Instrumentation Overview of Talk Rationale Cosmic ray soil moisture sensor characteristics Other measurements How we retrieve soil moisture from neutr

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Instrumentation Overview of Talk Rationale Cosmic ray soil moisture sensor characteristics Other measurements How we retrieve soil moisture from neutr"

Transcription

1 Cockle Park Instrumentation Jonathan Evans COSMOS-UK Science Exploitation Workshop 1 February, 2016

2 Instrumentation Overview of Talk Rationale Cosmic ray soil moisture sensor characteristics Other measurements How we retrieve soil moisture from neutron counts Soil sampling & calibration Example field scale soil moisture compared to models and satellite data Summary

3 Introduction to COSMOS-UK Aim: To establish a UK soil moisture monitoring network using cosmic-ray soil moisture sensors (CRS) Why now: 1) The CRS gives one integrated measurement of soil moisture with a footprint of around 400m diameter, averaging out soil moisture heterogeneity. 2) Enables the deployment of a low-maintenance near real-time network of soil moisture measurements with many applications.

4 Applications for COSMOS-UK Data Process understanding Weather prediction Soil Moisture Hydrological modelling Groundwater recharge Prediction of crop yield Irrigation scheduling Climate studies Input to land-atmosphere models Greenhouse gas controls

5 Why is Soil Moisture Important in Hydrology? Because: Soil Moisture (SM) controls hydrological processes: - Runoff and flood risk - Infiltration & water storage - Recharge of groundwater - Soil-water evaporation - Plant evapotranspiration Availability of water for: - plants/crops - water resource -SM controls on biogeochemistry

6 Why is SM Important for Meteorology? Because: SM partly controls the land surface energy balance: Partitioning of solar energy between evaporation, sensible heat flux and soil heat flux Soil thermal properties depend on SM The absorption, emission and reflection of solar energy depend on SM The above affect the boundary layer development

7 How does the CRS technique Work? High energy neutrons via cosmic rays, are slowed and partly absorbed by the hydrogen atoms in soil water some lower energy fast neutrons are scattered back from the soil The CRS continuously counts these fast neutrons As SM increases fewer fast neutrons escape from the soil, and therefore count rate reduces

8 Footprint of SM from CRS Neutron scattering theory/models predict the measurement footprint Soil Moisture Depth Diameter of Soil Moisture

9 COSMOS-UK Station Instrumentation Four-component radiometer & weather station & 3D Sonic Anemometer Solar Panel Camera Weighing Rain Gauge Point Soil Moisture Sensors (10 cm) Profile Soil Moisture Sensor (20, 40, 65 cm) Soil Heat Flux Plates (3 cm) Soil Temperature Profile (2, 5, 10, 20, 50 cm) Cosmic-Ray sensor

10 CRS Data Processing Corrections 1 Figure 3Raw neutron counts (N raw ) and the correction factors applied (F p, F Q, F C, black lines) to obtain corrected counts (N corr ) for Chimney Meadows. Relevant variables (p, Q, C) are also shown in each case (green lines, right-hand axes). The resolution of the data is 60 min.

11 CRS Data Processing Corrections 2 Figure 3Raw neutron counts (N raw ) and the correction factors applied (F p, F Q, F C, black lines) to obtain corrected counts (N corr ) for Chimney Meadows. Relevant variables (p, Q, C) are also shown in each case (green lines, right-hand axes). The resolution of the data is 60 min.

12 CRS Soil Moisture Calibration On site manual soil samples and subsequent lab analysis, gives Volumetric Water Content (VWC) for the CRS on a particular day. A standard CRS calibration curve can then be fixed to the measured VWC and corrected neutron counts for the calibration day. Once calibration is fixed for a site, CRS SM is automatically calculated by the CEH data system caution with averaging period! For calcareous soils CEH has developed a pre-treatment to prevent interference of chalk when drying.

13 Automated & Manual Quality Control Automated QC Applied Range testing Spike/flat line detection Other specific tests/comparisons Snow! (e.g. BALRD 14/01/15), at present, manual check but snow depth sensor will be used to automate QC of SM for snow.

14 CRS SM Data Effective depth changes Daily averages (lines) and 6-h running means (shading) of COSMOS soil moisture content and modelled effective measurement depth

15 Comparing COSMOS to Satellite Data Soil moisture indices from COSMOS and satellite ASCAT data for Chimney Meadows and Sheepdrove (Aug 2011-Dec 2013). The resolution of the data is daily. Dashed lines are 1:1; solid lines are linear regressions through the data.

16 Comparing CRS SM with a Land Surface Model JULES: Joint UK Land Environment Simulator Vertical water column from COMSOS compared to 10 cm soil moisture from the JULES model for Chimney Meadows and Sheepdrove (Aug 2011-Dec 2012).

17 PhenoCam Daily View of Sites

18 Summary COSMOS-UK Station Instrumentation gives a suite of near real-time information: Field scale SM relevant for water resource and meteorological modelling Research grade meteorological data to drive models Gives all components of the surface energy balance except evaporation this will be estimated as the residual Land cover, phenology and greenness Automated data system with calibration & QC

Water Saving Technology

Water Saving Technology Water Saving Technology Water Demand & Irrigation Miguel Aguila aguila@gemuese-garten.com Prof. Dr. S. Kleisinger Project for Water and Fertilizer Use Efficiency November 6, 2009 EDUCATIONAL AND WORK HISTORY

More information

William Northcott Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Michigan State University. NRCS Irrigation Training Feb 2-3 and 9-10, 2010

William Northcott Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Michigan State University. NRCS Irrigation Training Feb 2-3 and 9-10, 2010 William Northcott Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Michigan State University NRCS Irrigation Training Feb 2-3 and 9-10, 2010 Irrigation Scheduling Process of maintaining an optimum

More information

Summary This lesson will introduce the concept of the water cycle by using a simple demonstration.

