Mechanical Waves Review

Transcription

1 Name: ate: 1. The diagram shown represents four waves traveling to the right in the same transmitting medium. 5. The pattern shown was recorded by a tape timer. The space between the dots represents 0.02 second. What is the frequency of the timer? cycle/sec. 5 cycles/sec. 50 cycles/sec. 500 cycles/sec Which type of wave is represented?. elliptical. longitudinal. torsional. transverse 6. Which waves require a medium for transmission?. light waves. radio waves. sound waves. cosmic waves 2. Which wave has the greatest frequency? Periodic waves are being produced in a ripple tank. s the rate at which the waves are produced is increased, the wavelength of the waves will 3. Which wave has the greatest amplitude?..... decrease. increase. remain the same 4. Which characteristic is determined by the source of a wave train and will not change when the wave passes into another medium? 8. Which part of the longitudinal waveform shown represents a rarefaction?. frequency. wavelength. velocity. amplitude.... page 1

2 9. Which area of the longitudinal waveform area best represents the wavelength of the wave shown? 14. If the velocity of a constant-frequency wave increases, the wavelength. and. and., only.. decreases. increases. remains the same 10. For a standing wave, the distance between two consecutive minimums (nodes) is equal to. 1 wavelength. 2 wavelengths. 1 2 wavelength. 1 4 wavelength 15. The number of waves passing a point in a unit of time is called. frequency. wavelength. amplitude. period 11. The frequency of a wave with a velocity of 30 meters per second and a wavelength of 5.0 meters is 16. Two pulses are traveling along a string toward each other as represented in the diagram shown. Which phenomenon will occur as the pulses meet. 150 waves/sec. 25 waves/sec. 6.0 waves/sec. 5.0 waves/sec. reflection. diffraction. interference. refraction 12. What is the velocity of a water wave that travels a distance of 10 meters in 5.0 seconds?. 5.0 m/sec. 2.0 m/sec. 15 m/sec. 50 m/sec 17. Which characteristic of a wave changes as the wave travels across a boundary between two different media?. frequency. period. phase. speed 13. Two waves have the same frequency in a medium. The wave with the greater energy has the greater. amplitude. velocity. wavelength. period 18. What is the period of a wave with a frequency of hertz? s s s s page 2

3 19. s shown in the diagram, a transverse wave is moving along a rope. In which direction will segment X move as the wave passes through it? 22. How many nodes are represented in the standing wave diagram?. down, only. up, only. down, then up. up, then down s a periodic wave travels from one medium to another, which pair of the wave s characteristics cannot change? 20. The diagram shows a transverse water wave moving in the direction shown by velocity vector v. t the instant shown, a cork at point P on the water s surface is moving toward... period and frequency. period and amplitude. frequency and velocity. amplitude and wavelength The diagram pictured shows radar waves being emitted from a stationary police car and reflected by a moving car back to the police car. The difference in apparent frequency between the incident and reflected waves is an example of 21. Which point on the wave diagram shown is in phase with point?. E.... constructive interference. refraction. the oppler effect. total internal reflection page 3

4 25. Two wave sources operating in phase in the same medium produce the circular wave patterns shown in the diagram. The solid lines represent wave crests and the dashed lines represent wave troughs. Which point is at a position of maximum destructive interference? 28. The diagram shown represents a rope along which two pulses of equal amplitude,, approach point P. When the two pulses meet at P, the vertical displacement of the rope at point P will be Which graph best represents the relationship between the frequency and period of a wave? 26. The diagram pictured shows two pulses, each of length λ, traveling toward each other at equal speed in a rope. Which diagram best represents the shape of the rope when both pulses are in region? wave generator located 4.0 meters from a reflecting wall produces a standing wave in a string, as shown in the accompanying diagram. 27. In the diagram shown, the distance between points and on a wave is 0.10 meter. This wave must have. an amplitude of 0.10 m. an amplitude of 0.20 m. a wavelength of 0.10 m If the speed of the wave is 10. meters per second, what is its frequency? Hz. 5.0 Hz. 10 Hz. 40. Hz. a wavelength of 0.20 m page 4

