexis and Ulysses are brothers. Usage Errors (They re, You re, It s) Its going to be a rainy day; let s avoid the rain over they re. (INCORRECT) It s going to be a rainy day; let s avoid the rain over there.

11 Indefinite Pronouns Indefinite pronoun - a pronoun that does not refer to a specific person, place, thing, or idea Singular Indefinite Pronouns Each Anyone Either No one Plural Indefinite Pronouns Both Few Several Many

12 Relative Pronouns

13 Relative Pronouns That and Which When that introduces the clause, the clause is not set off with commas. When which introduces the clause, the clause is set off with commas. I have insomnia and that television doesn t help my sleeplessness. I have insomnia and the television, which lights up the room, doesn t help my sleeplessness. Whose - shows ownership or connection The banker, whose job was in jeopardy, started working longer hours.

14 Other Pronoun Types Interrogative pronoun - asks a question who, whose, whom, which, what. Which piece of pizza is mine? Who wants to eat the anchovies? Demonstrative pronoun - points to a specific thing this, that, these, those. Although I love to walk my dogs, those dogs wear me out! Reflexive pronoun - reflects back to the subject of a sentence or clause myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves. I drove across state lines by myself. You should drive yourself as well.

15 Other Pronoun Types Intensive pronoun - emphasizes the noun or pronoun it refers to myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves. I myself made a good decision today. Reciprocal pronoun - refers to two things in an equal way each other, one another. While the cats sometimes scratch each other during the day, they cuddle with one another at night.

16 Activity Develop a clear antecedent for each of the red words in the sentences below. 1. Cheryl and Blake opened the door and there it was. 2. It looked scarred and scuffed, like it had been thrown around. 3. Unsure what to do, they brought it into the house. 4. Then, they opened it up and they were speechless.

17 Activity Develop a clear antecedent for each of the red words in the sentences below. 1. Cheryl and Blake opened the door and there the package was. 2. The package looked scarred and scuffed, like the package had been thrown around. 3. Unsure what to do, Cheryl and Blake brought the package into the house. 4. Then, Cheryl and Blake opened the package up up and Cheryl and Blake were speechless.

18