Summary This lesson will introduce the concept of the water cycle by using a simple demonstration. Partnerships Implementing Engineering Education Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester Public Schools Supported by: National Science Foundation Weather: 4.H.3 Water Cycle Grade Level 4 Sessions Seasonality

More information

The Water Cycle Now You See It, Now You Don t

The Water Cycle Now You See It, Now You Don t The Water Cycle Now You See It, Now You Don t Unit: Salinity Patterns & the Water Cycle l Grade Level: Elementary l Time Required: Introduction - 30 min. - Activity as groups 45min Wrap Up 20 min l Content

More information

AZ EGER-PATAK HIDROLÓGIAI VIZSGÁLATA, A FELSZÍNI VÍZKÉSZLETEK VÁRHATÓ VÁLTOZÁSÁBÓL ADÓDÓ MÓDOSULÁSOK AZ ÉGHAJLATVÁLTOZÁS HATÁSÁRA

AZ EGER-PATAK HIDROLÓGIAI VIZSGÁLATA, A FELSZÍNI VÍZKÉSZLETEK VÁRHATÓ VÁLTOZÁSÁBÓL ADÓDÓ MÓDOSULÁSOK AZ ÉGHAJLATVÁLTOZÁS HATÁSÁRA AZ EGER-PATAK HIDROLÓGIAI VIZSGÁLATA, A FELSZÍNI VÍZKÉSZLETEK VÁRHATÓ VÁLTOZÁSÁBÓL ADÓDÓ MÓDOSULÁSOK AZ ÉGHAJLATVÁLTOZÁS HATÁSÁRA GÁBOR KEVE 1, GÉZA HAJNAL 2, KATALIN BENE 3, PÉTER TORMA 4 EXTRAPOLATING

More information

PRECIPITATION AND EVAPORATION

PRECIPITATION AND EVAPORATION PRECIPITATION AND EVAPORATION OBJECTIVES Use historical data to analyze relationships between precipitation, evaporation and stream flow in the San Antonio River Basin TOPICS Water cycle Precipitation

More information

Asia-Pacific Environmental Innovation Strategy (APEIS)

Asia-Pacific Environmental Innovation Strategy (APEIS) Asia-Pacific Environmental Innovation Strategy (APEIS) Integrated Environmental Monitoring IEM) Dust Storm Over-cultivation Desertification Urbanization Floods Deforestation Masataka WATANABE, National

More information

Create Your Own Soil Profile Ac5vity

Create Your Own Soil Profile Ac5vity Create Your Own Soil Profile Ac5vity Middle School: 5-8 Task Overview: Soil profile refers to layers of soil. A typical soil profile takes nearly 1,000 to 100,000 years to form. The formation of the soil

More information

Grade 4 Standard 1 Unit Test Water Cycle. Multiple Choice. 1. Where is most water found on Earth? A. in glaciers B. in lakes C. in rivers D.

Grade 4 Standard 1 Unit Test Water Cycle. Multiple Choice. 1. Where is most water found on Earth? A. in glaciers B. in lakes C. in rivers D. Grade 4 Standard 1 Unit Test Water Cycle Multiple Choice 1. Where is most water found on Earth? A. in glaciers B. in lakes C. in rivers D. in oceans 2. What source of energy evaporates the most water from

More information

CE394K GIS IN WATER RESOURCES TERM PROJECT REPORT

CE394K GIS IN WATER RESOURCES TERM PROJECT REPORT CE394K GIS IN WATER RESOURCES TERM PROJECT REPORT Soil Water Balance in Southern California Cheng-Wei Yu Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Program Introduction Historical Drought Condition

More information

CHAPTER 2 Energy and Earth

CHAPTER 2 Energy and Earth CHAPTER 2 Energy and Earth This chapter is concerned with the nature of energy and how it interacts with Earth. At this stage we are looking at energy in an abstract form though relate it to how it affect

More information

Soil Moisture Estimation Using Active DTS at MOISST Site

Soil Moisture Estimation Using Active DTS at MOISST Site MOISST Workhsop, 2014 Soil Moisture Estimation Using Active DTS at MOISST Site June 4, 2014 Chadi Sayde, Daniel Moreno, John Selker Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering Oregon State University,

More information

Example of an end-to-end operational. from heat waves

Example of an end-to-end operational. from heat waves Example of an end-to-end operational service in support to civil protection from heat waves Paolo Manunta pkt006-11-1.0 1.0_WEBGIS Athens, 8 June 2007 OUTLINE Heat Island definition and causes Heat Island

More information

WATER QUALITY MONITORING AND APPLICATION OF HYDROLOGICAL MODELING TOOLS AT A WASTEWATER IRRIGATION SITE IN NAM DINH, VIETNAM

