4th Grade Landforms Assessment

Transcription

1 Name: Date: 1. Which statement is true? A. The Earth's surface is constantly changing. B. The Earth's surface has never changed. C. The Earth's surface only changes during earthquakes. D. The Earth's surface has changed in the past, but is no longer changing. 2. What event caused the changes in the Earth's surface and destruction of homes in the pictures below? A. earthquakes B. landslides C. tornadoes D. tidal waves 1

2 3. The shape of the jagged coastline in the picture below is primarily caused by. A. flowing rivers depositing soil. B. ocean waves eroding the soil. C. gravity moving and depositing soil. D. blowing wind eroding soil. 4. The tooth fossil in the picture below came from a shark. That shark is known to have lived only in the ocean. What would it mean if the shark tooth fossil had been found in the Rocky Mountains? A. that the Rocky Mountain area used to be a desert B. that the rocks in the mountains had once been under water C. that the wind had blown the fossil into the mountains D. that the ocean used to be a desert 2

3 5. Why is wind erosion a problem on the North Carolina coast? A. Hard, heavy rains soak the North Carolina coastline. B. Salty ocean air travels very far inland. C. Loose soil particles are easily carried by the wind. D. Too many people use the beaches for recreation. 6. Which of these statements about deposition is correct? A. Smaller particles usually take longer to settle. B. Larger particles usually take longer to settle. C. Large and small particles take the same time to settle. D. Sometimes larger particles take longer to settle, sometimes smaller ones do. 7. Weathering is the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces. Which is an example of weathering? A. river water carries sand and small rocks to the ocean B. waves crash on a cliff and turn it into sand and pebbles C. a landslide pulls mud and rocks down a hill D. sand builds up in a desert and forms dunes (sandy hills) 8. Adam poured a small cup of sand and a small cup of clay into a jar of water. He shook the jar and waited for the soil to settle. Which soil settled at the bottom of the jar? A. Soil with the smaller particle size. B. Not the clay or the sand because both floated. C. A mixture of both clay and sand. D. Soil with the larger particle size. 3

4 9. Adam poured a small cup of sand and a small cup of clay into a jar of water. He shook the jar and waited for the soil to settle. What evidence is Adam collecting by doing the jar experiment? A. The cleanliness of the stream's water B. How streams erode soil C. How streams deposit soil particles D. Pollutants in a stream bed 10. Jordan notices that the bottom part of a cliff is worn away. Why is the cliff worn away near or under the level where the water is? A. The fish and animals that live in the water tear up the cliff. B. The moving water is what wears away the cliff. C. The cliff is softer beneath the water line. D. The changes in temperature are greater in the water. 11. Which of the following is a true statement about the Earth's surface? A. Earth's surface is always the same. B. Earth's surface changes only through slow processes. C. Earth's surface changes through slow and and rapid processes. D. Earth's surface changes only through rapid processes. 4

5 12. Select the correct pairing of an event with its effect on the Earth's surface. A. tornado: masses of ice that move soil across the Earth's crust B. volcano: the eruption creates new land on the Earth's crust C. flood: a rock mass sliding down a mountainside onto the Earth's crust D. glacier: a piece of rock collides with the Earth's crust 13. Which of the following statements best describe a meandering stream? A. A smaller stream flows into a larger stream. B. Erosion on one bank and deposits on the other make big curves in the riverbed. C. The river slows and deposits large amounts of soil forming a delta. D. The v-shaped channel is eroded deeper and deeper. 14. Rain is falling down hard and fast. Which of the following will help protect soil from water erosion? A. Plant roots B. Loose soil C. Heavy rain D. Steep slopes 15. Which of the following would show an example of the changes of the Earth's surface? A. a model of a new house made by an architect B. a picture of a car taken last year C. a comparison of a very old map to a new map of the U.S. coastline D. a drawing of a horse on a cave wall 5

6 16. How do glaciers create a change in the Earth's surface? A. The ice moves rocks to other areas and gradually carves the land beneath it. B. Glaciers do not cause a change in the Earth's surface. C. The ice moves rocks to other areas and rapidly carves the land beneath it. D. The ice melts and causes a landslide. 17. Select the answer choice that best completes the following sentences. takes place when rocks are broken into smaller pieces. takes place when the small rock pieces are moved to a new place. A. Erosion; Transportation B. Weathering; Evaporation C. Erosion; Weathering D. Weathering; Erosion 18. The picture below is of an arch, a geological feature that forms in some deserts. How did this arch most likely get its shape? A. Animals slowly removed the pieces of the rock that were once around the arch. B. The arch originally formed that way. C. Wind and water removed the rock that was originally around and under the arch. D. Plant roots grew into the original rock, breaking it apart and leaving the arch behind. 6

7 19. A fan-shaped deposit of Earth materials at the mouth of a stream is called a. A. canyon B. channel C. delta D. valley 20. Jasmine made a stream-table by putting sand and silt on a cookie sheet. She tilted the sheet and ran water down it. Which of these could Jasmine learn from the stream table? A. How freezing water makes frost. B. How flowing water weathers stone. C. How the percolation of water shapes streams. D. How erosion caused by flowing water shapes the land. 21. Houses are being built along the Neuse River. The builders were careful not to remove the trees and plants along the bank of the river. Why? A. Trees and plants make the area safe for builders. B. Trees and plants keep canoes from using the property. C. Trees and plants will control the mosquito population. D. Trees and plants protect the bank from erosion. 7

8 22. In the stream-table investigation, which of these can increase the amount of erosion and deposition? A. Put a barrier in the water path. B. Use the flood water source. C. Make the slope flatter by removing the wooden angle. D. Use the standard water source. 23. A natural event made the changes in the Earth's surface that caused the road shown in the picture to crack and break. Which kind of event was it? A. flood B. snowstorm C. earthquake D. wind 24. Water flows over and through the state of North Carolina. What is the source of all this water? A. Home faucets B. Ground wells C. Natural springs D. Rain clouds 8

9 25. How does gravity affect the stream-table model? A. Gravity does not affect the model. B. Gravity causes water to flow from a high place to a lower place. C. Gravity causes water to flow to the outside edges of the model. D. Gravity pulls water to the top of the slope. 26. How might ice change rocks into soil? A. Rocks are too hard to ever break apart and become soil. B. Rocks covered in ice move underneath the loose soil. C. Water expanding and freezing breaks rocks into soil. D. Freezing water covers rocks and makes soil. 27. Thousands of years ago, this river flowed across a plain. Which landform has been created as a result of the flowing water? A. tributary B. canyon C. meander D. delta 9

10 28. A scientist finds a fossil of a fern near a fossil of a small mammal. Which of the following is likely true about the organisms that made the fossils? A. They are the same species of organism. B. They had nothing in common with each other. C. They lived on different continents. D. They were alive during the same time period. 29. What natural force is most likely responsible for the formation of the narrow passage through the cliffs in the picture? A. Blowing wind eroded the soil. B. Flowing water eroded the soil. C. Gravity moved and deposited the soil. D. Ocean waves deposited the soil. 10

11 30. A narrow river flows into a large lake. What do you expect to happen as the fast moving water pours into the lake? A. The lake will fill with plants and fish. B. The river will erode the bottom of the lake. C. The water slows and a delta will form. D. The river will become full of lake water. 11