Name: Bonding Review Mr. Nobre Honors Chemistry

Transcription

1 Name: Mr. Nobre Honors Chemistry 1. Which of the following molecules have an atom with sp 2 configuration? I. BCl 3 II. CH 3 COOH III. NCl 3 1) I only 4) I and II only II only 5) I, II, and III 3) III only 2. The F-B-F angle in a BF 3 molecule is 1) 90 4) ) 180º 3) What is the geometry of the BF 3 molecule? 1) Bent 4) Trigonal pyramidal Linear 5) Trigonal planar 3) Tetrahedral 4. An example of a molecular compound that exists as a solid at STP is 1) CO 2 CH 4 2 H 5 OH 4) C 3 5) SiC 5. Which of the following has sp hybridization on a C atom? 1) C 2 H 2 C 3 4 4) CH 4 5) C 2 H 5 OH 6. What is the shape of iodine penta-fluoride? 1) Octahedron 4) Square pyramidal Trigonal bipyramidal 5) Square planar 3) T-shaped 7. The shape of the sulfate ion, SO 2 4, is most similar to the shape of 1) N 2 H 4 2 CO 3 2 H 4 4) SiH 4 5) NH 3 8. Which compound has the highest boiling point? 1) 0.50 molar NaCl 0.50 molar NaOH 3) 0.50 molar Ca(OH) 2 4) 0.50 molar LiOH 5) 0.50 molar HBr 9. The molecular geometry of the sulfite ion, SO 2 3, is most similar to that of 1) water, H 2 O 2 the sulfate ion, SO 4 3) + the ammonium ion, NH 4 4) carbon dioxide, CO 2 5) the hydronium ion, H 3 O Which of the following molecules contain a resonance structure? 1) C 6 H 6 SO 2 3) O 3 4) NO 3 5) all of the above 11. Which of the following is the correct molecular orbital structure for the nitrogen molecule N 2? 1) (σ2s b ) 2 (σ2s * ) 2 (σ2p b ) 2 (π2p b ) 4 (π2p * ) 2 (σ2s b ) 2 (σ2s * ) 2 (σ2p b ) 2 (π2p b ) 4 3) (σ2s b ) 2 (σ2s * ) 2 (π2p b ) 4 (π2p * ) 2 4) (σ2s b ) 2 (σ2s * ) 2 (π2p b ) 2 (π2p * ) 4 5) (σ2s * ) 2 (σ2p b ) 2 (π2p b ) 4 (π2p * ) Which of the following has the strongest bonds? 1) SiO 2 CO 2 3) H 2 O 4) NO 2 5) SO Compound QF 4 has a square planar shape. What group of the periodic table must element Q belong to? 1) Group 1A 4) Group 7A Group 2A 5) Group 8A 3) Group 4A 14. In which compound is sp 2 hybridization present in the bonding? 1) BH 3 C 2 H 2 H 4 4) H 2 O 5) CO Which of the following contains only sigma (σ) bonds? 1) CO 2 C 3 H 6 H 3 Cl 4) N 2 O 3 5) SiO 2

2 16. Base your answer to the following question on the types of solids given below. (A) A metallic solid (B) A molecular solid with hydrogen bonds (C) A molecular solid with non-polar molecules (D) A network solid (E) An ionic solid Which describes solid benzene (C 6 H 6 )? 17. The geometry of uranium hexafluoride (UF 6 ) is best described as 1) tetrahedral 4) square pyramidal hexagonal 5) octahedral 3) trigonal bipyramidal 18. Copper (II) oxide and silicon dioxide are both crystalline solids. What is the best explanation for why silicon dioxide has a much higher melting point than CuO? 1) Copper is a metal and silicon is a metalloid. Copper dioxide has the greater dipole moment. 3) Van der Waals forces are only important in CuO. 4) SiO 2 is a network covalent solid. 5) SiO 2 is a body centered lattice; CuO is a face centered lattice. 19. Which of the following substances exhibits dsp 3 hybridization? 1) SF 6 WBr 5 3) VCl 4 4) Ta 2 O 5 5) Ga 2 Te Base your answer to the following question on the following substances (all solids). 22. What is the geometry of the NH 3 molecule? 1) Bent 4) Trigonal pyramidal Linear 5) Planar triangular 3) Tetrahedral 23. Which of the following molecules are tetrahedral? I. CH 4 II. CO 2 III. MnCl 4 1) I only 4) I and II III only 5) II and III 3) I and III 24. The geometry of methane (CH 4 ) is best described as 1) tetrahedral 4) trigonal planar trigonal pyramidal 5) octahedral 3) trigonal bipyramidal 25. Which compound violates the simple octet rule for electron distribution around the central atom? 1) CO 2 NF 3 3) OF 2 4) PF 5 5) AsF 3 Base your answers to questions 26 through 28 on the following molecules. (A) H 2 (B) O 2 (C) Br 2 (D) N 2 (E) F Which molecule has a bond order of 3? 27. Which molecule has one sigma bond and one pi bond? 28. Which molecule has the shortest bond length? (A) RbCl (B) SiO 2 (C) Ag (D) CN (E) C 3 Contains strong multiple covalent bonds 21. Which molecule has a trigonal bipyramidal arrangement? 1) BF 3 + NH 4 3) SF 6 4) XeF 4 5) XeF Which molecules have a net dipole of zero? 1) II, and III only 4) II, IV, and V only III, and IV only 5) III, IV, and VI only 3) I, II, and V only