5 31. The accompanying diagram shows two waves approaching eachother in the same uniform medium. 33. train sounding its whistle is moving rapidly away from an observer. The frequency the observer hears appears to. decrease. increase. remain the same Which diagram best represents the appearance of the medium after the waves ahve passed through each other?. 34. term often used to describe the frequency of a sound is. amplitude. volume. pitch. tone When the sound made by one tuning fork causes another tuning fork to vibrate, the principle demonstrated is. reflection. refraction. interference. resonance. 36. The length of a vibrating air column is shortened. The sound wave produced by the shortened air column will have an increase in. frequency. wavelength. amplitude. speed 32. What is the period of a wave if 20 crests pass an observer in 4 seconds?. 80 s. 0.2 s. 5 s. 4 s 37. s the frequency of a sound wave decreases, its pitch. decreases. increases. remains the same page 5

6 38. n opera singer s voice is able to break a thin crystal glass if the singer s voice and the glass have the same natural 41. Two speakers, S 1 and S 2, operating in phase in the same medium produce the circular wave patterns shown in the diagram below.. frequency. speed. amplitude. wavelength t which two points is constructive interference occurring?. and. and. and. and 39. The diagram pictured shows a parked police car with a siren on top. The siren is producing a sound with a frequency of 680 hertz, which travels first through point and then through point, as shown. The speed of the sound is 340 meters per second. 42. n echo heard when a person shouts in a canyon is due to the sound waves being. mixed. refracted If the sound waves are in phase at points and, the distance between the points could be. diffracted. reflected. 1λ. 1 2 λ. 3 2 λ. 1 4 λ 43. Two tuning forks are struck at the same time. Their sound is observed to become louder and softer at regular intervals. This is caused by wave. condensation. refraction. interference. amplification 40. What is the wavelength of the sound produced by the car s siren? m. 2.0 m m m 44. eats are produced by two sound waves having different. frequencies. amplitudes. loudness. energies page 6

7 45. Increasing the amplitude of a sound wave will make it 48. Which wave phenomenon is represented in the diagram here?. louder. have a higher pitch. travel faster. produce beats. refraction. diffraction. reflection. interference 46. t an outdoor physics demonstration, a delay of 0.50 second was observed between the time sound waves left a loudspeaker and the time these sound waves reached a student through the air. If the air is at STP, how far was the student from the speaker? m m 49. The diagram represents wave fronts traveling from medium X into medium Y. ll points on any one wave front shown must be m m 47. Which diagram best illustrates wave refraction?.. traveling with the same speed. traveling in the same medium. in phase. superposed Parallel wave fronts incident on an opening in a barrier are diffracted. For which combination of wavelength and size of opening will diffraction effects be greatest?. short wavelength and narrow opening.. short wavelength and wide opening. long wavelength and narrow opening. long wavelength and wide opening page 7

8 51. The diagram shows a wave phenomenon. The pattern of waves shown behind the barrier is the result of. reflection. refraction. diffraction. interference 53. The sonar of a stationary ship sends a signal with a frequency of hertz down through water. The speed of the signal is meters per second. The echo from the bottom is detected 4.0 seconds later. a) What is the wavelength of the sonar wave? [Show all calculations, including the equation and substitution with units.] b) What is the depth of the water under the ship? [Show all calculations, including the equation and substitution with units.] 52. ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the information and diagram below. stationary research ship uses sonar to send a hertz sound wave down through the ocean water. The reflected sound wave from the flat ocean bottom 324 meters below the ship is detected second after it was sent from the ship. alculate the wavelength of the sound wave in the ocean water. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.] 54. ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the information below. One end of a rope is attached to a variable speed drill and the other end is attached to a 5.0-kilogram mass. The rope is draped over a hook on a wall opposite the drill. When the drill rotates at a frequency of 20.0 Hz, standing waves of the same frequency are set up in the rope. The diagram below shows such a wave pattern. etermine the wavelength of the waves producing the standing wave pattern. page 8

9 55. ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below, which shows a wave in a rope. 56. etermine the amplitude of the wave. etermine the wavelength of the wave. page 9

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11 Teacher s Key Page m m or 3 m m 0.60 m