WATER QUALITY MONITORING AND APPLICATION OF HYDROLOGICAL MODELING TOOLS AT A WASTEWATER IRRIGATION SITE IN NAM DINH, VIETNAM WATER QUALITY MONITORING AND APPLICATION OF HYDROLOGICAL MODELING TOOLS AT A WASTEWATER IRRIGATION SITE IN NAM DINH, VIETNAM LeifBasherg (1) OlujZejlllJul Jessen (1) INTRODUCTION The current paper is the

More information

THE GEORGIA AUTOMATED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING NETWORK: TEN YEARS OF WEATHER INFORMATION FOR WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

THE GEORGIA AUTOMATED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING NETWORK: TEN YEARS OF WEATHER INFORMATION FOR WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT THE GEORGIA AUTOMATED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING NETWORK: TEN YEARS OF WEATHER INFORMATION FOR WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Gerrit Hoogenboom, D.D. Coker, J.M. Edenfield, D.M. Evans and C. Fang AUTHORS: Department

More information

MONITORING SOLUTION FOR IMPROVED CROP MANAGEMENT

MONITORING SOLUTION FOR IMPROVED CROP MANAGEMENT MONITORING SOLUTION FOR IMPROVED CROP MANAGEMENT COMPREHENSIVE, REAL-TIME INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR DECISION MAKING 01-0113-WTS-BR-0099-EN GROW MORE WITH LESS WWW.NETAFIM.COM REAL-TIME MONITORING AND DECISION

More information

Selecting the appropriate band combination for an RGB image using Landsat imagery

Selecting the appropriate band combination for an RGB image using Landsat imagery Selecting the appropriate band combination for an RGB image using Landsat imagery Ned Horning Version: 1.0 Creation Date: 2004-01-01 Revision Date: 2004-01-01 License: This document is licensed under a

More information

California Standards Grades 9 12 Boardworks 2009 Science Contents Standards Mapping

California Standards Grades 9 12 Boardworks 2009 Science Contents Standards Mapping California Standards Grades 912 Boardworks 2009 Science Contents Standards Mapping Earth Sciences Earth s Place in the Universe 1. Astronomy and planetary exploration reveal the solar system s structure,

More information

Review of Soil Moisture Calculation Method. 2. Conceptual Model of Soil Moisture Over a Shallow Water Table

Review of Soil Moisture Calculation Method. 2. Conceptual Model of Soil Moisture Over a Shallow Water Table 1 Review of Soil Moisture Calculation Method 1. Introduction In accordance with the Habitats Directive, the Environment Agency is required to carry out an appropriate assessment when considering applications

More information

How does snow melt? Principles of snow melt. Energy balance. GEO4430 snow hydrology 21.03.2006. Energy flux onto a unit surface:

How does snow melt? Principles of snow melt. Energy balance. GEO4430 snow hydrology 21.03.2006. Energy flux onto a unit surface: Principles of snow melt How does snow melt? We need energy to melt snow/ ice. GEO443 snow hydrology 21.3.26 E = m L h we s K = ρ h = w w we f E ρ L L f f Thomas V. Schuler t.v.schuler@geo.uio.no E energy

More information

GLOBAL CIRCULATION OF WATER

GLOBAL CIRCULATION OF WATER Global Circulation of Water MODULE - 8A 27 GLOBAL CIRCULATION OF WATER More than three-fourths of the earth s surface is covered by water. Water is an odorless, tasteless, substance than can naturally

More information

COTTON WATER RELATIONS

COTTON WATER RELATIONS COTTON WATER RELATIONS Dan R. Krieg 1 INTRODUCTION Water is the most abundant substance on the Earth s surface and yet is the most limiting to maximum productivity of nearly all crop plants. Land plants,

More information

Use of numerical weather forecast predictions in soil moisture modelling

Use of numerical weather forecast predictions in soil moisture modelling Use of numerical weather forecast predictions in soil moisture modelling Ari Venäläinen Finnish Meteorological Institute Meteorological research ari.venalainen@fmi.fi OBJECTIVE The weather forecast models

More information

MONITORING OF DROUGHT ON THE CHMI WEBSITE

MONITORING OF DROUGHT ON THE CHMI WEBSITE MONITORING OF DROUGHT ON THE CHMI WEBSITE Richterová D. 1, 2, Kohut M. 3 1 Department of Applied and Land scape Ecology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech

More information

Climate Change and Infrastructure Planning Ahead

Climate Change and Infrastructure Planning Ahead Climate Change and Infrastructure Planning Ahead Climate Change and Infrastructure Planning Ahead Infrastructure the physical facilities that support our society, such as buildings, roads, railways, ports

More information

Fundamentals of Climate Change (PCC 587): Water Vapor

Fundamentals of Climate Change (PCC 587): Water Vapor Fundamentals of Climate Change (PCC 587): Water Vapor DARGAN M. W. FRIERSON UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, DEPARTMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES DAY 2: 9/30/13 Water Water is a remarkable molecule Water vapor

More information

http://store.elsevier.com/forest-monitoring/ isbn-9780080982229/ Recommended citation for the full chapter:

http://store.elsevier.com/forest-monitoring/ isbn-9780080982229/ Recommended citation for the full chapter: 330 V Monitoring Methods for Atmosphere-Related Variables This is a publisher-agreed excerpt of a book chapter from a book published by Elsevier. The full content can be accessed via the following link:

More information

Earth Sciences -- Grades 9, 10, 11, and 12. California State Science Content Standards. Mobile Climate Science Labs

Earth Sciences -- Grades 9, 10, 11, and 12. California State Science Content Standards. Mobile Climate Science Labs Earth Sciences -- Grades 9, 10, 11, and 12 California State Science Content Standards Covered in: Hands-on science labs, demonstrations, & activities. Investigation and Experimentation. Lesson Plans. Presented

More information

Wireless Soil Moisture and Weather Monitoring System Caipos

Wireless Soil Moisture and Weather Monitoring System Caipos Wireless Soil Moisture and Weather Monitoring System Caipos System Overview Soil moisture and weather monitoring systems Caipos System Overview Caipos consists of base station, sensors and web application.