3 30. Which evidence indicates that the electron dot formula shown to the right is an incorrect electron dot formula for an oxygen molecule? 1) Oxygen is colorless. Oxygen is denser than air. 3) Oxygen is difficult to liquify. 4) Liquid oxygen has magnetic properties. 5) Oxygen is a gas at STP conditions. 31. Base your answer to the following question on the compounds below. (A) Carbon dioxide (B) Carbon monoxide (C) Water (D) Sodium chloride (E) Xenon pentafluoride Which compound has a square pyramidal shape? 32. Base your answer to the following question on the following hybridizations. (A) sp (B) sp 2 (C) sp 3 (D) dsp 3 (E) d 2 sp 3 What type of sp hybridization is exhibited by XeF 6? 33. Which of the following molecules is most polar? 1) Br 2 NH 3 l 2 4) NO 5) 2 SO Which sort of hybridization leads to a trigonal planar shape for the molecule? 1) sp 2 4) sp 3 d sp 2 d 5) sp 3 d 2 3) sp One reason halogens do not normally react with each other is that 1) halogens do not have any bonding electrons halogens can only bond with metals 3) halogens have very low electron affinities 4) halogens have equal numbers of bonding and antibonding electrons 5) halogens have very low ionization energies 36. In a given homologous series of hydrocarbons, the boiling point generally increases as the size of the molecules increases. The best explanation for this statement is that in larger organic molecules 1) the number of covalent bonds per molecule is greater the molecules are more symmetrical 3) more hydrogen bonding is possible 4) dipole forces between molecules are greater 5) Van Der Waals forces between molecules is greater 37. Which of the following substances exhibits d 2 sp 3 hybridization? 1) SrTe UH 3 3) NbBr 5 4) N 2 S 5 5) PF In butadiene (C 4 H 6 ), how many sigma and pi bonds are present? 1) 11 sigma bonds, 0 pi bonds 9 sigma bonds, 2 pi bonds 3) 7 sigma bonds, 4 pi bonds 4) 7 sigma bonds, 2 pi bonds 5) 5 sigma bonds, 4 pi bonds 39. What species can be described as having sp 3 d hybridization? I. PCl 5 II. SF 4 III. I 3 1) I only 4) I, II and III II only 5) I and III only 3) I and II only

4 Which molecules has the smallest distance between its two carbon atoms? 1) 3) 4) Based on the above graph of 15 unknown elements, BbFf is most likely which type of substance? 1) Coordonate covalent crystal Network solid ovalent molecule 4) Diatomic gas 5) Ionic solid 41. The shape of a BF 3 molecule is 1) Octahedral 4) Tetrahedral Linear 5) Triangular planar 3) Square pyramidal 43. Resonance structures would be necessary in drawing Lewis structures for which of the following? 1) HCN C 3 3) SO 2 4) NaCl 5) H 2 O 44. Which of the following atoms is most likely to disobey the octet rule? 1) B 4) C O 5) F 3) N

5 In pentadiene (C 5 ), how many sigma and pi bonds are present? 1) 12 sigma bonds, 0 pi bonds 12 sigma bonds, 2 pi bonds 3) 11sigma bonds, 3 pi bonds 4) 13 sigma bonds, 1 pi bonds 5) 10 sigma bonds, 4 pi bonds 49. Base your answer to the following question on the information below. Given 5 beakers containing: What type(s) of sp hybridization are found on the C atoms in the above compound? I. sp II. sp 2 III. sp 3 IV. dsp 3 1) I only 4) II and III only II and IVonly 5) III and IV only 3) I and III only 46. Base your answer to the following question on the following atomic orbitals. (A) 1s 2 2s 1 2p 1 (B) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 1 (C) 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 (D) [Ar] 4s 2 (E) [Ar] 4s 2 3d 4 This element does not obey the octet rule frequently while bonding and is not a transition metal. 47. CF 4 < CCl 4 < CBr 4 < CI 4 According to the above trend in boiling points, which type of bonding force explains the trend above? 1) London dispersion forces Covalent bonding forces 3) Dipole forces 4) Halogen bonding forces 5) Hydrogen bonding forces I. Pure water. II. Water solution of a sugar. III. Water solution of silver nitrate. IV. Water solution of methyl alcohol. V. Water solution of sodium chloride. Which of these liquids are good conductors of electricity? 1) II and IV only 4) I, II, IV, and V only III and V only 5) I, II, III, IV, and V 3) II, III, and IV only 50. Base your answer to the following question on the following types of energy. (A) Potential energy (B) Ionization energy (C) Activation energy (D) Hydration energy (E) Lattice energy The minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely held electron of an isolated gaseous atom.

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