WHO 2 ELEMENTARY GROUP

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1 SFL/METU October 2016 Dept. of B.E. WHO 2 ELEMENTARY GROUP (Instructor s Copy) OBJECTIVES: 1. combine two or more simple sentences using and, but, or and so with correct punctuation and capitalization 2. use and, but, or and so to combine parallel structures with correct punctuation and capitalization 3. write about your first day at DBE in 4-5 complete sentences 4. edit other s sentences to correct mistakes. COMBINING SIMPLE SENTENCES I To keep your readers interested and to make your writing better, you need to create some variety in your sentences. Sentence variety comes largely from joining sentences clearly, logically, and correctly. You can combine two simple sentences (independent clauses) by using a comma and a linking word and, but, or, so. In WHO 1, you studied how these linking words connect parallel structures such as nouns, adjectives, and verbs. These linking words can also join two or more sentences. independent clause, and / but / or / so independent clause These linking words add a different meaning to a sentence, so they show different relationships between the ideas. TASK 1. Study the example sentences in the box and find the meaning that each linking word adds to a sentence. Write it in the blanks provided. reason/result alternative/choice addition contrasting/opposite idea AND BUT OR SO MEANING addition contrasting/opposite idea alternative/choice reason/result EXAMPLES I went shopping, and I bought souvenirs of my trip. My roommate is an art student, and she plays different instruments. I bought a lot of things, but I didn t spend a lot of money. She likes classical music, but she doesn t like rock. I could spend the weekend at home, or I could visit my family. Every Friday night, she goes to a classical concert, or she visits an art gallery. My family liked their gifts, so I got very happy. They both like jazz music, so they go to concerts together. 1

2 Do NOT use a comma to join two words or two phrases in a simple sentence. Use a comma when you combine sentences with and, but, or. Joining two words or two phrases (without a COMMA) The old man was a generous and helpful person. I was very happy but tired. I will talk to my friend or my teacher. Joining two simple sentences (with a COMMA) The old man was a generous person, and he liked to help others. I was very tired, but I agreed to go out with them. I will talk to my friend, or I will get advice from my teacher. TASK 2. Read the sentences and underline the correct linker. 1. It was a beautiful place, (and / or) I was happy there. 2. I liked the movie, (so / but) I didn t understand all of it. 3. First, I cleaned the kitchen, (and / so) then I cleaned the bathroom. 4. It rained all day, (so / or) the kids didn t play basketball outside. 5. You can stay at home, (or / but) you can go out with your friends. 6. Jane didn t study for the test, (so / but) she got a good grade. 7. The shoes didn t fit right, (so / but) I didn t buy them. 8. After graduation, I am planning to get a job here, (so / or) I will go to my hometown. 9. At the party, the music was great, (and / but) there was free food. 10. I was very tired yesterday, (but / so) I went to bed early. TASK 3. Complete the sentences with an appropriate conjunction. Do not forget to use the necessary punctuation marks. 1. I didn t have an umbrella,_so I got wet. 2. My friend tells me lies_, but _ I still like her. 3. The applicants should take an oral exam _, and_ they should also sit a written exam. 4. You can study for the exam at home_, or we can go to the library together. 5. They offered her a good salary _, so_ she accepted the job. 6. Monique wants to become a tourist guide_, so _ she is learning English and Spanish. 7. Dr. Jones was sick yesterday _, but_ he went to school and taught his class. 8. The phone rang late last night, and_ the baby woke up. 9. The students can ask their questions to the teacher _, or_ they can get help from their friends. 10. The test was long _, but_ I finished it in just half an hour. 2

TASK 4. Match the following sentence halves to make meaningful sentences. _b_ 1. Every evening, it was very hot a., and our father put them in a jar. _d_ 2. We played games b.

3 TASK 4. Match the following sentence halves to make meaningful sentences. _b_ 1. Every evening, it was very hot a., and our father put them in a jar. _d_ 2. We played games b., so we had difficulty sleeping. _a_ 3. We caught fireflies c., but they loved fireflies. _c_ 4. My sisters were afraid of bugs d., or we just sat on the grass and told stories. Connecting More Than Two Sentences When more than two sentences are combined, it may be necessary to make changes in the sentences so that they will read more smoothly. For example, the following sentences need to be connected: Example: * My parents wanted me to have the experience of studying in a foreign country. My parents wanted me to have the experience of learning another language. My parents do not want me to remain in a foreign country too long. The sentences above could be combined into one sentence: My parents wanted me to have the experience of studying in a foreign country and learning another language, but they do not want me to remain in a foreign country too long. TASK 5. Combine the following groups of sentences into one sentence. Make changes when necessary. Be careful to use correct punctuation. 1. This semester, I like my classmates. This semester, I like the teachers. The teachers are very strict. The teachers give a lot of homework. This semester, I like my classmates and the teachers, but the teachers are very strict, and they give a lot of homework. 2. We finished a review of the tenses. I m still having a little trouble with the tenses. I need to get some help from my teacher. We finished a review of the tenses, but I m still having a little trouble with the tenses, so I need to get some help from my teacher. 3. You need a quiet place to study. You can go to the university library. You can go to the self-access center. You need a quiet place to study, so you can go to the university library or the self-access center. 3