More information

Water Cycle. DELTA SCIENCE READER Overview... 123 Before Reading... 124 Guide the Reading... 125 After Reading... 130

Water Cycle. DELTA SCIENCE READER Overview... 123 Before Reading... 124 Guide the Reading... 125 After Reading... 130 Water Cycle T ABLE OF CONTENTS ABOUT DELTA SCIENCE MODULES Program Introduction................... iii Teacher s Guide..................... iv Delta Science Readers............... vi Equipment and Materials

More information

Titelmasterformat durch Klicken. bearbeiten

Titelmasterformat durch Klicken. bearbeiten Evaluation of a Fully Coupled Atmospheric Hydrological Modeling System for the Sissili Watershed in the West African Sudanian Savannah Titelmasterformat durch Klicken June, 11, 2014 1 st European Fully

More information

SECOND GRADE 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES

SECOND GRADE 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES SECOND GRADE 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES WATER CYCLE OVERVIEW OF SECOND GRADE WATER WEEK 1. PRE: Exploring the properties of water. LAB: Experimenting with different soap mixtures. POST: Analyzing

More information

Christine E. Hatch University of Nevada, Reno

Christine E. Hatch University of Nevada, Reno Christine E. Hatch University of Nevada, Reno Roadmap What is DTS? How Does it Work? What Can DTS Measure? Applications What is Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS)? Temperature measurement using only

More information

Monitoring Soil Moisture from Space. Dr. Heather McNairn Science and Technology Branch Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada heather.mcnairn@agr.gc.

Monitoring Soil Moisture from Space. Dr. Heather McNairn Science and Technology Branch Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada heather.mcnairn@agr.gc. Monitoring Soil Moisture from Space Dr. Heather McNairn Science and Technology Branch Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada heather.mcnairn@agr.gc.ca What is Remote Sensing? Scientists turn the raw data collected

More information

UNIT 6a TEST REVIEW. 1. A weather instrument is shown below.

UNIT 6a TEST REVIEW. 1. A weather instrument is shown below. UNIT 6a TEST REVIEW 1. A weather instrument is shown below. Which weather variable is measured by this instrument? 1) wind speed 3) cloud cover 2) precipitation 4) air pressure 2. Which weather station

More information

Lecture Series in Water, Soil and Atmosphere (315.340) Unit 1: Interaction Soil / Vegetation / Atmosphere

Lecture Series in Water, Soil and Atmosphere (315.340) Unit 1: Interaction Soil / Vegetation / Atmosphere Dept. Water, Soil & Atmosphere Institute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Lecture Series in Water, Soil and Atmosphere (315.340) Unit 1:

More information

Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service

Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service Martin Suttie Martin.Suttie@ecmwf.int Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service Atmosphere Monitoring Service MISSION Supporting the European strategy "Living well within the boundaries of Turning our planet"

More information

Potential Climate Impact of Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy Technologies. Chien Wang (MIT)

Potential Climate Impact of Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy Technologies. Chien Wang (MIT) Potential Climate Impact of Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy Technologies Chien Wang (MIT) 1. A large-scale installation of windmills Desired Energy Output: supply 10% of the estimated world

More information

Connected Farm Field Services. Dan Rooney InfoAg Conference, July 30, 2014

Connected Farm Field Services. Dan Rooney InfoAg Conference, July 30, 2014 Connected Farm Field Services Dan Rooney InfoAg Conference, July 30, 2014 What is Connected Farm? Connected Farm is an integrated operations management solution that combines industry-leading hardware,

More information

1.72, Groundwater Hydrology Prof. Charles Harvey Lecture Packet #1: Course Introduction, Water Balance Equation

1.72, Groundwater Hydrology Prof. Charles Harvey Lecture Packet #1: Course Introduction, Water Balance Equation 1.7, Groundwater Hydrology Prof. Charles Harvey Lecture Packet #1: Course Introduction, Water Balance Equation Where does water come from? It cycles. The total supply doesn t change much. Infiltration

More information

World Water and Climate Atlas

World Water and Climate Atlas International Water Management Institute World Water and Climate Atlas Direct access to water and climate data improves agricultural planning The IWMI World Water and Climate Atlas provides rapid access

More information

Characteristics of the. thermosphere

Characteristics of the. thermosphere Characteristics of the Atmosphere. If you were lost in the desert, you could survive for a few days without food and water. But you wouldn't last more than five minutes without the ' Objectives Describe

More information

Calculation of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Burning Rates

Calculation of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Burning Rates Calculation of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Burning Rates Carolina Herrera, R. Mentzer, M. Sam Mannan, and S. Waldram Mary Kay O Connor Process Safety Center Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering

