United States Late Entrant Allied powers 1941 Pearl Harbor attack, fought in Europe and in the Pacific

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1 United States Late Entrant Allied powers 1941 Pearl Harbor attack, fought in Europe and in the Pacific

2 Russia: Previously the Soviet Union, Had made a pact with Hitler, which they broke Hitler then invaded them and they became a member of the Allied powers

3 France: Original Allied Power

4 United Kingdom/England: Original Allied Power

5 Canada: Allied Power, Late Entrant

6 Germany: Original Axis Power

7 Italy: Original Axis Power, Later Mussolini is overthrown and it becomes an Allied power.

8 Japan: Original Axis Power, Fought in Pacific: During WWII Their flag was the Rising Sun Flag

9 Causes of the War Great Depression Totalitarian Regimes who believed in conquering land as the only way to get out of the depression IMPERIALISM The Rise to power of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party The Appeasement of Hitler during the 1930s The unwillingness of the League of Nations to stop the Totalitarian Regimes

10 Causes of the War Pacific American s placed an Oil and Trade Embargo on Japan. So that Japan could not get supplies from the US to continue with its military aggression in Asia and the Pacific Eventually This will lead to Pearl.

11 Treaty of Versailles Not Followed End of WWI This was an invitation for all nations to make peace. All were invited except Germany Germany was not to demilitarize, but receive full responsibility for the war. Germany had to sign this humiliating letter of defeat. To them it was a breach of contract.

12 Fourteen Points Not Followed Open covenants of peace openly arrived at, with no secret international agreements in the future Freedom of the seas outside territorial waters in peace and in war. Removal of all possible economic barriers and establishment of equal trade among nations Reduction of national armaments to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety Free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims Russia, Poland, and Turkey as a free, independent nation Rebuild Belgium and remove troops from it, Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro. Limited self-government for Austria-Hungary An association of nations must be formed.

13 New Tactics in WWII/Military Strategies Kamikaze means divine wind suicide squadrons flew aircraft filled with explosives into U.S. naval vessels

14 New Tactics Island Hopping used by American and Allied forces in the pacific to secure groups of islands one island is taken and used as a base to launch an attack on another island and the process is repeated U.S. took Iwo Jima and Midway in this way. USS Intrepid (shown right)

15 New Tactics in WWII Blitzkrieg fast moving, air-and-land warfare tanks and troop transport vehicles were concentrated and massive attacks by dive bombers were conducted on enemy front-line positions developed in order to overcome static trench warfare

16 New Tactics Nuclear Weapons U.S. used the atomic bomb on Nagasaki and Hiroshima in 1945 Killed 100, ,000 people creates thermal radiation, blast and nuclear radiation helped to end the war

17 New Weapons of WWII Many New and Better Tanks including M10 Tank destroyer built to combine the mobility of a tank with the versatility and power of an anti-tank gun. M22 Tank M3 Tank used for infantry support armed with a 75 mm gun to equal the firepower of the German tanks

18 Many Planes US Planes Fighters Lightning Mustang Bombers B-29

19 New Weapons of WWII Bazooka gave the Americans an anti-tank weapon at close range

20 New Weapons of WWII Thompson submachine gun inaccurate at a distance of over 50 yards rather heavy, and lacking in penetrating power

21 New Weapons of WWII Type 30 grenade had a lever B that would be kept in place before thrown so it gave the throwers more time to be accurate.

22 Political Leaders Japan- Hirohito wanted to consolidate Japanese power in Asia and the Pacific won the early victories forced to retire when the Mariana Islands were lost in 1944

23 Political Leaders Italy- Mussolini founded a revolutionary group called the Fasci di Combattimento imposed a totalitarian dictatorship formed an alliance with Germany

24 Political Leaders Germany- Adolf Hitler He wanted to purify Germany via genocide built the Nazi party most powerful dictator blamed failure in WWI on the Jews, Poles, and Gypsies.