TASK 6. Complete the sentences with your own words. (Answers may vary.) 1. You can visit Ankara Castle today, or 2. Ankara is a big city, but 3. METU has a big campus, so 4.

4 TASK 6. Complete the sentences with your own words. (Answers may vary.) 1. You can visit Ankara Castle today, or 2. Ankara is a big city, but 3. METU has a big campus, so 4. Students at METU learn a foreign language, and TASK 7. Read the following text about Mary, and answer the following questions according to the text. Once in my life, I spent a whole day shopping with my friends. It was in Bangkok at the Chatuchak Weekend Market. It is the best market in Thailand. 1) It is a huge place. There are many shops there. That day, my friends and I bought many things for ourselves and our families. 2) The prices were good. I bought a lot of things. The market also has many great places to eat and we wanted to try all of them, so we had a lot of delicious Thai food. 3) We were tired at the end. We had a great time. I hope I can go there again soon. 1. Where did she go for shopping? (She went to) Chatuchak Weekend Market (in Bangkok). 2. Who did she go there with? With her friends. 3. Why did they have a lot of delicious Thai food? Because the market has many great places to eat and they wanted to try all of them. Now, choose the correct coordinating conjunction and rewrite the underlined sentences in the blanks provided. Pay attention to punctuation. 1. (and / but) It is a huge place, and there are many shops there. 2. (but / so) The prices were good, so I bought a lot of things. 3. (so / but) We were tired at the end, but we had a great time. TASK 8. Fill in the blanks with AND, OR, BUT, SO. Use each only ONCE. Last Monday, Harry had a terrible day. It was his first day at work. He did not remember to set his alarm, (1) so he got up late. He did not have time for breakfast. He bought coffee on the way to work (2) but spilled it on his clothes. At work, he wrote reports all morning. At noon, his boss came in, (3) and she started shouting. You didn t do a good job on this report! Harry felt bad about his boss s feedback. He didn t take a break at all, (4) or he didn t go out to lunch with his friends. Instead, he stayed in his office and worked all day. On the way home, he got stuck in traffic for hours. When he got home, he was really tired. He immediately went to bed and wanted to forget the whole day. 4

My first day at DBE was exciting / busy / interesting / tiring / typical TASK 10. Do peer editing. Sit with a partner and exchange papers. Give each other feedback. Follow the steps below. 1. Read all of your partner s sentences.

5 TASK 9. Now, you write about your first day at DBE. Use and, or, but, so. Think about what information you want to give in your paragraph. You can write about: the teacher the friends the campus the lesson the canteen the weather You may start your paragraph by choosing (an) adjective(s) in the following sentence. My first day at DBE was exciting / busy / interesting / tiring / typical TASK 10. Do peer editing. Sit with a partner and exchange papers. Give each other feedback. Follow the steps below. 1. Read all of your partner s sentences. PEER EDITING 2. Underline any part that you do not understand. Ask your partner to explain it. 3. Ask questions to get more information about your partner. 4. Use the list below to check your partner s paper. Mark any problems on the paper. Check ( ) each item in the list as you finish. subject + verb in each sentence correct capitalization correct and proper use of and, but, or, so 5. Return your partner s paper. a period after every statement a question mark after a question 6. Look at your own paper. If you do not agree with the feedback on it, ask another student or your teacher. References: Hogue, L. (2008). First Steps in Academic Writing. Pearson Education, Inc: NY. Butler, L. (2007). Fundamentals of Academic Writing. Pearson Education, Inc: NY. Butler, L. (2014). Longman Academic Writing Series. Pearson Education, Inc: NY. Pollock, C.W. (1982). Communicate What You Mean. Prentice Hall Regents: New Jersey. 5

Chapter. The Weekend

Chapter. The Weekend Chapter 3 The Weekend T he weekend begins on Friday night and ends on Sunday night. Our weekend lives are usually different from our weekday lives. We may relax and have fun. We may also work at weekend