More information

What Causes Climate? Use Target Reading Skills

What Causes Climate? Use Target Reading Skills Climate and Climate Change Name Date Class Climate and Climate Change Guided Reading and Study What Causes Climate? This section describes factors that determine climate, or the average weather conditions

More information

Expert System for Solar Thermal Power Stations. Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.v. Institute of Technical Thermodynamics

Expert System for Solar Thermal Power Stations. Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.v. Institute of Technical Thermodynamics Expert System for Solar Thermal Power Stations Institute of Technical Thermodynamics Stuttgart, July 2001 - Expert System for Solar Thermal Power Stations 2 Solar radiation and land resources for solar

More information

1 2 A very short description of the functional center network: regarding the Hydraulic and Hydrogeological risk, the national alert system is ensured by the National Civil Protection Department (DPCN),

More information

A simple scaling approach to produce climate scenarios of local precipitation extremes for the Netherlands

A simple scaling approach to produce climate scenarios of local precipitation extremes for the Netherlands Supplementary Material to A simple scaling approach to produce climate scenarios of local precipitation extremes for the Netherlands G. Lenderink and J. Attema Extreme precipitation during 26/27 th August

More information

Drought in the Czech Republic in 2015 A preliminary summary

Drought in the Czech Republic in 2015 A preliminary summary Drought in the Czech Republic in 2015 A preliminary summary October 2015, Prague DISCLAIMER All data used in this preliminary report are operational and might be a subject of change during quality control.

More information

CHAPTER 5 Lectures 10 & 11 Air Temperature and Air Temperature Cycles

CHAPTER 5 Lectures 10 & 11 Air Temperature and Air Temperature Cycles CHAPTER 5 Lectures 10 & 11 Air Temperature and Air Temperature Cycles I. Air Temperature: Five important factors influence air temperature: A. Insolation B. Latitude C. Surface types D. Coastal vs. interior

More information

City of Toronto Wet Weather Flow Monitoring Network: Baseline Conditions 2008 2011

City of Toronto Wet Weather Flow Monitoring Network: Baseline Conditions 2008 2011 City of Toronto Wet Weather Flow Monitoring Network: Baseline Conditions 2008 2011 Sharing Loading Estimation Experiences Workshop Tuesday, January 20, 2015 Presented By: Derek Smith City of Toronto Flood

More information

ORANGE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OFFICE OF CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION OFFICE OF SCIENCE. GRADE 6 SCIENCE Post - Assessment

ORANGE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OFFICE OF CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION OFFICE OF SCIENCE. GRADE 6 SCIENCE Post - Assessment ORANGE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OFFICE OF CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION OFFICE OF SCIENCE GRADE 6 SCIENCE Post - Assessment School Year 2013-2014 Directions for Grade 6 Post-Assessment The Grade 6 Post-Assessment is

More information

Water & Climate Review

Water & Climate Review Water & Climate Review 1. The cross section below shows the direction of air flowing over a mountain. Points A and B are at the same elevation on opposite sides of the mountain. 4. The graph below shows

More information

Exploring the Building Energy Impacts of Green Roof Design Decisions - A Modeling Study of Buildings in 4 Distinct Climates

Exploring the Building Energy Impacts of Green Roof Design Decisions - A Modeling Study of Buildings in 4 Distinct Climates Final version for publication: Exploring the Building Energy Impacts of Green Roof Design Decisions - A Modeling Study of Buildings in 4 Distinct Climates David J. Sailor 1, Timothy B. Elley 2, and Max

More information

AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2007 SCORING GUIDELINES

AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2007 SCORING GUIDELINES AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2007 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 4 Some scientists estimate that by 2025 over 60 percent of the global human population will live in urban areas. Urban residents experience a variety

More information

Influence of Climatic Factors on Stormwater Runoff Reduction of Green Roofs

Influence of Climatic Factors on Stormwater Runoff Reduction of Green Roofs Influence of Climatic Factors on Stormwater Runoff Reduction of Green Roofs North Temperate Zone Greenskins Lab Runoff Retention / Precipitation (Annual %) Vancouver, BC 29% Malmö, Sweden 47 % Rock Springs,

More information

AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2012 SCORING GUIDELINES

AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2012 SCORING GUIDELINES AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2012 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 2 The Fremont School District uses oil to heat school buildings. Go Green! is a new project the district will implement. The superintendent has

More information

Trace Gas Exchange Measurements with Standard Infrared Analyzers

Trace Gas Exchange Measurements with Standard Infrared Analyzers Practical Environmental Measurement Methods Trace Gas Exchange Measurements with Standard Infrared Analyzers Last change of document: February 23, 2007 Supervisor: Charles Robert Room no: S 4381 ph: 4352

More information

CSS 560 Principles of Ecology for Environmental Educators

CSS 560 Principles of Ecology for Environmental Educators CSS 560 Principles of Ecology for Environmental Educators Journaling task (15:00 min/each) Draw a diagram that shows the major components (boxes) and interactions (arrows) of a terrestrial ecosystem Conceptual

More information

Laboratory scale electrical resistivity measurements to monitor the heat propagation within porous media for low enthalpy geothermal applications

Laboratory scale electrical resistivity measurements to monitor the heat propagation within porous media for low enthalpy geothermal applications 32 CONVEGNO NAZIONALE 19-21 Novembre 2013 TRIESTE Laboratory scale electrical resistivity measurements to monitor the heat propagation within porous media for low enthalpy geothermal applications N. Giordano

