European Exploration through the Columbian Exchange. Caitlin Ovaitt & Miki Raymond

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1 European Exploration through the Columbian Exchange Caitlin Ovaitt & Miki Raymond

2 The Columbian Exchange The exchange of animals, crops, human population and disease between the Western and Eastern Hemisphere. The exchange lasted from about Europe, Africa, North America and Asia were the countries involved.

3 Main Explorers: Christopher Columbus Searched for the shortest and most profitable route to Asia Voyage in 1492 lead to the Caribbean Islands

4 Main Explorers: Henry Hudson Searched for Ice-free route to Asia Voyage in 1609 lead to Nova Scotia Traveled North until he reached what would later be named the Hudson Bay

5 Main Explorers: Samuel de Champlain Searched for places to establish French colonies Began exploring North America in 1603 Voyage lead to Quebec where he established a fur trading post Mapped parts of the Atlantic coast and the Great Lakes

6 Reasons For Exploration Find safe routes to Asia by sea Search for gold Expand empires and religion Exchange crops and animals Find new places to trade

7 Results of Exploration Spanish conquered Aztecs and Incas Native Americans die of European diseases Enslaved Africans are brought to the Americas Population growth in Europe, Asia, and Africa Cultural diffusion Growth of capitalism

8 Triangular Trade Basic trade route between the Americas, Africa and Europe.

9 Raw Materials From The Americas Lumber, wool, iron, cotton, tobacco, rice, and indigo England passed the Navigation acts in 1651 Laws forced the colonies to trade only with England Not allowed to make any products they could buy from England Smuggling and piracy became big

10 Trade of Crops and Animals From Europe to the From the Americas Americas to Europe Horses Cats Donkeys Cattle Dogs Pigs Sheep Goats Chickens Turkeys Llamas Alpacas Guinea Pigs Dogs From Europe to the Americas From the Americas to Europe Grains (Rice, Wheat Barley, Oats, Rye) Tea Turnips Onions Cabbage Lettuce Peaches Pears Coffee Bananas Melons Olives Clover Corn Tobacco Cotton Sugarcane Potatoes Beans Tomatoes Squash Peppers Pineapples Cocoa Chicle Papayas Manioc Guavas Avocados Grapes

11 African Slave Trade In 1509, the Spanish governor of Hispaniola, Diego Columbus, wrote to King Ferdinand complaining about labor shortage on the island. So, the king sent 50 African slaves to Hispaniola. They chose African Americans because they provided cheap labor. Diego Columbus

12 African Slave Trade From then on, tens of thousands African Americans were shipped across the Atlantic through the Middle Passage every year and were sold to go work on tobacco and cotton farms. Slaves working on a cotton farm Slaves traveling the Middle Passage

13 African Slave Trade The slave trade increased with the demand for slaves to work in the colonies. Eventually the colonies became dependent on slave labor.

14 Disease Spreading European diseases caused millions of deaths among American Indians. From Europe to the Americas Smallpox Measles Influenza Chicken Pox Malaria Yellow Fever The Common Cold From the Americas to Europe Syphilis Polio Hepatitis Encephalitis

15 Bubonic Plague Originated in Central Asia Traveled the silk road and merchant ships by fleas on rats One third of Europe s affected areas eliminated Didn t really affect Americas during the Columbian Exchange

16 European Disease Effects on American Indians The death tolls usually reached percent Hundreds of thousands of Indians died during the first two centuries following the initial contact and breakout Smallpox killed the most people (followed by measles and influenza) Spiritual curing techniques didn t work Seemed to not affect Christians

17 What was a significant result of European Exploration through the Columbian Exchange? A. Europeans became dependent on crops from America. B. The bubonic plague spread throughout Europe. C. European diseases caused millions of deaths among American Indians. D. Raw materials from America became very expensive due to scarcity.

18 The answer is C. European diseases caused millions of deaths among American Indians. (Answer found on slide 14)

19 Source page

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