25 Political Leaders USA- F. D. R. only president elected to 4 terms. He died before WWII ended and Truman took over and made the decision to use the bomb FDR during his trip to Crimea

26 Political Leaders Britain- Sir Winston Churchill He modernized the navy G.B. s greatest statesman of the 20th century. Served in India and Sudan

27 Political Leaders USSR- Stalin an ambitious leader introduced the Constitution of 1936 A member of the Bolshevik party Stalin ordered the executions of people that were in the Soviet government

28 Political Leaders France- C. de Gaulle organized resistance forces in Britain, the French colonies, and occupied France promoted to the rank of brigadier general and placed in charge of the hastily formed 4th Armored Division.

29 Major Battles European Theatre Battle of Britain- Aug. 8, 1940 (Blitz) began with an air raid from Germany; RAF fighter planes caused hearty Luftwaffe casualties. 2,500 casualties from the air raid Oct. 6 The Germans stopped day light raids

30 Major Battles Battle of Stalingrad- Aug. 20, 1942 German target because it was located in SW Russia Soviets fought back for a year and the Germans surrendered losing 300,000 people city was almost totally destroyed and renamed Volgograd

31 Major Battles Invasion of Normandy- June 6, 1944 (D-day) Operation Overlord- 4,000 ships and 176,000 men In Normandy, France caught Germans by surprise and forced them back captured Cherbourg, France from the Nazis on June 27 largest sea-borne invasion in history

32 Major Battles Battle of the Bulge- Dec 1944 last German offensive in the west Germans tried to divide the American and British lines to retake their seaport, Antwerp Belgium 220,000 Germans died, 10,276 Americans died this battle lead to the end of the war

33 Battles in the Pacific Pearl Harbor Dec. 7 th 1941 Attack by the Japs that brings America into the war. Seen as a sneak attack by the Japs, Americans begin to view all Japanese as bad.

34 Battles in the Pacific Midway Island Turning point in the War Americans begin to go on the offensive.

35 Major Battles Pacific Theatre Battle of Iwo Jima- Feb and March, 1945 most costly battle in pacific 6,400 US marines died and 20,000 Japanese died most important defensive position was Mt. Suribachi which triggered the fall of the Japanese hold on the island

36 Major Battles Battle of Okinawa- April 1, 1945 drove the Japanese into the southern part of the island The U.S. navy suffered from suicide bomber pilots lost 5,000 sailors and 38 ships U.S. used B-29 s and carrier planes to bomb them 12,000 US men killed and 117,000 Japanese killed

37 Military Leaders Britain- Montgomery played a prominent role in the Allied victories in Africa and Europe. Commander of the British Eighth Army in Africa deputy supreme commander of NATO

38 Military Leaders USSR- Zhukov commanded the defense of Moscow led the final attack on Berlin member of the exec. Board for the Communist party, but dismissed because he was concerned about military things instead of party concerns.

39 Military Leaders USA- Dwight David Eisenhower Had command of the US forces in Europe Planned and executed the Normandy Invasion liked the risky single-thrust theory of concentrated attack on one spot became supreme commander of NATO George S. Patton USA: Africa Campaign, moved troops father and engaged more enemy in Europe then anyone in History. Only Allied General Truly Feared by the Germans

40 Military Leaders USA- Douglas MacArthur Commanded Allied troops in the Pacific After retreating, he gradually retook all of the lost Islands, including the Philippines Accepted the Surrender of Japan

41 Military Leaders France-Charles de Gaulle a single minded patriot his personal bravery was legendary marched into liberated France and became Prime Minister again.

42 Italy-Mussolini fought the British in Africa Invaded Albania, Greece In control of the Fascist Government of Italy./Like a dictatorship Was shot and killed while trying to escape. Italy switches sides after his death Military Leaders

43 Military Leaders Japan- Yamamoto naval strategist pressed for a swift knockout blow against the Americans which Leads to Pearl Harbor Liked the aircraft carriers and the Zero fighter Some say he knew Japan would fail Hideki Tojo Japanese Military Expert

44 Military Leaders Germany- Rommel African desert victories tactician in desert warfare nicknamed the Desert Fox accused of trying to kill Hitler lead a panzer division during the invasion of France

45 Military Leaders Germany- Goring 2nd most powerful German leader commander of German air force looted Nazi countries for personal gain