More information

Seasonal & Daily Temperatures. Seasons & Sun's Distance. Solstice & Equinox. Seasons & Solar Intensity

Seasonal & Daily Temperatures. Seasons & Sun's Distance. Solstice & Equinox. Seasons & Solar Intensity Seasonal & Daily Temperatures Seasons & Sun's Distance The role of Earth's tilt, revolution, & rotation in causing spatial, seasonal, & daily temperature variations Please read Chapter 3 in Ahrens Figure

More information

ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF WATER-LEVEL MONITORING PROGRAMS. Selection of Observation Wells

ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF WATER-LEVEL MONITORING PROGRAMS. Selection of Observation Wells ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF WATER-LEVEL MONITORING PROGRAMS Before discussing the uses and importance of long-term water-level data, it is useful to review essential components of a water-level monitoring

More information

1. Theoretical background

1. Theoretical background 1. Theoretical background We consider the energy budget at the soil surface (equation 1). Energy flux components absorbed or emitted by the soil surface are: net radiation, latent heat flux, sensible heat

More information

Welcome to NASA Applied Remote Sensing Training (ARSET) Webinar Series

Welcome to NASA Applied Remote Sensing Training (ARSET) Webinar Series Welcome to NASA Applied Remote Sensing Training (ARSET) Webinar Series Introduction to Remote Sensing Data for Water Resources Management Course Dates: October 17, 24, 31 November 7, 14 Time: 8-9 a.m.

More information

WATER AND DEVELOPMENT Vol. II - Types Of Environmental Models - R. A. Letcher and A. J. Jakeman

WATER AND DEVELOPMENT Vol. II - Types Of Environmental Models - R. A. Letcher and A. J. Jakeman TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MODELS R. A. Letcher and A. J. Jakeman Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, The Australian National University, Australia Keywords: environmental models, environmental

More information

Thermal performance of green roofs through field evaluation

Thermal performance of green roofs through field evaluation Thermal performance of green roofs through field evaluation Liu, K.; Baskaran, B. NRCC-46412 A version of this document is published in / Une version de ce document se trouve dans: Proceedings for the

More information

SPQ Module 3 Solar Power

SPQ Module 3 Solar Power SPQ Module 3 Solar Power The sun is the source of all life on earth. Yet we sometimes forget how central it is to our every activity. We stumble through our daily routine worrying about the mundane tribulations

More information

Lars-Göran Gustafsson, DHI Water and Environment, Box 3287, S-350 53 Växjö, Sweden

Lars-Göran Gustafsson, DHI Water and Environment, Box 3287, S-350 53 Växjö, Sweden Alternative Drainage Schemes for Reduction of Inflow/Infiltration - Prediction and Follow-Up of Effects with the Aid of an Integrated Sewer/Aquifer Model Introduction Lars-Göran Gustafsson, DHI Water and

More information

SIXTH GRADE WEATHER 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES

SIXTH GRADE WEATHER 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES SIXTH GRADE WEATHER 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES WATER CYCLE OVERVIEW OF SIXTH GRADE WATER WEEK 1. PRE: Evaluating components of the water cycle. LAB: Experimenting with porosity and permeability.

More information

Cool Spaces. earth-wise guide to. green strategies: light strategies: Keep Austin Cool

Cool Spaces. earth-wise guide to. green strategies: light strategies: Keep Austin Cool earth-wise guide to Cool Spaces green strategies: 1. Trees and leafy plants 2. Green roofs 3. Green walls light strategies: 4. Reflective roofs 5. Permeable pavement 6. Shade structures Keep Austin Cool

More information

Sintermann discussion measurement of ammonia emission from field-applied manure

Sintermann discussion measurement of ammonia emission from field-applied manure Sintermann discussion measurement of ammonia emission from field-applied manure Jan Huijsmans, Julio Mosquera and Arjan Hensen 9 April 2013 During the1990 s the measurement methods for ammonia (NH 3 )

More information

Chapter 2 The hydrological cycle

Chapter 2 The hydrological cycle Chapter 2 The hydrological cycle The hydrologic cycle is a conceptual model that describes the storage and movement of water between the biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and the hydrosphere (see Figure

More information

7613-1 - Page 1. Weather Unit Exam Pre-Test Questions

7613-1 - Page 1. Weather Unit Exam Pre-Test Questions Weather Unit Exam Pre-Test Questions 7613-1 - Page 1 Name: 1) Equal quantities of water are placed in four uncovered containers with different shapes and left on a table at room temperature. From which

More information

Research on Soil Moisture and Evapotranspiration using Remote Sensing

Research on Soil Moisture and Evapotranspiration using Remote Sensing Research on Soil Moisture and Evapotranspiration using Remote Sensing Prof. dr. hab Katarzyna Dabrowska Zielinska Remote Sensing Center Institute of Geodesy and Cartography 00-950 Warszawa Jasna 2/4 Field

More information

Basic Climatological Station Metadata Current status. Metadata compiled: 30 JAN 2008. Synoptic Network, Reference Climate Stations

Basic Climatological Station Metadata Current status. Metadata compiled: 30 JAN 2008. Synoptic Network, Reference Climate Stations Station: CAPE OTWAY LIGHTHOUSE Bureau of Meteorology station number: Bureau of Meteorology district name: West Coast State: VIC World Meteorological Organization number: Identification: YCTY Basic Climatological

