26.3 Specific Heat. Mixing different combinations of hot and cold water
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1 Name: Question: How much heat flows between liquids at different s? A Mixing different combinations of hot and cold water 1. Follow the procedures and record the results from experiments 1, 2, and 3 in Table 1. Table 1: Temperature data Temperature of liquid A Temperature of liquid B Predicted equilibrium Actual equilibrium ml hot water: 250 ml cold water: ml hot water: 250 ml cold water: ml hot water: 500 ml cold water: B Analyzing your data a. On what basis did you make your predictions for the equilibrium in each experiment? b. How did your predicted equilibrium compare to the actual equilibrium in each experiment? What can you conclude about the equilibrium based on your results? c. In each experiment, how does the change in of the cold water compare to the change in of the warm water? Explain. Answer Sheet
2 d. In each experiment, how does the change in energy of the cold water compare to the change in energy of the warm water? Explain. C Calculating heat gain Calculate heat gain, Q, for each experiment. Table 2: Variables in the heat gain equation variable definition units How you get the variable m mass of water grams The mass of water can be calculated from the volume. Remember that 1 ml of water has a mass of 1 gram. c heating constant, or specific heat For water the specific heat is T change in of the cold liquid C T = T equilibrium T cold Table 3: Calculating heat gain m cold water c water T equilibrium T cold water T Q heat gain Answer Sheet
3 D Calculating heat loss Calculate the heat lost by the hot water. Record your answers in Table 4. Table 4: Calculating heat loss m hot water c water T equilibrium T hot water T Q heat loss E What happened to the heat in the experiment? a. According to the law of conservation of energy, the amount of heat/energy gained by the cold water should be equal to the amount of heat/energy lost by the hot water. Compare the heat gained by the cold water to the heat lost by the hot water. Are they equal in each experiment? b. If the heat gain is not equal to the heat loss, what do you think happened to the missing heat? Answer Sheet
4 F Mixing hot water and cold alcohol Record your data in Table 5. Table 5: Mixing hot water and cold alcohol Temperature of hot water Temperature of cold alcohol Predicted equilibrium Actual equilibrium Measure the actual equilibrium of the new mixture. Was the equilibrium weighted closer to the water or alcohol? Based on your answer, which liquid do you think has a higher specific heat? G Calculating heat lost by the water Calculate the heat lost by the hot water. Table 6: Heat lost by hot water in alcohol mixture m hot water c water T equilibrium T hot water T Q heat loss H Determining the heat gained by the alcohol Based on the results of all of the experiments, how much heat did the alcohol gain? Answer Sheet
5 I Challenge! a. Can you figure out the specific heat of the alcohol? Hint: Start with the equation Q = mc T. You can rearrange the variables and solve for specific heat (c). You will also need to know the mass of 250 ml of alcohol. Your teacher will have that information for you. b. The alcohol used in this experiment is isopropyl alcohol. How does the specific heat of isopropyl alcohol compare with the specific heat values for methyl alcohol (methanol) and ethyl alcohol (ethanol)? Use a chemistry manual to look up the values for all of these types of alcohol. c. How does the specific heat for isopropyl alcohol that you derived compare to the value from the chemistry manual? How could you design this experiment to obtain better results? Answer Sheet
6 Extra space for performing calculations: Answer Sheet
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