Sun, Earth, And Moon. I will discover how Earth s seasons occur because of the tilt of earth on its axis and its revolution around the sun.

Transcription

1 Sun, Earth, And Moon I will discover how Earth s seasons occur because of the tilt of earth on its axis and its revolution around the sun.

2 Chapter 12 Review Law of Universal Gravitation-Every object in the universe attracts every other object, depending on the masses and distances from each other solstice-the two days of the year in which the sun s most direct rays reach farthest north or farthest south equinox-the two days of the year when day and night are almost the same length everywhere on earth crescent-the moon phase in which we see less than half of the moon s sunlit side gibbous-the moon phase in which more than half, but not all, of the moon s sunlit side wax-to grow wane-to shrink lunar eclipse-an event that occurs when Earth passes directly between the sun and the moon, causing Earth s shadow to block the sun s light from the moon solar eclipse-an event that occurs when the moon passes directly between the sun and Earth, causing Earth s shadow to block the sun s light from the moon tide- the periodic rising and falling of the surface level of the ocean spring tide-a condition of the greatest difference between low and high tides neap tide-a condition of the least difference between low and high tides mare- a dark flat area on the moon s surface, filled with harden lava

3 Chapter 12 Review Continued The two factors to affect the moon s orbit are gravity and inertia It takes the moon 29.5 days to make one rotation The earth makes one revolution in 364 1/4 day It takes the earth 1 day to rotate one time Mass affects the gravitational pull on an object The moon s gravity is about 1/6 of the earth s gravity The moon rises and sets at different times everyday Equinoxes occur during the months of March and September

4 Chapter 12 Quiz neap tide wane wax mare solstice equinox crescent gibbous lunar eclipse spring tide solar eclipse Law of Universal Gravitation tide the periodic rising and falling if the surface of ocean water a condition of the greatest difference between low and high tides every object in the universe attracts every other object, depending on mass and distance occurs when Earth passes directly between the sun and the moon, causing Earth s shadow to block the sun s light from the moon the moon phase in which we see more that half but not all the moon s sunlit side to grow the moon phase in which we see less than half of the moon s sunlit side occurs when the moon passes directly between the sun and the earth, causing the moon s shadow to block the sun s light from a portion of Earth the two days each year when direct sunlight is at its greatest distance north or south of Earth s equator a dark, flat area on the moon s surface, which is filled with hardened lava a condition of the least difference between low and high tides the two days each year when and night are about equal in length to shrink

5 Chapter 12 Quiz Continued What affects the gravitational pull on an object? Newton said that two factors combined to affect the moon s orbit around the earth. Name them How long does it take for the earth to rotate one day? The moon makes one rotation in how many days? The earth makes one revolution in how many days?

6 Earth s Motion Law of Universal Gravitation-Every object in the universe attracts every other object, depending on the masses and distances from each other. The greater the mass of an object, the greater the gravitational pull of that object. Gravitational pull increases as the distance between two object decreases The sun s mass is 330,000 times that of Earth Earth s gravitational pull is greater on the moon, than the moon s gravitational pull on the Earth Newton s First Law of Motion- objects at rest will stay at rest and objects in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon.

7 Seasons solstice-the two days of the year in which the sun s most direct rays reach farthest north or farthest south equinox-the two days of the year when day and night are almost the same length everywhere on earth We have 4 seasons- Fall, Winter, Spring, and Summer Seasonal changes are caused by the tilt of the earth as it rotates on its axis and revolves around the sun. Sunlight shines directly on the Equator and least directly on the North and South poles

8 Phases and Eclipses crescent-the moon phase in which we see less than half of the moon s sunlit side gibbous-the moon phase in which more than half, but not all, of the moon s sunlit side wax-to grow wane-to shrink lunar eclipse-an event that occurs when Earth passes directly between the sun and the moon, causing Earth s shadow to block the sun s light from the moon solar eclipse-an event that occurs when the moon passes directly between the sun and Earth, causing Earth s shadow to block the sun s light from the moon Each phase results from the position of the planet, the moon, and the sun

9 Tides tide- the periodic rising and falling of the surface level of the ocean spring tide-a condition of the greatest difference between low and high tides neap tide-a condition of the least difference between low and high tides Tides are mostly the result of the moon s gravitational pull on different parts of the Earth The moon s force of gravity is the main factor that causes earth s tides

10 Moon Mission mare- a dark flat area on the moon s surface, filled with harden lava On July 16, 1969, the United States sent astronauts to the moon The Eagle landed on the moon on July 20, 1969