More information

Georgia Performance Standards Framework for Science Grade 6. Unit Organizer: Water in Earth s Processes. (Approximate Time: 5-6 Weeks)

Georgia Performance Standards Framework for Science Grade 6. Unit Organizer: Water in Earth s Processes. (Approximate Time: 5-6 Weeks) The following instructional plan is part of a GaDOE collection of Unit Frameworks, Performance Tasks, examples of Student Work, and Teacher Commentary. Many more GaDOE approved instructional plans are

More information

Overview of BNL s Solar Energy Research Plans. March 2011

Overview of BNL s Solar Energy Research Plans. March 2011 Overview of BNL s Solar Energy Research Plans March 2011 Why Solar Energy Research at BNL? BNL s capabilities can advance solar energy In the Northeast World class facilities History of successful research

More information

a) species of plants that require a relatively cool, moist environment tend to grow on poleward-facing slopes.

a) species of plants that require a relatively cool, moist environment tend to grow on poleward-facing slopes. J.D. McAlpine ATMS 611 HMWK #8 a) species of plants that require a relatively cool, moist environment tend to grow on poleward-facing slopes. These sides of the slopes will tend to have less average solar

More information

Irrigation Scheduling for Corn Why and How

Irrigation Scheduling for Corn Why and How NATIONAL CORN HANDBOOK WATER MANAGEMENT (IRRIGATION) Irrigation Scheduling for Corn Why and How F. M. Rhoads, University of Florida; and C. D. Yonts, University of Nebraska NCH-20 Reviewers J. E. Hook,

More information

8.5 Comparing Canadian Climates (Lab)

8.5 Comparing Canadian Climates (Lab) These 3 climate graphs and tables of data show average temperatures and precipitation for each month in Victoria, Winnipeg and Whitehorse: Figure 1.1 Month J F M A M J J A S O N D Year Precipitation 139

More information

Improved Meteorological Measurements from Merchant Ships. Peter K. Taylor and Elizabeth C. Kent Southampton Oceanography Centre, UK

Improved Meteorological Measurements from Merchant Ships. Peter K. Taylor and Elizabeth C. Kent Southampton Oceanography Centre, UK Improved Meteorological Measurements from Merchant Ships Peter K. Taylor and Elizabeth C. Kent Southampton Oceanography Centre, UK Summary What Merchant Ship observations do we have? Why improve the Merchant

More information

EXPLANATION OF WEATHER ELEMENTS AND VARIABLES FOR THE DAVIS VANTAGE PRO 2 MIDSTREAM WEATHER STATION

EXPLANATION OF WEATHER ELEMENTS AND VARIABLES FOR THE DAVIS VANTAGE PRO 2 MIDSTREAM WEATHER STATION EXPLANATION OF WEATHER ELEMENTS AND VARIABLES FOR THE DAVIS VANTAGE PRO 2 MIDSTREAM WEATHER STATION The Weather Envoy consists of two parts: the Davis Vantage Pro 2 Integrated Sensor Suite (ISS) and the

More information

Heikki Turtiainen *, Pauli Nylander and Pekka Puura Vaisala Oyj, Helsinki, Finland. Risto Hölttä Vaisala Inc, Boulder, Colorado

Heikki Turtiainen *, Pauli Nylander and Pekka Puura Vaisala Oyj, Helsinki, Finland. Risto Hölttä Vaisala Inc, Boulder, Colorado 4.1 A NEW HIGH ACCURACY, LOW MAINTENANCE ALL WEATHER PRECIPITATION GAUGE FOR METEOROLOGICAL, HYDROLOGICAL AND CLIMATOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS Heikki Turtiainen *, Pauli Nylander and Pekka Puura Vaisala Oyj,

More information

Dispelling the Solar Myth - Evacuated Tube versus Flat Plate Panels. W illiam Comerford Sales Manager Ireland Kingspan Renewables Ltd.

Dispelling the Solar Myth - Evacuated Tube versus Flat Plate Panels. W illiam Comerford Sales Manager Ireland Kingspan Renewables Ltd. Dispelling the Solar Myth - Evacuated Tube versus Flat Plate Panels W illiam Comerford Sales Manager Ireland Kingspan Renewables Ltd. 1 The Kingspan Group Energy independent buildings for a sustainable

More information

Seasonal Temperature Variations

Seasonal Temperature Variations Seasonal and Daily Temperatures Fig. 3-CO, p. 54 Seasonal Temperature Variations What causes the seasons What governs the seasons is the amount of solar radiation reaching the ground What two primary factors

More information

BB-18 Black Body High Vacuum System Technical Description

BB-18 Black Body High Vacuum System Technical Description BB-18 Black Body High Vacuum System Technical Description The BB-18 Black Body is versatile and is programmed for use as a fixed cold target at 80 K or variable target, at 80 K- 350 K no extra cost. The

More information

GROUNDWATER BANKING AN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS APPROACH FOR WATER SECURITY IN CALIFORNIA

GROUNDWATER BANKING AN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS APPROACH FOR WATER SECURITY IN CALIFORNIA GROUNDWATER BANKING AN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS APPROACH FOR WATER SECURITY IN CALIFORNIA Helen Dahlke Assistant Professor in Integrated Hydrologic Sciences LAWR, UC Davis FEBRUARY 13, 2015 EMAIL: hdahlke@ucdavis.edu

More information

Ubiquitous Wireless Sensor Networks for Environmental and Climate Data Management System

Ubiquitous Wireless Sensor Networks for Environmental and Climate Data Management System Ubiquitous Wireless Sensor Networks for Environmental and Climate Data Management System Presenter: M.Eng Vo Minh Thanh School of Electrical Engineering International University HCM National University

More information

FOURTH GRADE WATER 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES

FOURTH GRADE WATER 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES FOURTH GRADE WATER 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES WATER CYCLE OVERVIEW OF FOURTH GRADE WATER WEEK 1. PRE: Comparing different reservoirs of water. LAB: Experimenting with surface tension and capillary

More information

Outline. Thermal storage for low carbon buildings. Effect of global warming on design summer year. Environment impacts of buildings

Outline. Thermal storage for low carbon buildings. Effect of global warming on design summer year. Environment impacts of buildings http://www.brighton.ac.uk/csbe Thermal storage for low carbon buildings Kenneth Ip Centre for Sustainability of the Built Environment Outline Background Basic principles of thermal storage in buildings

More information

6 th Grade Science Assessment: Weather & Water Select the best answer on the answer sheet. Please do not make any marks on this test.

6 th Grade Science Assessment: Weather & Water Select the best answer on the answer sheet. Please do not make any marks on this test. Select the be answer on the answer sheet. Please do not make any marks on this te. 1. Weather is be defined as the A. changes that occur in cloud formations from day to day. B. amount of rain or snow that

More information

Managing Growth of Hibiscus acetosella by Controlling Substrate Moisture

Managing Growth of Hibiscus acetosella by Controlling Substrate Moisture 1 Managing Growth of Hibiscus acetosella by Controlling Substrate Moisture with Sensor Controlled Irrigation Amanda Bayer 1, Matthew Chappell 1, John Ruter 2, and Marc van Iersel 1 1 Department of Horticulture,

More information

RICE CULTIVATION: ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WATER SAVING APPROACHES

RICE CULTIVATION: ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WATER SAVING APPROACHES RICE CULTIVATION: ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WATER SAVING APPROACHES Ragab Ragab 1 Introduction Globally, rice is the most important food crop with more than 90% produced in Asia. In most of Asian countries,

More information

Overview. Suggested Lesson Please see the Greenlinks Module description.

Overview. Suggested Lesson Please see the Greenlinks Module description. Overview Plants interact with their environment in many ways that we cannot see. Children often enjoy learning about these hidden secrets of plant life. In this lesson, children will learn about role of

More information

6. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below, which shows the average monthly temperature of two cities A and B.

6. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below, which shows the average monthly temperature of two cities A and B. 1. Which single factor generally has the greatest effect on the climate of an area on the Earth's surface? 1) the distance from the Equator 2) the extent of vegetative cover 3) the degrees of longitude

More information

Clouds and the Energy Cycle

Clouds and the Energy Cycle August 1999 NF-207 The Earth Science Enterprise Series These articles discuss Earth's many dynamic processes and their interactions Clouds and the Energy Cycle he study of clouds, where they occur, and

More information

Improved diagnosis of low-level cloud from MSG SEVIRI data for assimilation into Met Office limited area models

Improved diagnosis of low-level cloud from MSG SEVIRI data for assimilation into Met Office limited area models Improved diagnosis of low-level cloud from MSG SEVIRI data for assimilation into Met Office limited area models Peter N. Francis, James A. Hocking & Roger W. Saunders Met Office, Exeter, U.K. Abstract

More information

Evaluation of the Effect of Upper-Level Cirrus Clouds on Satellite Retrievals of Low-Level Cloud Droplet Effective Radius

Evaluation of the Effect of Upper-Level Cirrus Clouds on Satellite Retrievals of Low-Level Cloud Droplet Effective Radius Evaluation of the Effect of Upper-Level Cirrus Clouds on Satellite Retrievals of Low-Level Cloud Droplet Effective Radius F.-L. Chang and Z. Li Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University

More information

Climate Change. Lauma M. Jurkevics - DWR, Southern Region Senior Environmental Scientist

Climate Change. Lauma M. Jurkevics - DWR, Southern Region Senior Environmental Scientist Climate Change A n o t h e r F a c t o r i n M a n a g i n g S o u t h e r n C a l i f o r n i a s W a t e r R e s o u r c e s Lauma M. Jurkevics - DWR, Southern Region Senior Environmental Scientist USEPA-Region

More information

Materials Needed: Choose one of the following methods depending on how familiar your students are with the internet and how to use it.

Materials Needed: Choose one of the following methods depending on how familiar your students are with the internet and how to use it. Teacher Information Lesson Title: Global Warming, Green House Effect and Climate Changes Lesson Description: This lesson helps students to understand or review their understanding of global warming, the

More information

[ Climate Data Collection and Forecasting Element ] An Advanced Monitoring Network In Support of the FloodER Program

[ Climate Data Collection and Forecasting Element ] An Advanced Monitoring Network In Support of the FloodER Program [ Climate Data Collection and Forecasting Element ] An Advanced Monitoring Network In Support of the FloodER Program December 2010 1 Introduction Extreme precipitation and the resulting flooding events

More information